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Centeno Mora E, Souza CLD, Neves TDA, Chernicharo CDL. Characterisation and perspectives of energetic use of dissolved gas recovered from anaerobic effluent with membrane contactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128223. [PMID: 36368489 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biogas is a source of renewable energy, and its production and use has been validated in anaerobic-based sewage treatment plants (STPs). However, in these systems, a large amount of methane is lost as dissolved methane (D-CH4) in the liquid effluent. In this study, the characteristics and potential energetic uses of the gas recovered during the desorption of D-CH4 from anaerobic effluents with hollow fibre membrane contactors were investigated. A pilot-scale experiment was performed using sewage and two types of membrane contactors. The recovered gas contained considerable amounts of CH4, CO2, H2S, N2, and O2; therefore, a gas upgrade is required prior to its use as a biofuel. The recovery process should be energetically self-sustainable, and induce a considerable decrease in the STP carbon footprint. Recovering D-CH4 with membrane contactors could increase the energetic potential of anaerobic-based STPs up to 50 % and allow for more sustainable systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Centeno Mora
- Civil Engineering School, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Cláudio Leite de Souza
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago de Alencar Neves
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
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2
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Pereira Silva T, Guimarães de Oliveira M, Marques Mourão JM, Collere Possetti GR, Lopes Pereira E, Bezerra dos Santos A. Bioenergy recovery potential from upflow microaerobic sludge blanket reactor fed with swine wastewater. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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3
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Shrestha A, Bhattarai TN, Ghimire S, Mainali B, Treichel H, Paudel SR. Estimation of greenhouse gases emission from domestic wastewater in Nepal: A scenario-based analysis applicable for developing countries. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134501. [PMID: 35395260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Domestic wastewater and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are key emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Quantifying these emissions in the present and future is crucial to tackle global climate change issues. As a developing country with few rural and urban wastewater treatment facilities, Nepal may have a unique opportunity to reduce future GHGs emissions by a proper selection of wastewater treatment technology. In this paper, the authors used Python programming to estimate the GHGs emissions from the domestic wastewater sector in Nepal under various technological development scenarios for 2020 to 2040 using the refined 2019 estimation methodology developed by Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Results show total equivalent CO2 emission of 3829.43 and 4523.65 Gigagrams in 2020 and 2040, respectively. The 2020 value is seven times greater than Nepal's 2017 national estimates because this study considered rural population and updated methodology. Comparing the technology development scenarios with the Business as Usual scenario, the highest GHGs reduction could be achieved by hybrid constructed wetlands (69.20%) followed by a combined anaerobic and aerobic system with biogas recovery for energy generation (61.72%). Further accuracy may be attained only through the actual measurement of WWTPs emissions and country-specific emission factors. Thus, this paper proposes GHGs estimation of future scenarios portraying urban and rural populations may be invaluable to policymakers of GHGs mitigation for selection of feasible WWTPs, especially in developing countries with limited wastewater treatment facilities and wastewater activity data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Shrestha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, 44700, Nepal
| | - Tek Narayan Bhattarai
- Department of Civil Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, 44700, Nepal
| | - Swastik Ghimire
- Department of Civil Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, 44700, Nepal
| | - Bandita Mainali
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3550, Australia
| | - Helen Treichel
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Fronteira Sul - UFFS, Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Shukra Raj Paudel
- Department of Civil Engineering, Pulchowk Campus, Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, 44700, Nepal; Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Sanchez L, Carrier M, Cartier J, Charmette C, Heran M, Steyer JP, Lesage G. Enhanced organic degradation and biogas production of domestic wastewater at psychrophilic temperature through submerged granular anaerobic membrane bioreactor for energy-positive treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 353:127145. [PMID: 35413419 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the conversion of organic matter into methane at ambient temperature, during anaerobic digestion of domestic wastewater combined with a submerged ultrafiltration membrane with no gas-sparging. A one-stage submerged granular anaerobic membrane bioreactor (G-AnMBR) and a control anaerobic digester (UASB type) were operated during four months, after 500 days of biomass acclimatization to psychrophilic and low loading rate conditions. Membrane barrier led to the retention of biomass, suspended solids and dissolved and colloidal organic matter which greatly enhanced total COD (tCOD) removal (92.3%) and COD to methane conversion (84.7% of tCOD converted into dissolved and gaseous CH4). G-AnMBR overcame the usual long start-up period and led to a higher sludge heterogeneity, without altering the granular biomass activity. The feasibility of the G-AnMBR without gas-sparging was also assessed and the net positive energy balance was estimated around + 0.58 kWh.m-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Sanchez
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Carrier
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jim Cartier
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Charmette
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Heran
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Geoffroy Lesage
- Institut Européen des Membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
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Vassalle L, Passos F, Rosa-Machado AT, Moreira C, Reis M, Pascoal de Freitas M, Ferrer I, Mota CR. The use of solar pre-treatment as a strategy to improve the anaerobic biodegradability of microalgal biomass in co-digestion with sewage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131929. [PMID: 34463260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable sewage treatment plants (STPs) have been intensively investigated in search for low-cost, environmental-friendly options. Anaerobic-aerobic treatment solutions, as upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors followed by high rate algal ponds (HRAP) have already proved to be efficient for pollutants and micropollutants removal, as well as for energy recovery from the co-digestion of raw sewage and microalgal biomass. Since microalgae cells have complex structures that make them resistant to anaerobic digestion, pre-treatment techniques may be applied to improve microalgal biomass solubilisation and methane yield. Among the thermal pre-treatments, the use of solar energy for biomass solubilisation has yet to be investigated. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the performance of a solar thermal microalgal biomass pre-treatment prior to the anaerobic co-digestion with raw sewage, comparing a UASB reactor feed only raw sewage and other UASB reactor feed with raw sewage and pre-treated microalgal biomass. The results showed that, the solar pre-treatment step reached an organic matter solubilisation of 32% (COD). Furthermore, the methane yield was increased by 45% (from 81 to 117 NL CH4 kg-1 COD), after the anaerobic co-digestion with pre-treated microalgae as compared to the mono-digestion of raw sewage, indicating significant difference between the evaluated UASB reactors. The energy assessment showed a positive energy balance, as the total energy produced was twice the energy consumed in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Vassalle
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil; GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, Barcelona, 08034, Spain.
| | - Fabiana Passos
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil.
| | - Alcino Trindade Rosa-Machado
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Camila Moreira
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Matheus Pascoal de Freitas
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Ivet Ferrer
- GEMMA - Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, C/Jordi Girona 1-3, Building D1, Barcelona, 08034, Spain.
| | - César Rossas Mota
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, Brazil.
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6
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Safitri AS, Hamelin J, Kommedal R, Milferstedt K. Engineered methanotrophic syntrophy in photogranule communities removes dissolved methane. WATER RESEARCH X 2021; 12:100106. [PMID: 34195589 PMCID: PMC8237362 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2021.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic treatment of wastewater leads to the loss of dissolved methane in the effluent of the treatment plant, especially when operated at low temperatures. The emission of this greenhouse gas may reduce or even offset the environmental gain from energy recovery through anaerobic treatment. We demonstrate here the removal and elimination of these comparably small methane concentrations using an ecologically engineered methanotrophic community harbored in oxygenic photogranules. We constructed a syntrophy between methanotrophs enriched from activated sludge and cyanobacteria residing in photogranules and maintained it over a two-month period in a continuously operated reactor. The novel community removed dissolved methane during stable reactor operation by on average 84.8±7.4% (±standard deviation) with an average effluent concentration of dissolved methane of 4.9±3.7 mg CH4∙l-1. The average methane removal rate was 26 mg CH4∙l-1∙d-1, with an observed combined biomass yield of 2.4 g VSS∙g CH4 -1. The overall COD balance closed at around 91%. Small photogranules removed methane more efficiently than larger photogranule, likely because of a more favorable surface to volume ratio of the biomass. MiSeq amplicon sequencing of 16S and 23S rRNA revealed a potential syntrophic chain between methanotrophs, non-methanotrophic methylotrophs and filamentous cyanobacteria. The community composition between individual photogranules varied considerably, suggesting cross-feeding between photogranules of different community composition. Methanotrophic photogranules may be a viable option for dissolved methane removal as anaerobic effluent post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Sukma Safitri
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jérôme Hamelin
- INRAE, Univ Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Roald Kommedal
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kim Milferstedt
- INRAE, Univ Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
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Rodrigues Mesquita TC, Sousa IDP, Antunes Collares MF, Rosa AP. A simple and reliable proposal to determine the technical feasibility of biogas use and the energetic self-sustainability in UASB-based sewage treatment plants. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:3007-3019. [PMID: 34185695 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The biogas produced in UASB-based sewage treatment plants (STPs) is rarely used for energy purposes and its potential is often unknown. This study aimed to propose a simple and reliable method based on energy balance to determine the technical feasibility of biogas use and the energy self-sufficiency of UASB reactors. To this end, we considered (i) electric power production (E) and (ii) electric power consumption (Econ) ascribed to sewage pumping stations (SPSs) at different pressure heads (0 to 4 m, 4.1 to 8 m, 8.1 to 12 m, and 12.1 to 16 m). The technical feasibility of biogas use was assessed by evaluating if the flow of biogas produced in the STPs would be sufficient for the functioning of a commercial motor-generator. The linear model fit to estimate the biogas energy potential (y-axis) in STPs and the sewage flow (x-axis) is represented by y = 122.65x (R2 = 0.64). In total, 1,054 STPs in Brazil use UASB reactors as treatment units, of which nearly 31% are located in the southeast. However, only 11.2% of these STPs, which serve populations of over 29,981, presented technical feasibility to recover biogas. The mathematical equations proposed in this study to estimate the net electric power production in UASB-based STPs are relevant tools for sanitation companies and can enable studies to be performed for the implementation of energy self-sufficiency projects in Brazil.
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8
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Centeno-Mora E, Fonseca PR, Andreão WL, Brandt EMF, de Souza CL, de Lemos Chernicharo C. Mitigation of diffuse CH 4 and H 2S emissions from the liquid phase of UASB-based sewage treatment plants: challenges, techniques, and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:35979-35992. [PMID: 32277414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08644-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors are considered to be a sustainable and well-established technology for sewage treatment in warm climate countries. However, gases dissolved in the effluent of these reactors, CH4 and H2S in some instances, are a major drawback. These dissolved gases can be emitted into the atmosphere downstream of the anaerobic reactors, resulting in odour nuisance and, in the case of H2S, corrosion, while in the case of CH4, increasing greenhouse gas emissions with a significant loss of potentially recoverable energy. In this sense, this study aims to provide a critical review of the recent efforts to control CH4 and H2S dissolved in UASB reactor effluents, with a focus on the different available techniques. Different desorption techniques have been tested for the removal/recovery of dissolved CH4 and H2S: diffused aeration, simplified desorption chamber, packed desorption chamber, closed downflow hanging sponge reactor, membrane contactor, and vacuum desorption chamber. Other recent publications addressing the oxidation of these compounds in biological posttreatments with simultaneous nitrification/denitrification of ammonia were also discussed. Additionally, the rationale of CH4 recovery was determined by energy balance and carbon footprint approaches, and the H2S removal was examined by modelling its emission and atmospheric dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Centeno-Mora
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Costa Rica (UCR), San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Paula Rafaela Fonseca
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Willian Lemker Andreão
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Manfred Freire Brandt
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Leite de Souza
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carlos de Lemos Chernicharo
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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9
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Potential Applications of Biogas Produced in Small-Scale UASB-Based Sewage Treatment Plants in Brazil. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13133356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rural sanitation is still a challenge in developing countries, such as Brazil, where the majority population live with inadequate services, compromising public health and environmental safety. In this context, this study analyzed the demographic density of these rural agglomerations using secondary data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The goal was to identify the possibilities associated with using small-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors for sewage treatment, mainly focusing on biogas production and its conversion into energy for cooking, water heating and sludge sanitization. Results showed that most rural agglomerations lacking the appropriate sewage treatment were predominant from 500 to 1500 inhabitants in both northern and southern Brazilian regions. The thermal energy available in the biogas would be enough to sanitize the whole amount of sludge produced in the sewage treatment plants (STPs), producing biosolids for agricultural purposes. Furthermore, the surplus of thermal energy (after sludge sanitization) could be routed for cooking (replacing LPG) and for water heating (replacing electricity) in the northern and southern regions, respectively. This would benefit more than 200,000 families throughout rural areas of the country. Besides the direct social gains derived from the practice of supplying biogas for domestic uses in the vicinity of the STPs, there would be tremendous indirect gains related to the avoidance of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, an anaerobic-based sewage treatment may improve public health conditions, life quality and generate added value products in Brazilian rural areas.
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Lopes TAS, Queiroz LM, Torres EA, Kiperstok A. Low complexity wastewater treatment process in developing countries: A LCA approach to evaluate environmental gains. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137593. [PMID: 32146399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reliable Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) indicators for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) construction and operation phases are still a demand mainly in developing countries. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to present and discuss the environmental performance of a full-scale WWTP installed in a Brazilian city using LCA approach. The treatment process consists of a UASB reactor followed by constructed wetlands, which makes it particularly attractive to developing countries due to its operational simplicity. The Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) was developed from a WWTP design and operation data including those of untreated wastewater and effluent quality. The results show that the environmental impacts from construction phase should not be neglected in LCA studies of low complexity treatment technologies (e.g. UASB reactor, constructed wetlands and pond systems). There is a trade-off between the use of materials and energy for construction and the low energy and materials consumption during the operation phase in these systems. The majority share of hydroelectric generation in the energy matrix and the combination of anaerobic and natural processes for wastewater treatment have contributed to a smaller impact potential for the operation phase. The LCA approach should be associated with plans and actions to face the challenges of providing wastewater treatment in developing countries. Only in this way, compliance with the eco-efficiency targets and protect public health will be guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís A S Lopes
- Energy and Environment Interdisciplinary Center (CIENAM), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo Street n/a, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Queiroz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Aristides Novis Street 2, 4° floor, Federação, 40210-630, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Energy and Environment Interdisciplinary Center (CIENAM), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo Street n/a, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Ednildo A Torres
- Energy and Environment Interdisciplinary Center (CIENAM), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo Street n/a, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Aristides Novis Street 2, 3° floor, Federação, 40210-630 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Asher Kiperstok
- Energy and Environment Interdisciplinary Center (CIENAM), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo Street n/a, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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11
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Mathematical model to predict the energy potential of UASB-based sewage treatment plants. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43153-020-00012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Gupta V, Goel R. Managing dissolved methane gas in anaerobic effluents using microbial resource management-based strategies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121601. [PMID: 31203182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the findings of three independent microbial resource management-based strategies to manage dissolved methane (D-CH4) gas in anaerobic effluents. In the first approach, an aerobic methanotroph Methylococcus capsulatus was immobilized. A maximum of 1.75 kg COD m-3 d-1 at a hydraulic retention time of 0.5 h was recorded in the attached growth aerobic methane oxidizing reactor. In the second strategy, denitrifying methane oxidizing organisms (DAMO) were first enriched in a lab-scale batch reactor which enabled a maximum methane oxidation rate of 0.31 kg COD m-3 d-1. In the last strategy, a mixed community of aerobic ammonia oxidizers was immobilized on sponge carriers and used to convert the D-CH4 gas into useful biofuel methanol at a rate of 0.73 kg COD m-3 d-1 equivalent of COD with a methanol production of 31.5 g COD m-3 d-1. On a COD basis, the amount of methanol generated could denitrify nearly 7 mg L-1 of NO3-N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedansh Gupta
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
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13
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Improving the energy efficiency of a pilot-scale UASB-digester for low temperature domestic wastewater treatment. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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do Amaral KC, Aisse MM, Possetti GRC, Prado MR. Use of life cycle assessment to evaluate environmental impacts associated with the management of sludge and biogas. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:2292-2300. [PMID: 29757181 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors used in sewage treatment generate two by-products that can be reused: sludge and biogas. At the present time in Brazil, most of this resulting sludge is disposed of in sanitary landfills, while biogas is commonly burned off in low-efficiency flares. The aim of the present study was to use life cycle assessment to evaluate the environmental impacts from four different treatment and final destination scenarios for the main by-products of wastewater treatment plants. The baseline scenario, in which the sludge was sanitized using prolonged alkaline stabilization and, subsequently, directed toward agricultural applications and the biogas destroyed in open burners, had the most impact in the categories of global warming, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and human non-carcinogenic toxicity. The scenario in which heat resulting from biogas combustion is used to dry the sludge showed significant improvements over the baseline scenario in all the evaluated impact categories. The recovery of heat from biogas combustion decreased significantly the environmental impact associated with global warming. The combustion of dried sludge is another alternative to improve the sludge management. Despite the reduction of sludge volume to ash, there are environmental impacts inherent to ozone formation and terrestrial acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cubas do Amaral
- Graduate program in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, Federal University of Paraná, Box 19011, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-990, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Miguel Mansur Aisse
- Graduate program in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Box 19011, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Rafael Collere Possetti
- Research and Development Advisor, Water and Sanitation Company of Paraná State (SANEPAR), Brazil; Higher Institute of Administration and Economy of Mercosur (ISAE), Av. Visconde de Guarapuava, 2943, Curitiba, Paraná 80010-100, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Real Prado
- Graduate program in Science and Environmental Technology, Rua Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado, 4900, Curitiba, Paraná 81280-340, Brazil
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Bressani-Ribeiro T, Brandt EMF, Gutierrez KG, Díaz CA, Garcia GB, Chernicharo CAL. Potential of resource recovery in UASB/trickling filter systems treating domestic sewage in developing countries. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:1659-1666. [PMID: 28402307 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to present perspectives for energy (thermal and electric) and nutrient (N and S) recovery in domestic sewage treatment systems comprised of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors followed by sponge-bed trickling filters (SBTF) in developing countries. The resource recovery potential was characterized, taking into account 114 countries and a corresponding population of 968.9 million inhabitants living in the tropical world, which were grouped into three desired ranges in terms of cities' size. For each of these clusters, a technological arrangement flow-sheet was proposed, depending on their technical and economic viability from our best experience. Considering the population living in cities over 100, 000 inhabitants, the potential of energy and nutrient recovery via the sewage treatment scheme would be sufficient to generate electricity for approximately 3.2 million residents, as well as thermal energy for drying purposes that could result in a 24% volume reduction of sludge to be transported and disposed of in landfills. The results show that UASB/SBTF systems can play a very important role in the sanitation and environmental sector towards more sustainable sewage treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bressani-Ribeiro
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
| | - E M F Brandt
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil E-mail: ; Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Engineering College, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-330, Brazil
| | - K G Gutierrez
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
| | - C A Díaz
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
| | - G B Garcia
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
| | - C A L Chernicharo
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6.627, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil E-mail:
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Crone BC, Garland JL, Sorial GA, Vane LM. Significance of dissolved methane in effluents of anaerobically treated low strength wastewater and potential for recovery as an energy product: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 104:520-531. [PMID: 27595700 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The need for energy efficient Domestic Wastewater (DWW) treatment is increasing annually with population growth and expanding global energy demand. Anaerobic treatment of low strength DWW produces methane which can be used to as an energy product. Temperature sensitivity, low removal efficiencies (Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Suspended Solids (SS), and Nutrients), alkalinity demand, and potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have limited its application to warmer climates. Although well designed anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBRs) are able to effectively treat DWW at psychrophilic temperatures (10-30 °C), lower temperatures increase methane solubility leading to increased energy losses in the form of dissolved methane in the effluent. Estimates of dissolved methane losses are typically based on concentrations calculated using Henry's Law but advection limitations can lead to supersaturation of methane between 1.34 and 6.9 times equilibrium concentrations and 11-100% of generated methane being lost in the effluent. In well mixed systems such as AnMBRs which use biogas sparging to control membrane fouling, actual concentrations approach equilibrium values. Non-porous membranes have been used to recover up to 92.6% of dissolved methane and well suited for degassing effluents of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors which have considerable solids and organic contents and can cause pore wetting and clogging in microporous membrane modules. Microporous membranes can recover up to 98.9% of dissolved methane in AnMBR effluents which have low COD and SS concentrations. Sequential Down-flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) reactors have been used to recover between 57 and 88% of dissolved methane from Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor effluent at concentrations of greater than 30% and oxidize the rest for a 99% removal of total dissolved methane. They can also remove 90% of suspended solids and COD in UASB effluents and produce a high quality effluent. In situ degassing can increase process stability, COD removal, biomass retention, and headspace methane concentrations. A model for estimating energy consumption associated with membrane-based dissolved methane recovery predicts that recovered dissolved and headspace methane may provide all the energy required for operation of an anaerobic system treating DWW at psychrophilic temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Crone
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA; Department of Biomedical Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210012, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Jay L Garland
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA.
| | - George A Sorial
- Department of Biomedical Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210012, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Leland M Vane
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA.
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López JC, Porca E, Collins G, Pérez R, Rodríguez-Alija A, Muñoz R, Quijano G. Biogas-based denitrification in a biotrickling filter: Influence of nitrate concentration and hydrogen sulfide. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:665-673. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. López
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology; University of Valladolid; Dr. Mergelina, s/n Valladolid 47011 Spain
- Microbial Communities Laboratory; School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute; National University of Ireland Galway; University Road; Galway H91 TK33 Ireland
| | - Estefanía Porca
- Microbial Communities Laboratory; School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute; National University of Ireland Galway; University Road; Galway H91 TK33 Ireland
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbial Communities Laboratory; School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute; National University of Ireland Galway; University Road; Galway H91 TK33 Ireland
| | - Rebeca Pérez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology; University of Valladolid; Dr. Mergelina, s/n Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Alberto Rodríguez-Alija
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology; University of Valladolid; Dr. Mergelina, s/n Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Raúl Muñoz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology; University of Valladolid; Dr. Mergelina, s/n Valladolid 47011 Spain
| | - Guillermo Quijano
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology; University of Valladolid; Dr. Mergelina, s/n Valladolid 47011 Spain
- Laboratory for Research on Advanced Processes for Wastewater Treatment - Engineering Institute, Juriquilla Academic Unit; National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM); Blvd. Juriquilla 3001 Querétaro 76230 Mexico
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Rosa AP, Conesa JA, Fullana A, Melo GCB, Borges JM, Chernicharo CAL. Energy potential and alternative usages of biogas and sludge from UASB reactors: case study of the Laboreaux wastewater treatment plant. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:1680-1690. [PMID: 27054741 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This work assessed the energy potential and alternative usages of biogas and sludge generated in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors at the Laboreaux sewage treatment plant (STP), Brazil. Two scenarios were considered: (i) priority use of biogas for the thermal drying of dehydrated sludge and the use of the excess biogas for electricity generation in an ICE (internal combustion engine); and (ii) priority use of biogas for electricity generation and the use of the heat of the engine exhaust gases for the thermal drying of the sludge. Scenario 1 showed that the electricity generated is able to supply 22.2% of the STP power demand, but the thermal drying process enables a greater reduction or even elimination of the final volume of sludge to be disposed. In Scenario 2, the electricity generated is able to supply 57.6% of the STP power demand; however, the heat in the exhaust gases is not enough to dry the total amount of dehydrated sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Rosa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa MG 36570-000, Brazil E-mail: ;
| | - J A Conesa
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, Alicante 03080, Spain
| | - A Fullana
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, Alicante 03080, Spain
| | - G C B Melo
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6.627-Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - J M Borges
- Serviço Autônomo de Água e Esgoto (SAAE), R. Nossa Sra. do Carmo, 148, Itabira, MG 35900-046, Brazil
| | - C A L Chernicharo
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6.627-Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
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Cardinali-Rezende J, Araújo JC, Almeida PGS, Chernicharo CAL, Sanz JL, Chartone-Souza E, Nascimento AMA. Organic loading rate and food-to-microorganism ratio shape prokaryotic diversity in a demo-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating domestic wastewater. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2013; 104:993-1003. [PMID: 24000090 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-013-0018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the microbial community in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating domestic wastewater (DW) during two different periods of organic loading rate (OLR) and food-to-microorganism (F/M) ratio. 16S rDNA clone libraries were generated, and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analyses were performed. Fluctuations in the OLR and F/M ratio affected the abundance and the composition of the UASB prokaryotic community, mainly at the species level, as well as the performance of the UASB reactor. The qPCR analysis suggested that there was a decrease in the bacterial cell number during the rainy season, when the OLR and F/M ratio were lower. However, the bacterial diversity was higher during this time, suggesting that the community degraded more diversified substrates. The diversity and the abundance of the archaeal community were higher when the F/M ratio was lower. Shifts in the methanogenic community composition might have influenced the route of methane production, with methane produced by acetotrophic methanogens (dry season), and by hydrogenotrophic, methylotrophic and acetotrophic methanogens (rainy season). This study revealed higher levels of bacterial diversity, metabolic specialization and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of the DW UASB reactor during the rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cardinali-Rezende
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
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