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Prediction and Potential Treatment of Underground Contaminated Water Based on Monitoring of pH and Salinity in a Coal Mine Waste Heap, Southern Poland. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a potential treatment method for contaminated groundwater from a waste heap in southern Poland. The method is based on the continuous monitoring of two parameters: pH and electrical conductivity (EC). Four years of historical monitoring data (2007–2010) were modeled using a Visual MODFLOW based numerical model of groundwater flow and migration of pollutants for low and high precipitation periods. Mapping the natural conditions in the numerical model allowed for the direction of contaminant migration in the aquifer to be identified. Groundwater treatment via injection of a nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) suspension into the aquifer was then designed; the target contaminant was Zn(II) because of its high concentrations and relatively high toxicity. Online monitoring for mining waste heaps is proposed to record sudden outflows of contaminants into the groundwater related to climate change and to take remedial action via nZVI injection. EC is the variable to be introduced into the contaminant migration model, which allows to determine the nZVI injection locations. As a result, the aquatic environment would be effectively and economically protected. The optimal use of nZVI, without intensively interfering with the environment, is ensured. This method is a convenient tool when making decisions to treat mining-impacted groundwater.
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Villasana Y, Moradi N, Navas‐Cárdenas C, Patience GS. Experimental methods in chemical engineering:
pH. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanet Villasana
- Biomass Laboratory, Biomass to Resources Group, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM 150150 Tena Ecuador
| | - Nooshin Moradi
- Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. “CV”, Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Carlos Navas‐Cárdenas
- Biomass Laboratory, Biomass to Resources Group, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM 150150 Tena Ecuador
- School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Universidad Yachay Tech Urcuquí Ecuador
| | - Gregory S. Patience
- Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. “CV”, Montréal Québec Canada
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Grande JA, Loayza-Muro R, Alonso-Chaves FM, Fortes JC, Willems B, Sarmiento AM, Santisteban M, Dávila JM, de la Torre ML, Durães N, Diaz-Curiel J, Luís AT. The Negro River (Ancash-Peru): A unique case of water pollution, three environmental scenarios and an unresolved issue. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 648:398-407. [PMID: 30121039 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper is focused on the hydrogeochemical characterization of the Negro River along its course, as well as in the proposal of a functioning model for the contamination processes in order to establish potential cause-effect relationships between water quality, geology (ARD), mining activities (AMD) and the tectonic framework as transmission vector of acidity, metals and sulphates. The scenario shows a heavily-contaminated river compared to the unaffected regional background. By graphical and statistical treatments of physico-chemical data of Negro River and the unaffected values of regional background and other AMD/ARD representative rivers' it is possible to conclude that Antamina Mine, is not the cause of the Negro River contamination, without the need of isotopic tracers, but just through the inexistent concentrations of Cu, Bi and Mo found in the waters. In the proposed contamination model, climatic factors (glacial retreat) activate geological (ARD) processes. The tectonic scenario (faults) intervenes as a transport medium of the contamination flux from the sulphide oxidation surface in upper altitudes until the spring in lower altitudes. At the end, it is concluded that this contamination comes from the recent glacial retreat in areas near the Cordillera Blanca that has left massive amounts of sulphide materials exposed to weathering conditions, oxidizing naturally (ARD processes) and finally contributing to the contamination of the Negro River through faults. In this case, we would face an ARD process in the strict sense, which is the direct oxidation of sulphides outcropping in the upper part of the mountain with the generation of sulphates, the release of hydrogen ions and the consequent generation of acid and the dissolution of the metals. This ARD process would come from the glacial retreat, which, through the faults, transports contaminated water until the spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Grande
- Departamento de Agua, Minería y Medioambiente, Centro Científico Tecnológico de Huelva, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Ingeniería Minera Sostenible, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Mecánica, Energ. y Const. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - R Loayza-Muro
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Honorio Delgado 430, Lima 31, Peru
| | - F M Alonso-Chaves
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - J C Fortes
- Departamento de Agua, Minería y Medioambiente, Centro Científico Tecnológico de Huelva, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Ingeniería Minera Sostenible, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Mecánica, Energ. y Const. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - B Willems
- Programa Agua-Andes, Centro de Competencias del Agua, Jr. Fco. Bolognesi 150 A-303, San Miguel, Lima, Peru; Instituto Regional para la Seguridad Hídrica - Alimentaria - Energética (ir-NEXUS), Universidad Nacional San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru
| | - A M Sarmiento
- Departamento de Agua, Minería y Medioambiente, Centro Científico Tecnológico de Huelva, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Ingeniería Minera Sostenible, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Mecánica, Energ. y Const. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - M Santisteban
- Departamento de Agua, Minería y Medioambiente, Centro Científico Tecnológico de Huelva, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Ingeniería Minera Sostenible, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Mecánica, Energ. y Const. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - J M Dávila
- Departamento de Agua, Minería y Medioambiente, Centro Científico Tecnológico de Huelva, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Ingeniería Minera Sostenible, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Mecánica, Energ. y Const. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - M L de la Torre
- Departamento de Agua, Minería y Medioambiente, Centro Científico Tecnológico de Huelva, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; Grupo de Investigación Ingeniería Minera Sostenible, Departamento de Ingeniería Minera, Mecánica, Energ. y Const. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - N Durães
- GeoBioTec Research Unit - Department of Geosciences, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J Diaz-Curiel
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas, Ríos Rosas 21, Madrid, Spain
| | - A T Luís
- GeoBioTec Research Unit - Department of Geosciences, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM Associated Lab - Department of Biology, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Çelebi EE, Öncel MS, Kobya M. Acid production potentials of massive sulfide minerals and lead-zinc mine tailings: a medium-term study. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:260-268. [PMID: 29339625 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Weathering of sulfide minerals is a principal source of acid generation. To determine acid-forming potentials of sulfide-bearing materials, two basic approaches named static and kinetic tests are available. Static tests are short-term, and easily undertaken within a few days and in a laboratory. In contrast, kinetic tests are long-term procedures and mostly carried out on site. In this study, experiments were conducted over a medium-term period of 2 months, not as short as static tests and also not as long as kinetic tests. As a result, pH and electrical conductivity oscillations as a function of time, acid-forming potentials and elemental contents of synthetically prepared rainwater leachates of massive sulfides and sulfide-bearing lead-zinc tailings from abandoned and currently used deposition areas have been determined. Although the lowest final pH of 2.70 was obtained in massive pyrite leachate, massive chalcopyrite leachate showed the highest titrable acidity of 1.764 g H2SO4/L. On the other hand, a composite of currently deposited mine tailings showed no acidic characteristic with a final pH of 7.77. The composite abandoned mine tailing leachate had a final pH of 6.70, close to the final pH of massive galena and sphalerite leachates, and produced a slight titrable acidity of 0.130 g H2SO4/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Ender Çelebi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Mehmet Salim Öncel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Mehmet Kobya
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey E-mail:
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