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Laouameur K, Flilissa A, Lemaoui CE, Ferkous H, Benguerba Y. Study of the effect of current intensity on the structural performance of electrogenerated mesoporous aluminum phosphate: application for adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:27510-27524. [PMID: 36385339 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To keep up with the development of contaminants in the water supply, it is required to create new adsorbents or improve current ones. The adsorption capacity of AlPO4 electrocoagulated with varying current intensities was examined. AlPO4 was produced by electrolysis in a NaCl solution using aluminum electrodes and a 0.1 M phosphate buffer at varying current intensities. Current efficiency was enhanced. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the adsorbents (FTIR). The specific surface area was estimated by the quantity of methylene blue adsorbed by particles in an aqueous solution. Numerous operating factors must be addressed, including pH, starting concentration, adsorbent dose, and contact duration. The electrostatic interaction between positively charged MB molecules and negatively charged adsorbents drives adsorption at alkaline pH. When describing equilibrium adsorption, the Langmuir model is more accurate. Modeling using an adsorption isotherm may further improve the predicted specific surface area. At 0.2 amperes, the observed specific surface area was 2.86 m2/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Laouameur
- Laboratoire Des Maladies Cardiovasculaires Génétiques Et Nutritionnelles, Faculté de Médecine Département de Pharmacie, Ferhat ABBAS University of Setif-1, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Abdenacer Flilissa
- Laboratoire Des Maladies Cardiovasculaires Génétiques Et Nutritionnelles, Faculté de Médecine Département de Pharmacie, Ferhat ABBAS University of Setif-1, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Charaf Eddine Lemaoui
- Laboratoire Des Maladies Cardiovasculaires Génétiques Et Nutritionnelles, Faculté de Médecine Département de Pharmacie, Ferhat ABBAS University of Setif-1, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Hana Ferkous
- Laboratoire de Génie Mécanique Et Matériaux, Faculté de Technologie, Université de 20 Août 1955, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
- Département de Technologie, Université 20 août 1955 de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif, Algeria.
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Das PP, Sharma M, Purkait MK. Recent progress on electrocoagulation process for wastewater treatment: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shokri A, Fard MS. A critical review in electrocoagulation technology applied for oil removal in industrial wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132355. [PMID: 34582927 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
EC process, which stands for Electrocoagulation, is considered a widespread wastewater remediation method that is investigated widely for an extensive variety of wastewater resources, based on its flexibility, easy setup, eco-friendly nature, and low footprint. The critical operative factors in the EC process and the crucial relation between EC and the typical chemical coagulation approach had been thoroughly evaluated because they are the main variables that govern the process of contaminant elimination. As a result, the EC process requires further investigations for scale-up simulations in the manufacturing scopes and optimization of operational parameters. Furthermore, the current paper studies the novel integrated separation methods with the combined EC process and also their limitations for improved wastewater remediation process for cleaner wastes, recycling processes, and water recovery. In this paper, the EC enhancement processes toward oil removal from wastewater have been reviewed which includes a concise representation of the source and features of oily wastewater. Additionally, the advanced remediation methods for oil-contained wastewater and the electrocoagulation process are presented. This review summarized the present utilization of electrocoagulation to eliminate oil from wastewater. Besides the process optimization and modeling investigations, the parameters that significantly affect the electrocoagulation remediation effectiveness are evaluated. Finally, the cutting-edge and sophisticated methods of electrocoagulation process for oil removal are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shokri
- Jundi-Shapur Research Institute, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Sanavi Fard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tafresh University, Tafresh, Iran
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Akarsu C, Bilici Z, Dizge N. Treatment of vegetable oil wastewater by a conventional activated sludge process coupled with electrocoagulation process. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10692. [PMID: 35187750 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present work aims to study chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil-grease, and color removal from vegetable oil wastewater by combined electrocoagulation and activated sludge processes. For this purpose, the sample was pretreated using electrocoagulation by various optimization parameters such as electrode type (Al-Al and Fe-Fe), current density (100-400 A/m2 ), pH (2-8), and electrolysis time (15-180 min). The results showed that 89.3% of COD, 100% of oil-grease, and 66.2% of color were removed by electrocoagulation under the conditions of 300-A/m2 current density, pH 2, and 180-min reaction time with Al-Al electrode pairs. Then, the effluent of electrocoagulation was treated by an activated sludge process. The results depicted that the activated sludge process was also effective for vegetable oil wastewater treatment and it enhanced 98.9% COD and 79.2% color removal efficiency. The effluent of the combined process was very clear, and its quality exceeded the direct discharge standard of the water pollution control regulation. The laboratory-scale test results indicate that the combined electrocoagulation and activated sludge process is feasible for the treatment of vegetable oil wastewater. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Vegetable oil wastewater was treated by combination of electrocoagulation and activated sludge processes. The combined electrocoagulation and activated sludge processes supplied 99.9% COD, 100% oil-grease, and 93.0% color removal efficiency. The laboratory-scale test results indicate that the combined EC-SBR processes were feasible for the treatment of vegetable oil wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhun Akarsu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Bilici
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Laurio MVO, Yenkie KM, Slater CS. Optimization of vibratory nanofiltration for sustainable coffee extract concentration via response surface methodology. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1879858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirti M. Yenkie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - C. Stewart Slater
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
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Güneş E, Gönder ZB. Evaluation of the hybrid system combining electrocoagulation, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis for biologically treated textile effluent: Treatment efficiency and membrane fouling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 294:113042. [PMID: 34126531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of the hybrid electrocoagulation-nanofiltration-reverse osmosis (EC-NF-RO) system for the treatment of biologically treated textile effluent was investigated. The treatment performances and membrane fouling behaviours of nanofiltration (NF) and hybrid EC-NF systems were compared. EC process was evaluated concerning mitigate the membrane fouling and increasing the removal efficiencies. Besides, the treated wastewater with the hybrid EC-NF process was finally processed using RO process for reuse purpose in the textile industry. The EC treatment was applied using Fe and Al electrodes at various conditions; pH:4-10, current density:0.5-17 mA/cm2 and operating time:30-180 min. Fe electrode showed better performance in terms of higher removal efficiencies (76% COD, 96% DFZ436), lower energy (21.1 kWh/m3) and electrode consumptions (3.7 kg/m3) for the optimum conditions. Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Index (ESEM-EDX) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were carried out for EC sludge samples obtained with Fe and Al electrodes. Desal 5 DL and NF 270 membranes were tested in terms of removal efficiency and membrane fouling for NF and hybrid EC-NF process of textile wastewater. Membrane fouling was evaluated with flux values, resistance-in-series model results as well as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), FTIR and contact angle measurements. NF 270 membrane achieved better chloride (28%) and conductivity (41%) removal efficiencies for NF treatment. EC pretreatment did not result in any noticeable improvement in rejections except for chloride (48%) and conductivity (59%) for the hybrid EC-NF process with NF 270. The ratios of Rc decreased to 40% for NF 270 and 42% for Desal 5DL after EC pretreatment. NF270 membrane indicated high permeate flux and low membrane fouling considering cake resistance distribution, surface roughness, hydrophilicity and chemical structure variation. >93% COD, 99% conductivity, 97% chloride, and 91% TDS removal efficiencies were obtained with the hybrid EC-NF-RO process. Finally, the obtained high quality water by RO after the EC + NF 270 hybrid process could be used for all textile finishing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Güneş
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Avcilar Campus, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Z Beril Gönder
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Avcilar Campus, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Akarsu C, Deveci EÜ, Gönen Ç, Madenli Ö. Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater by electrocoagulation and electroflotation as a combined process: process optimization through response surface methodology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34473-34488. [PMID: 33651288 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of water with organic compounds has become an increasing concern in today's world. The cost-effective and sustainable treatment of industrial wastewaters is a major challenge. Advanced treatment techniques such as electrocoagulation-electroflotation offer economic and reliable solutions for the treatment of industrial wastewater. In this study, the electrocoagulation-electroflotation method was investigated for the simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and color via response surface methodology. Factors such as electrode combination (Fe and Al), current density (10-20 mA/cm2), pH (3.0-9.0), and electrode distance (1-3 cm) were investigated in the treatment of wastewater to obtain maximum treatment efficiency. It was determined that chemical oxygen demand, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, and color removal reached up to 94.0%, 77.5%, 97.0%, and 99.0%, respectively. Treatment costs were found as $0.71 with the Al-Fe electrode combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceyhun Akarsu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mersin University, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Ece Ümmü Deveci
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Gönen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Özgecan Madenli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240, Niğde, Turkey
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Kumari S, Kumar RN. River water treatment using electrocoagulation for removal of acetaminophen and natural organic matter. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:128571. [PMID: 33268098 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrocoagulation (EC) was assessed for removal of acetaminophen and natural organic matter (measured as UV254) from river water. Process was assessed for time, electrode materials, inter electrode distance, and voltage. Best conditions for removal of acetaminophen and UV254 absorbance were 60 min reaction time, aluminum-aluminum electrodes, 2 cm inter electrode distance, and 9 V. Acetaminophen tested at 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 mg L-1 showed that treatment efficiency decreased as the concentration increased. The main mechanism for removal of acetaminophen was H bonding with Al(OH)3 flocs; this was confirmed by XRD and FT-IR spectrum. Pseudo-second order kinetics model exhibited a good fit on experimental data for acetaminophen removal at different concentrations. Univariate ANOVA indicated statistically significant difference between treatments for acetaminophen removal (F2.76 = 136, P = <0.001). A significant linear correlation was found between UV254 absorbance and acetaminophen removal at different concentrations. Preliminary analysis suggest that EC will cost US$ 0.22/m3 for river water treatment. The lab-scale EC process was compared with a full-scale water treatment plant for removal of natural organic matter. Water treatment plant after multiple levels of purification was not able to fully remove UV254 absorbance whereas EC treatment showed good efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Kumari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - R Naresh Kumar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India.
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Shen Y, Yao J, Son J, Zhu Z, Yu XY. Liquid ToF-SIMS revealing the oil, water, and surfactant interface evolution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11771-11782. [PMID: 32227050 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00528b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bilge water from ships is regarded as a major pollutant in the marine environment. Bilge water exists in a stable oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion form. However, little is known about the O/W liquid-liquid (l-l) interface. Traditional bulk characterization approaches are not capable of capturing the chemical changes at the O/W l-l interface. Although surfactants are deemed essential in droplet formation, their roles in bilge water stabilization have not been fully revealed. We have utilized novel in situ chemical imaging tools including in situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in situ time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to study the evolving O/W interface using a NAVY bilge model for the first time. The droplet size distribution (DSD) does not change significantly without the addition of X-100 surfactants under static or rocking conditions. Both the oil components and the water clusters are shown to evolve over time at the O/W droplet interface by in situ liquid SIMS imaging. Of particular interest to droplet stabilization, the contribution of surfactants to the aged bilge droplets becomes more significant as the droplet size increases. The higher mass surfactant component does not appear on the droplet surface immediately while many lower mass surfactants are solvated inside the droplet. We have provided the first three-dimensional images of the evolving O/W interface and demonstrated that in situ surface chemical mapping is powerful enough to reveal the complex and dynamic l-l interface in the liquid state. Our observational insights suggest that surfactants are important in mediating droplet growth and facilitating effective separation of bilge water emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Shen
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Jenn Yao
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Jiyoung Son
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Xiao-Ying Yu
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
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Abstract
Oily wastewater from shipping waste and marine accidents have seriously polluted the marine environment and brought great harm to human production and health. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the treatment of marine oily wastewater has attracted extensive attention from the international community. Marine oily wastewater has various forms and complex components, so its treatment technology faces great challenges. Sources, types, supervision, and treatment of marine oily wastewater are introduced in this paper. The research progress of marine and ship’s oily wastewater treatment technologies in recent years are reviewed from the perspectives of physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment, and combined treatment, respectively. Principles and characteristics of all kinds of technologies were analyzed. In addition, this paper shows that multiple processing technologies used in combination for the purpose of high efficiency, environmental protection, economy, and energy conservation are the future development trend.
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Kullappan M, Chaudhury MK. Extraction of Organic-Free Water from Detergent Stabilized Emulsion. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Enhancing treatability of tannery wastewater by integrated process of electrocoagulation and fungal via using RSM in an economic perspective. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Deniz F, Akarsu C. Operating Cost and Treatment of Boron from Aqueous Solutions by Electrocoagulation in Low Concentration. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2018; 2:1800011. [PMID: 31565336 PMCID: PMC6607143 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201800011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the optimum parameters of electrocoagulation process in treatment of boron in low concentrations. Especially, studies on electrode optimization in low boron concentrated waters are insufficient. Therefore, the effect of electrode combination (Al-Al, Al-Fe, Al-SS, Fe-Al, Fe-Fe, and Fe-SS), pH (5-9), current density (8-24 mA cm-2), distance (1-3 cm), and electrolysis time (10-90 min) on treatment of boron containing wastewater is studied to obtain maximum removal efficiency. The maximum removal efficiency of boron is obtained as 95.6%. Operation conditions for maximum removal are the electrode combination of Fe-Al, current density of 16 mA cm-2, pH 7.0, concentration of 30 mg L-1 and the reaction time of 70 min. Operating cost of the electrocoagulation process is calculated as 2.35 $ m-3. This study indicates that the electrocoagulation process can be successfully applied in order to treat boron-polluted wastewaters at low initial concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Deniz
- Department of Environmental EngineeringEngineering FacultyMersin University33343MersinTurkey
| | - Ceyhun Akarsu
- Department of Environmental EngineeringEngineering FacultyMersin University33343MersinTurkey
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Rasouli Y, Abbasi M, Hashemifard SA. Oily wastewater treatment by adsorption-membrane filtration hybrid process using powdered activated carbon, natural zeolite powder and low cost ceramic membranes. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:895-908. [PMID: 28799936 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this research, four types of low cost and high performance ceramic microfiltration (MF) membranes have been employed in an in-line adsorption-MF process for oily wastewater treatment. Mullite, mullite-alumina, mullite-alumina-zeolite and mullite-zeolite membranes were fabricated as ceramic MF membranes by low cost kaolin clay, natural zeolite and α-alumina powder. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) and natural zeolite powder in concentrations of 100-800 mg L-1 were used as adsorbent agent in the in-line adsorption-MF process. Performance of the hybrid adsorption-MF process for each concentration of PAC and natural zeolite powder was investigated by comparing quantity of permeation flux (PF) and total organic carbon (TOC) rejection during oily wastewater treatment. Results showed that by application of 400 mg L-1 PAC in the adsorption-MF process with mullite and mullite-alumina membranes, TOC rejection was enhanced up to 99.5% in comparison to the MF only process. An increasing trend was observed in PF by application of 100-800 mg L-1 PAC. Also, results demonstrated that the adsorption-MF process with natural zeolite powder has higher performance in comparison to the MF process for all membranes except mullite-alumina membranes in terms of PF. In fact, significant enhancement of PF and TOC rejection up to 99.9% were achieved by employing natural zeolite powder in the in-line adsorption-MF hybrid process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Rasouli
- Sustainable Membrane Technology Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, P.O. Box 75169-13798, Bushehr, Iran E-mail:
| | - Mohsen Abbasi
- Sustainable Membrane Technology Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, P.O. Box 75169-13798, Bushehr, Iran E-mail:
| | - Seyed Abdollatif Hashemifard
- Sustainable Membrane Technology Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, P.O. Box 75169-13798, Bushehr, Iran E-mail:
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Guvenc SY, Okut Y, Ozak M, Haktanir B, Bilgili MS. Process optimization via response surface methodology in the treatment of metal working industry wastewater with electrocoagulation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:833-846. [PMID: 28234284 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, process parameters in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity removal from metal working industry (MWI) wastewater were optimized by electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum, iron and steel electrodes. The effects of process variables on COD and turbidity were investigated by developing a mathematical model using central composite design method, which is one of the response surface methodologies. Variance analysis was conducted to identify the interaction between process variables and model responses and the optimum conditions for the COD and turbidity removal. Second-order regression models were developed via the Statgraphics Centurion XVI.I software program to predict COD and turbidity removal efficiencies. Under the optimum conditions, removal efficiencies obtained from aluminum electrodes were found to be 76.72% for COD and 99.97% for turbidity, while the removal efficiencies obtained from iron electrodes were found to be 76.55% for COD and 99.9% for turbidity and the removal efficiencies obtained from steel electrodes were found to be 65.75% for COD and 99.25% for turbidity. Operational costs at optimum conditions were found to be 4.83, 1.91 and 2.91 €/m3 for aluminum, iron and steel electrodes, respectively. Iron electrode was found to be more suitable for MWI wastewater treatment in terms of operational cost and treatment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senem Yazici Guvenc
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul 34339, Turkey E-mail: ;
| | - Yusuf Okut
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul 34339, Turkey E-mail: ;
| | - Mert Ozak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul 34339, Turkey E-mail: ;
| | - Birsu Haktanir
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul 34339, Turkey E-mail: ;
| | - Mehmet Sinan Bilgili
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, Esenler, Istanbul 34339, Turkey E-mail: ;
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