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Yang M, He Y, Ni Q, Zhou M, Chen H, Li G, Yu J, Wu X, Zhang X. Polyphenolic Nanomedicine Regulating Mitochondria REDOX for Innovative Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:972. [PMID: 39204317 PMCID: PMC11359087 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16080972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a highly lethal disease globally. The approach centered on REDOX-targeted mitochondrial therapy for cancer has displayed notable benefits. Plant polyphenols exhibit strong REDOX and anticancer properties, particularly by affecting mitochondrial function, yet their structural instability and low bioavailability hinder their utility. To overcome this challenge, researchers have utilized the inherent physical and chemical characteristics of polyphenols and their derivatives to develop innovative nanomedicines for targeting mitochondria. This review examines the construction strategies and anticancer properties of various types of polyphenol-based biological nanomedicine for regulating mitochondria in recent years, such as polyphenol self-assembly, metal-phenol network, polyphenol-protein, polyphenol-hydrogel, polyphenol-chitosan, and polyphenol-liposome. These polyphenolic nanomedicines incorporate enhanced features such as improved solubility, efficient photothermal conversion capability, regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis, and ion adsorption through diverse construction strategies. The focus is on how these polyphenol nanomedicines promote ROS production and their mechanism of targeting mitochondria to inhibit cancer. Furthermore, it delves into the benefits and applications of polyphenolic nanomedicine in cancer treatments, as well as the challenges for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchuan Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (M.Y.); (Y.H.); (M.Z.); (H.C.); (G.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yufeng He
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (M.Y.); (Y.H.); (M.Z.); (H.C.); (G.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Qingqing Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China;
| | - Mengxue Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (M.Y.); (Y.H.); (M.Z.); (H.C.); (G.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Hongping Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (M.Y.); (Y.H.); (M.Z.); (H.C.); (G.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Guangyun Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (M.Y.); (Y.H.); (M.Z.); (H.C.); (G.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jizhong Yu
- Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Ximing Wu
- Anhui Province Green Food Collaborative Technology Service Center for Rural Revitalization, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiangchun Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; (M.Y.); (Y.H.); (M.Z.); (H.C.); (G.L.); (X.Z.)
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Ramadan WS, Saber-Ayad MM, Saleh E, Abdu-Allah HH, El-Shorbagi ANA, Menon V, Tarazi H, Semreen MH, Soares NC, Hafezi S, Venkatakhalam T, Ahmed S, Kanie O, Hamoudi R, El-Awady R. Design, synthesis and mechanistic anticancer activity of new acetylated 5-aminosalicylate-thiazolinone hybrid derivatives. iScience 2024; 27:108659. [PMID: 38235331 PMCID: PMC10792193 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of hybrid compounds has been widely considered as a promising strategy to circumvent the difficulties that emerge in cancer treatment. The well-established strategy of adding acetyl groups to certain drugs has been demonstrated to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Based on our previous work, an approach of accommodating two chemical entities into a single structure was implemented to synthesize new acetylated hybrids (HH32 and HH33) from 5-aminosalicylic acid and 4-thiazolinone derivatives. These acetylated hybrids showed potential anticancer activities and distinct metabolomic profile with antiproliferative properties. The in-silico molecular docking predicts a strong binding of HH32 and HH33 to cell cycle regulators, and transcriptomic analysis revealed DNA repair and cell cycle as the main targets of HH33 compounds. These findings were validated using in vitro models. In conclusion, the pleiotropic biological effects of HH32 and HH33 compounds on cancer cells demonstrated a new avenue to develop more potent cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maha M. Saber-Ayad
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | | | - Abdel-nasser A. El-Shorbagi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 16122, Egypt
| | - Varsha Menon
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamadeh Tarazi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shirin Hafezi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thenmozhi Venkatakhalam
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samrein Ahmed
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biosciences and Chemistry, College of Health, Wellbeing and Life sciences, University of Sheffield Hallam, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Osamu Kanie
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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3
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Amorim R, Magalhães CC, Benfeito S, Cagide F, Tavares LC, Santos K, Sardão VA, Datta S, Cortopassi GA, Baldeiras I, Jones JG, Borges F, Oliveira PJ, Teixeira J. Mitochondria dysfunction induced by decyl-TPP mitochondriotropic antioxidant based on caffeic acid AntiOxCIN 6 sensitizes cisplatin lung anticancer therapy due to a remodeling of energy metabolism. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115953. [PMID: 38036191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacological interest in mitochondria is very relevant since these crucial organelles are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, such as cancer. In order to modulate cellular redox/oxidative balance and enhance mitochondrial function, numerous polyphenolic derivatives targeting mitochondria have been developed. Still, due to the drug resistance emergence in several cancer therapies, significant efforts are being made to develop drugs that combine the induction of mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming with the ability to generate reactive oxygen species, taking into consideration the varying metabolic profiles of different cell types. We previously developed a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (AntiOxCIN6) by linking caffeic acid to lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cation through a 10-carbon aliphatic chain. The antioxidant activity of AntiOxCIN6 has been documented but how the mitochondriotropic compound impact energy metabolism of both normal and cancer cells remains unknown. We demonstrated that AntiOxCIN6 increased antioxidant defense system in HepG2 cells, although ROS clearance was ineffective. Consequently, AntiOxCIN6 significantly decreased mitochondrial function and morphology, culminating in a decreased capacity in complex I-driven ATP production without affecting cell viability. These alterations were accompanied by an increase in glycolytic fluxes. Additionally, we demonstrate that AntiOxCIN6 sensitized A549 adenocarcinoma cells for CIS-induced apoptotic cell death, while AntiOxCIN6 appears to cause metabolic changes or a redox pre-conditioning on lung MRC-5 fibroblasts, conferring protection against cisplatin. We propose that length and hydrophobicity of the C10-TPP+ alkyl linker play a significant role in inducing mitochondrial and cellular toxicity, while the presence of the antioxidant caffeic acid appears to be responsible for activating cytoprotective pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Amorim
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina C Magalhães
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ludgero C Tavares
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIVG - Vasco da Gama Research Center, University School Vasco da Gama - EUVG, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Katia Santos
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Ageing (MIA), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandipan Datta
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Gino A Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - John G Jones
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC/UC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotecnhology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Patil AS, Ibrahim MK, Sathaye S, Degani MS, Pal D, Checker R, Sharma D, Sandur SK. Mitochondriotropic Derivative of Ethyl Ferulate, a Dietary Phenylpropanoid, Exhibits Enhanced Cytotoxicity in Cancer Cells via Mitochondrial Superoxide-Mediated Activation of JNK and AKT Signalling. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:2057-2076. [PMID: 36409426 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Specific targeting of anti-cancer drugs to mitochondria is an emerging strategy to enhance cancer cell killing whilst simultaneously overcoming the problem of drug resistance, low bioavailability and limited clinical success of natural products. We have synthesized a mitochondria targeted derivative of Ethyl Ferulate (EF, a naturally occurring ester of ferulic acid), by conjugating it with triphenylphosphonium ion and compared its cytotoxicity with the parent molecule. Mito-Ethyl Ferulate (M-EF) was found to be more potent than EF (~ 400-fold) in inhibiting the growth of A549 and MCF-7 cells and suppressing the clonogenic potential of A549 cells. Notably, M-EF did not induce any cytotoxicity in normal cells (mouse normal fibroblast cells) up to a concentration of 25 μM. Furthermore, M-EF treatment induced significantly higher cell death in MCF-7 and A549 cells, as compared to EF via induction of apoptosis. M-EF treatment increased mitochondrial superoxide production and induced mitochondrial DNA damage and phosphorylation of JNK and AKT in A549 cells. Furthermore, M-EF induced increase in mitochondrial superoxide production and cytotoxicity was attenuated on pre-treatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (mitoTEMPO) indicating the involvement of mitochondrial ROS in the cytotoxic effects of M-EF. Finally, in silico prediction revealed putative mitochondrial targets of M-EF which are known to regulate mitochondrial ROS and cell viability. In conclusion, the improved cytotoxic efficacy of M-EF exemplifies the use of mitochondria-specific drug delivery in future development of natural product based mitochondrial pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani S Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Dr D Y Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, India
| | - Mahin K Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Sadhana Sathaye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India.
| | - Mariam S Degani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India.
| | - Debojyoti Pal
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Rahul Checker
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Santosh K Sandur
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
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Mitochondria-Targeted Curcumin: A Potent Antibacterial Agent against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a Possible Intracellular ROS Accumulation as the Mechanism of Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020401. [PMID: 36830311 PMCID: PMC9952693 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitocurcumin (a triphenylphosphonium curcumin derivative) was previously reported as a selective antitumoral compound on different cellular lines, as well as a potent bactericidal candidate. In this study, the same compound showed strong antimicrobial efficacy against different strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The minimum inhibitory concentration was identical for all tested strains (four strains of MRSA and one strain of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus), suggesting a new mechanism of action compared with usual antibacterial agents. All tested strains showed a significant sensitivity in the low micromolar range for the curcumin-triphenylphosphonium derivative. This susceptibility was modulated by the menadione/glutathione addition (the addition of glutathione resulted in a significant increase in minimal inhibitory concentration from 1.95 to 3.9 uM, whereas adding menadione resulted in a decrease of 0.49 uM). The fluorescence microscopy showed a better intrabacterial accumulation for the new curcumin-triphenylphosphonium derivative compared with simple curcumin. The MitoTracker staining showed an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for a S. pombe superoxide dismutase deleted model. All results suggest a new mechanism of action which is not influenced by the acquired resistance of MRSA. The most plausible mechanism is reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction after a massive intracellular accumulation of the curcumin-triphenylphosphonium derivative.
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6
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Application Prospects of Triphenylphosphine-Based Mitochondria-Targeted Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030666. [PMID: 36765624 PMCID: PMC9913854 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and the most important impediments to the efforts to increase life expectancy worldwide. Currently, chemotherapy is the main treatment for cancer, but it is often accompanied by side effects that affect normal tissues and organs. The search for new alternatives to chemotherapy has been a hot research topic in the field of antineoplastic medicine. Drugs targeting diseased tissues or cells can significantly improve the efficacy of drugs. Therefore, organelle-targeted antitumor drugs are being explored, such as mitochondria-targeted antitumor drugs. Mitochondria is the central site of cellular energy production and plays an important role in cell survival and death. Moreover, a large number of studies have shown a close association between mitochondrial metabolism and tumorigenesis and progression, making mitochondria a promising new target for cancer therapy. Combining mitochondrial targeting agents with drug molecules is an effective way of mitochondrial targeting. In addition, hyperpolarized tumor cell membranes and mitochondrial membrane potentially allow selective accumulation of mitochondria-targeted drugs. This enhances the direct killing of tumor cells by drug molecules while minimizing the potential toxicity to normal cells. In this review, we discuss the common pro-mitochondrial agents, the advantages of triphenylphosphine (TPP) in mitochondrial-targeted cancer therapy and systematically summarize various TPP-based mitochondria-targeting anticancer drugs.
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Charlton NC, Mastyugin M, Török B, Török M. Structural Features of Small Molecule Antioxidants and Strategic Modifications to Improve Potential Bioactivity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031057. [PMID: 36770724 PMCID: PMC9920158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This review surveys the major structural features in various groups of small molecules that are considered to be antioxidants, including natural and synthetic compounds alike. Recent advances in the strategic modification of known small molecule antioxidants are also described. The highlight is placed on changing major physicochemical parameters, including log p, bond dissociation energy, ionization potential, and others which result in improved antioxidant activity.
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Kubik J, Humeniuk E, Adamczuk G, Madej-Czerwonka B, Korga-Plewko A. Targeting Energy Metabolism in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105572. [PMID: 35628385 PMCID: PMC9146201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases. The development of molecular and biochemical techniques has expanded the knowledge of changes occurring in specific metabolic pathways of cancer cells. Increased aerobic glycolysis, the promotion of anaplerotic responses, and especially the dependence of cells on glutamine and fatty acid metabolism have become subjects of study. Despite many cancer treatment strategies, many patients with neoplastic diseases cannot be completely cured due to the development of resistance in cancer cells to currently used therapeutic approaches. It is now becoming a priority to develop new treatment strategies that are highly effective and have few side effects. In this review, we present the current knowledge of the enzymes involved in the different steps of glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway, and possible targeted therapies. The review also focuses on presenting the differences between cancer cells and normal cells in terms of metabolic phenotype. Knowledge of cancer cell metabolism is constantly evolving, and further research is needed to develop new strategies for anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kubik
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Ewelina Humeniuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-65-20
| | - Grzegorz Adamczuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
| | - Barbara Madej-Czerwonka
- Human Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Korga-Plewko
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (G.A.); (A.K.-P.)
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The Effects of Acyl Chain Length on Antioxidant Efficacy of Mono- and Multi-Acylated Resveratrol: A Comparative Assessment. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031001. [PMID: 35164266 PMCID: PMC8839368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acylated derivatives of the dietary phenolic, resveratrol, were prepared via enzymatic and chemical transesterification modification with selected vinyl fatty acids to expand the potential application of resveratrol and its acylated derivatives in functional supplement, cosmetic/skincare, and pharmaceutical fields. The acylation was implemented using eight vinyl fatty acids with varying chain lengths (C2:0-C18:0). Eight monoesters enzymatically prepared, eight diesters and four triesters, chemically prepared, were isolated and purified and identified via MS (mass spectra) or/and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The lipophilicity of resveratrol and its acylated derivatives was calculated using ALOGPS 2.1. Compared with related acylated products, resveratrol itself rendered higher antioxidant efficacy in all the antioxidant assays, namely DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and ferrous chelation tests. Within various ester derivatives of resveratrol, short-chain fatty acid mono- and di-substituted resveratrols, especially the resveratrol monoacetate/diacetate, exhibited higher antioxidant efficacy in DPPH and ABTS assays than the rest of resveratrol derivatives, but the medium-chain monoesters of resveratrol, including caproate, caprylate, caprate, and laurate, showed a higher metal ion chelation ability compared to other acylated resveratrols. These results imply that resveratrol derivatives may be used in lipidic media as health-beneficial antioxidants.
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Tsyganov D, Samet AV, Silyanova EA, Ushkarov VI, Varakutin AE, Chernysheva NB, Chuprov-Netochin RN, Khomutov AA, Volkova AS, Leonov SV, Semenova MN, Semenov VV. Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Triphenylphosphonium Derivatives of Natural Allylpolyalkoxybenzenes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3369-3383. [PMID: 35128247 PMCID: PMC8811894 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Derivatives of natural allylpolyalkoxybenzenes conjugated to triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cations by aliphatic linkers of three, six, seven, and eight atoms were synthesized to examine the role of the polyalkoxybenzene pharmacophore, TPP fragment, and linker length in antiproliferative activities. The key synthetic procedures included (i) hydroboration-oxidation of apiol, dillapiol, myristicin, and allyltetramethoxybenzene; (ii) acylation of polyalkoxybenzyl alcohols or amines; and (iii) condensation of polyalkoxybenzaldehydes followed by hydrogenation and cyclopropyl-homoallyl rearrangement. The targeted TPP conjugates as well as the starting allylbenzenes, the corresponding alkylpolyalkoxybenzenes, and the respective alkyl-TPP salts were evaluated for cytotoxicity in a panel of human cancer cell lines using MTT and Click-iT-EdU assays and in a sea urchin embryo model. The linker of three carbon atoms was identified as favorable for selective cancer cell growth inhibition. Although the propyl-TPP salt was cytotoxic at low micromolar concentrations, the introduction of a polyalkoxybenzene moiety significantly potentiated inhibition of both cell growth and de novo DNA synthesis in several human cancer cell lines, HST-116 colon cancer, A375 melanoma, PC-3 prostate cancer, and T-47D breast carcinoma cells, while it failed to produce any developmental abnormalities in the sea urchin embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry
V. Tsyganov
- N.D.
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V. Samet
- N.D.
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eugenia A. Silyanova
- N.D.
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I. Ushkarov
- N.D.
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander E. Varakutin
- N.D.
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia B. Chernysheva
- N.D.
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Roman N. Chuprov-Netochin
- School
of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow
Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A. Khomutov
- School
of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow
Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russian Federation
| | - Anna S. Volkova
- School
of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow
Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V. Leonov
- School
of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow
Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russian Federation
| | - Marina N. Semenova
- N.
K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 26 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Victor V. Semenov
- N.D.
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
- . Tel.: +7 (499) 135-6343. Fax: +7 (499) 137-2966
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Evidence of a dual mechanism of action underlying the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of ammonium-alkyloxy-stilbene-based α7- and α9-nicotinic ligands on glioblastoma cells. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105959. [PMID: 34756924 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs), the most frequent brain tumours, are highly invasive and their prognosis is still poor despite the use of combination treatment. MG624 is a 4-oxystilbene derivative that is active on α7- and α9-containing neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes. Hybridisation of MG624 with a non-nicotinic resveratrol-derived pro-oxidant mitocan has led to two novel compounds (StN-4 and StN-8) that are more potent than MG624 in reducing the viability of GBM cells, but less potent in reducing the viability of mouse astrocytes. Functional analysis of their activity on α7 receptors showed that StN-4 is a silent agonist, whereas StN-8 is a full antagonist, and neither alters intracellular [Ca2+] levels when acutely applied to U87MG cells. After 72 h of exposure, both compounds decreased U87MG cell proliferation, and pAKT and oxphos ATP levels, but only StN-4 led to a significant accumulation of cells in phase G1/G0 and increased apoptosis. One hour of exposure to either compound also decreased the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ATP production of U87MG cells, and this was not paralleled by any increase in the production of reactive oxygen species. Knocking down the α9 subunit (which is expressed at relatively high levels in U87MG cells) decreased the potency of the effects of both compounds on cell viability, but cell proliferation, ATP production, pAKT levels were unaffected by the presence of the noncell-permeable α7/α9-selective antagonist αBungarotoxin. These last findings suggest that the anti-tumoral effects of StN-4 and StN-8 on GBM cells are not only due to their action on nAChRs, but also to other non-nicotinic mechanisms.
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12
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, Paradisi C. Synthesis and Testing of Novel Isomeric Mitochondriotropic Derivatives of Resveratrol and Quercetin. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2275:141-160. [PMID: 34118036 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1262-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol and quercetin are among the most studied plant polyphenols, and have many health-promoting actions. Strategies to accumulate them into mitochondria may be of therapeutic relevance, since these compounds are redox active and are well known to impact mitochondria and mitochondrial proteins. We report here the procedures to synthesize mitochondria-targeted resveratrol and quercetin derivatives; the synthetic strategies reported are however expected to be adaptable to other polyphenols with similar reactivity at the phenolic hydroxyls. Mitochondrial targeting can be achieved by conjugation with triphenylphosphonium , a lipophilic cation; this was linked via a butyl spacer forming an ether bond with one of the phenolic oxygens. The first step toward the synthesis of all mitochondriotropic derivatives described in this work is the production of a regiospecific -(4-O-chlorobutyl) derivative. Triphenylphosphonium (P+Ph3I-) is then introduced through two consecutive nucleophilic substitution steps: -Cl → -I → -P+Ph3I-. Pure mono-substituted chlorobutyl regioisomers are obtained by purification from the reaction mixture in the case of resveratrol , while specific protection strategies are required for quercetin to favor alkylation of one specific hydroxyl.Functionalization of the remaining hydroxyls can be exploited to modulate the physicochemical properties of the derivatives (i.e., water solubility, affinity for cell membranes); we report here synthetic protocols to obtain acetylated and methylated analogs.A brief description of some methods to assess the accumulation of the derivatives in mitochondria is also given; the proposed techniques are the use of a TPP +-selective electrode (with isolated rat liver mitochondria ) and fluorescence microscopy (with cultured cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padova, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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13
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Construction of Hierarchical-Targeting pH-Sensitive Liposomes to Reverse Chemotherapeutic Resistance of Cancer Stem-like Cells. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081205. [PMID: 34452166 PMCID: PMC8399523 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) have been considered to be one of the main problems in tumor treatment owing to high tumorigenicity and chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we synthesized a novel mitochondria-target derivate, triphentlphosphonium-resveratrol (TPP-Res), and simultaneously encapsulated it with doxorubicin (Dox) in pH-sensitive liposomes (PSL (Dox/TPP-Res)), to reverse chemotherapeutic resistance of CSLCs. PSL (Dox/TPP-Res) was approximately 165 nm in size with high encapsulation efficiency for both Dox and TPP-Res. Cytotoxicity assay showed that the optimal synergistic effect was the drug ratio of 1:1 for TPP-Res and Dox. Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking assay indicated that PSL (Dox/TPP-Res) could release drugs in acidic endosomes, followed by mitochondrial targeting of TPP-Res and nucleus transports for Dox. The mechanisms for reversing the resistance in CSLCs were mainly attributed to a synergistic effect for reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase cascade reaction, reduction of ATP level and suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Further, in vivo assay results demonstrated that the constructed liposomes could efficiently accumulate in the tumor region and possess excellent antineoplastic activity in an orthotopic xenograft tumor model with no evident systemic toxicity. The above experimental results determined that PSL (Dox/TPP-Res) provides a new method for the treatment of heterogenecity tumors.
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14
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S Allemailem K, Almatroudi A, Alsahli MA, Aljaghwani A, M El-Kady A, Rahmani AH, Khan AA. Novel Strategies for Disrupting Cancer-Cell Functions with Mitochondria-Targeted Antitumor Drug-Loaded Nanoformulations. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3907-3936. [PMID: 34135584 PMCID: PMC8200140 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s303832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Any variation in normal cellular function results in mitochondrial dysregulation that occurs in several diseases, including cancer. Such processes as oxidative stress, metabolism, signaling, and biogenesis play significant roles in cancer initiation and progression. Due to their central role in cellular metabolism, mitochondria are favorable therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of conditions like neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Subcellular mitochondria-specific theranostic nanoformulations for simultaneous targeting, drug delivery, and imaging of these organelles are of immense interest in cancer therapy. It is a challenging task to cross multiple barriers to target mitochondria in diseased cells. To overcome these multiple barriers, several mitochondriotropic nanoformulations have been engineered for the transportation of mitochondria-specific drugs. These nanoformulations include liposomes, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), and inorganic NPs. These nanoformulations are made mitochondriotropic by conjugating them with moieties like dequalinium, Mito-Porter, triphenylphosphonium, and Mitochondria-penetrating peptides. Most of these nanoformulations are meticulously tailored to control their size, charge, shape, mitochondriotropic drug loading, and specific cell-membrane interactions. Recently, some novel mitochondria-selective antitumor compounds known as mitocans have shown high toxicity against cancer cells. These selective compounds form vicious oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species cycles within cancer cells and ultimately push them to cell death. Nanoformulations approved by the FDA and EMA for clinical applications in cancer patients include Doxil, NK105, and Abraxane. The novel use of these NPs still faces tremendous challenges and an immense amount of research is needed to understand the proper mechanisms of cancer progression and control by these NPs. Here in this review, we summarize current advancements and novel strategies of delivering different anticancer therapeutic agents to mitochondria with the help of various nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aseel Aljaghwani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa M El-Kady
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Huang M, Myers CR, Wang Y, You M. Mitochondria as a Novel Target for Cancer Chemoprevention: Emergence of Mitochondrial-targeting Agents. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 14:285-306. [PMID: 33303695 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention is the most effective approach to control cancer in the population. Despite significant progress, chemoprevention has not been widely adopted because agents that are safe tend to be less effective and those that are highly effective tend to be toxic. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel and effective chemopreventive agents, such as mitochondria-targeted agents, that can prevent cancer and prolong survival. Mitochondria, the central site for cellular energy production, have important functions in cell survival and death. Several studies have revealed a significant role for mitochondrial metabolism in promoting cancer development and progression, making mitochondria a promising new target for cancer prevention. Conjugating delocalized lipophilic cations, such as triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+), to compounds of interest is an effective approach for mitochondrial targeting. The hyperpolarized tumor cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane potential allow for selective accumulation of TPP+ conjugates in tumor cell mitochondria versus those in normal cells. This could enhance direct killing of precancerous, dysplastic, and tumor cells while minimizing potential toxicities to normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofei Huang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Charles R Myers
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ming You
- Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. .,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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16
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Hoenke S, Serbian I, Deigner HP, Csuk R. Mitocanic Di- and Triterpenoid Rhodamine B Conjugates. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225443. [PMID: 33233650 PMCID: PMC7699795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of the “correct” triterpenoid, the “correct” spacer and rhodamine B (RhoB) seems to be decisive for the ability of the conjugate to accumulate in mitochondria. So far, several triterpenoid rhodamine B conjugates have been prepared and screened for their cytotoxic activity. To obtain cytotoxic compounds with EC50 values in a low nano-molar range combined with good tumor/non-tumor selectivity, the Rho B unit has to be attached via an amine spacer to the terpenoid skeleton. To avoid spirolactamization, secondary amines have to be used. First results indicate that a homopiperazinyl spacer is superior to a piperazinyl spacer. Hybrids derived from maslinic acid or tormentic acid are superior to those from oleanolic, ursolic, glycyrrhetinic or euscaphic acid. Thus, a tormentic acid-derived RhoB conjugate 32, holding a homopiperazinyl spacer can be regarded, at present, as the most promising candidate for further biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hoenke
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Immo Serbian
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Medical and Life Science Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob–Kienzle–Street 17, D-78054 Villigen–Schwenningen, Germany;
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5525660
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17
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Wang J, Li J, Xiao Y, Fu B, Qin Z. TPP-based mitocans: a potent strategy for anticancer drug design. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:858-875. [PMID: 33479681 PMCID: PMC7489259 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00572b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important problems that endanger human health. The number of cancer patients is increasing rapidly worldwide. Compared with normal cells, cancer cells exhibit abnormal metabolism (abnormal glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, high levels of reactive oxygen species, anti-apoptosis, high mitochondrial membrane potential, and so on), and specific targeting of these metabolic abnormalities would be a promising drug design direction. These physiological characteristics are closely related to tumorigenesis and development, which are mainly regulated by mitochondria. Therefore, mitochondria have become important anticancer drug targets, attracting much attention in recent years. In this review, we systematically summarize various mitochondrial anticancer drugs developed, especially mitocans based on triphenylphosphonium (TPP), and discuss the advantages of TPP in endowing mitochondrial targeting function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Wang
- College of science , China Agriculture University , Haidian District 100089 , China . ; Tel: +86 130 0199 1198
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of science , China Agriculture University , Haidian District 100089 , China . ; Tel: +86 130 0199 1198
| | - Yumei Xiao
- College of science , China Agriculture University , Haidian District 100089 , China . ; Tel: +86 130 0199 1198
| | - Bin Fu
- College of science , China Agriculture University , Haidian District 100089 , China . ; Tel: +86 130 0199 1198
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of science , China Agriculture University , Haidian District 100089 , China . ; Tel: +86 130 0199 1198
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18
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Design and synthesis of amphiphilic 2-hydroxybenzylphosphonium salts with antimicrobial and antitumor dual action. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127234. [PMID: 32386856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of new 2-hydroxybenzylphosphonium salts (QPS) with antimicrobial and antitumor dual action. The most active compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity at a micromolar level against Gram-positive bacteria Sa (ATCC 209p and clinical isolates), Bc (1-2 μM) and fungi Tm and Ca, and induced no notable hemolysis at MIC. The change in nature of substituents of the same length led to a drastic change of biological activity. Self-assembly behavior of the octadecyl and oleyl derivatives was studied. QPS demonstrated self-assembly within the micromolar range with the formation of nanosized aggregates capable of the solubilizing hydrophobic probe. The synthesized phosphonium salts were tested for cytotoxicity. The most potent salt was active against on M-Hela cell line with IC50 on the level of doxorubicin and good selectivity. According to the cytofluorimetry analysis, the salts induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.
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19
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Olivares-Marin IK, González-Hernández JC, Madrigal-Perez LA. Resveratrol cytotoxicity is energy-dependent. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13008. [PMID: 31385323 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a phytochemical that may promote health. However, it has also been reported to be a toxic compound. The molecular mechanism by which resveratrol acts remains unclear. The inhibition of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway appears to be the molecular mechanism of resveratrol. Taking this into account, we propose that the cytotoxic properties of resveratrol depend on the energy (e.g., carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) availability in the cells. In this regard, in a condition with low energy accessibility, resveratrol could enhance ATP starvation to lethal levels. In contrast, when cells are supplemented with high quantities of energy and resveratrol, the inhibition of OXPHOS might produce a low-energy environment, mimicking the beneficial effects of caloric restriction. This review suggests that investigating a possible complex relationship between caloric intake and the differential effects of resveratrol on OXPHOS may be justified. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: A low-calorie diet accompanied by significant levels of resveratrol might modify cellular bioenergetics, which could impact cellular viability and enhance the anti-cancer properties of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis Alberto Madrigal-Perez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Microbiana, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Ciudad Hidalgo, Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico
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20
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Intagliata S, Modica MN, Santagati LM, Montenegro L. Strategies to Improve Resveratrol Systemic and Topical Bioavailability: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E244. [PMID: 31349656 PMCID: PMC6719186 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to natural compounds due to their many biological effects. Polyphenols are a class of plant derivatives that have been widely investigated for preventing and treating many oxidative stress-related pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus and inflammation. Among these polyphenols, resveratrol (RSV) has attracted considerable interest owing to its high antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. However, the poor water solubility and rapid metabolism of RSV lead to low bioavailability, thus limiting its clinical efficacy. After discussing the main biochemical mechanisms involved in RSV biological activities, this review will focus on the strategies attempted to improve RSV effectiveness, both for systemic and for topical administration. In particular, technological approaches involving RSV incorporation into different delivery systems such as liposomes, polymeric and lipid nanoparticles, microemulsions and cyclodextrins will be illustrated, highlighting their potential clinical applications. In addition, chemical modifications of this antioxidant aimed at improving its physicochemical properties will be described along with the results of in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria N Modica
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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21
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, La Spina M, Azzolini M, Parrasia S, Szabò I, Zoratti M. Strategies to target bioactive molecules to subcellular compartments. Focus on natural compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111557. [PMID: 31374419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many potential pharmacological targets are present in multiple subcellular compartments and have different pathophysiological roles depending on location. In these cases, selective targeting of a drug to the relevant subcellular domain(s) may help to sharpen its impact by providing topological specificity, thus limiting side effects, and to concentrate the compound where needed, thus increasing its effectiveness. We review here the state of the art in precision subcellular delivery. The major approaches confer "homing" properties to the active principle via permanent or reversible (in pro-drug fashion) modifications, or through the use of special-design nanoparticles or liposomes to ferry a drug(s) cargo to its desired destination. An assortment of peptides, substituents with delocalized positive charges, custom-blended lipid mixtures, pH- or enzyme-sensitive groups provide the main tools of the trade. Mitochondria, lysosomes and the cell membrane may be mentioned as the fronts on which the most significant advances have been made. Most of the examples presented here have to do with targeting natural compounds - in particular polyphenols, known as pleiotropic agents - to one or the other subcellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Dept. Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Parrasia
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
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22
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Nguyen C, Pandey S. Exploiting Mitochondrial Vulnerabilities to Trigger Apoptosis Selectively in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E916. [PMID: 31261935 PMCID: PMC6678564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of normal cells to the cancerous stage involves multiple genetic changes or mutations leading to hyperproliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and evasion of the host immune system. However, to accomplish hyperproliferation, cancer cells undergo profound metabolic reprogramming including oxidative glycolysis and acidification of the cytoplasm, leading to hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. The majority of drug development research in the past has focused on targeting DNA replication, repair, and tubulin polymerization to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Unfortunately, these are not cancer-selective targets. Recently, researchers have started focusing on metabolic, mitochondrial, and oxidative stress vulnerabilities of cancer cells that can be exploited as selective targets for inducing cancer cell death. Indeed, the hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membranes in cancer cells can lead to selective importing of mitocans that can induce apoptotic effects. Herein, we will discuss recent mitochondrial-selective anticancer compounds (mitocans) that have shown selective toxicity against cancer cells. Increased oxidative stress has also been shown to be very effective in selectively inducing cell death in cancer cells. This oxidative stress could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which in turn will produce more reactive oxygen species (ROS). This creates a vicious cycle of mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production, irreversibly leading to cell suicide. We will also explore the possibility of combining these compounds to sensitize cancer cells to the conventional anticancer agents. Mitocans in combination with selective oxidative-stress producing agents could be very effective anticancer treatments with minimal effect on healthy cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9E 3P4, Canada
| | - Siyaram Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9E 3P4, Canada.
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23
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Olivas-Aguirre M, Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Mitochondria as emerging targets for therapies against T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:935-946. [PMID: 30698851 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5vmr0818-330rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, arising from diverse genetic alterations in the early lymphocyte development. T-cell subtype of ALL (T-ALL) accounts for about 15% and 25% of ALL in children and adults, respectively. Being less frequent among ALL subtypes, T-ALL represents a high-risk factor for poor prognosis due to its aggressiveness and resistance to common antileukemic drugs. Mitochondria were widely explored recently as a target for anticancer treatment because they are involved in a metabolic reprogramming of a cancer cell and play key roles in reactive oxygen species generation, Ca2+ signaling, and cell death induction. Accordingly, a new class of anticancer compounds named mitocans has been developed, which target mitochondria at distinct crucial points to promote their dysfunction and subsequent cell death. The present review analyses the role of mitochondria in malignant reprogramming and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria as an "Achilles' heel" in T-ALL, with an emphasis on BH3 mimetics, sequestering pro-survival BCL proteins and voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)1-directed drugs, which promote the suppression of aerobic glycolysis, VDAC1 closure, mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, stoppage of the oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and release of proapoptotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Olivas-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Oxana Dobrovinskaya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Ionic Transport Regulation, University Center for Biomedical Research, University of Colima, Colima, Mexico
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24
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Stevens JF, Revel JS, Maier CS. Mitochondria-Centric Review of Polyphenol Bioactivity in Cancer Models. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1589-1611. [PMID: 29084444 PMCID: PMC6207154 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Humans are exposed daily to polyphenols in milligram-to-gram amounts through dietary consumption of fruits and vegetables. Polyphenols are also available as components of dietary supplements for improving general health. Although polyphenols are often advertised as antioxidants to explain health benefits, experimental evidence shows that their beneficial cancer preventing and controlling properties are more likely due to stimulation of pro-oxidant and proapoptotic pathways. Recent Advances: The understanding of the biological differences between cancer and normal cell, and especially the role that mitochondria play in carcinogenesis, has greatly advanced in recent years. These advances have resulted in a wealth of new information on polyphenol bioactivity in cell culture and animal models of cancer. Polyphenols appear to target oxidative phosphorylation and regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glycolysis, pro-oxidant pathways, and antioxidant (adaptive) stress responses with greater selectivity in tumorigenic cells. CRITICAL ISSUES The ability of polyphenols to dissipate the MMP (Δψm) by a protonophore mechanism has been known for more than 50 years. However, researchers focus primarily on the downstream molecular effects of Δψm dissipation and mitochondrial uncoupling. We argue that the physicochemical properties of polyphenols are responsible for their anticancer properties by virtue of their protonophoric and pro-oxidant properties rather than their specific effects on downstream molecular targets. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Polyphenol-induced dissipation of Δψm is a physicochemical process that cancer cells cannot develop resistance against by gene mutation. Therefore, polyphenols should receive more attention as agents for cotherapy with cancer drugs to gain synergistic activity. Antioxid. Redox Signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F. Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Johana S. Revel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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25
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Bavo F, Pucci S, Fasoli F, Lammi C, Moretti M, Mucchietto V, Lattuada D, Viani P, De Palma C, Budriesi R, Corradini I, Dowell C, McIntosh JM, Clementi F, Bolchi C, Gotti C, Pallavicini M. Potent Antiglioblastoma Agents by Hybridizing the Onium-Alkyloxy-Stilbene Based Structures of an α7-nAChR, α9-nAChR Antagonist and of a Pro-Oxidant Mitocan. J Med Chem 2018; 61:10531-10544. [PMID: 30403486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma cell lines express α7- and α9α10-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), whose activation promotes tumor cell growth. On these cells, the triethylammoniumethyl ether of 4-stilbenol MG624, a known selective antagonist of α7 and α9α10 nAChRs, has antiproliferative activity. The structural analogy of MG624 with the mitocan RDM-4'BTPI, triphenylphosphoniumbutyl ether of pterostilbene, suggested us that molecular hybridization among their three substructures (stilbenoxy residue, alkylene linker, and terminal onium) and elongation of the alkylene linker might result in novel antitumor agents with higher potency and selectivity. We found that lengthening the ethylene bridge in the triethylammonium derivatives results in more potent and selective toxicity toward adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma cells, which was paralleled by increased α7 and α9α10 nAChR antagonism and improved ability of reducing mitochondrial ATP production. Elongation of the alkylene linker was advantageous also for the triphenylphosphonium derivatives resulting in a generalized enhancement of antitumor activity, associated with increased mitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bavo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Susanna Pucci
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Hunimed University , Via Rita Levi-Montalcini 4 , 20090 Pieve Emanuele (MI) , Italy
| | - Francesca Fasoli
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Carmen Lammi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Vanessa Mucchietto
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Donatella Lattuada
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Paola Viani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology , University Hospital "Luigi Sacco"-ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco , Via G. B. Grassi 74 , I-20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6 , I-40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Irene Corradini
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Cheryl Dowell
- Department of Biology , University of Utah , 257S.1400 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology , University of Utah , 257S.1400 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center , 500 Foothill Drive , Salt Lake City , Utah 84148 , United States.,Department of Psychiatry , University of Utah , 501 Chipeta Way , Salt Lake City , Utah 84108 , United States
| | - Francesco Clementi
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
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26
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Teixeira J, Oliveira C, Cagide F, Amorim R, Garrido J, Borges F, Oliveira PJ. Discovery of a new mitochondria permeability transition pore (mPTP) inhibitor based on gallic acid. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018. [PMID: 29513043 PMCID: PMC6010063 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1442831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological interventions targeting mitochondria present several barriers for a complete efficacy. Therefore, a new mitochondriotropic antioxidant (AntiOxBEN3) based on the dietary antioxidant gallic acid was developed. AntiOxBEN3 accumulated several thousand-fold inside isolated rat liver mitochondria, without causing disruption of the oxidative phosphorylation apparatus, as seen by the unchanged respiratory control ratio, phosphorylation efficiency, and transmembrane electric potential. AntiOxBEN3 showed also limited toxicity on human hepatocarcinoma cells. Moreover, AntiOxBEN3 presented robust iron-chelation and antioxidant properties in both isolated liver mitochondria and cultured rat and human cell lines. Along with its low toxicity profile and high antioxidant activity, AntiOxBEN3 strongly inhibited the calcium-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. From our data, AntiOxBEN3 can be considered as a lead compound for the development of a new class of mPTP inhibitors and be used as mPTP de-sensitiser for basic research or clinical applications or emerge as a therapeutic application in mitochondria dysfunction-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Teixeira
- a CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,b Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech , Cantanhede , Portugal
| | - Catarina Oliveira
- a CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- a CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Ricardo Amorim
- a CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,c PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB) , Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.,d III-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research , University of Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Jorge Garrido
- e Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering (ISEP) , Polytechnic Institute of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- a CIQUP, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- b Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech , Cantanhede , Portugal
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27
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Teixeira J, Deus CM, Borges F, Oliveira PJ. Mitochondria: Targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species with mitochondriotropic polyphenolic-based antioxidants. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 97:98-103. [PMID: 29454114 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and regulation of redox balance is fundamental in controlling cellular life and death pathways. Antioxidants have been used to counteract disruption of redox networks, normally associated with progressive loss of cell homeostasis and disease pathophysiology, although therapeutic success is limited mainly due to pharmacokinetic drawbacks. Attempts to improve mitochondrial function in a range of diseases spurred active drug discovery efforts. Currently, the most effective strategy to deliver drugs to mitochondria is the covalent link of lipophilic cations to the bioactive compound. Although targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress with antioxidants has been demonstrated, clinical use has been hampered by several challenges, with no FDA-approved drug so far. Development of new mitochondriotropic antioxidant agents based on dietary polyphenols has recently gained momentum. Due to their nature, mitochondria-targeted multi-functional antioxidants can trigger stress responses and contribute to tissue protection through hormesis mechanisms, inhibiting excessive mitochondrial ROS production and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Teixeira
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra,UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede 3060-197, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia M Deus
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra,UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede 3060-197, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra,UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, Cantanhede 3060-197, Portugal
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28
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Pace C, Dagda R, Angermann J. Antioxidants Protect against Arsenic Induced Mitochondrial Cardio-Toxicity. TOXICS 2017; 5:toxics5040038. [PMID: 29206204 PMCID: PMC5750566 DOI: 10.3390/toxics5040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a potent cardiovascular toxicant associated with numerous biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases in exposed human populations. Arsenic is also a carcinogen, yet arsenic trioxide is used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of acute promyelotic leukemia (APL). The therapeutic use of arsenic is limited due to its severe cardiovascular side effects. Many of the toxic effects of arsenic are mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and related to arsenic's effect on oxidative stress. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of antioxidants against arsenic induced cardiovascular dysfunction. A growing body of evidence suggests that antioxidant phytonutrients may ameliorate the toxic effects of arsenic on mitochondria by scavenging free radicals. This review identifies 21 antioxidants that can effectively reverse mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in cardiovascular cells and tissues. In addition, we propose that antioxidants have the potential to improve the cardiovascular health of millions of people chronically exposed to elevated arsenic concentrations through contaminated water supplies or used to treat certain types of leukemias. Importantly, we identify conceptual gaps in research and development of new mito-protective antioxidants and suggest avenues for future research to improve bioavailability of antioxidants and distribution to target tissues in order reduce arsenic-induced cardiovascular toxicity in a real-world context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Pace
- Department of Environmental Science and Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - Ruben Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
| | - Jeff Angermann
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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29
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Sassi N, Mattarei A, Espina V, Liotta L, Zoratti M, Paradisi C, Biasutto L. Potential anti-cancer activity of 7- O -pentyl quercetin: Efficient, membrane-targeted kinase inhibition and pro-oxidant effect. Pharmacol Res 2017; 124:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Mucchietto V, Fasoli F, Pucci S, Moretti M, Benfante R, Maroli A, Di Lascio S, Bolchi C, Pallavicini M, Dowell C, McIntosh M, Clementi F, Gotti C. α9- and α7-containing receptors mediate the pro-proliferative effects of nicotine in the A549 adenocarcinoma cell line. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1957-1972. [PMID: 28726253 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tobacco smoke contains many classes of carcinogens and although nicotine is unable to initiate tumourigenesis in humans and rodents, it promotes tumour growth and metastasis in lung tumours by acting on neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs). The aim of this study was to identify molecularly, biochemically and pharmacologically which nAChR subtypes are expressed and functionally activated by nicotine in lung cancer cell lines. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used A549 and H1975 adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from lung tumours to test the in vitro effects of nicotine, and nAChR subtype-specific peptides and compounds. KEY RESULTS The two adenocarcinoma cell lines express distinctive nAChR subtypes, and this affects their nicotine-induced proliferation. In A549 cells, nAChRs containing the α7 or α9 subunits not only regulate nicotine-induced cell proliferation but also the activation of the Akt and ERK pathways. Blocking these nAChRs by means of subtype-specific peptides, or silencing their expression by means of subunit-specific siRNAs, abolishes nicotine-induced proliferation and signalling. Moreover, we found that the α7 antagonist MG624 also acts on α9-α10 nAChRs, blocks the effects of nicotine on A549 cells and has dose-dependent cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results highlight the pathophysiological role of α7- and α9-containing receptors in promoting non-small cell lung carcinoma cell growth and intracellular signalling and provide a framework for the development of new drugs that specifically target the receptors expressed in lung tumours. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Mucchietto
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Benfante
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maroli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Di Lascio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cheryl Dowell
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Francesco Clementi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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31
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Zielonka J, Sikora A, Hardy M, Ouari O, Vasquez-Vivar J, Cheng G, Lopez M, Kalyanaraman B. Mitochondria-Targeted Triphenylphosphonium-Based Compounds: Syntheses, Mechanisms of Action, and Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10043-10120. [PMID: 28654243 PMCID: PMC5611849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 942] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are recognized as one of the most important targets for new drug design in cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Currently, the most effective way to deliver drugs specifically to mitochondria is by covalent linking a lipophilic cation such as an alkyltriphenylphosphonium moiety to a pharmacophore of interest. Other delocalized lipophilic cations, such as rhodamine, natural and synthetic mitochondria-targeting peptides, and nanoparticle vehicles, have also been used for mitochondrial delivery of small molecules. Depending on the approach used, and the cell and mitochondrial membrane potentials, more than 1000-fold higher mitochondrial concentration can be achieved. Mitochondrial targeting has been developed to study mitochondrial physiology and dysfunction and the interaction between mitochondria and other subcellular organelles and for treatment of a variety of diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer. In this Review, we discuss efforts to target small-molecule compounds to mitochondria for probing mitochondria function, as diagnostic tools and potential therapeutics. We describe the physicochemical basis for mitochondrial accumulation of lipophilic cations, synthetic chemistry strategies to target compounds to mitochondria, mitochondrial probes, and sensors, and examples of mitochondrial targeting of bioactive compounds. Finally, we review published attempts to apply mitochondria-targeted agents for the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Adam Sikora
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Jeannette Vasquez-Vivar
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Marcos Lopez
- Translational Biomedical Research Group, Biotechnology Laboratories, Cardiovascular Foundation of Colombia, Carrera 5a No. 6-33, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia, 681003
- Graduate Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B No. 36-00, Cali, Colombia, 760032
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
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32
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Ye Y, Zhang T, Yuan H, Li D, Lou H, Fan P. Mitochondria-Targeted Lupane Triterpenoid Derivatives and Their Selective Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Mechanisms. J Med Chem 2017; 60:6353-6363. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Ye
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of
Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
- Shandong Qidu
Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroprotective
Drugs, Zibo 255400, P. R. China
| | - Huiqing Yuan
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Defeng Li
- Shandong Qidu
Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroprotective
Drugs, Zibo 255400, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Peihong Fan
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
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33
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, Azzolini M, La Spina M, Sassi N, Romio M, Paradisi C, Zoratti M. Resveratrol derivatives as a pharmacological tool. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1403:27-37. [PMID: 28675763 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prodrugs of resveratrol are under development. Among the long-term goals, still largely elusive, are (1) modulating physical properties (e.g., water-soluble derivatives bearing polyethylene glycol chains), (2) changing distribution in the body (e.g., galactosyl derivatives restricted to the intestinal lumen), (3) increasing absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., derivatives imitating the natural substrates of endogenous transporters), and (4) hindering phase II metabolism (e.g., temporarily blocking the hydroxyls), all contributing to (5) increasing bioavailability. The chemical bonds that have been tested for functionalization include carboxyester, acetal, and carbamate groups. A second approach, which can be combined with the first, seeks to reinforce or modify the biochemical activities of resveratrol by concentrating the compound at specific subcellular sites. An example is provided by mitochondria-targeted derivatives. These proved to be pro-oxidant and cytotoxic in vitro, selectively killing fast-growing and tumor cells when supplied in the low micromolar range. This suggests the possibility of anticancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Sassi
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Romio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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34
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Giorgio V, Burchell V, Schiavone M, Bassot C, Minervini G, Petronilli V, Argenton F, Forte M, Tosatto S, Lippe G, Bernardi P. Ca 2+ binding to F-ATP synthase β subunit triggers the mitochondrial permeability transition. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:1065-1076. [PMID: 28507163 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
F-ATP synthases convert the electrochemical energy of the H+ gradient into the chemical energy of ATP with remarkable efficiency. Mitochondrial F-ATP synthases can also undergo a Ca2+-dependent transformation to form channels with properties matching those of the permeability transition pore (PTP), a key player in cell death. The Ca2+ binding site and the mechanism(s) through which Ca2+ can transform the energy-conserving enzyme into a dissipative structure promoting cell death remain unknown. Through in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies we (i) pinpoint the "Ca2+-trigger site" of the PTP to the catalytic site of the F-ATP synthase β subunit and (ii) define a conformational change that propagates from the catalytic site through OSCP and the lateral stalk to the inner membrane. T163S mutants of the β subunit, which show a selective decrease in Ca2+-ATP hydrolysis, confer resistance to Ca2+-induced, PTP-dependent death in cells and developing zebrafish embryos. These findings are a major advance in the molecular definition of the transition of F-ATP synthase to a channel and of its role in cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Giorgio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy .,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Victoria Burchell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Petronilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Michael Forte
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Silvio Tosatto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy .,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
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de Oliveira MR, Nabavi SF, Manayi A, Daglia M, Hajheydari Z, Nabavi SM. Resveratrol and the mitochondria: From triggering the intrinsic apoptotic pathway to inducing mitochondrial biogenesis, a mechanistic view. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:727-45. [PMID: 26802309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria, the power plants of the cell, are known as a cross-road of different cellular signaling pathways. These cytoplasmic double-membraned organelles play a pivotal role in energy metabolism and regulate calcium flux in the cells. It is well known that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with different diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer. A growing body of literature has shown that polyphenolic compounds exert direct effects on mitochondrial ultra-structure and function. Resveratrol is known as one of the most common bioactive constituents of red wine, which improves mitochondrial functions under in vitro and in vivo conditions. SCOPE OF REVIEW This paper aims to review the molecular pathways underlying the beneficial effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial structure and functions. In addition, we discuss the chemistry and main sources of resveratrol. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol represents the promising effects on mitochondria in different experimental models. However, there are several reports on the detrimental effects elicited by resveratrol on mitochondria. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE An understanding of the chemistry and source of resveratrol, its bioavailability and the promising effects on mitochondria brings a new hope to therapy of mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, ICET, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Manayi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Zohreh Hajheydari
- Department of Dermatology, Boo Ali Sina (Avicenna) Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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36
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Guntuku L, Naidu VGM, Yerra VG. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Gliomas: Pharmacotherapeutic Potential of Natural Compounds. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 14:567-83. [PMID: 26791479 PMCID: PMC4981742 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160121115641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors either benign or malignant originating from the glial tissue. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive form among all gliomas, associated with decimal prognosis due to it`s high invasive nature. GBM is also characterized by high recurrence rate and apoptosis resistance features which make the therapeutic targeting very challenging. Mitochondria are key cellular organelles that are acting as focal points in diverse array of cellular functions such as cellular energy metabolism, regulation of ion homeostasis, redox signaling and cell death. Eventual findings of mitochondrial dysfunction include preference of glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation, enhanced reactive oxygen species generation and abnormal mitochondria mediated apoptotic machinery are frequently observed in various malignancies including gliomas. In particular, gliomas harbor mitochondrial structure abnormalities, genomic mutations in mtDNA, altered energy metabolism (Warburg effect) along with mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzyme. Numerous natural compounds have shown efficacy in the treatment of gliomas by targeting mitochondrial aberrant signaling cascades. Some of the natural compounds directly target the components of mitochondria whereas others act indirectly through modulating metabolic abnormalities that are consequence of the mitochondrial dysfunction. The present review offers a molecular insight into mitochondrial pathology in gliomas and therapeutic mechanisms of some of the promising natural compounds that target mitochondrial dysfunction. This review also sheds light on the challenges and possible ways to overcome the hurdles associated with these natural compounds to enter into the clinical market.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V G M Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India.
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37
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Gueguen N, Desquiret-Dumas V, Leman G, Chupin S, Baron S, Nivet-Antoine V, Vessières E, Ayer A, Henrion D, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Procaccio V. Resveratrol Directly Binds to Mitochondrial Complex I and Increases Oxidative Stress in Brain Mitochondria of Aged Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144290. [PMID: 26684010 PMCID: PMC4694087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is often described as a promising therapeutic molecule for numerous diseases, especially in metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. While the mechanism of action is still debated, an increasing literature reports that resveratrol regulates the mitochondrial respiratory chain function. In a recent study we have identified mitochondrial complex I as a direct target of this molecule. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and consequences of such an interaction still require further investigation. In this study, we identified in silico by docking study a binding site for resveratrol at the nucleotide pocket of complex I. In vitro, using solubilized complex I, we demonstrated a competition between NAD+ and resveratrol. At low doses (<5μM), resveratrol stimulated complex I activity, whereas at high dose (50 μM) it rather decreased it. In vivo, in brain mitochondria from resveratrol treated young mice, we showed that complex I activity was increased, whereas the respiration rate was not improved. Moreover, in old mice with low antioxidant defenses, we demonstrated that complex I activation by resveratrol led to oxidative stress. These results bring new insights into the mechanism of action of resveratrol on mitochondria and highlight the importance of the balance between pro- and antioxidant effects of resveratrol depending on its dose and age. These parameters should be taken into account when clinical trials using resveratrol or analogues have to be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naïg Gueguen
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, CHU d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Valérie Desquiret-Dumas
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, CHU d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Géraldine Leman
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Stéphanie Chupin
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, CHU d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Stéphanie Baron
- EA 4466, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, F-75270, France
| | | | - Emilie Vessières
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Audrey Ayer
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Daniel Henrion
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, CHU d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- Université d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, CHU d’Angers, Angers, F-49000, France
- UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM U1083, Angers, F-49000, France
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Early effects of the antineoplastic agent salinomycin on mitochondrial function. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1930. [PMID: 26492365 PMCID: PMC4632293 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Salinomycin, isolated from Streptomyces albus, displays antimicrobial activity. Recently, a large-scale screening approach identified salinomycin and nigericin as selective apoptosis inducers of cancer stem cells. Growing evidence suggests that salinomycin is able to kill different types of non-stem tumor cells that usually display resistance to common therapeutic approaches, but the mechanism of action of this molecule is still poorly understood. Since salinomycin has been suggested to act as a K(+) ionophore, we explored its impact on mitochondrial bioenergetic performance at an early time point following drug application. In contrast to the K(+) ionophore valinomycin, salinomycin induced a rapid hyperpolarization. In addition, mitochondrial matrix acidification and a significant decrease of respiration were observed in intact mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and in cancer stem cell-like HMLE cells within tens of minutes, while increased production of reactive oxygen species was not detected. By comparing the chemical structures and cellular effects of this drug with those of valinomycin (K(+) ionophore) and nigericin (K(+)/H(+) exchanger), we conclude that salinomycin mediates K(+)/H(+) exchange across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Compatible with its direct modulation of mitochondrial function, salinomycin was able to induce cell death also in Bax/Bak-less double-knockout MEF cells. Since at the concentration range used in most studies (around 10 μM) salinomycin exerts its effect at the level of mitochondria and alters bioenergetic performance, the specificity of its action on pathologic B cells isolated from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) versus B cells from healthy subjects was investigated. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), proposed to mimic the tumor environment, attenuated the apoptotic effect of salinomycin on B-CLL cells. Apoptosis occurred to a significant extent in healthy B cells as well as in MSCs and human primary fibroblasts. The results indicate that salinomycin, when used above μM concentrations, exerts direct, mitochondrial effects, thus compromising cell survival.
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Gorlach S, Fichna J, Lewandowska U. Polyphenols as mitochondria-targeted anticancer drugs. Cancer Lett 2015; 366:141-9. [PMID: 26185003 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the respiratory and energetic centers of the cell where multiple intra- and extracellular signal transduction pathways converge leading to dysfunction of those organelles and, consequently, apoptotic or/and necrotic cell death. Mitochondria-targeted anticancer drugs are referred to as mitocans; they have recently been classified by Neuzil et al. (2013) according to their molecular mode of action into: hexokinase inhibitors; mimickers of the Bcl-2 homology-3 (BH3) domains; thiol redox inhibitors; deregulators of voltage-dependent anionic channel (VDAC)/adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) complex; electron redox chain-targeting agents; lipophilic cations targeting the mitochondrial inner membrane; tricarboxylic acid cycle-targeting agents; and mitochondrial DNA-targeting agents. Polyphenols of plant origin and their synthetic or semisynthetic derivatives exhibit pleiotropic biological activities, including the above-mentioned modes of action characteristic of mitocans. Some of them have already been tested in clinical trials. Gossypol has served as a lead compound for developing more efficient BH3 mimetics such as ABT-737 and its orally available structural analog ABT-263 (Navitoclax). Furthermore, mitochondriotropic derivatives of phenolic compounds such as quercetin and resveratrol have been synthesized and reported to efficiently induce cancer cell death in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Gorlach
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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40
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Dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis in Fanconi anemia cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8088. [PMID: 25627108 PMCID: PMC4308711 DOI: 10.1038/srep08088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare and complex inherited blood disorder associated with bone marrow failure and malignancies. Many alterations in FA physiology appear linked to red-ox unbalance including alterations in the morphology and structure of nuclei, intermediate filaments and mitochondria, defective respiration, reduced ATP production and altered ATP/AMP ratio. These defects are consistently associated with impaired oxygen metabolism indeed treatment with antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and resveratrol (RV) does rescue FA physiology. Due to the importance of the intracellular calcium signaling and its key function in the control of intracellular functions we were interested to study calcium homeostasis in FA. We found that FANCA cells display a dramatically low intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in resting conditions. This condition affects cellular responses to stress. The flux of Ca2+ mobilized by H2O2 from internal stores is significantly lower in FANCA cells in comparison to controls. The low basal [Ca2+]i in FANCA appears to be an actively maintained process controlled by a finely tuned interplay between different intracellular Ca2+ stores. The defects associated with the altered Ca2+ homeostasis appear consistently overlapping those related to the unbalanced oxidative metabolism in FA cells underlining a contiguity between oxidative stress and calcium homeostasis.
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, Paradisi C. Synthesis and testing of novel isomeric mitochondriotropic derivatives of resveratrol and quercetin. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1265:161-179. [PMID: 25634275 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2288-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report here the synthetic procedures to obtain mitochondria-targeted resveratrol and quercetin derivatives. These two compounds were selected among plant polyphenols because both are well studied and have many health-promoting actions. The synthetic strategies reported here are however expected to be adaptable to other polyphenols with similar reactivity at the phenolic hydroxyls.Mitochondrial targeting can be achieved by incorporating in the molecule an "electrophoretic" membrane-permeant, triphenylphosphonium cation. We have generally chosen to link it via a butyl spacer forming an ether bond with one of the phenolic oxygens. The first step toward the synthesis of all mitochondriotropic derivatives described in this work is the production of a regiospecific -(4-O-chlorobutyl) derivative. Triphenylphosphonium (P(+)Ph3I(-)) is then introduced through two consecutive nucleophilic substitution steps: -Cl→-I→-P(+)Ph3I(-). Pure mono-substituted chlorobutyl regioisomers are obtained by purification from the reaction mixture in the case of resveratrol, while specific protection strategies are required for quercetin to favor alkylation of one specific hydroxyl.Physicochemical properties of the derivatives (i.e., water solubility, affinity for cell membranes) can be furthermore modulated by functionalization of the remaining hydroxyls; we report here synthetic protocols to obtain acetylated and methylated analogs.We also briefly describe how to assess mitochondrial accumulation of the derivatives; the proposed techniques are the use of a TPP(+)-selective electrode (with isolated rat liver mitochondria) and fluorescence microscopy (with cultured cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy,
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Sassi N, Mattarei A, Azzolini M, Szabo' I, Paradisi C, Zoratti M, Biasutto L. Cytotoxicity of mitochondria-targeted resveratrol derivatives: Interactions with respiratory chain complexes and ATP synthase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1781-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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