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Su L, Han J. Non-coding RNAs in hypertrophic scars and keloids: Current research and clinical relevance: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128334. [PMID: 38007032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HS) and keloids (KD) are lesions that develop as a result of excessive fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition in response to dermal injury, leading to dysregulation of the inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases during wound healing. HS and KD affect up to 90 % of the population and are associated with lower quality of life, physical health, and mental status in patients. Efficient targeted treatment represents a significant challenge, primarily due to our limited understanding of their underlying pathogenesis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which constitute a significant portion of the human transcriptome with minimal or no protein-coding capacity, have been implicated in various cellular physiologies and pathologies and may serve as diagnostic indicators or therapeutic targets. NcRNAs have been found to be aberrantly expressed and regulated in HS and KD. This review provides a summary of the expression profiles and molecular mechanisms of three common ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in HS and KD. It also discusses their potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases and provides novel insights into epigenetic-based diagnosis and treatment strategies for HS and KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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Zhang Q, Qian D, Tang DD, Liu J, Wang LY, Chen W, Wu CJ, Peng W. Glabridin from Glycyrrhiza glabra Possesses a Therapeutic Role against Keloid via Attenuating PI3K/Akt and Transforming Growth Factor-β1/SMAD Signaling Pathways. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:10782-10793. [PMID: 36005946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glabridin (Gla) is a typical flavonoid isolated from the Glycyrrhiza glabra with various bioactivities and is a common additive in many cosmetics. In our study, we evaluated the antiscarring effect of Gla from G. glabra in a rabbit ear hyperplastic scar model. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining were applied to determine the pathological changes and collagen fibers of scar tissue in rabbits. The results suggested that Gla could reduce rabbit ear scar hyperplasia, inhibit inflammation, and decrease collagen production. Furthermore, the in vitro cell experiments were applied to determine the effects of Gla on human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs), and we observed that Gla suppressed the HKF cells' proliferation via inducing apoptosis. Subsequently, we found that Gla reduced collagen production in HKF cells. The further molecular mechanisms investigations suggested that Gla played a therapeutic role against keloid by attenuating PI3K/Akt and TGFβ1/SMAD pathways. Our study would be beneficial for extending the applications of the known sweet plant of G. glabra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Die Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Lin-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610091, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, P. R. China
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Dai X, Lei TC. Botulinum toxin A promotes the transdifferentiation of primary keloid myofibroblasts into adipocyte-like cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 129:462-469. [PMID: 34571584 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Keloid is a type of unusually raised scar. Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) has a great application potential in keloids treatment. Here, we investigated the functional role of BTX-A in keloids. We separated keloid tissues and normal skin tissues from keloid patients and found that the expression of myofibroblast markers, α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III was increased in the keloid tissues as compared with normal skin tissues. Keloid fibroblasts derived from keloid tissues were treated with TGF-β1 to induce the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. The keloid myofibroblasts displayed a significant up-regulation of α-SMA. BTX-A enhanced the expression of adipocyte markers, PPARγ and C/EBPα, and increased the accumulation of lipid droplets, and reduced the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III in the keloid myofibroblasts. Moreover, BTX-A enhanced the expression of BMP4 and p-smad1/5/8. Noggin (BMP4 antagonist) treatment reversed BTX-A-mediated increase of PPARγ and C/EBPα expression and lipid droplets, and down-regulation of α-SMA, Collagen I, and Collagen III in primary keloid myofibroblasts. In conclusion, BTX-A promoted the transdifferentiation of primary keloid myofibroblasts into adipocyte-like cells, which may attribute to activate BMP4/Smad signalling pathway. Thus, this study provides new insights into the mechanism of BTX-A in keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Dai
- Department of Skin Medical Cosmetology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tie-Chi Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Stevenson AW, Deng Z, Allahham A, Prêle CM, Wood FM, Fear MW. The epigenetics of keloids. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1099-1114. [PMID: 34152651 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Keloid scarring is a fibroproliferative disorder of the skin with unknown pathophysiology, characterised by fibrotic tissue that extends beyond the boundaries of the original wound. Therapeutic options are few and commonly ineffective, with keloids very commonly recurring even after surgery and adjunct treatments. Epigenetics, defined as alterations to the DNA not involving the base-pair sequence, is a key regulator of cell functions, and aberrant epigenetic modifications have been found to contribute to many pathologies. Multiple studies have examined many different epigenetic modifications in keloids, including DNA methylation, histone modification, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. These studies have established that epigenetic dysregulation exists in keloid scars, and successful future treatment of keloids may involve reverting these aberrant modifications back to those found in normal skin. Here we summarise the clinical and experimental studies available on the epigenetics of keloids, discuss the major open questions and future perspectives on the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Stevenson
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zhenjun Deng
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Amira Allahham
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cecilia M Prêle
- Ear Science Centre, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Burns Service of Western Australia, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children and Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Institute for Respiratory Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Wu D, Zhou J, Tan M, Zhou Y. LINC01116 regulates proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of keloid fibroblasts by the TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling via targeting miR-3141. Anal Biochem 2021; 627:114249. [PMID: 34048784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keloids are benign fibroproliferative skin tumors. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of keloid formation. In this paper, we explored the precise actions of LINC01116 in keloid formation. METHODS The targeted relationship between microRNA (miR)-3141 and LINC01116 or transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) was verified by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays. The expression levels of LINC01116, miR-3141, TGF-β1, and SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) were gauged by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were assessed by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, wound-healing assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Animal studies were used to assess the role of LINC01116 in the subcutaneous keloid growth in vivo. RESULTS Our data showed that LINC01116 targeted miR-3141 by directly binding to miR-3141. LINC01116 was up-regulated and miR-3141 was down-regulated in human keloid tissues and fibroblasts. LINC01116 knockdown or miR-3141 overexpression suppressed keloid fibroblast proliferation, migration, and promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR-3141 was a downstream mediator of LINC01116 function. MiR-3141 regulated the TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling by directly targeting TGF-β1. Furthermore, TGF-β1 was identified as a direct and functional target of miR-3141. LINC01116 regulated the TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling through miR-3141. Additionally, LINC01116 knockdown diminished the subcutaneous keloid growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated a novel mechanism, the miR-3141/TGF-β1/SMAD3 regulatory pathway, at least partially for the oncogenic role of LINC01116 in keloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - JinJie Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Ming Tan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanshijing Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Lv W, Ren Y, Hou K, Hu W, Yi Y, Xiong M, Wu M, Wu Y, Zhang Q. Epigenetic modification mechanisms involved in keloid: current status and prospect. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:183. [PMID: 33243301 PMCID: PMC7690154 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00981-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid, a common dermal fibroproliferative disorder, is benign skin tumors characterized by the aggressive fibroblasts proliferation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. However, common therapeutic approaches of keloid have limited effectiveness, emphasizing the momentousness of developing innovative mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Epigenetics, representing the potential link of complex interactions between genetics and external risk factors, is currently under intense scrutiny. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that multiple diverse and reversible epigenetic modifications, represented by DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play a critical role in gene regulation and downstream fibroblastic function in keloid. Importantly, abnormal epigenetic modification manipulates multiple behaviors of keloid-derived fibroblasts, which served as the main cellular components in keloid skin tissue, including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and differentiation. Here, we have reviewed and summarized the present available clinical and experimental studies to deeply investigate the expression profiles and clarify the mechanisms of epigenetic modification in the progression of keloid, mainly including DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNAs (miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA). Besides, we also provide the challenges and future perspectives associated with epigenetics modification in keloid. Deciphering the complicated epigenetic modification in keloid is hopeful to bring novel insights into the pathogenesis etiology and diagnostic/therapeutic targets in keloid, laying a foundation for optimal keloid ending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchang Lv
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Yuping Ren
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Hou
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Weijie Hu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yi
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Mingchen Xiong
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, NO 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China.
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Huang Y, Wang Y, Lin L, Wang P, Jiang L, Liu J, Wang X. Overexpression of miR-133a-3p inhibits fibrosis and proliferation of keloid fibroblasts by regulating IRF5 to inhibit the TGF-β/Smad2 pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 52:101563. [PMID: 32205184 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Keloid is a benign dermal tumor with excessive hyperplasia and deposition of collagen. As a common tumor suppressor gene, miR-133a-3p has not been studied in keloid. This study will delve into the specific mechanism of miR-133a-3p in keloid. METHODS Normal skin fibroblasts and keloid fibroblasts (KFs) were first isolated from patients' normal skin and keloid, and cells were identified by morphological observation and immunofluorescence. The expressions of miR-133a-3p and extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated markers (Collagen I, III and α smooth muscle activin) were detected by Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability and apoptosis of KFs were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, and Caspase-3 colorimetry. TargetScan predicted target gene for miR-133a-3p was verified by luciferase assay, qRT-PCR and Western Blot (WB). WB was used to study protein expression of TGFBR1, phosphorylated -Smad2 (p-Smad2) and Smad2. Finally, a series of rescue experiments were performed to verify the intervention of target genes on miR-133a-3p. RESULTS MiR-133a-3p was lowly expressed in keloid tissue and KFs. Overexpression of miR-133a-3p inhibited the expression of ECM-associated markers, reduced KFs viability, and promoted apoptosis. It was verified that interference regulator 5 (IRF5) is miR-133a-3p target gene. The rescue experiments showed that IRF5 reversed the effect of miR-133a-3p mimic on inhibiting fibrosis, and reversed the effects on promoting apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Overexpressed miR-133a-3p inhibits fibrosis by down-regulating IRF5 and thus inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad2 pathway. And it also promotes KFs apoptosis and reduces proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, China
| | - Lixin Lin
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, China
| | - Xueming Wang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, China.
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Xu Z, Guo B, Chang P, Hui Q, Li W, Tao K. The Differential Expression of miRNAs and a Preliminary Study on the Mechanism of miR-194-3p in Keloids. Biomed Res Int 2019; 2019:8214923. [PMID: 30956986 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8214923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect abnormally expressed microRNA (miRNA) in keloids and to study their functions. The differential expression of miRNAs in keloids and normal tissue was detected by gene microarray. MiRNA expression was verified by real-time PCR. A luciferase reporter gene assay, western blot, and real-time PCR were used to detect the effect of miR-194-3p on RUNX2. An MTT assay and a transwell assay were used to detect the effect of miR-194-3p in both primary cultured fibroblasts and HKF cells. Related proteins were analysed by western blot and real-time PCR. The expression of miR-194-3p was lower in keloids, and MiR-194-3p was shown to target RUNX2 directly. MiR-194-3p inhibited the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts through the inhibition of CDK4 and MMP2. MiR-194-3p and RUNX2 may become new targets for the prevention and treatment of keloids.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Keloids and hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative disorders of the skin that result from abnormal healing of injured or irritated skin. Multiple studies suggest that genetic, systemic and local factors may contribute to the development and/or growth of keloids and hypertrophic scars. A key local factor may be mechanical stimuli. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of the studies on the roles that genetic variation, epigenetic modifications and mechanotransduction play in keloidogenesis. METHODS An English literature review was performed by searching the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases with the following keywords: genome-wide association study; epigenetics; non-coding RNA; microRNA; long non-coding RNA (lncRNA); DNA methylation; mechanobiology; and keloid. The searches targeted the time period between the date of database inception and July 2018. RESULTS Genetic studies identified several single-nucleotide polymorphisms and gene linkages that may contribute to keloid pathogenesis. Epigenetic modifications caused by non-coding RNAs (e.g. microRNAs and lncRNAs) and DNA methylation may also play important roles by inducing the persistent activation of keloidal fibroblasts. Mechanical forces and the ensuing cellular mechanotransduction may also influence the degree of scar formation, scar contracture and the formation/progression of keloids and hypertrophic scars. CONCLUSIONS Recent research indicates that the formation/growth of keloids and hypertrophic scars associate clearly with genetic, epigenetic, systemic and local risk factors, particularly skin tension around scars. Further research into scar-related genetics, epigenetics and mechanobiology may reveal molecular, cellular or tissue-level targets that could lead to the development of more effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for wounds/scars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung & Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhong L, Bian L, Lyu J, Jin H, Liu Z, Lyu L, Lu D. Identification and integrated analysis of microRNA expression profiles in keloid. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 17:917-924. [PMID: 30030902 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianmei Zhong
- Technology Transfer Center; Kunming Medical University; Kunming China
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital; Kunming Medical University; Kunming China
| | - Ligong Bian
- Department of Anatomy; Kunming Medical University; Kunming China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Department of Physiology; Kunming Medical University; Kunming China
| | - Huiyan Jin
- Functional Experimental Center; Kunming Medical University; Kunming China
| | - Zijie Liu
- Kunming Medical UniversityThe first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical university; Kunming China
| | - Lechun Lyu
- Technology Transfer Center; Kunming Medical University; Kunming China
| | - Di Lu
- Technology Transfer Center; Kunming Medical University; Kunming China
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Lee HJ, Jang YJ. Recent Understandings of Biology, Prophylaxis and Treatment Strategies for Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030711. [PMID: 29498630 PMCID: PMC5877572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars and keloids are fibroproliferative disorders that may arise after any deep cutaneous injury caused by trauma, burns, surgery, etc. Hypertrophic scars and keloids are cosmetically problematic, and in combination with functional problems such as contractures and subjective symptoms including pruritus, these significantly affect patients’ quality of life. There have been many studies on hypertrophic scars and keloids; but the mechanisms underlying scar formation have not yet been well established, and prophylactic and treatment strategies remain unsatisfactory. In this review, the authors introduce and summarize classical concepts surrounding wound healing and review recent understandings of the biology, prevention and treatment strategies for hypertrophic scars and keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jun Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, Korea.
| | - Yong Ju Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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Zhang J, Xu D, Li N, Li Y, He Y, Hu X, Lyu L, He L. Downregulation of microRNA-31 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting HIF1AN in human keloid. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74623-74634. [PMID: 29088812 PMCID: PMC5650367 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in keloid scarring. Integrative analysis of the previous miRNA microarray revealed miRNA-31 was among the most frequently altered miRNAs in keloid and hypertrophic scar. Using qRT-PCR, we further validated miRNA-31 was increased in keloid tissues and keloid-derived fibroblasts. Moreover, downregulation of miRNA-31 inhibited the cell proliferation, induced the cell apoptosis and disturbed the cell cycle progression by targeting HIF1AN, a negative modulator of hypoxia inducible factor 1. Through the luciferase reporter assay, HIF1AN was confirmed to be a target of miRNA-31. Further studies demonstrated that miRNA-31 regulated proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of keloid-derived fibroblasts by mediating HIF1AN/VEGF signaling pathway. Overall, our findings shed new light on miRNA-31 as a promising therapeutic target in keloid scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Physiology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongjing He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingbo Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, the First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Lechun Lyu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Physiology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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He Y, Deng Z, Alghamdi M, Lu L, Fear MW, He L. From genetics to epigenetics: new insights into keloid scarring. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28054407 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid scarring is a dermal fibroproliferative response characterized by excessive and progressive deposition of collagen; aetiology and molecular pathology underlying keloid formation and progression remain unclear. Genetic predisposition is important in the pathogenic processes of keloid formation, however, environmental factors and epigenetic mechanisms may also play pivotal roles. Epigenetic modification is a recent area of investigation in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of keloid scarring and there is increasing evidence that epigenetic changes may play a role in induction and persistent activation of fibroblasts in keloid scars. Here we have reviewed three epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation, histone modification and the role of non-coding RNAs. We also review the evidence that these mechanisms may play a role in keloid formation - in future, it may be possible that epigenetic markers may be used instead of prognostic or diagnostic markers here. However, there is a significant amount of work required to increase our current understanding of the role of epigenetic modification in keloid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenjun Deng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Physiology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mansour Alghamdi
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lechun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Physiology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mark W Fear
- Burn Injury Research Unit, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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