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Seol SI, Davaanyam D, Oh SA, Lee EH, Han PL, Kim SW, Lee JK. Age-Dependent and Aβ-Induced Dynamic Changes in the Subcellular Localization of HMGB1 in Neurons and Microglia in the Brains of an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2024; 13:189. [PMID: 38247880 PMCID: PMC10814163 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
HMGB1 is a prototypical danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule that co-localizes with amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. HMGB1 levels are significantly higher in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. However, the cellular and subcellular distribution of HMGB1 in relation to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease has not yet been studied in detail. Here, we investigated whether HMGB1 protein levels in brain tissue homogenates (frontal cortex and striatum) and sera from Tg-APP/PS1 mice, along with its cellular and subcellular localization in those regions, differed. Total HMGB1 levels were increased in the frontal cortices of aged wildtype (7.5 M) mice compared to young (3.5 M) mice, whereas total HMGB1 levels in the frontal cortices of Tg-APP/PS1 mice (7.5 M) were significantly lower than those in age-matched wildtype mice. In contrast, total serum HMGB1 levels were enhanced in aged wildtype (7.5 M) mice and Tg-APP/PS1 mice (7.5 M). Further analysis indicated that nuclear HMGB1 levels in the frontal cortices of Tg-APP/PS1 mice were significantly reduced compared to those in age-matched wildtype controls, and cytosolic HMGB1 levels were also significantly decreased. Triple-fluorescence immunohistochemical analysis indicated that HMGB1 appeared as a ring shape in the cytoplasm of most neurons and microglia in the frontal cortices of 9.5 M Tg-APP/PS1 mice, indicating that nuclear HMGB1 is reduced by aging and in Tg-APP/PS1 mice. Consistent with these observations, Aβ treatment of both primary cortical neuron and primary microglial cultures increased HMGB1 secretion in the media, in an Aβ-dose-dependent manner. Our results indicate that nuclear HMGB1 might be translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in both neurons and microglia in the brains of Tg-APP/PS1 mice, and that it may subsequently be secreted extracellularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-I Seol
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (S.-I.S.); (D.D.); (S.-A.O.)
| | - Dashdulam Davaanyam
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (S.-I.S.); (D.D.); (S.-A.O.)
| | - Sang-A Oh
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (S.-I.S.); (D.D.); (S.-A.O.)
| | - Eun-Hwa Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (E.-H.L.); (P.-L.H.)
| | - Pyung-Lim Han
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (E.-H.L.); (P.-L.H.)
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, College of Natural Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Inchon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (S.-I.S.); (D.D.); (S.-A.O.)
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Culibrk RA, Ebbert KA, Yeisley DJ, Chen R, Qureshi FA, Hahn J, Hahn MS. Impact of Suramin on Key Pathological Features of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease-Derived Forebrain Neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:301-318. [PMID: 38427475 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by disrupted proteostasis and macroautophagy (hereafter "autophagy"). The pharmacological agent suramin has known autophagy modulation properties with potential efficacy in mitigating AD neuronal pathology. Objective In the present work, we investigate the impact of forebrain neuron exposure to suramin on the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, a major regulator of autophagy, in comparison with rapamycin and chloroquine. We further investigate the effect of suramin on several AD-related biomarkers in sporadic AD (sAD)-derived forebrain neurons. Methods Neurons differentiated from ReNcell neural progenitors were used to assess the impact of suramin on the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway relative to the autophagy inducer rapamycin and autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. Mature forebrain neurons were differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) sourced from a late-onset sAD patient and treated with 100μM suramin for 72 h, followed by assessments for amyloid-β, phosphorylated tau, oxidative/nitrosative stress, and synaptic puncta density. Results Suramin treatment of sAD-derived neurons partially ameliorated the increased p-Tau(S199)/Tau ratio, and fully remediated the increased glutathione to oxidized nitric oxide ratio, observed in untreated sAD-derived neurons relative to healthy controls. These positive results may be due in part to the distinct increases in Akt/mTOR pathway mediator p-p70S6K noted with suramin treatment of both ReNcell-derived and iPSC-derived neurons. Longer term neuronal markers, such as synaptic puncta density, were unaffected by suramin treatment. Conclusions These findings provide initial evidence supporting the potential of suramin to reduce the degree of dysregulation in sAD-derived forebrain neurons in part via the modulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Culibrk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Katherine A Ebbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Daniel J Yeisley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Fatir A Qureshi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Juergen Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
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Intracellular DAMPs in Neurodegeneration and Their Role in Clinical Therapeutics. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3600-3616. [PMID: 36859688 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is the major implication of neurodegeneration. This is a complex process which initiates from the cellular injury triggering the innate immune system which gives rise to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) which are also recognized as endogenous danger indicators. These originate from various compartments of the cell under pathological stimulus. These are very popular candidates having their origin in the intracellular compartments and organelles of the cell and may have their site of action itself in the intracellular or at the extracellular spaces. Under the influence of the pathological stimuli, they interact with the pattern-recognition receptor to initiate their pro-inflammatory cascade followed by the cytokine release. This provides a good opportunity for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions creating better conditions for repair and reversal. Since the major contributors arise from the intracellular compartment, in this review, we have attempted to focus on the DAMP molecules arising from the intracellular compartments and their specific roles in the neurodegenerative events explaining their downstream mediators and signaling. Moreover, we have tried to cover the latest interventions in terms of DAMPs as clinical biomarkers which can assist in detecting the disease and also target it to reduce the innate-immune activation response which can help in reducing the sterile neuroinflammation having an integral role in the neurodegenerative processes.
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Zulfugarova P, Zivari-Ghader T, Maharramova S, Ahmadian E, Eftekhari A, Khalilov R, Turksoy VA, Rosić G, Selakovic D. A mechanistic review of pharmacological activities of homeopathic medicine licorice against neural diseases. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1148258. [PMID: 36950127 PMCID: PMC10025333 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1148258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of medicinal plants has grown in popularity in recent decades because, as natural ingredients, they have fewer adverse effects and are more effective than synthetic alternatives. As a small perennial herb, Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Licorice) has been investigated for its therapeutic efficacy against neural disorders mainly ischemic stroke as well as the neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease which has been attributed to its HMGB inhibitory function, reactive oxygen scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of current review is to review the evidence for the pharmacological effects of licorice and its vital active components on neurological disorders and the underlying signaling networks. We reviewed Papers published from 2000.1.1 up to 2 January 2023 in web of science, Google Scholar and PubMed data bases using key words including "Licorice," "Glycyrrhiza glabra L.," "Glycyrrhizic acid," "brain," "neurodegenerative disease," "Alzheimer's," and "Parkinson" were used to search in title/abstracts. Licorice extract and/or its active components can be used safely in therapeutic doses for optimizing the management of a multiple neurodegenerative disorders, and hampering the extent of neural tissue injury and neurologic deficits subsequent to cerebrovascular accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Zulfugarova
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Tayebeh Zivari-Ghader
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevinj Maharramova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Management, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Ministry of Science and Education Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Aziz Eftekhari,
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Vugar Ali Turksoy
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Gvozden Rosić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Gvozden Rosić,
| | - Dragica Selakovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Dragica Selakovic,
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Ikram FZ, Arulsamy A, Retinasamy T, Shaikh MF. The Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) in Neurodegeneration: A Systematic Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2221-2245. [PMID: 35034598 PMCID: PMC9886836 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220114153308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that plays an important role in the repair and regeneration of tissue injury. It also acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine through the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), to elicit the neuroinflammatory response. HMGB1 may aggravate several cellular responses, which may lead to pathological inflammation and cellular death. Thus, there have been a considerable amount of research into the pathological role of HMGB1 in diseases. However, whether the mechanism of action of HMGB1 is similar in all neurodegenerative disease pathology remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE Therefore, this systematic review aimed to critically evaluate and elucidate the role of HMGB1 in the pathology of neurodegeneration based on the available literature. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed on four databases; EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL Plus. RESULTS A total of 85 articles were selected for critical appraisal, after subjecting to the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. The selected articles revealed that HMGB1 levels were found elevated in most neurodegeneration except in Huntington's disease and Spinocerebellar ataxia, where the levels were found decreased. This review also showcased that HMGB1 may act on distinctive pathways to elicit its pathological response leading to the various neurodegeneration processes/ diseases. CONCLUSION While there have been promising findings in HMGB1 intervention research, further studies may still be required before any HMGB1 intervention may be recommended as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathimath Zaha Ikram
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Alina Arulsamy
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thaarvena Retinasamy
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia,Address correspondence to this author at the Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia; Tel/Fax: +60 3 5514 4483; E-mail:
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Chai W, Zhang J, Xiang Z, Zhang H, Mei Z, Nie H, Xu R, Zhang P. Potential of nobiletin against Alzheimer's disease through inhibiting neuroinflammation. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1145-1154. [PMID: 35267136 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Nobiletin attenuating Alzheimer's disease (AD) by inhibiting neuroinflammation. METHODS The expression of inflammatory cytokines and HMGB-1 in serum of AD patients were examined. Microglia (MGs) were treated with different doses of Nobiletin before LPS and Nigericin induction. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 and TUNEL assays, respectively. APP/PS1 mice were gavaged with Nobiletin, and Morris water maze (MWM) was established to record swimming speed, escape latency, the number of platform crossings, and time spent in the platform quadrant. MGs activation in brain tissues was evaluated by immunofluorescence. The expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and HMGB-1 was determined in the hippocampus and MGs. RESULTS The levels of inflammatory cytokines and HMGB-1 were high in serum of AD patients. Treatment with different concentrations of Nobiletin prominently enhanced cell viability and reduced apoptosis and the expression of inflammatory cytokine and pyroptosis-related proteins in LPS + Nigericin-induced MGs. Gavage of different doses of Nobiletin into APP/PS1 mice shortened the escape latency in mice, diminished MGs activation in brain tissues, and remarkably elevated the number of platform crossings and the time spent in the platform quadrant without obvious change in swimming speed, suggesting that Nobiletin improved the spatial learning and memory abilities in APP/PS1 mice. The expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, HMGB-1, and inflammatory cytokines was decreased dramatically by Nobiletin in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. CONCLUSIONS Nobiletin can inhibit neuroinflammation by inhibiting HMGB-1, pyroptosis-related proteins, and inflammatory cytokines, thus mitigating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhengbing Xiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Honglian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhujun Mei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Nie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Renxu Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Department of General Practice/General Family Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College/Jaingxi Provincial People's Hospital, No.152, Aiguo Road, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.
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Paudel YN, Angelopoulou E, Semple B, Piperi C, Othman I, Shaikh MF. Potential Neuroprotective Effect of the HMGB1 Inhibitor Glycyrrhizin in Neurological Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:485-500. [PMID: 31972087 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhizic acid), a bioactive triterpenoid saponin constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra, is a traditional medicine possessing a plethora of pharmacological anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiaging properties. It is a known pharmacological inhibitor of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous protein with proinflammatory cytokine-like activity. HMGB1 has been implicated in an array of inflammatory diseases when released extracellularly, mainly by activating intracellular signaling upon binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). HMGB1 neutralization strategies have demonstrated disease-modifying outcomes in several preclinical models of neurological disorders. Herein, we reveal the potential neuroprotective effects of glycyrrhizin against several neurological disorders. Emerging findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of glycyrrhizin against several HMGB1-mediated pathological conditions including traumatic brain injury, neuroinflammation and associated conditions, epileptic seizures, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Glycyrrhizin's effects in neurological disorders are mainly attributed to the attenuation of neuronal damage by inhibiting HMGB1 expression and translocation as well as by downregulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines. A large number of preclinical findings supports the notion that glycyrrhizin might be a promising therapeutic alternative to overcome the shortcomings of the mainstream therapeutic strategies against neurological disorders, mainly by halting disease progression. However, future research is warranted for a deeper exploration of the precise underlying molecular mechanism as well as for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Bridgette Semple
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
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Impact of HMGB1, RAGE, and TLR4 in Alzheimer's Disease (AD): From Risk Factors to Therapeutic Targeting. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020383. [PMID: 32046119 PMCID: PMC7072620 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia, with accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) as defining pathological features. AD presents a serious global health concern with no cure to date, reflecting the complexity of its pathogenesis. Recent evidence indicates that neuroinflammation serves as the link between amyloid deposition, Tau pathology, and neurodegeneration. The high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an initiator and activator of neuroinflammatory responses, has been involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. HMGB1 is a typical damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein that exerts its biological activity mainly through binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). RAGE and TLR4 are key components of the innate immune system that both bind to HMGB1. Targeting of HMGB1, RAGE, and TLR4 in experimental AD models has demonstrated beneficial effects in halting AD progression by suppressing neuroinflammation, reducing Aβ load and production, improving spatial learning, and inhibiting microglial stimulation. Herein, we discuss the contribution of HMGB1 and its receptor signaling in neuroinflammation and AD pathogenesis, providing evidence of its beneficial effects upon therapeutic targeting.
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HMGB1 Mediates Paraquat-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses via Activating RAGE Signaling Pathway. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:913-925. [PMID: 31858421 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), a widely characterized neurotoxicant, has been generally accepted as one of the environmental factors in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite the direct evidence that PQ could induce inflammatory responses in central nervous system, the putative adverse effects of PQ on the neuroimmune interactions have rarely been investigated. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been proven to be relevant to the neuroinflammation involved in PD; however, whether and how HMGB1 exerts modulatory effects in nervous system upon PQ exposure remain elusive. Therefore, the present study investigated the underlying association between HMGB1 and PQ exposure in SH-SY5Y cells, which is a well-established in vitro model for PD research. We observed that HMGB1 was markedly increased in a concentration and time-dependent manner upon PQ exposure, and the elevated HMGB1 could be translocated into cytosol and then released to the extracellular milieu of SH-SY5Y cells. Knockdown of HMGB1 inhibited the activation of RAGE-P38-NF-κB signaling pathway and the expression of inflammation cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. These results suggested that HMGB1 is involved in the PQ-induced neuron death via activating RAGE signaling pathways and promoting neuroinflammatory responses.
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Barrett T, Marchalant Y, Park KH. p35 Hemizygous Deletion in 5xFAD Mice Increases Aβ Plaque Load in Males but Not in Females. Neuroscience 2019; 417:45-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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11
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Heckmann BL, Tummers B, Green DR. Crashing the computer: apoptosis vs. necroptosis in neuroinflammation. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:41-52. [PMID: 30341422 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) plays critical roles in development, homeostasis, and both control and progression of a plethora of diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative pathologies. Besides classical apoptosis, several different forms of PCD have now been recognized, including necroptosis. The way a cell dies determines the reaction of the surrounding environment, and immune activation in response to cell death proceeds in a manner dependent on which death pathways are activated. Apoptosis and necroptosis are major mechanisms of cell death that typically result in opposing immune responses. Apoptotic death usually leads to immunologically silent responses whereas necroptotic death releases molecules that promote inflammation, a process referred to as necroinflammation. Diseases of the nervous system, in particular neurodegenerative diseases, are characterized by neuronal death and progressive neuroinflammation. The mechanisms of neuronal death are not well defined and significant cross-talk between pathways has been suggested. Moreover, it has been proposed that the dying of neurons is a catalyst for activating immune cells in the brain and sustaining inflammatory output. In the current review we discuss the effects of apoptotis and necroptosis on inflammatory immune activation, and evaluate the roles of each cell death pathway in a variety of pathologies with specific focus on neurodegeneration. A putative model is proposed for the regulation of neuronal death and neuroinflammation that features a role for both the apoptotic and necroptotic pathways in disease establishment and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradlee L Heckmann
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Bart Tummers
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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12
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Shu W. Downregulation of high mobility group protein box-1 resensitizes ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4586-4592. [PMID: 30214593 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, one of the most common types of cancer, has the highest mortality among all gynecological malignancies. The development of acquired drug resistance is the leading cause of chemotherapy failure. To study the mechanism underlying drug resistance in ovarian cancer, a drug-resistant ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell line was developed using the chemotherapeutic agent carboplatin (SKOV3-Carb) in the present study. It has been reported that high-mobility group protein box-1 (HMGB1) is associated with the chemoresistance of tumor cells. Therefore, the probable involvement of HMGB1 in the development of carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells was investigated. HMGB1 has been reported to be overexpressed in carboplatin-resistant SKOV3-Carb cells compared with control SKOV3 cells. Subsequently, the expression of HMGB1 was silenced by small interference RNA technology. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis indicated that mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGB1 were significantly inhibited in HMGB1-silenced cells. Cell proliferation and apoptosis analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of HMGB1 silencing on resistant ovarian cancer cells. An MTT assay revealed that the proliferation of HMGB1-silenced SKOV3 and SKOV3-Carb cells were decreased compared with the proliferation of non-silenced control cells. Additionally, HMGB1 protein expression levels in SKOV3 cells, but not in SKOV3-Carb cells, were decreased in response to carboplatin treatment. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining demonstrated that HMGB1 silencing enhanced the effects of carboplatin in inducing the apoptosis of SKOV3-Carb cells relative to HMGB1 non-silenced control cells. The results of the present study suggested that HMGB1 may be involved in the development of carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells and that HMGB1 silencing may induce the sensitization of carboplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin. Therefore, HMGB1 may be considered as a potent therapeutic target for increasing the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin in order to improve the treatment and prognosis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
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13
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Manti S, Cutrupi MC, Cuppari C, Ferro E, Dipasquale V, Di Rosa G, Chimenz R, La Rosa MA, Valenti A, Salpietro V. Inflammatory biomarkers and intellectual disability in patients with Down syndrome. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2018; 62:382-390. [PMID: 29349839 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability (ID) is part of the Down syndrome (DS) phenotypic spectrum, but the exact molecular pathophysiology of ID in individuals with DS is not yet fully understood, with many research hypotheses still unproven. Basing on previous studies (which suggested a possible role of altered inflammatory response in DS-related ID), we assessed the serum levels of a number of inflammatory biomarkers [serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (C-RP), high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1)] in a cohort of individuals with DS and healthy controls. METHODS In total, 24 children diagnosed with DS and 12 healthy controls were enrolled, and all underwent detailed cognitive assessment. Also, serum SAA, C-RP and HMGB1 levels were measured in all recruited subjects and correlated to the severity of ID in the DS group. RESULTS Serum SAA, C-RP and HMGB1 values were found to be significantly higher in the DS group compared with the healthy subjects (P = 0.001). In addition, serum HMGB1 levels positively correlated with C-RP and SAA in the DS group but not in the healthy controls. Only serum C-RP levels resulted inversely correlated (P < 0.01) with intelligence quotient (IQ); conversely, significant statistical correlations between serum SAA levels and IQ (as well as between HMGB1 and IQ) have been not found (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The levels of the determined markers were higher in DS individuals compared with (cognitively) healthy subjects, and CRP showed a negative correlation with IQ in children with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Manti
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University Hospital of Messina, Italy
| | - M C Cutrupi
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University Hospital of Messina, Italy
| | - C Cuppari
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University Hospital of Messina, Italy
| | - E Ferro
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University Hospital of Messina, Italy
| | - V Dipasquale
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University Hospital of Messina, Italy
| | - G Di Rosa
- Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - R Chimenz
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University Hospital of Messina, Italy
| | - M A La Rosa
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University Hospital of Messina, Italy
| | - A Valenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - V Salpietro
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, University College of London, London, UK
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14
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Liu X, Qiu J, Alcon S, Hashim J, Meehan WP, Mannix R. Environmental Enrichment Mitigates Deficits after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2017; 34:2445-2455. [PMID: 28376667 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2016.4823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although environmental enrichment has been shown to improve functional and histologic outcomes in pre-clinical moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), there are a paucity of pre-clinical data regarding enrichment strategies in the setting of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI). Given the vast numbers of athletes and those in the military who sustain rmTBI, the mounting evidence of the long-term and progressive sequelae of rmTBI, and the lack of targeted therapies to mitigate these sequelae, successful enrichment interventions in rmTBI could have large public health significance. Here, we evaluated enrichment strategies in an established pre-clinical rmTBI model. Seventy-one male C57BL/6 mice were randomized to two different housing conditions, environmental enrichment (EE) or normal condition (NC), then subjected to rmTBI injury (seven injuries in 9 days) or sham injury (anesthesia only). Functional outcomes in all four groups (NC-TBI, EE-TBI, NC-sham, and EE-sham) were assessed by motor, exploratory/anxiety, and mnemonic behavioral tests. At the synaptic level, N-methyl d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunit expression of phosphorylated glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1), phosphorylated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), and calpain were evaluated by western blot. Compared to injured NC-TBI mice, EE-TBI mice had improved memory and decreased anxiety and exploratory activity post-injury. Treatment with enrichment also corresponded to normal NMDAR subunit expression, decreased GluR1 phosphorylation, decreased phosphorylated CaMKII, and normal calpain expression post-rmTBI. These data suggest that enrichment strategies may improve functional outcomes and mitigate synaptic changes post-rmTBI. Given that enrichment strategies are feasible in the clinical setting, particularly for athletes and soldiers for whom the risk of repetitive injury is greatest, these data suggest that clinical trials may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixia Liu
- 1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region , Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Qiu
- 2 Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sasha Alcon
- 2 Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jumana Hashim
- 2 Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William P Meehan
- 2 Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts.,4 Sports Concussion Clinic , Division of Sports Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,5 The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention , Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Rebekah Mannix
- 2 Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,3 Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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15
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Omics analysis of mouse brain models of human diseases. Gene 2017; 600:90-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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16
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Huang J, Yang J, Shen Y, Jiang H, Han C, Zhang G, Liu L, Xu X, Li J, Lin Z, Xiong N, Zhang Z, Xiong J, Wang T. HMGB1 Mediates Autophagy Dysfunction via Perturbing Beclin1-Vps34 Complex in Dopaminergic Cell Model. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:13. [PMID: 28197072 PMCID: PMC5281633 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by irreversible dopaminergic neuron loss and intra-neuronal α-synuclein aggregation. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been proven to be involved in autophagy dysfunction induced by α-synuclein accumulation, and the Beclin1-vacuolar protein sorting 34 (Vps34) complex is of great importance to the initiation of autophagy. Nevertheless, the concrete interaction mechanism between HMGB1, α-synuclein and autophagy remains elusive, especially in the context of PD. Here in this study, we investigated the interaction between HMGB1 and α-synuclein in rotenone-induced PD cell models and their roles in autophagy flux. Results revealed elevated expression and cytosolic translocation of endogenous HMGB1 upon rotenone exposure. Besides, HMGB1 was found to be able to co-localize and interact with α-synuclein. Moreover, it had also been proven that HMGB1 could aggravate α-synuclein aggregation induced autophagy dysfunction via perturbing Beclin1-Vps34 complex formation. Based on these findings, we propose that HMGB1 is involved in rotenone-induced dopaminergic cell death via interacting with α-synuclein, perturbing the autophagy process, aggravating protein aggregation and finally propelling dopaminergic neurons to move from morbidity to mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsha Huang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaolong Yang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine Shiyan, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Zhicheng Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, and Mailman Neuroscience Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
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17
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Narne P, Pandey V, Simhadri PK, Phanithi PB. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 hyperactivation in neurodegenerative diseases: The death knell tolls for neurons. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 63:154-166. [PMID: 27867042 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a salient feature of chronic refractory brain disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotropic lateral sclerosis and acute conditions like cerebral ischemia/reperfusion etc. The pathological protein aggregates, mitochondrial mutations or ischemic insults typifying these disease conditions collude with and intensify existing oxidative stress and attendant mitochondrial dysfunction. Interlocking these mechanisms is poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) hyperactivation that invokes a distinct form of neuronal cell death viz., 'parthanatos'. PARP-1, a typical 'moonlighting protein' by virtue of its ability to poly(ADP-ribosyl)ate a plethora of cellular proteins exerts diverse functions that impinge significantly on cellular processes. In addition, its interactions with various nuclear proteins like transcription factors and chromatin modifiers elicit varied transcriptional outcomes that wield pathological cellular responses. Further, emerging leitmotifs like mitochondrial and nucleolar PARPs and the novel aspects of gene expression regulation by PARP-1 and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation can provide a holistic view of PARP-1's influence on cell vitality. In this review, we discuss the pathological underpinnings of PARP-1, with a special emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death subroutines, in the realm of neurodegeneration. This would provide a deeper insight into the functions of PARP-1 in neurodegenerative conditions that would enable the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parimala Narne
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Vimal Pandey
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Simhadri
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Prakash Babu Phanithi
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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18
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Liu XX, Wang C, Huang SF, Chen Q, Hu YF, Zhou L, Gu Y. Regnase-1 in microglia negatively regulates high mobility group box 1-mediated inflammation and neuronal injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24073. [PMID: 27044405 PMCID: PMC4820713 DOI: 10.1038/srep24073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been demonstrated to function as a proinflammatory cytokine and induces neuronal injury in response to various pathological stimuli in central nervous system (CNS). However, the regulatory factor involved in HMGB1-mediated inflammatory signaling is largely unclear. Regulatory RNase 1 (Regnase-1) is a potent anti-inflammation enzyme that can degrade a set of mRNAs encoding proinflammatory cytokines. The present study aims to determine the role of Regnase-1 in the regulation of HMGB1-mediated inflammatory injury in CNS. Cultured microglia and rat brain were treated with recombinant HMGB1 to examine the induction of Regnase-1 expression. Moreover, the role of Regnase-1 in modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and neuronal injury was then investigated in microglia by specific siRNA knockdown upon HMGB1 treatment. Results showed that HMGB1 could significantly induce the de novo synthesis of Regnase-1 in cultured microglia. Consistently, Regnase-1 was elevated and found to be co-localized with microglia marker in the brain of rat treated with HMGB1. Silencing Regnase-1 in microglia enhanced HMGB1-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and exacerbated neuronal toxicity. Collectively, these results suggest that Regnase-1 can be induced by HMGB1 in microglia and negatively regulates HMGB1-mediated neuroinflammation and neuronal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China.,Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital &Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University. Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Fei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Fang Hu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yong Gu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China
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19
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Wang W, Chen X, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Li S, Tan L, Gao J, Fang X, Luo A. Glycyrrhizin attenuates isoflurane-induced cognitive deficits in neonatal rats via its anti-inflammatory activity. Neuroscience 2016; 316:328-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Wang H, Li Z, Sun Y, Xu Z, Han J, Song B, Song W, Qin C, Yin L. Relationship between high-mobility group box 1 overexpression in ovarian cancer tissue and serum: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3523-31. [PMID: 26664135 PMCID: PMC4669932 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s93357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To implement a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) overexpression in the tissue and serum of ovarian cancer patients, and to evaluate its prognostic significance. METHODS Searches were made of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE, WanFang, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases up to August 2015, with no language or style restrictions. Reference lists of related studies were also carefully reviewed to identify additional articles. RESULTS The literature search identified a total of 12 relevant studies on HMGB1 expression for inclusion in the meta-analysis: seven in ovarian tumor tissue, four in ovarian tumor patient serum, and one in both tissue and serum. HMGB1 protein levels in ovarian cancer tissues were notably higher than those in normal ovarian tissues with no evidence of heterogeneity between studies (RD=0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57-0.70, Z=18.70, P<0.00001, I (2)=15%), and also higher than those in benign tumor tissues with no evidence of heterogeneity between studies (RD=0.52, 95% CI: 0.43-0.61, Z=11.14, P<0.00001, I (2)=0). Serum HMGB1 levels were similarly significantly higher in ovarian cancer patients than those with benign tumors or normal ovaries. Pooled mean differences of HMGB1 in ovarian cancer patients compared with patients with benign tumors or normal ovaries were 99.32 with 95% CI: 67.82-130.81, Z=6.18, P<0.00001, and 95.34 with 95% CI: 62.11-128.57, Z=5.62, P<0.0001. The pooled relative risk of ovarian cancer with high vs low HMGB1 expression levels was 1.40 with 95% CI: 1.09-1.79, Z=2.66, P=0.008, heterogeneity I (2)=50%. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that HMGB1 levels in both tissue and serum of ovarian cancer patients were significantly higher than those of benign tumor and normal ovarian samples. High serum or tissue HMGB1 expression may therefore be an effective molecular marker for ovarian benign or malignant tumor diagnosis and patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wang
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China ; Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengjun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlai Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongfa Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Han
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Song
- Cancer Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Song
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China ; Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Qin
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China ; Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China ; Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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21
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DAMPs and neurodegeneration. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 24:17-28. [PMID: 25462192 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The concept of neuroinflammation has come a full circle; from being initially regarded as a controversial viewpoint to its present day acceptance as an integral component of neurodegenerative processes. A closer look at the etiopathogenesis of many neurodegenerative conditions will reveal a patho-symbiotic relationship between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, where the two liaise with each other to form a self-sustaining vicious cycle that facilitates neuronal demise. Here, we focus on damage associated molecular patterns or DAMPs as a potentially important nexus in the context of this lethal neuroinflammation-neurodegeneration alliance. Since their nomenclature as "DAMPs" about a decade ago, these endogenous moieties have consistently been reported as novel players in sterile (non-infective) inflammation. However, their roles in inflammatory responses in the central nervous system (CNS), especially during chronic neurodegenerative disorders are still being actively researched. The aim of this review is to first provide a general overview of the neuroimmune response in the CNS within the purview of DAMPs, its receptors and downstream signaling. This is then followed by discussions on some of the DAMP-mediated neuroinflammatory responses involved in chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Along the way, we also highlighted some important gaps in our existing knowledge regarding the role of DAMPs in neurodegeneration, the clarification of which we believe would aid in the prospects of developing treatment or screening strategies directed at these molecules.
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