1
|
Zheng L, Eramudugolla R, Cherbuin N, Drouin SM, Dixon RA, Anstey KJ. Gender specific factors contributing to cognitive resilience in APOE ɛ4 positive older adults in a population-based sample. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8037. [PMID: 37198167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although APOE ɛ4 has been identified as the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease, there are some APOE ɛ4 carriers who do not go on to develop Alzheimer's disease or cognitive impairment. This study aims to investigate factors contributing to this "resilience" separately by gender. Data were drawn from APOE ɛ4 positive participants who were aged 60 + at baseline in the Personality and Total Health Through Life (PATH) Study (N = 341, Women = 46.3%). Participants were categorised into "resilient" and "non-resilient" groups using Latent Class Analysis based on their cognitive impairment status and cognitive trajectory across 12 years. Logistic regression was used to identify the risk and protective factors that contributed to resilience stratified by gender. For APOE ɛ4 carriers who have not had a stroke, predictors of resilience were increased frequency of mild physical activity and being employed at baseline for men, and increased number of mental activities engaged in at baseline for women. The results provide insights into a novel way of classifying resilience among APOE ɛ4 carriers and risk and protective factors contributing to resilience separately for men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zheng
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia.
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ranmalee Eramudugolla
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Shannon M Drouin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Roger A Dixon
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Heal M, McFall GP, Vergote D, Jhamandas JH, Westaway D, Dixon RA. Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1, rs6733839) and Sex Are Moderators of Vascular Health Predictions of Memory Aging Trajectories. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:265-281. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: A promising risk loci for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1), is thought to operate through the tau pathology pathway. Objective: We examine BIN1 risk for a moderating role with vascular health (pulse pressure; PP) and sex in predictions of episodic memory trajectories in asymptomatic aging adults. Methods: The sample included 623 participants (Baseline Mean age = 70.1; 66.8% female) covering a 44-year longitudinal band (53–97 years). With an established memory latent variable arrayed as individualized trajectories, we applied Mplus 8.5 to determine the best fitting longitudinal growth model. Main analyses were conducted in three sequential phases to investigate: 1) memory trajectory prediction by PP, 2) moderation by BIN1 genetic risk, and 3) stratification by sex. Results: We first confirmed that good vascular health (lower PP) was associated with higher memory level and shallower decline and males were more severely affected by worsening PP in both memory performance and longitudinal decline. Second, the PP prediction of memory trajectories was significant for BIN1 C/C and C/T carriers but not for persons with the highest AD risk (T/T homozygotes). Third, when further stratified by sex, the BIN1 moderation of memory prediction by PP was selective for females. Conclusion: We observed a novel interaction whereby BIN1 (linked with tauopathy in AD) and sex sequentially moderated a benchmark PP prediction of differential memory decline in asymptomatic aging. This multi-modal biomarker interaction approach, disaggregated by sex, can be an effective method for enhancing precision of AD genetic risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Heal
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - G. Peggy McFall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Vergote
- Faculté Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jack H. Jhamandas
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Westaway
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Center for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roger A. Dixon
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Identification of Potential Targets Linked to the Cardiovascular/Alzheimer’s Axis through Bioinformatics Approaches. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020389. [PMID: 35203598 PMCID: PMC8962298 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of common targets in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in recent years makes the study of the CVD/AD axis a research topic of great interest. Besides aging, other links between CVD and AD have been described, suggesting the existence of common molecular mechanisms. Our study aimed to identify common targets in the CVD/AD axis. For this purpose, genomic data from calcified and healthy femoral artery samples were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were used to generate a protein–protein interaction network, where a module related to AD was identified. This module was enriched with the functionally closest proteins and analyzed using different centrality algorithms to determine the main targets in the CVD/AD axis. Validation was performed by proteomic and data mining analyses. The proteins identified with an important role in both pathologies were apolipoprotein E and haptoglobin as DEGs, with a fold change about +2 and −2, in calcified femoral artery vs healthy artery, respectively, and clusterin and alpha-2-macroglobulin as close interactors that matched in our proteomic analysis. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the specific role of these proteins, and to evaluate its function as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sapkota S, McFall GP, Masellis M, Dixon RA. A Multimodal Risk Network Predicts Executive Function Trajectories in Non-demented Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:621023. [PMID: 34603005 PMCID: PMC8482841 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.621023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple modalities of Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factors may operate through interacting networks to predict differential cognitive trajectories in asymptomatic aging. We test such a network in a series of three analytic steps. First, we test independent associations between three risk scores (functional-health, lifestyle-reserve, and a combined multimodal risk score) and cognitive [executive function (EF)] trajectories. Second, we test whether all three associations are moderated by the most penetrant AD genetic risk [Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4+ allele]. Third, we test whether a non-APOE AD genetic risk score further moderates these APOE × multimodal risk score associations. Methods: We assembled a longitudinal data set (spanning a 40-year band of aging, 53-95 years) with non-demented older adults (baseline n = 602; Mage = 70.63(8.70) years; 66% female) from the Victoria Longitudinal Study (VLS). The measures included for each modifiable risk score were: (1) functional-health [pulse pressure (PP), grip strength, and body mass index], (2) lifestyle-reserve (physical, social, cognitive-integrative, cognitive-novel activities, and education), and (3) the combination of functional-health and lifestyle-reserve risk scores. Two AD genetic risk markers included (1) APOE and (2) a combined AD-genetic risk score (AD-GRS) comprised of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; Clusterin[rs11136000], Complement receptor 1[rs6656401], Phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein[rs3851179]). The analytics included confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), longitudinal invariance testing, and latent growth curve modeling. Structural path analyses were deployed to test and compare prediction models for EF performance and change. Results: First, separate analyses showed that higher functional-health risk scores, lifestyle-reserve risk scores, and the combined score, predicted poorer EF performance and steeper decline. Second, APOE and AD-GRS moderated the association between functional-health risk score and the combined risk score, on EF performance and change. Specifically, only older adults in the APOEε4- group showed steeper EF decline with high risk scores on both functional-health and combined risk score. Both associations were further magnified for adults with high AD-GRS. Conclusion: The present multimodal AD risk network approach incorporated both modifiable and genetic risk scores to predict EF trajectories. The results add an additional degree of precision to risk profile calculations for asymptomatic aging populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Sapkota
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G. Peggy McFall
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roger A. Dixon
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Song JH, Xu W, Hou XH, Li JQ, Yu JT, Tan L, Chi S. The Associations of Cerebrospinal Fluid ApoE and Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: Exploring Interactions With Sex. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:633576. [PMID: 33746700 PMCID: PMC7968417 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.633576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-related difference in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been proposed, and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoforms have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ApoE is associated with AD biomarkers and whether the associations are different (between sexes). METHODS Data of 309 participants [92 with normal cognition, 148 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 69 with AD dementia] from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were cross-sectionally evaluated with the multiple linear regression model and longitudinally with the multivariate linear mixed-effects model for the associations of CSF ApoE with AD biomarkers. Sex-ApoE interaction was used to estimate whether sex moderates the associations of CSF ApoE and AD biomarkers. RESULTS Significant interactions between CSF ApoE and sex on AD biomarkers were observed [amyloid-β (Aβ): p = 0.0169 and phosphorylated-tau (p-tau): p = 0.0453]. In women, baseline CSF ApoE levels were significantly associated with baseline Aβ (p = 0.0135) and total-tau (t-tau) (p < 0.0001) as well as longitudinal changes of the biomarkers (Aβ: p = 0.0104; t-tau: p = 0.0110). In men, baseline CSF ApoE levels were only correlated with baseline p-tau (p < 0.0001) and t-tau (p < 0.0001) and did not aggravate AD biomarkers longitudinally. CONCLUSION The associations between CSF ApoE and AD biomarkers were sex-specific. Elevated CSF ApoE was associated with longitudinal changes of AD biomarkers in women, which indicates that CSF ApoE might be involved in the pathogenesis of AD pathology in a sex-specific way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing-Hui Song
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-He Hou
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Song Chi
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Drouin SM, McFall GP, Dixon RA. In multiple facets of subjective memory decline sex moderates memory predictions. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 12:e12089. [PMID: 32875056 PMCID: PMC7447903 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two established subjective memory decline facets (SMD; complaints, concerns) are early indicators of memory decline and Alzheimer's disease. We report (1) a four-facet SMD inventory (memory complaints, concerns, compensation, self-efficacy) and (2) prediction of memory change and moderation by sex. METHODS The longitudinal design featured 40 years (53 to 97) of non-demented aging (n = 580) from the Victoria Longitudinal Study. Statistical analyses included confirmatory factor analyses and conditional latent growth modeling. RESULTS The four-facet SMD Inventory was psychometrically confirmed. Longitudinal analyses revealed significant variability in level and change for SMD and memory. Prediction analyses showed complaints and concerns predicted lower level and steeper memory decline; however, follow-up moderation analyses revealed selective predictions for females. Memory compensation predicted decline overall. Lower memory self-efficacy predicted steeper decline selectively for males. DISCUSSION Although traditional and novel SMD facets predicted memory decline, differential sex moderation was observed. SMD research benefits from conceptual complementarity and precision prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Peggy McFall
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
| | - Roger A. Dixon
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health InstituteUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonCanada
| |
Collapse
|