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Capolla S, Colombo F, De Maso L, Mauro P, Bertoncin P, Kähne T, Engler A, Núñez L, Spretz R, Larsen G, Dal Bo M, Toffoli G, Macor P. Surface antibody changes protein corona both in human and mouse serum but not final opsonization and elimination of targeted polymeric nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:376. [PMID: 37838659 PMCID: PMC10576379 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles represent one of the most important innovations in the medical field. Among nanocarriers, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) attracted much attention due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and capacity to increase efficacy and safety of encapsulated drugs. Another important improvement in the use of nanoparticles as delivery systems is the conjugation of a targeting agent that enables the nanoparticles to accumulate in a specific tissue. Despite these advantages, the clinical translation of therapeutic approaches based on nanoparticles is prevented by their interactions with blood proteins. In fact, the so-formed protein corona (PC) drastically alters the biological identity of the particles. Adsorbed activated proteins of the complement cascade play a pivotal role in the clearance of nanoparticles, making them more easily recognized by macrophages, leading to their rapid elimination from the bloodstream and limiting their efficacy. Since the mouse is the most used preclinical model for human disease, this work compared human and mouse PC formed on untargeted PNPs (uPNPs) and targeted PNPs (tPNPs), paying particular attention to complement activation. RESULTS Mouse and human serum proteins adsorbed differently to PNPs. The differences in the binding of mouse complement proteins are minimal, whereas human complement components strongly distinguish the two particles. This is probably due to the human origin of the Fc portion of the antibody used as targeting agent on tPNPs. tPNPs and uPNPs mainly activate complement via the classical and alternative pathways, respectively, but this pattern did not affect their binding and internalization in macrophages and only a limited consumption of the activity of the human complement system was documented. CONCLUSIONS The results clearly indicate the presence of complement proteins on PNPs surface but partially derived from an unspecific deposition rather than an effective complement activation. The presence of a targeting antibody favors the activation of the classical pathway, but its absence allows an increased activation of the alternative pathway. This results in similar opsonization of both PNPs and similar phagocytosis by macrophages, without an impairment of the activity of circulating complement system and, consequently, not enhancing the susceptibility to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Capolla
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, 33081, Italy
| | - Federico Colombo
- Institute for Molecular Systems Engineering and Advanced Materials (IMSEAM), Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Luca De Maso
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Prisca Mauro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Paolo Bertoncin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Thilo Kähne
- Institute of Exptl. Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Alexander Engler
- Institute of Exptl. Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Luis Núñez
- BioTarget Inc, Chicago, IL, USA
- Natural Science Department, Concordia University, 7400 Augusta St, River Forest, IL, 60305, USA
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Ruben Spretz
- BioTarget Inc, Chicago, IL, USA
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Gustavo Larsen
- BioTarget Inc, Chicago, IL, USA
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, 33081, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, 33081, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri n. 5, Trieste, 34127, Italy.
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Capolla S, Garrovo C, Zorzet S, Lorenzon A, Rampazzo E, Spretz R, Pozzato G, Núñez L, Tripodo C, Macor P, Biffi S. Targeted tumor imaging of anti-CD20-polymeric nanoparticles developed for the diagnosis of B-cell malignancies. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:4099-109. [PMID: 26124662 PMCID: PMC4482368 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s78995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The expectations of nanoparticle (NP)-based targeted drug delivery systems in cancer, when compared with convectional therapeutic methods, are greater efficacy and reduced drug side effects due to specific cellular-level interactions. However, there are conflicting literature reports on enhanced tumor accumulation of targeted NPs, which is essential for translating their applications as improved drug-delivery systems and contrast agents in cancer imaging. In this study, we characterized biodegradable NPs conjugated with an anti-CD20 antibody for in vivo imaging and drug delivery onto tumor cells. NPs' binding specificity mediated by anti-CD20 antibody was evaluated on MEC1 cells and chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients' cells. The whole-body distribution of untargeted NPs and anti-CD20 NPs were compared by time-domain optical imaging in a localized human/mouse model of B-cell malignancy. These studies provided evidence that NPs' functionalization by an anti-CD20 antibody improves tumor pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo after systemic administration and increases in vivo imaging of tumor mass compared to non-targeted NPs. Together, drug delivery and imaging probe represents a promising theranostics tool for targeting B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Capolla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Garrovo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Sonia Zorzet
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Lorenzon
- Animal Care Unit, Cluster in Biomedicine (CBM scrl), Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Rampazzo
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Pozzato
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luis Núñez
- Bio-Target, Inc., University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Macor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy ; Callerio Foundation Onlus, Institutes of Biological Researches, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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Mezzaroba N, Zorzet S, Secco E, Biffi S, Tripodo C, Calvaruso M, Mendoza-Maldonado R, Capolla S, Granzotto M, Spretz R, Larsen G, Noriega S, Lucafò M, Mansilla E, Garrovo C, Marín GH, Baj G, Gattei V, Pozzato G, Núñez L, Macor P. New potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of B-Cell malignancies using chlorambucil/hydroxychloroquine-loaded anti-CD20 nanoparticles. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74216. [PMID: 24098639 PMCID: PMC3787049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Current B-cell disorder treatments take advantage of dose-intensive chemotherapy regimens and immunotherapy via use of monoclonal antibodies. Unfortunately, they may lead to insufficient tumor distribution of therapeutic agents, and often cause adverse effects on patients. In this contribution, we propose a novel therapeutic approach in which relatively high doses of Hydroxychloroquine and Chlorambucil were loaded into biodegradable nanoparticles coated with an anti-CD20 antibody. We demonstrate their ability to effectively target and internalize in tumor B-cells. Moreover, these nanoparticles were able to kill not only p53 mutated/deleted lymphoma cell lines expressing a low amount of CD20, but also circulating primary cells purified from chronic lymphocitic leukemia patients. Their safety was demonstrated in healthy mice, and their therapeutic effects in a new model of Burkitt's lymphoma. The latter serves as a prototype of an aggressive lympho-proliferative disease. In vitro and in vivo data showed the ability of anti-CD20 nanoparticles loaded with Hydroxychloroquine and Chlorambucil to increase tumor cell killing in comparison to free cytotoxic agents or Rituximab. These results shed light on the potential of anti-CD20 nanoparticles carrying Hydroxychloroquine and Chlorambucil for controlling a disseminated model of aggressive lymphoma, and lend credence to the idea of adopting this therapeutic approach for the treatment of B-cell disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Mezzaroba
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sonia Zorzet
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Erika Secco
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Biffi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Calvaruso
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ramiro Mendoza-Maldonado
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Capolla
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marilena Granzotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ruben Spretz
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Gustavo Larsen
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
- Bio-Target, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sandra Noriega
- LNK Chemsolutions LLC, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Marianna Lucafò
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eduardo Mansilla
- Centro Único Coordinador de Ablación e Implante Provincia de Buenos Aires, Ministry of Health, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chiara Garrovo
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Cluster in BioMedicine, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gustavo H. Marín
- Centro Único Coordinador de Ablación e Implante Provincia de Buenos Aires, Ministry of Health, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriele Baj
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valter Gattei
- Clinical and Experimental Onco-Hematology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pozzato
- Dipartimento Universitario Clinico di Scienze mediche, Chirurgiche e della Salute, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luis Núñez
- Bio-Target, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Paolo Macor
- Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- * E-mail:
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LaMarca B, Wallace K, Herse F, Wallukat G, Martin JN, Weimer A, Dechend R. Hypertension in response to placental ischemia during pregnancy: role of B lymphocytes. Hypertension 2011; 57:865-71. [PMID: 21357287 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.167569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is associated with innate inflammatory response resulting in elevated tumor necrosis factor-α, agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin II type I receptor, and activation of endothelin 1 (ET-1). This study was designed to determine the role of B-cell depletion, resulting in agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin II type I receptor suppression to mediate hypertension via activation of ET-1 in the placental ischemic reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of preeclampsia. To achieve this goal we examined the effect of RUPP on mean arterial pressure and ET-1 in the presence and absence of chronically infused rituximab (R; 250 mg/kg), a B-lymphocyte-suppressive agent used clinically to treat autoimmune diseases. Mean arterial pressure was 103±1 mm Hg in normal pregnant (NP) rats; 103±3 mm Hg in NP+R versus 133±2 mm Hg in RUPP rats, and 118±2 mm Hg in RUPP+R rats (P<0.001 vs RUPP controls). B lymphocytes decreased from 6.0±0.5% gated cells in RUPP to 3.7±0.8% gated cells in RUPP+R rats. Importantly, agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin II type I receptor decreased from 18±1 bpm in RUPP rats to 10±1 bpm in RUPP+R rats. ET-1 decreased 1.5-fold in kidneys and 4-fold in the placenta (P<0.01) of RUPP+R versus RUPP rats. Media ET-1 excretion from endothelial cells exposed to serum from NP, RUPP, NP+R, or RUPP+R rats was determined. ET-1 from endothelial cells treated with NP serum was 53+13 pg/mg and increased to 75+10 pg/mg with RUPP serum. In contrast, ET-1 secretion decreased in response to B-cell-depleted RUPP serum to 50±8 pg/mg and was unchanged in response to NP+R sera (46±12 pg/mg). These data demonstrate the important roles that B-lymphocyte activation and agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin II type I receptors play in the pathophysiology of hypertension in response to placental ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babbette LaMarca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA.
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