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Li S, Li C, Liu Q, Pei Y, Wang L, Shen Z. An Actinic Keratosis Auxiliary Diagnosis Method Based on an Enhanced MobileNet Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:732. [PMID: 37370662 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common precancerous skin lesion with significant harm, and it is often confused with non-actinic keratoses (NAK). At present, the diagnosis of AK mainly depends on clinical experience and histopathology. Due to the high difficulty of diagnosis and easy confusion with other diseases, this article aims to develop a convolutional neural network that can efficiently, accurately, and automatically diagnose AK. This article improves the MobileNet model and uses the AK and NAK images in the HAM10000 dataset for training and testing after data preprocessing, and we performed external independent testing using a separate dataset to validate our preprocessing approach and to demonstrate the performance and generalization capability of our model. It further compares common deep learning models in the field of skin diseases (including the original MobileNet, ResNet, GoogleNet, EfficientNet, and Xception). The results show that the improved MobileNet has achieved 0.9265 in accuracy and 0.97 in Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), which is the best among the comparison models. At the same time, it has the shortest training time, and the total time of five-fold cross-validation on local devices only takes 821.7 s. Local experiments show that the method proposed in this article has high accuracy and stability in diagnosing AK. Our method will help doctors diagnose AK more efficiently and accurately, allowing patients to receive timely diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chengquan Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qicai Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yilin Pei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liyang Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhu Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Babino G, Caccavale S, Pinto D, Trink A, Giuliani G, Rinaldi F, Argenziano G. A Randomized Double-Blind Parallel-Group Study to Evaluate the Long-Term Effects of a Medical Device Containing 0.3% Octatrienoic Acid in the Treatment of Grade III Actinic Keratosis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 11:1751-1762. [PMID: 34476756 PMCID: PMC8484398 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00594-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Actinic keratosis (AK) consists of skin lesions with a milder degree of keratinocytic atypia. It can be also referred to as "field of cancerization," which can potentially evolve to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Several therapeutic options are currently available, but not all are indicated on hyperkeratotic lesions. This study aimed to test the efficacy and tolerability of a medical device containing 2,4,6-octatrienoic acid and urea for the treatment of hyperkeratotic AK lesions. METHODS Seventy male and female subjects with grade III AK were enrolled in this randomized double-blind parallel-group study. The product was applied once daily for three consecutive months. The primary efficacy endpoint was the reduction in the mean number of AK lesions per subject from baseline (T0) to the end of the trial (T1) and 3 months after the end of the treatment period (T2). Therefore, clearance of target AK lesions at the end of the treatment period and local skin reaction score (LSR) versus baseline were evaluated. RESULTS There was a decrease of mean values from baseline to visit T2 in both treatment groups, but the decrease (versus baseline values) was more evident in the Kerà K2 group than in the placebo group (-42.78, SD 26.53, versus -6.20, SD 31.57), and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). For 70 subjects (56.7%) in the Kerà K2 group and 3 (11.54%) in the placebo group, a significant (p < 0.005) partial clearance was evidenced. The product was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported during the duration of the trial. Subject self-assessment of acceptability, local tolerability, and the cosmetic result was good at both T1 and T2 for both groups. CONCLUSIONS The medical device has demonstrated good efficacy in the reduction of visible AKs, encouraging its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Babino
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Caccavale
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Pinto
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project, HMAP, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Trink
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project, HMAP, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Rinaldi
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project, HMAP, Milan, Italy.
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Zhu AQ, Wang LF, Li XL, Wang Q, Li MX, Ma YY, Xiang LH, Guo LH, Xu HX. High-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of the spectrum of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: Noninvasively distinguishing actinic keratosis, Bowen's Disease, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:831-840. [PMID: 33751714 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) features for diagnosing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) as a spectrum of progressively advanced malignancies, including precursor actinic keratosis (AK), Bowen's disease (BD), and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (iSCC). METHOD In this retrospective study, 160 skin lesions diagnosed histopathologically (54 AK, 54 BD, and 52 iSCC) in 160 patients were included. The HFUS features of AK, BD, and iSCC were analyzed. The obtained data were evaluated using univariate and forward multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The most significant HFUS features in AK were regular surface (odds ratio [OR], 8.42) and irregular basal border (OR, 6.36). The most significant HFUS features in BD were crumpled surface (OR, 19.62) and layer involvement confined to the epidermis (OR, 3.96). The most significant HFUS features in iSCC were concave surface (OR, 27.06), stratum corneum (SC) detachment (OR, 14.41), irregular basal border (OR, 4.01), and convex surface (OR, 3.73). The characteristics of surface features, basal border, and layer involvement could be valuable HFUS clues in the discrimination of AK, BD, and iSCC. CONCLUSION High-frequency ultrasound is valuable for the differentiation of AK, BD, and iSCC, which may allow dynamic and noninvasive monitoring in the spectrum of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Qi Zhu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Fan Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Long Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Xu Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ma
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hua Xiang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Le-Hang Guo
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tumor Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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Wessely A, Steeb T, Heppt F, Hornung A, Kaufmann MD, Koch EAT, Toussaint F, Erdmann M, Berking C, Heppt MV. A Critical Appraisal of Evidence- and Consensus-Based Guidelines for Actinic Keratosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:950-960. [PMID: 33617511 PMCID: PMC7985770 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Actinic keratoses (AK) are common lesions of the skin that can be effectively treated with several lesion- and field-directed treatments. Clinical practice guidelines assist physicians in choosing the appropriate treatment options for their patients. Here, we aimed to systematically identify and evaluate the methodological quality of currently available guidelines for AK. Guidelines published within the last 5 years were identified in a systematic search of guideline databases, Medline and Embase. Then, six independent reviewers evaluated the methodological quality using the tools "Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation" (AGREE II) and "Recommendation EXcellence" (AGREE-REX). The Kruskal-Wallis (H) test was used to explore differences among subgroups and Spearman's correlation to examine the relationship between individual domains. Three guidelines developed by consortia from Canada, Germany and the United Kingdom were eligible for the evaluation. The German guideline achieved the highest scores, fulfilling 65 to 92% of the criteria in AGREE II and 67 to 84% in AGREE-REX, whereas the Canadian guideline scored 31 to 71% of the criteria in AGREE II and 33 to 46% in AGREE-REX. The domains "stakeholder involvement" and "values and preferences" were identified as methodological weaknesses requiring particular attention and improvement in future guideline efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Wessely
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Theresa Steeb
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franz Heppt
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annkathrin Hornung
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias D. Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elias A. T. Koch
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frédéric Toussaint
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Erdmann
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus V. Heppt
- Department of Dermatology, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.W.); (T.S.); (F.H.); (A.H.); (M.D.K.); (E.A.T.K.); (F.T.); (M.E.); (C.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-85-35747
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Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: What Do We Currently Know in 2020? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239300. [PMID: 33291277 PMCID: PMC7730197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer that predominantly arises in chronically sun-damaged skin. Immunosuppression, genetic disorders such as xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), exposure to certain drugs and environmental noxae have been identified as major risk factors. Surgical removal of cSCC is the therapy of choice and mostly curative in early stages. However, a minority of patients develop locally advanced tumors or distant metastases that are still challenging to treat. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting CTLA-4, PD-L1 and PD-1 has tremendously changed the field of oncological therapy and especially the treatment of skin cancers as tumors with a high mutational burden. In this review, we focus on the differences between cSCC and cutaneous melanoma (CM) and their implications on therapy, summarize the current evidence on ICB for the treatment of advanced cSCC and discuss the chances and pitfalls of this therapy option for this cancer entity. Furthermore, we focus on special subgroups of interest such as organ transplant recipients, patients with hematologic malignancies, XP and field cancerization.
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Wang L, Chen A, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Shen Q, Xue Y. AK-DL: A Shallow Neural Network Model for Diagnosing Actinic Keratosis with Better Performance Than Deep Neural Networks. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10040217. [PMID: 32294962 PMCID: PMC7235884 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common precancerous skin lesions, which is easily confused with benign keratosis (BK). At present, the diagnosis of AK mainly depends on histopathological examination, and ignorance can easily occur in the early stage, thus missing the opportunity for treatment. In this study, we designed a shallow convolutional neural network (CNN) named actinic keratosis deep learning (AK-DL) and further developed an intelligent diagnostic system for AK based on the iOS platform. After data preprocessing, the AK-DL model was trained and tested with AK and BK images from dataset HAM10000. We further compared it with mainstream deep CNN models, such as AlexNet, GoogLeNet, and ResNet, as well as traditional medical image processing algorithms. Our results showed that the performance of AK-DL was better than the mainstream deep CNN models and traditional medical image processing algorithms based on the AK dataset. The recognition accuracy of AK-DL was 0.925, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.887, and the training time was only 123.0 s. An iOS app of intelligent diagnostic system was developed based on the AK-DL model for accurate and automatic diagnosis of AK. Our results indicate that it is better to employ a shallow CNN in the recognition of AK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.W.); (X.W.); (Q.S.)
| | - Angxuan Chen
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (A.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (A.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.W.); (X.W.); (Q.S.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (A.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qun Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.W.); (X.W.); (Q.S.)
| | - Yong Xue
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (L.W.); (X.W.); (Q.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Cantisani C, Paolino G, Scarnò M, Didona D, Tallarico M, Moliterni E, Losco L, Cantoresi F, Mercuri SR, Bottoniτ U, Calvieri S. Sequential methyl-aminolevulinate daylight photodynamic therapy and diclofenac plus hyaluronic acid gel treatment for multiple actinic keratosis evaluation. Dermatol Ther 2018; 31:e12710. [PMID: 30253027 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Cantisani
- UOC of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Giovanni Paolino
- Dermatology and Cosmetology Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Scarnò
- Super Computing Applications and Innovation (SCAI), CINECA, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Didona
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Elisa Moliterni
- UOC of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Luigi Losco
- UOC of Plastic Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Franca Cantoresi
- UOC of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome
| | | | - Ugo Bottoniτ
- UOS of Dermatology, University of Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Calvieri
- UOC of Dermatology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome
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8
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Latteri S, Catania VE, Malaguarnera G, Peri A, Bertino G, Frazzetto G, Borzì AM, Biondi A, Perrotta RE, Malaguarnera M. Carcinoembryonic Antigen Serum Levels in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6010024. [PMID: 29473860 PMCID: PMC5874681 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein, which is present in the foetal colon, some benign conditions and different malignancies, particularly in colon adenocarcinoma. We focused this study on non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). NMSC is a common malignancy and it is an important source of morbidity and death in the world. In this study we evaluated whether CEA level increases in NMSC. Patients and Methods: A total of 566 patients with non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) were enrolled; 286 patients with NMSC showed CEA levels above normal values, and 280 showed CEA levels below normal values. Patients with high levels of CEA underwent abdominal ultrasound, gastro endoscopy, colonoscopy, and abdominal CT scans. Results: We studied 566 patients, 286 were positive to CEA and 280 were negative. Of the 286 patients positive to CEA, 132 had basal cell carcinoma (64 patients had an associated cancer) and 154 had squamous cell carcinoma (75 patients were affected by cancer). Of the 280 patients negative to CEA, 130 had basal cell carcinoma (12 were associated with cancer), and 150 had squamous cell carcinoma (18 were associated with cancer). The mean age of the 566 case control subjects were 65–81 years. Of the 10 subjects that were the positive control for CEA, two had cancer. Of the 556 subjects that were the negative control for CEA, three had cancer. Conclusions: In patients that present high serum levels of CEA, we give attention to adenocarcinoma tumour first. The pattern of association may be attributable to bias because the group with NMSC were frequently evaluated than those with no history of NMSC. Our results showed that out of 286 patients that were CEA-positive, 139 had cancer, and of the 280 that were CEA-negative, 30 had cancer. Therefore, 20% of patients do not follow the trend. Other markers should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Latteri
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Vito Emanuele Catania
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giulia Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
- Research Centre "The Great Senescence", University of Catania, 95120 Catania, Italy.
| | - Andrea Peri
- Department of General Surgery, Policlinico "San Matteo", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Bertino
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Frazzetto
- Research Centre "The Great Senescence", University of Catania, 95120 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Maria Borzì
- Research Centre "The Great Senescence", University of Catania, 95120 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgery Specialties, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Rosario Emanuele Perrotta
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgery Specialties, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Michele Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
- Research Centre "The Great Senescence", University of Catania, 95120 Catania, Italy.
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