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Çakmak G, Donmez MB, Molinero-Mourelle P, Kahveci Ç, Abou-Ayash S, Peutzfeldt A, Yilmaz B. Fracture resistance of additively or subtractively manufactured resin-based definitive crowns: Effect of restorative material, resin cement, and cyclic loading. Dent Mater 2024:S0109-5641(24)00121-0. [PMID: 38777731 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate how restorative material, resin cement, and cyclic loading affect the fracture resistance of resin-based crowns fabricated by using additive or subtractive manufacturing. METHODS A right first molar crown standard tessellation language (STL) file was used to fabricate 120 crowns from one subtractively manufactured polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (SM) and two additively manufactured resin composites (AM-B and AM-S) (N = 40). These crowns were randomly divided into 4 groups within each material according to the dual-polymerizing resin cement to be used (RX and PN) and the aging condition (n = 10). After cementation, the crowns without cyclic loading were subjected to fracture testing, while the others were first cyclically loaded (1.7 Hz, 1.2 million cycles, and 49-N load) and then subjected to fracture testing. Data were analyzed with generalized linear model analysis (α = .05). RESULTS Fracture resistance of the crowns was affected by material, resin cement, and cyclic loading (P ≤ .030). However, none of the interactions significantly affected fracture resistance of tested crowns (P ≥ .140). Among tested materials, SM had the highest fracture resistance, whereas AM-B had the lowest (P ≤ .025). RX led to higher fracture resistance, and cyclic loading decreased the fracture resistance (P ≤ .026). SIGNIFICANCE Tested materials can be considered reliable in terms of fracture resistance in short- or mid-term (5 years of intraoral simulation) when used for single molar crowns with 2 mm occlusal thickness. In the long term, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network crowns cemented with RelyX Universal may provide promising results and be less prone to complications considering higher fracture resistance values obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülce Çakmak
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Borga Donmez
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istinye University, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Pedro Molinero-Mourelle
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Samir Abou-Ayash
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Peutzfeldt
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Alghazzawi TF. Relation of Crown Failure Load to Flexural Strength for Three Contemporary Dental Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4312. [PMID: 37959992 PMCID: PMC10649243 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric materials show great promise for use in a variety of dental applications. Manufacturers generally provide flexural strength information based on standardized (ISO and ASTM) specimen dimensions and loading conditions. It is not clear, however, if flexural strength data are predictive of the clinical performance of dental crowns. The objectives of this study were, therefore, to determine whether flexural strengths, as measured via three-point bending (3PB), would be predictive of failure loads assessed via crunch-the-crown (CTC) tests. Three brands of polymers (Trilor, Juvora, and Pekkton) were fabricated into rectangular bars and fully contoured crowns (10 specimens of each polymer brand, 30 specimens of each shape). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and burn off tests were used to characterize/confirm the materials. Bars were tested blindly in 3PB to determine flexural strength, and crowns were CTC-tested to determine failure load after luting to resin abutments. The statistical significance of the test results was evaluated via one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) and Pearson's correlation coefficient, while regression analysis was used to test for a correlation between 3PB and CTC results. The fracture mechanisms and failure surface characteristics were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the mean crown failure loads (Trilor (7033 N) > Juvora (5217 N) > Pekkton (3023 N)) and mean flexural strengths of the bars (Trilor (468 MPa) > Juvora (197 MPa) = Pekkton (192 MPa)). The mode of crown fracture was different between the materials and included deformation (Juvora), ductile-to-brittle fracture (Pekkton), and a combination of cracks and deformation (Trilor). Flexural strengths did not correlate with the corresponding crown failure loads for any of the materials tested. These results suggest that dental practitioners should not rely on the flexural strengths reported from three-point bending tests, as advertised by the manufacturer, to predict the performance of polymeric crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq F. Alghazzawi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah 42353, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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El-khbeer AA, Ghorab S, Attia A. Bond Strength of Zirconia Ceramics to Dentin Using Two Resin Cements: Influence of Dentin Conditioning.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3067702/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dentin adhesion has difficult challenge compared to enamel adhesion. The purpose of the current study was to assess the impact of different dentin conditioning methods and two different resin cements on bond strength of zirconia ceramics to dentin.
Methods
A total of 64 zirconia discs were fabricated using CAD/CAM technology according to the desired dimensions (8mm diameter ×3mm thickness). A total of 64molars mounted in plastic rings with acrylic resin were prepared by exposing flat coronal dentin surfaces by removing the occlusal enamel and superficial dentin. The prepared molars were divided into 4 main groups (n = 16) according to dentin surface treatment; Dentin left as cutted, treated with EDTA, treated with Polyacrylic Acid (PAA), treated with self-etch adhesive. Each main group was subdivided into 2 subgroups (n = 8) according to luting cement used. One of the subgroups, zirconia discs were bonded to conditioned dentin surface using adhesive resin cement (VITA ADIVA® F-CEM). The other subgroup was bonded using self-adhesive resin cement (Calibra®Universal). After bonding, all specimens were stored in water bath at 37⁰C for 6 months followed by 10.000 thermal cycles. After artificial aging, all bonded specimens underwent shear bond strength testing using universal testing machine. The data was parametric and normally distributed. Two-way ANOVA was used to test significant difference in shear stress between cements and between surface treatments followed by post hoc Tukey test for correction of p value resulted from multiple comparisons. P is significant if < 0.05 at confidence interval 95%.
Results
There was a significant difference in shear bond strength between surface treatments. The highest shear bond strength was reported with Self-etch adhesive, followed by PAA, then EDTA surface treatments, and the lowest shear bond strength was reported with as cutted dentin. Also,There was a significant difference between each two surface treatments except between PAA and EDTA for adhesive resin cement group.
Conclusion
Define dentin surface treatment with self etch adhesive is recommended before bonding zirconia restoration overall the conditioning materials, followed by PAA and EDTA. Specially with self-adhesive resin cement (Calibra universal cement).
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Nueesch R, Karlin S, Fischer J, Rohr N. In Vitro Investigation of Material Combinations for Meso- and Suprastructures in a Biomimetic Approach to Restore One-Piece Zirconia Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1355. [PMID: 36836985 PMCID: PMC9960926 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to find a suitable material combination to avoid cement excess in the marginal region of one-piece zirconia implant-supported restorations by means of a hybrid crown consisting of a meso- and a suprastructure. One-piece zirconia implants (n = 120) were embedded in epoxy resin. Microfilled resin composite mesostructures (n = 60), designed as caps, were bonded on the implant abutment with a primer only. A molar crown was constructed and cemented with a resin cement on top of the mesostructure as a suprastructure out of feldspar ceramic (n = 12), lithium-disilicate (n = 24), or zirconia (n = 24). Fracture load (n = 6) and retention force (n = 6) were measured immediately after storage in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h, as well as after an additional exposure to artificial aging in a chewing simulator and simultaneous thermal cycling. For the measurement of the fracture load, monolithic crowns made of the employed restorative materials and identical in shape to the hybrid crowns served as controls (n = 6 each). Fracture load values for feldspar ceramic and lithium-disilicate hybrid crowns were slightly higher than those for the respective monolithic crowns at baseline and after aging, which was statistically significant only for feldspar crowns after aging. In contrast, fracture load values for zirconia monolithic crowns were higher than those for zirconia hybrid crowns, which was only statistically significant after aging. Artificial aging reduced the fracture load of feldspar and lithium-disilicate crowns both for hybrid and monolithic crowns. The effect was only statistically significant for lithium disilicate hybrid crowns. The fracture load for hybrid and monolithic zirconia crowns was increased by artificial aging without reaching statistical significance. The retention force of lithium-disilicate and zirconia hybrid crowns was not affected by artificial aging. Taking into account retention force and fracture load, lithium-disilicate hybrid crowns showed promising results.
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Chowdhury MA, Hossain N, Mostofa MG, Mia MR, Tushar M, Rana MM, Hossain MH. Green synthesis and characterization of zirconium nanoparticlefor dental implant applications. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12711. [PMID: 36685390 PMCID: PMC9850058 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Green synthesis is a promising and cost-effective technique to synthesize nanoparticles from plant extract. The present study shows the green synthesis of zirconium nanoparticles using the extract of ginger, garlic, and zirconium nitride. The obtained nanoparticles were studied for potential dental implant applications. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and antibacterial analysis. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of various organic compounds in the synthesized nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were spherical, triangular, and irregular, with varying sizes confirmed by FESEM analysis. The nanoparticles synthesized from the combination of garlic and ginger, and zirconium exhibited potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Anti-biofilm, anti-microbial activity, biointegration formation, and cell mechanism survival are also mentioned. Thus, the synthesized nanoparticles can be a good candidate for a dental implant because of their excellent antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET), Gazipur, Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Nayem Hossain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh,Corresponding author.
| | - Md. Golam Mostofa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET), Gazipur, Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Riyad Mia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET), Gazipur, Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Tushar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET), Gazipur, Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Masud Rana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Helal Hossain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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Rohr N, Märtin S, Zitzmann NU, Fischer J. A comprehensive in vitro study on the performance of two different strategies to simplify adhesive bonding. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:833-842. [PMID: 35305288 PMCID: PMC9543337 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study is to compare the bonding performance and mechanical properties of two different resin composite cements using simplified adhesive bonding strategies. Materials and methods Shear bond strength of two resin composite cements (an adhesive cement: Panavia V5 [PV5] and a self‐adhesive cement: RelyX Universal [RUV]) to human enamel, dentin, and a variety of restorative materials (microfilled composite, composite, polymer‐infiltrated ceramic, feldspar ceramic, lithium disilicate and zirconia) was measured. Thermocycle aging was performed with selected material combinations. Results For both cements, the highest shear bond strength to dentin was achieved when using a primer (PV5: 18.0 ± 4.2 MPa, RUV: 18.2 ± 3.3 MPa). Additional etching of dentin reduced bond strength for RUV (12.5 ± 4.9 MPa). On enamel, PV5 achieved the highest bond strength when the primer was used (18.0 ± 3.1 MPa), while for RUV etching of enamel and priming provided best results (21.2 ± 6.6 MPa). Shear bond strength of RUV to restorative materials was superior to PV5. Bonding to resin‐based materials was predominantly observed for RUV. Conclusions While use of RUV with the selective‐etch technique is slightly more labor intensive than PV5, RUV (with its universal primer) displayed a high‐bonding potential to all tested restorative materials, especially to resin. Clinical significance For a strong adhesion to the tooth substrate, PV5 (with its tooth primer) is to be preferred because etching with phosphoric acid is not required. However, when using a wide range of varying restorative materials, RUV with its universal primer seems to be an adequate option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Rohr
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Märtin
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola U Zitzmann
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Fischer
- Biomaterials and Technology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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In Vitro Investigations in a Biomimetic Approach to Restore One-Piece Zirconia Implants. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164361. [PMID: 34442883 PMCID: PMC8400740 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the fracture load and retention force of different bonding systems while restoring one-piece zirconia implants with a novel cementation approach using a mesostructure. Polymer-infiltrated ceramic mesostructures (n = 112) were therefore designed as caps on the implant abutment, and a molar feldspathic ceramic crown was constructed on top of it as a suprastructure. For cementation, different bonding systems were used. Fracture load and retention force were measured immediately after storage in water at 37 °C for 24 h (n = 8) as well as after artificial aging in a chewing simulator and subsequent thermal cycling (n = 8). Combined restorations showed higher fracture load compared to monolithic restorations of polymer-infiltrated ceramic (n = 8) or feldspathic ceramic (n = 8) identical in shape. However, the fracture load of the combined restorations was significantly affected by aging, independent of the primers and cements used. Restorations cemented with primers containing methyl methacrylate and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate exhibited the highest retention force values. Aging did not affect the retention force significantly. Similar fracture load values can be expected from combination restorations when compared with monolithic crowns.
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