Effect of Hydrogen Dioxide Treatment on the Osteogenic Potential of Duck-beak Bone-derived Natural Bioceramic Microparticles

Evaluation of Goose-beak Bone Particles for Dentoalveolar Reconstruction in Dogs

BACKGROUND/AIM

Tooth extraction is a common procedure in dental clinics. Tooth extraction can destroy gingiva, alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments and cement. If dental sockets are left as extracted, it will result in loss of teeth, as well as voice and aesthetic problems. A natural hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramic bone graft substitute developed from goose-beak bone particles (GBPs) was used for dentoalveolar reconstruction in a canine model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Four adult (18-22 months old) male beagle dogs weighing 8.2-9.6 kg were included in the study. Eight alveolar extraction sockets in the four dogs were divided randomly into two groups and a split-mouth design was established; control group, socket filled with commercial synthetic HA; tested group, socket filled with granulated GBP.

RESULTS

Micro-CT analysis and hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining of non-decalcified sections were undertaken. Examination revealed that dentoalveolar reconstruction was initiated from the periphery of the host bone, and newly formed bone was well integrated with the GBP. Bone apposition was observed at the edge of the host bone-GBP interface.

CONCLUSION

A natural ceramic powder obtained from GBP is suitable for use in dentoalveolar reconstruction in dogs.

The Impact of Bioceramic Scaffolds on Bone Regeneration in Preclinical In Vivo Studies: A Systematic Review

Bioceramic scaffolds are appealing for alveolar bone regeneration, because they are emerging as promising alternatives to autogenous and heterogenous bone grafts. The aim of this systematic review is to answer to the focal question: in critical-sized bone defects in experimental animal models, does the use of a bioceramic scaffolds improve new bone formation, compared with leaving the empty defect without grafting materials or using autogenous bone or deproteinized bovine-derived bone substitutes? Electronic databases were searched using specific search terms. A hand search was also undertaken. Only randomized and controlled studies in the English language, published in peer-reviewed journals between 2013 and 2018, using critical-sized bone defect models in non-medically compromised animals, were considered. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the SYRCLE tool. A meta-analysis was planned to synthesize the evidence, if possible. Thirteen studies reporting on small animal models (six studies on rats and seven on rabbits) were included. The calvarial bone defect was the most common experimental site. The empty defect was used as the only control in all studies except one. In all studies the bioceramic materials demonstrated a trend for better outcomes compared to an empty control. Due to heterogeneity in protocols and outcomes among the included studies, no meta-analysis could be performed. Bioceramics can be considered promising grafting materials, though further evidence is needed.

Osteogenic Evaluation of Goose-beak Bones According to Processing Temperature

BACKGROUND/AIM

As an alternative material to autogenous bone, goose-beak bone particles (GBP) have been attracting great attention as a bone substitute due to their biological properties. This study was performed to assess bone generation using GBP in calvarial defects in a rat model. The study focus was the osteogenic potential of goose-beak bone at different processing temperatures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

There were three experimental groups: Control group (critical defect only), low-temperature (LT) group (filled with GBP heat-treated for 20 h at 400°C), and high-temperature (HT) group (filled with GBP heat-treated for 3 h at 1,200°C).

RESULTS

The Ca/P atomic ratio of the goose-beak bone was 1.63, and the bones had a bony structure with open pores and interconnected rod-like struts. Micro-computed tomographic analysis revealed the quantity of new bone formation of the HT group was higher than that of the LT group. At 12 weeks after GBP insertion, new bone formation was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the HT group, and there were more new osteocytes in the lacuna in the HT group than in the LT group. Thus, GBP treated at a high temperature formed more new bone than that treated at a low temperature.

CONCLUSION

It can be concluded that HT-treated GBP is a graft material that can be effective in promoting bone formation.