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Pratt R, Ojo-Fati O, DuBois D, Okuyemi K, Graham AL, Mohamed S, Janowiec M, Kahin A, Mahamud A, Tessier KM, Busch AM, Joseph AM. Testing the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Religiously-Tailored Text Messaging Intervention to Reduce Smoking Among Somali Muslim Men During Ramadan. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:1283-1290. [PMID: 33277991 PMCID: PMC8496498 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of smoking among Somali Muslim male immigrants residing in Minnesota is estimated at 44%, however smoking reduction is common during the month of Ramadan. This study evaluated the feasibility and impact of a religiously tailored text message intervention delivered during Ramadan to encourage smoking reduction among Somali Muslim men who smoke. METHODS Fifty Somali men were recruited. Participants received two text messages per day starting 1 week prior to and throughout the month of Ramadan. Approximately half were religiously tailored and half were about the risks of smoking and benefits of quitting. Smoking behavior was assessed at baseline, and at weeks 4 (end of Ramadan), 8, and 16. Outcomes included feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of the text message intervention on smoking reduction and bioverified abstinence. RESULTS The average age was 41 years. Average time to first cigarette was 1.8 hours at baseline, and 46% of participants smoked menthol cigarettes. Eighteen of 50 participants selected English and 32 selected Somali text messages. Subjects significantly reduced self-reported cigarettes per day (CPD) from 12.4 CPD at baseline to 5.8 CPD at week 16 (p < 0.001). Seven subjects reported quitting at week 16, five completed CO testing, confirming self-reported abstinence. The majority of participants found the cultural and religious references encouraging at the end of the week 16 survey. CONCLUSIONS Religiously tailored text messages to decrease smoking are feasible and acceptable to Somali Muslim men who smoke during Ramadan. This intervention for addressing smoking disparities is worthy of further study. IMPLICATIONS Recruitment of Somali Muslim men who smoke is feasible and supports the idea that further studies targeting smoking during Ramadan are practical. Ramadan presents a window of opportunity upon which to build smoking cessation interventions for smokers who identify as Muslim. These preliminary findings suggest that text messaging is a feasible and acceptable intervention strategy, and that religious tailoring was well received. Such an approach may offer potential for addressing smoking disparities among Somali Muslim male smokers. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT03379142.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Pratt
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of
Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | - Kolawole Okuyemi
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah
School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Amanda L Graham
- Innovations Center, Truth Initiative, Washington,
DC
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and
Science, Rochester, MN
| | - Sharif Mohamed
- Islamic Civic Society of America (ICSA), Minneapolis,
MN
| | | | - Abdillahi Kahin
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare,
Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Katelyn M Tessier
- Masonic Cancer Center, Biostatistics Core, University of
Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Andrew M Busch
- Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare,
Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, MN
| | - Anne M Joseph
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, MN
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Chen J, Li X, Fang P. Influence of family resources on secondhand smoking in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in the border and minority urban areas of Northwest China. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:642. [PMID: 33087094 PMCID: PMC7579793 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03251-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women's exposure to secondhand smoke is a very serious health issue in China. The purpose of our research is to identify factors that predict the probability of exposure to secondhand smoke among pregnant women from the perspective of a family-based open system. METHODS From September 2014 to August 2015, Urumqi City, Shihezi City, and Shawan County-level City were sampled according to population characteristics. A revised structured questionnaire based on family resources was adapted for use in this study. Questionnaires were collected via convenience sampling at the hospitals with the largest number of local antenatal clients. A total of 1249 pregnant women of age 18-51 years were investigated. Descriptive statistics were calculated to characterize the participants and study variables. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of family resources corresponding variables on the likelihood that participants would be exposed to SHS. Both unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR/AOR) [with 95% confidence intervals (CI)] were reported. RESULTS The secondhand smoke exposure rate found in this study was 54.6%. Having good knowledge of the dangers of secondhand smoke had no effect on reducing the prevalence of exposure (P > 0.05). Even pregnant women whose husbands who did not use tobacco or never smoked nearby had a risk of exposure to secondhand smoke [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.568, 95% CI 1.205-2.041] when the data were adjusted for age, gravidity, gestational weeks, knowledge of the dangers of secondhand smoke, location, and work status. Home smoking bans were confirmed to be an important protective factor (AOR 1.710, 95% CI 1.549-1.918); however, only one-third (33.5%) of participants reported having a smoking ban at home. Religion (mainly Islam), as a special external family resource, was a protective factor that reduced secondhand smoke exposure in pregnant women (AOR 0.399, 95% CI 0.312-0.510). CONCLUSIONS The effect of family resources on tobacco control should be considered in the development of effective and enduring strategies for indoor smoking bans and smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyun Chen
- School of Health Services Management, Southern Medical University, No. 1023-1063 Shatai Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhui Li
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, No.221 Beisi Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Pengqian Fang
- Academy of Health Policy and Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Think tank), No.13 Hangkong Road, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. .,School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Pratt R, Ojo-Fati O, Adam A, Sharif H, Kahin A, Mahamud A, Dubois D, Mohamed S, Okuyemi K, Graham AL, Joseph A. Text Message Support for Smoking Cessation During Ramadan: A Focus Group Study With Somali Immigrant Muslim Men. Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 22:1636-1639. [DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Somali Muslim male immigrants in Minnesota have a high prevalence of smoking, estimated at 44%, compared with the average smoking rate for adults in the United States (14%). However, the literature has reported spontaneous reductions of smoking during Ramadan. This study sought to gather the views of Somali Muslim men on how faith impacts their smoking, and determine what messaging to incorporate into a tailored text messages intervention that draws on the Muslim faith beliefs and practices during Ramadan to promote smoking cessation.
Methods
Thirty-seven Somali adult male smokers were recruited from community settings to participate in one of five focus groups in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota. The research study team developed a semi-structured focus group guide that explored: (1) the experience of Muslim immigrants quitting smoking during Ramadan, (2) views on text messaging interventions to reduce smoking focusing on health and faith, and (3) views on the relationship between faith and smoking. A thematic analysis was conducted.
Results
Participants reported reductions in smoking during Ramadan, which was mostly achieved without formal treatment (ie, willpower). There was interest in text messaging interventions that incorporated faith and health-related messages, and that would be delivered around the time of Ramadan. Participants described concerns about the adverse health effects of smoking, including the risk of chronic health issues, cancer, and death.
Conclusion
Combining faith and health-related text-based messaging, and tailoring interventions around and beyond Ramadan, maybe a valuable approach to help address smoking disparities in the Somali immigrant community.
Implications
Ramadan offers a unique window of opportunity to intervene upon smoking for Somali Muslim immigrant men, for whom rates of smoking are high. Combining faith and health-related text-based messaging, and tailoring interventions around and beyond Ramadan, maybe a valuable approach to help address these serious smoking disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Pratt
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Asma Adam
- School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Hiba Sharif
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | | | | | - Kola Okuyemi
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - Anne Joseph
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN
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Farhadmollashahi L. Sociocultural reasons for smokeless tobacco use behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH RISK BEHAVIORS & ADDICTION 2014; 3:e20002. [PMID: 25032164 PMCID: PMC4080477 DOI: 10.5812/ijhrba.20002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Farhadmollashahi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Leila Farhadmollashahi, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9151430868, Fax: +98-5412414003, E-mail:
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Chen CM. The influence of religious affiliation on heavy drinking, heavy smoking and heavy betel nut chewing. Addict Behav 2014; 39:362-4. [PMID: 24199931 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The results of a national survey of determinants of drinking, smoking and betel-nut chewing behaviors are analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate whether drinking, smoking and betel-nut chewing are influenced by a variety of religions based on Taiwan data. Our results suggest that Buddhism, Taoism and practitioners of Chinese folk region are positively associated with heavy betel nut chewing while the religion effects on heavy smoking and drinking are statistically insignificant. Our findings on religion effects in Taiwan can be a valuable reference for comparison in Christian and western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiang-Ming Chen
- Department of Economics, National Chi-Nan University, 1 University Rd., Puli, Nantou 545, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
Tobacco smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke are a major threat to human health worldwide. The effort to prevent tobacco use should be regarded as an important public health strategy. Given the significance of religion and spirituality in the daily life of more than 90% of the world's population, the relationship of religion and smoking should be seen as a critical research area. Religions are many and varied, but most value human well-being highly and so do not approve of tobacco use, even though they do not prohibit it entirely. In recent years, researchers have shown more interest in the subject of religion and health, including drug and tobacco use. Differences of focus and methodology notwithstanding, most studies have ascertained a deterrent role for religion as regards tobacco use, and several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the negative relationship between religion or spirituality and smoking. Many of the studies, however, suffer from shortcomings that need to be acknowledged and addressed, such as using nonstandard data-gathering tools, lack of a unified definition of religion or spirituality, and paucity of research in non-Christian and developing countries. Finally, the cross-sectional nature of many of the studies makes the meaningful interpretation of findings difficult.
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Nakhaee N, Jadidi N. Why Do Some Teens Turn to Drugs? A Focus Group Study of Drug Users' Experiences. J Addict Nurs 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10884600903291158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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