1
|
Prapas P, Anagnostouli M. Macrophages and HLA-Class II Alleles in Multiple Sclerosis: Insights in Therapeutic Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7354. [PMID: 39000461 PMCID: PMC11242320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation is a crucial mechanism that drives the T cell-mediated immune response and the development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Genetic alterations within the highly variable Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHC II) have been proven to result in significant changes in the molecular basis of antigen presentation and the clinical course of patients with both Adult-Onset MS (AOMS) and Pediatric-Onset MS (POMS). Among the numerous polymorphisms of the Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA), within MHC II complex, HLA-DRB1*15:01 has been labeled, in Caucasian ethnic groups, as a high-risk allele for MS due to the ability of its structure to increase affinity to Myelin Basic Protein (MBP) epitopes. This characteristic, among others, in the context of the trimolecular complex or immunological synapsis, provides the foundation for autoimmunity triggered by environmental or endogenous factors. As with all professional antigen presenting cells, macrophages are characterized by the expression of MHC II and are often implicated in the formation of MS lesions. Increased presence of M1 macrophages in MS patients has been associated both with progression and onset of the disease, each involving separate but similar mechanisms. In this critical narrative review, we focus on macrophages, discussing how HLA genetic alterations can promote dysregulation of this population's homeostasis in the periphery and the Central Nervous System (CNS). We also explore the potential interconnection in observed pathological macrophage mechanisms and the function of the diverse structure of HLA alleles in neurodegenerative CNS, seen in MS, by comparing available clinical with molecular data through the prism of HLA-immunogenetics. Finally, we discuss available and experimental pharmacological approaches for MS targeting the trimolecular complex that are based on cell phenotype modulation and HLA genotype involvement and try to reveal fertile ground for the potential development of novel drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petros Prapas
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, First Department of Neurology, Aeginition University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Vas. Sofias 72-74, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Anagnostouli
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, First Department of Neurology, Aeginition University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Vas. Sofias 72-74, 11528 Athens, Greece
- Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Unit, Center of Expertise for Rare Demyelinating and Autoimmune Diseases of CNS, First Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens NKUA, Aeginition University Hospital, Vas. Sofias 72-74, 11528 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dominguez-Mozo MI, Galán V, Ramió-Torrentà L, Quiroga A, Quintana E, Villar LM, Costa-Frossard L, Fernández-Velasco JI, Villarrubia N, Garcia-Martinez MA, Arroyo R, Alvarez-Lafuente R. A two-years real-word study with fingolimod: early predictors of efficacy and an association between EBNA-1 IgG titers and multiple sclerosis progression. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1384411. [PMID: 38911861 PMCID: PMC11190074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although fingolimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor agonist, has shown to be an effective treatment reducing relapse rate and also slowing down the disability progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, it is important to quickly identify those suboptimal responders. Objective The main objective was to assess different clinical, radiological, genetic and environmental factors as possible early predictors of response in MS patients treated with fingolimod for 24 months. The secondary objective was to analyze the possible contribution of the environmental factors analyzed to the progression and activity of the disease along the 2-years of follow-up. Methods A retrospective study with 151 patients diagnosed with MS, under fingolimod treatment for 24 months, with serum samples at initiation and six months later, and with clinical and radiological data at initiation and 24 months later, were included in the study. Clinical and radiological variables were collected to establish NEDA-3 (no evidence of disease activity: patients without relapses, disability progression and new T2 lesions or Gd+ lesions) and EDA (evidence of disease activity: patients with relapses and/or progression and/or new T2 lesions or gadolinium-positive [Gd+] lesions) conditions. Human leukocyte antigen II (HLA-II), EBNA-1 IgG and VCA IgG from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and antibody titers against Human herpesvirus 6A/B (HHV-6A/B) were also analyzed. Results A total of 151 MS patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 27.8% was NEDA-3 (37.5% among those previously treated with high efficacy therapies >24 months). The following early predictors were statistically significantly associated with NEDA-3 condition: sex (male; p=0.002), age at baseline (older; p=0.009), relapses 2-years before fingolimod initiation ≤1 (p=0.010), and absence of Gd+ lesions at baseline (p=0.006). Regarding the possible contribution of the environmental factors included in the study to the activity or the progression of the disease, we only found that EBNA-1 IgG titers decreased in 20.0% of PIRA (progression independent from relapse activity) patients vs. 73.3% of RAW (relapse-associated worsening) patients (p=0.006; O.R. = 11.0). Conclusion MS patients that are male, older, and with a low clinical and radiological activity at fingolimod initiation have a greater probability to reach NEDA-3 condition after two years with this therapy. An intriguing association of EBV with the progression of the disease has also been described, but it should be further study in a larger cohort to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Inmaculada Dominguez-Mozo
- Grupo de Investigación de Factores Ambientales en Enfermedades Degenerativas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Galán
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Lluís Ramió-Torrentà
- Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Doctor Josep Trueta University Hospital and Santa Caterina Hospital, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Girona, Spain
| | - Ana Quiroga
- Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit (UNIEM), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Girona, Spain
| | - E. Quintana
- Girona Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Unit (UNIEM), Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Luisa María Villar
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucienne Costa-Frossard
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Noelia Villarrubia
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angel Garcia-Martinez
- Grupo de Investigación de Factores Ambientales en Enfermedades Degenerativas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Arroyo
- Departamento de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Quironsalud Madrid, Red Española de Esclerosis Múltiple (REEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Alvarez-Lafuente
- Grupo de Investigación de Factores Ambientales en Enfermedades Degenerativas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gomez-Gaitan EA, Garcia-Ortega YE, Saldaña-Cruz AM, Contreras-Haro B, Gamez-Nava JI, Perez-Guerrero EE, Nava-Valdivia CA, Gallardo-Moya S, Martinez-Hernandez A, Gonzalez Lopez L, Rios-Gonzalez BE, Marquez-Pedroza J, Mendez-del Villar M, Esparza-Guerrero Y, Villagomez-Vega A, Macias Islas MA. Genetic Variant HLA-DRB1*0403 and Therapeutic Response to Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14594. [PMID: 37834042 PMCID: PMC10572793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and demyelinating disease with an autoimmune origin, which leads to neurodegeneration and progressive disability. Approximately 30 to 50% of patients do not respond optimally to disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), and therapeutic response may be influenced by genetic factors such as genetic variants. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the association of the HLA-DRB1*0403 genetic variant and therapeutic response to DMTs in MS. We included 105 patients with MS diagnosis. No evidence of disease activity based on the absence of clinical relapse, disability progression or radiological activity (NEDA-3) was used to classify the therapeutic response. Patients were classified as follows: (a) controls: patients who achieved NEDA-3; (b) cases: patients who did not achieve NEDA-3. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. HLA-DRB1*0403 genetic variant was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using TaqMan probes. NEDA-3 was achieved in 86.7% of MS patients treated with DMTs. Genotype frequencies were GG 50.5%, GA 34.3%, and AA 15.2%. No differences were observed in the genetic variant AA between patients who achieved NEDA-3 versus patients who did not achieve NEDA-3 (48.7% vs. 43.1%, p = 0.6). We concluded that in Mexican patients with MS, HLA-DRB1*0403 was not associated with the therapeutic response to DMTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Alejandro Gomez-Gaitan
- Pharmacology Doctoral Program, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.A.G.-G.); (J.I.G.-N.); (S.G.-M.); (A.M.-H.); (L.G.L.); (Y.E.-G.)
| | - Yessica Eleanet Garcia-Ortega
- Neurology Department, Western National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Ana Miriam Saldaña-Cruz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Betsabe Contreras-Haro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tonala University Center, University of Guadalajara, Tonala 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (B.C.-H.); (M.M.-d.V.); (A.V.-V.)
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ivan Gamez-Nava
- Pharmacology Doctoral Program, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.A.G.-G.); (J.I.G.-N.); (S.G.-M.); (A.M.-H.); (L.G.L.); (Y.E.-G.)
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Emilio Edsaul Perez-Guerrero
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Genetics and Molecular Physiology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Cesar Arturo Nava-Valdivia
- Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Gallardo-Moya
- Pharmacology Doctoral Program, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.A.G.-G.); (J.I.G.-N.); (S.G.-M.); (A.M.-H.); (L.G.L.); (Y.E.-G.)
| | - Alejandra Martinez-Hernandez
- Pharmacology Doctoral Program, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.A.G.-G.); (J.I.G.-N.); (S.G.-M.); (A.M.-H.); (L.G.L.); (Y.E.-G.)
| | - Laura Gonzalez Lopez
- Pharmacology Doctoral Program, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.A.G.-G.); (J.I.G.-N.); (S.G.-M.); (A.M.-H.); (L.G.L.); (Y.E.-G.)
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | | | - Jazmin Marquez-Pedroza
- Neurosciences Division, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Miriam Mendez-del Villar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tonala University Center, University of Guadalajara, Tonala 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (B.C.-H.); (M.M.-d.V.); (A.V.-V.)
| | - Yussef Esparza-Guerrero
- Pharmacology Doctoral Program, Physiology Department, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (E.A.G.-G.); (J.I.G.-N.); (S.G.-M.); (A.M.-H.); (L.G.L.); (Y.E.-G.)
| | - Alejandra Villagomez-Vega
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tonala University Center, University of Guadalajara, Tonala 45425, Jalisco, Mexico; (B.C.-H.); (M.M.-d.V.); (A.V.-V.)
| | - Miguel Angel Macias Islas
- Neurosciences Departament, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hepatotoxicity of Drugs Used in Multiple Sclerosis, Diagnostic Challenge, and the Role of HLA Genotype Susceptibility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010852. [PMID: 36614299 PMCID: PMC9821303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and the association with other autoimmune diseases is well-documented. There are many therapeutic options for the treatment of MS. Most of the available drugs cause drug-induced liver injury (DILI) to variable extents with heterogeneous clinical and biological manifestations, including liver injury with or without signs of hypersensitivity and autoimmunity. The diagnosis of DILI may be particularly difficult because MS is frequently associated with idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis. Recent advances suggest that MS and immune-mediated DILI could be promoted by genetic factors, including HLA genotype. In addition, some of these drugs may promote hepatitis B virus reactivation. This review explores the potential hepatotoxicity of drugs used to treat MS and the criteria to distinguish DILI from idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis associated with MS. The role of susceptible genes both promoting MS and causing the hepatotoxicity of the drug used for MS treatment is also discussed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Skarlis C, Markoglou N, Gontika M, Bougea A, Katsavos S, Artemiadis A, Chrousos G, Dalakas M, Stefanis L, Anagnostouli M. First-line disease modifying treatments in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis in Greece: therapy initiation at more advanced age is the main cause of treatment failure, in a retrospective observational study, with a cohort from a single Multiple Sclerosis Center. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:693-701. [PMID: 36197577 PMCID: PMC9842569 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-term immunomodulatory therapy of pediatric onset-multiple sclerosis (POMS) is based mainly on published case series and internationally agreed guidelines. Relevant studies in the Greek population are absent from the literature. The purpose of this study is to present data on the efficacy and safety of the 1st line immunomodulatory drugs in the treatment of POMS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study included 27 patients meeting the IPMSSG criteria for POMS and who are monitored at the outpatient clinic of the Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Unit (MSDDU), of the 1st Neurological Department, University Hospital of Aeginition. All patients received 1st line immunomodulatory drugs as initial therapy. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters of the disease were recorded before and after treatment. RESULTS Post-treatment, a significant reduction of the relapse number (mean ± SD: 2.0 ± 1.0 vs 1.2 ± 1.6, p = 0.002), EDSS progression (mean ± SD: 1.5 ± 0.8 vs 0.9 ± 0.7, p = 0.005) and ARR (mean ± SD: 1.5 ± 0.7 vs 0.4 ± 0.5, p = 0.0001) was observed, while no changes were observed in the EDSS score, (mean ± SD: 1.8 ± 0.6 vs 1.9. 0.6, p = 0.60). Advanced age at treatment initiation increased the risk for drug discontinuation before 24 months of therapy (HR = 0.6, 95% CI (0.35-0.99), p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Most pediatric patients are forced to switch to either more efficacious 1st line or 2nd line drugs. Additionally, our study suggests that older age at the time of the 1st line treatment initiation, contributes to earlier drug discontinuation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Skarlis
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Markoglou
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gontika
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Aeginition University Hospital, Vassilisis Sofias Ave 72-74, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Serafeim Katsavos
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Artemios Artemiadis
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Chrousos
- Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair On Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Marinos Dalakas
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ,Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Aeginition University Hospital, Vassilisis Sofias Ave 72-74, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Anagnostouli
- Research Immunogenetics Laboratory, 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece ,1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Aeginition University Hospital, Vassilisis Sofias Ave 72-74, 11528 Athens, Greece ,Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Unit, 1st, Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sarangi SC, Sopory P, Reeta KH. Chronic Neurological Disorders: Genetic and Epigenetic Markers for Monitoring of Pharmacotherapy. Neurol India 2021; 69:252-259. [PMID: 33904433 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.314522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Chronic neurological diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. With increasing life expectancy in the developing world, the incidence and prevalence of these diseases are predicted to rise even further. This has also contributed to an increase in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for noncommunicable diseases. Treatment for such diseases also poses a challenge with multiple genetic and epigenetic factors leading to a varied outcome. Personalization of treatment is one way that treatment outcome/prognosis of disease can be improved, and pharmacogenomics plays a significant role in this context. Methodology This article reviewed the evidence pertaining to the association of genetic and epigenetic markers with major neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD), which are a major source of burden among neurological disorders. Types of studies included are peer-reviewed original research articles from the PubMed database (1999-2018). Results This study compiled data regarding specific genetic and epigenetic markers with a significant correlation between the clinical diagnosis of the disease and prognosis of therapy from 65 studies. In a single platform, this review highlights the clues to some vital questions, such as why interferon beta (IFN-β) therapy fails to improve symptoms in all MS patients? why cholinesterase inhibitors fail to improve cognitive impairment in a subset of people suffering from AD? or why some individuals on levodopa (L-DOPA) for PD suffer from side-effects ranging from dyskinesia to hallucination while others do not? Conclusion This article summarizes the genetic and epigenetic factors that may either require monitoring or help in deciding future pharmacotherapy in a patient suffering from MS, AD, and PD. As the health care system develops and reaches newer heights, we expect more and more of these biomarkers to be used as pharmacotherapeutic outcome indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pranav Sopory
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K H Reeta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bahrami T, Taheri M, Javadi S, Omrani MD, Karimipour M. Expression Analysis of Long Non-coding RNA Lnc-DC in HLA-DRB1*15:01-Negative Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Probable Cause for Gender Differences in Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility? J Mol Neurosci 2020; 71:821-825. [PMID: 32951137 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01704-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a disease that affects male and female patients differently. Several studies have been performed to explain the gender differences in MS susceptibility, but the genetic causes underlying gender differences remain unknown. The association between multiple sclerosis and the HLA-DRB1*15:01 haplotype has been confirmed to be female-specific. We hypothesized other immunological components such as lnc-DC may be gender-specific among multiple sclerosis patients, especially when MS patients are negative for the HLA-DRB1*15:01 allele. Therefore, the current study, considering the results of previous studies, aimed to evaluate the expression level of the lnc-DC gene in HLA-DRB1*15:01-negative female patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS). A total of 50 MS female patients and 50 female healthy controls were enrolled in this observational case-control study. HLA-DRB1*15:01, as a critical risk factor for MS, was ruled out in all patients. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from all patients and total RNA was isolated and cDNA synthesis was carried out. The gene expression of lnc-DC was evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR. Our results have shown that lnc-DC expression level was significantly higher in total MS female patients compared with female controls (P = 0.0044). In addition, the correlation between lnc-DC with disease duration, EDSS, and age at onset did not reach a statistical significance in our study (r = 0.0336, P = 0.817; r = 0.0914, P = 0.5278 and r = 0.0743, P = 0.6083, respectively). Our results give further evidence that lnc-DC may play a gender-dependent role in MS pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayyeb Bahrami
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteure Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Javadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Morteza Karimipour
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteure Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Azimi G, Ranjbaran F, Arsang-Jang S, Ghafouri-Fard S, Mazdeh M, Sayad A, Taheri M. Upregulation of VEGF-A and correlation between VEGF-A and FLT-1 expressions in Iranian multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:1459-1465. [PMID: 31925615 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04234-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is among the most common diseases affecting brain and spinal cord. MS progression is characterized by breakdown of blood brain barrier which leads to increased vascular permeability and angiogenesis. Consequently, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) and its receptors are considered to be important components of MS progression. VEGFA and fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) play important roles in various aspects of MS. In this study, we investigated the relationship between these genes and MS. For this purpose, the expression levels of VEGFA and FLT1 were measured in the blood of 50 relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) patients and 50 healthy individuals using TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR. A significant upregulation of VEGFA expression was observed among MS patients compared with controls (p = 0.04). However, the difference in FLT1 gene expression between study groups was insignificant (p = 0.947). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between VEGFA and FLT1 genes expressions (r = 0.769, p < 0.0001). In spite of the highly complex molecular mechanisms behind this, the findings imply participation of VEGFA in the pathogenesis of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Azimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Clinical Research Development Center (CRDU), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maghbooli Z, Sahraian MA, Naser Moghadasi A. Multiple sclerosis and human leukocyte antigen genotypes: Focus on the Middle East and North Africa region. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2020; 6:2055217319881775. [PMID: 31976083 PMCID: PMC6956601 DOI: 10.1177/2055217319881775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated that the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasing in the Middle East and North Africa region. There is also emerging evidence regarding the genetic components of MS risk. This review provides an overview of the role of genetic factors in MS susceptibility by examining human leukocyte antigen loci in patients within the Middle East and North Africa region. Most of the genetic studies conducted in the Middle East and North Africa region have been based on case–control designs, which cannot confirm direct causality of genetic variants on MS susceptibility. Moreover, there are very limited and inconsistent studies on human leukocyte antigen class I and II (DQA and DQB) in MS patients of the Middle East and North Africa region. To identify common risk haplotypes in the Middle East and North Africa region or its sub-populations, further longitudinal studies will be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Al Wutayd O. Association of infections with multiple sclerosis in Gulf Cooperation Council countries: a review. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519884151. [PMID: 31880177 PMCID: PMC7607054 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519884151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, causing inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Infection can play a role in its etiology. Herein, a review is presented of studies that have reported an association between infection and MS risk in countries of the Arabian Gulf region. Searches of the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases were carried out using various search terms, and relevant studies published through January 2019 on the epidemiology of MS in Gulf Cooperation Council countries identified. MS has been found to be associated with measles in Saudi Arabia and Epstein–Barr virus in Kuwait whereas no association has been identified between risk of MS and varicella-zoster virus, mumps, or human herpesvirus-6. However, few epidemiological studies on this topic have been conducted in countries of the Gulf region. Longitudinal and serological studies to establish robust evidence between infection and risk of MS are highly recommended, and a regional MS registry is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Al Wutayd
- O Al Wutayd, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine, Qassim University, P.O. Box 3174, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ayatollahi SA, Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M, Noroozi R. The efficacy of interferon-beta therapy in multiple sclerosis patients: investigation of the RORA gene as a predictive biomarker. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2019; 20:271-276. [DOI: 10.1038/s41397-019-0114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
12
|
Salek Esfahani B, Gharesouran J, Ghafouri-Fard S, Talebian S, Arsang-Jang S, Omrani MD, Taheri M, Rezazadeh M. Down-regulation of ERMN expression in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1261-1266. [PMID: 31123898 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00429-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease causing demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). Although the exact etiology of MS is still unclear, both genetic and environmental elements are regarded as causative factors. Environmental factors can induce a cascade of events in immune system leading to neuronal death and nerve demyelination. This paper aims to compare the peripheral transcript levels of Ermin (ERMN) (a gene with putative role in cytoskeletal rearrangements during myelinogenesis) and Listerin E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 1 (LTN1) (a gene with functions in regulating innate immune system) between relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) patients and healthy controls. The results showed a significant decrease in ERMN expression (p = 0.022); whereas, no significant difference was detected in LTN1 expression between two groups (p = 0.935). The reduction in ERMN expression in leukocytes could be the cause of demyelinating process in RR-MS patients. Current findings might also have practical importance in prognosis and targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Salek Esfahani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Talebian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Clinical Research Development Center (CRDU), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tsareva EY, Favorova OO, Boyko AN, Kulakova OG. Genetic Markers for Personalized Therapy of Polygenic Diseases: Pharmacogenetics of Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893319040149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
14
|
Manoochehrabadi S, Arsang-Jang S, Mazdeh M, Inoko H, Sayad A, Taheri M. Analysis of STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 mRNA expression levels in the blood of patients with multiple sclerosis. Hum Antibodies 2019; 27:91-98. [PMID: 30412483 DOI: 10.3233/hab-180352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) maintained by the secretion of a large number of cytokines [1]. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family has an essential role in transmitting many of the cytokine-mediated signals and failure in the signaling process contributes to the etiopathogenesis of MS. METHODS This study aimed to assess STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 gene expression in the blood of 50 relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) patients and 50 healthy controls by TaqMan Quantitative Real-Time PCR. RESULTS The results showed that STAT1 gene expression was significantly up-regulated (p= 0.023), whereas STAT2 gene expression was significantly down-regulated (p< 0.0001) in MS patients compared to controls. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between MS patients and controls for STAT3 gene expression (p= 0.837). In addition, there was no significant correlation between the expression of STAT1, STAT2, STAT3 genes and clinical findings, such as the level of physical disability in MS patients (according to the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) criterion) and disease duration. CONCLUSION A significant positive correlation was demonstrated between STAT1 and STAT2 and also between STAT1 and STAT3. This study shows for the first time that a comparison of the relative quantitative expression of three different STAT genes in the blood cells of MS patients compared to controls revealed marked differences in the expression of the STAT family genes that might reflect their different roles in the pathogenesis of MS. These transcripts might be useful biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy of IFN treatment of the MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Manoochehrabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Clinical Research Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Neurophysiology Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.,Genodive Pharma Inc., Atsugi, Japan
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Werneck LC, Lorenzoni PJ, Kay CSK, Scola RH. Multiple sclerosis: disease modifying therapy and the human leukocyte antigen. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2019; 76:697-704. [PMID: 30427510 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20180103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential relationship between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type (class I and II) and the response to several disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS We analyzed clinical data of 87 patients with MS at the beginning and end of each type of DMT including the disease duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale and Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS). Genotyping of HLA-DRB1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C alleles were identified using high-resolution techniques. Statistical correlation between the HLA type and response to DMTs was done using the initial and final MSSS. RESULTS Statistical relationships (p < 0.05) were found for only 15 of 245 alleles tested. There was a reduction in the MSSS for patients treated with corticosteroids (DRB1*15:01, DPB1*04:01, DQB1*02:01 and DQB1*03:01), azathioprine (DRB1*03:01, DPB1*04:01, DQB1*03:02, DQB1*06:02, HLA-C*07:02), interferon β-1a 22 mcg (DRB1*11:04, DQB1*03:01 and DQB1*03:02), interferon β-1a 30 mcg (DPB1*02:01, HLA-C*05:01) and interferon β-1b (DQB1*02:01). CONCLUSION These findings suggest a few relationships between the HLA and response to DMTs in the disability for some types of HLA class I and II alleles in a specific subset of MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lineu Cesar Werneck
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital de Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil
| | - Paulo José Lorenzoni
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital de Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Suemi Kamoi Kay
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital de Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil
| | - Rosana Herminia Scola
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital de Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hočevar K, Ristić S, Peterlin B. Pharmacogenomics of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. Front Neurol 2019; 10:134. [PMID: 30863357 PMCID: PMC6399303 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Over the past two decades, various novel disease-modifying drugs for multiple sclerosis (MS) have been approved. However, there is high variability in the patient response to the available medications, which is hypothesized to be partly attributed to genetics. Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of the current literature on the pharmacogenomics of MS therapy. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE database searching for articles investigating a role of genetic variation in response to disease-modifying MS treatments, published in the English language up to October 9th, 2018. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were applied. Studies were included if they investigated response or nonresponse to MS treatment defined as relapse rate, by expanded disability status scale score or based on magnetic resonance imaging. The following data were extracted: first author's last name, year of publication, PMID number, sample size, ethnicity of patients, method, genes, and polymorphisms tested, outcome, significant associations with corresponding P-values and confidence intervals, response criteria, and duration of the follow-up period. Results: Overall, 48 articles published up to October 2018, evaluating response to interferon-beta, glatiramer acetate, mitoxantrone, and natalizumab, met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Among those, we identified 42 (87.5%) candidate gene studies and 6 (12.5%) genome-wide association studies. Existing pharmacogenomic evidence is mainly based on the results of individual studies, or on results of multiple studies, which often lack consistency. In recent years, hypothesis-free approaches identified novel candidate genes that remain to be validated. Various study designs, including the definition of clinical response, duration of the follow-up period, and methodology as well as moderate sample sizes, likely contributed to discordances between studies. However, some of the significant associations were identified in the same genes, or in the genes involved in the same biological pathways. Conclusions: At the moment, there is no available clinically actionable pharmacogenomic biomarker that would enable more personalized treatment of MS. More large-scale studies with uniform design are needed to identify novel and validate existing pharmacogenomics findings. Furthermore, studies investigating associations between rare variants and treatment response in MS patients, using next-generation sequencing technologies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keli Hočevar
- Clinical Institute of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Smiljana Ristić
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Talebian S, Gharesouran J, Ghafouri-Fard S, Esfahani BS, Arsang-Jang S, Omrani MD, Taheri M, Rezazadeh M. Assessment of expression of RELN signaling pathway in multiple sclerosis patients. Immunobiology 2019; 224:402-407. [PMID: 30777599 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Nearly 85% of MS patients are recognized with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), a typical clinical course of disease which is distinguished by several episodes of relapses, separated by remissions of neurological impairment. Failure of repair mechanisms is a main factor in progression of neurological dysfunction in MS. Several lines of evidence suggest that Reelin (RELN) signaling pathway can contribute in the regulation of repair mechanisms in MS patients. In the present study, we assessed expression levels of RELN and Disabled-1 (DAB1), two key genes in RELN signaling pathway, in peripheral blood of 50 RRMS patients and 50 matched healthy subjects. RELN was significantly down-regulated in total MS patients, and total female patients compared with the matched controls. However, no statistically significant difference was found in DAB1 mRNA expression between MS patients and controls. Furthermore, considerable correlations were detected between expression levels of RELN and DAB1 in the patients group. There were no significant correlations between expression levels of genes and EDSS, disease duration or age at onset. Our study provides evidences for the role of RELN signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of MS. Further studies are required to clarify the exact clinical significance of this pathway in MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Talebian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Salek Esfahani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Clinical Research Development Center (CRDU), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Rezazadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Expression analysis of long non-coding RNAs and their target genes in multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol Sci 2019; 40:801-811. [PMID: 30680474 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-3720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive chronic autoimmune-mediated disease. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are characterized to participate in the adjustment of immune responses. Here, we evaluated the expression levels of GSTT1-AS1 and IFNG-AS1 lncRNAs and their targets (TNF and IFNG, respectively) in Iranian MS patients.In this case-control study, 50 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 50 healthy subjects were recruited. Expressions of GSTT1-AS1 and IFNG-AS1 lncRNAs, as well as TNF and IFNG genes, were assessed in their peripheral blood samples by SYBR Green-based Real-time quantitative PCR.Expression levels of GSTT1-AS1 and IFNG-AS1 lncRNAs were both significantly downregulated (p values 0.032 and 0.013, respectively). On the other hand, the expression of TNF and IFNG showed increased levels, however, did not reach statistical significance after our analysis (p > 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that GSTT1-AS1 had a significant positive moderate correlation with IFNG-AS1 (r = 0.541, p < 0.0001), IFNG (r = 0.329, p = 0.001), and TNF (r = 0.204, p = 0.041). Also, IFNG-AS1 revealed the same correlation with IFNG (r = 0.475, p < 0.0001) as well as TNF (r = 0.399, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, GSTT1-AS1 (r = 0.313, p = 0.027) and (IFNG r = 0.478, p < 0.0001) demonstrated a significant positive correlation with age at onset.Briefly, the current study provided for the first time dysregulation of GSTT1-AS1 and IFNG-AS lncRNAs network in MS, which highlights the significant role of epigenetic pathways in this autoimmune disorder. Larger sample size and further investigation assays could shed light on the underlying mechanisms in this area of science.
Collapse
|
19
|
Taheri M, Azimi G, Sayad A, Mazdeh M, Arsang-Jang S, Omrani MD, Ghafouri-Fard S. Expression analysis of protein inhibitor of activated STAT ( PIAS) genes in IFNβ-treated multiple sclerosis patients. J Inflamm Res 2018; 11:457-463. [PMID: 30584347 PMCID: PMC6289119 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s187414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Protein inhibitors of activated STAT (PIAS) are transcription co-regulator of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway as well as nuclear factor-κB family of transcription factors. Both of them are involved in cytokine release during inflammatory response. Patients and methods Considering the role of cytokine imbalance in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), we compared blood expressions of PIAS1-4 genes in 48 interferon β (IFNβ)-treated MS patients with those of healthy subjects by means of real time PCR. Results Although the expression levels of these genes were not significantly different between MS patients and healthy subjects, significant inverse correlations have been found between PIAS1 expression and age at disease onset. PIAS2 and PIAS3 expressions were inversely correlated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) in patients. Moreover, PIAS3 expression was correlated with disease duration in patients and with age in controls. In addition, PIAS4 expression was inversely correlated with EDSS and age at disease onset while it was positively correlated with disease duration. Conclusion The present study provides evidences for altered expression of PIAS genes in IFNβ-treated MS patients compared with healthy subjects. However, future studies are needed for elaboration of their exact function in this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Azimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Clinical Research Development Center (CRDU), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Expression of Long Non-Coding RNAs (UCA1 and CCAT2) in the Blood of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Case - Control Study. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.66334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
21
|
Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA profile in peripheral blood of multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018; 25:219-226. [PMID: 30114626 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which dysregulation or aberrant expressions of several immune-related genes have been noted. More recently, the participation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulation of immune responses has been highlighted. In the present study, we evaluated expression levels of three lncRNAs named Nuclear Paraspeckle Assembly Transcript 1 (NEAT1), P21 associated ncRNA DNA damage activated (PANDA) and Taurine-up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in peripheral blood of 50 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 50 matched healthy subjects. All three lncRNAs have been significantly over-expressed in MS patients compared with healthy subjects. In addition, significant correlations were found between expression levels of these three lncRNAs in the patients group. NEAT1 expression was inversely correlated with age at onset and disease duration in female patients. Moreover, TUG1 expression was inversely correlated with disease duration in female patients. The present study provides further evidences for the role of lncRNAs in pathogenesis of MS.
Collapse
|
22
|
Mohajer B, Abbasi N, Pishgar F, Abdolalizadeh A, Ebrahimi H, Razaviyoun T, Mohebbi F, Eskandarieh S, Sahraian MA. HLA-DRB1 polymorphism and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in the Middle East North Africa region: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 321:117-124. [PMID: 29957381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis explores association of HLA-DRB1 alleles with MS risk in the Middle-east North Africa (MENA) countries. Divided into two groups of alleles (10 studies, 899 cases/1457 controls) and phenotypes (8 studies, 1,040 cases/1,256 controls), Odds ratios (ORs) of DRB1 distribution in MS subjects were assessed using Cochrane RevMan software. DRB1*15 demonstrated significant association with MS in both groups (OR=1.6 and OR=2.51, respectively). In phenotypes, DRB1*03 and DRB1*04 had predisposing role (OR=1.8 and OR=1.9), while DRB1*07 and DRB1*11 were protective (OR=0.56 and OR=0.67). Similar but non-significant trends were seen among alleles, which in sum coincides with a Caucasian-like pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Mohajer
- MS Research Centre, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Abbasi
- MS Research Centre, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Pishgar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhussein Abdolalizadeh
- MS Research Centre, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Ebrahimi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taraneh Razaviyoun
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnam Mohebbi
- MS Research Centre, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharareh Eskandarieh
- MS Research Centre, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sahraian
- MS Research Centre, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
STAT5a and STAT6 gene expression levels in multiple sclerosis patients. Cytokine 2018; 106:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
24
|
Assessment of Protein Prenylation Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 64:581-590. [PMID: 29574663 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with several genetic and environmental factors being implicated in its pathogenesis. Protein prenylation as one of the important posttranslational modifications of proteins has crucial role in immune system regulation. In the current case-control study, we compared expression of five genes coding for the different subunits of proteins implicated in protein prenylation in 50 Iranian MS patients with those of healthy subjects. No significant difference has been found in FNTA and PGGT1B expressions between cases and controls. Spearman correlation analysis between FNTA relative expression and disease duration showed significant correlation in male patients (r = - 0.671, P = 0.024) but not female patients (r = 0.253, P = 0.12). FNTB expression was significantly higher in MS patients compared with healthy subjects. Spearman correlation analysis between FNTB relative expression and disease duration showed significant correlation in male patients (r = -0.876, P = 0.004) but not female patients (r = 0.296, P = 0.06). RABGGTA was significantly upregulated in total MS patients, total male patients, female patients aged between 30 and 40 and male patients aged >40 compared with corresponding control groups. RABGGTB was significantly downregulated in total MS patients, total female patients, and female patients aged > 40 compared with corresponding control groups. Totally, we demonstrated dysregulation of protein prenylation pathway in MS patients compared with healthy subjects. Future studies are needed to find the clinical implication of this pathway in MS patients.
Collapse
|
25
|
Taheri M, Sayad A. Investigating the exon 6 sequence changes of interleukin 7 receptor A (IL7RA) gene in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Hum Antibodies 2018; 26:43-48. [PMID: 28582853 DOI: 10.3233/hab-170320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 7 receptor alpha (IL7RA) gene that encodes a subunit of IL7 receptor has been reported to be associated with different immunologic disease. OBJECTIVE Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients have shown an aberrant blood level of soluble form of IL7R protein. The genomic changes in the sequence of this gene have been suggested to be correlated with its altered splicing specially, variants in the exon 6 of the gene have been reported to influence the maintenance or skipping of this exon and control the soluble or insoluble form of the final product. In order to evaluate this changes in the IL7RA gene and to determine a possible correlation between these changes and the MS susceptibility the whole sequence of the exon 6 and 7 and their flanking sequences were analyzed. METHODS In this regard, we investigate the sequence changes of the exon 6 and 7 of the IL7RA gene in 75 relapsing-remitting MS patients and compare the results with 75 healthy control using sequence analyzing. RESULTS The results of the sequence analysis were used in two aspects. The allelic and genotypic estimated frequencies of a reported risk variant rs6897932 in patients and controls in our population confirmed its association with the disease (P= 0.009, OR = 6.273, for TT genotype). Also, we report a possible hazardous cutoff for changes in a potential exon splicing silencer element (ESS (nt. 20-24)) and its correlation with rs6897932 to confer the risk of developing MS. CONCLUSION In conclusion our results confirm the association between IL7RA exon 6 sequence changes and increased susceptibility for multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sayad A, Salmani T, Hemmesi MK, Ganji M, Ghafouri-Fard S, Hatami M, Soudyab M, Taheri M. Down-regulation of RORA gene expression in the blood of multiple sclerosis patients. Hum Antibodies 2018; 26:219-224. [PMID: 29889063 DOI: 10.3233/hab-180341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by recurrent episodes of demyelination and loss of oligodendrocytes. The demyelination process is caused by various subsets of CD4+ T cells with a Th1 and Th17 phenotype. The retinoid acid-related orphan receptor A (RORA) is expressed in Th17 cells and promote Th17 differentiation. In this study, we compared the expression level of RORA gene in the blood of 50 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients who were treated with IFN-β and 50 healthy controls by TaqMan Quantitative Real-Time PCR.We found that RORA expression was significantly down-regulated in MS patients compared with controls (P= 0.006). However, there was no significant correlation between RORA gene expression and Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Our findings suggest a possible contribution of IFN-β in the downregulation of RORA. In addition, RORA downregulation may be a potential indicator of positive response to interferon beta treatment of multiple sclerosis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebali Salmani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maziar Ganji
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hatami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soudyab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Azimi T, Ghafouri-Fard S, Davood Omrani M, Mazdeh M, Arsang-Jang S, Sayad A, Taheri M. Vaccinia Related Kinase 2 (VRK2) expression in neurological disorders: schizophrenia, epilepsy and multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2017; 19:15-19. [PMID: 29100046 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ), epilepsy and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are neurological disorders with increasing prevalence disturb the patients' lives and are regarded as burdens to the society. As multifactorial disorders, genetic susceptibility factors are involved in their pathogenesis. The Vaccinia-Related Kinase 2 (VRK2) gene codes for a serine threonine kinase recently reported to be contributed in the pathogenesis of some neurological disorders. In the present case-control study we compared the VRK2 gene expression in peripheral blood samples from SCZ, epilepsy and MS patients with normal subjects. METHOD A total of 300 subjects comprising 50 patients in each disease category (SCZ, epilepsy and MS) as well as 150 healthy individuals (50 matched controls for each disorder) participated in the current study. RESULT The VRK2 blood mRNA expression level was measured using the TaqMan real time PCR. The results demonstrated significant down-regulation of VRK2 gene in SCZ (P<0.0001), epilepsy (P=0.008) and MS (P=0.029) compared with the healthy subjects. CONCLUSION Consequently, VRK2 is suggested as a candidate gene for neurological disorders through its role in signaling pathway, the neuronal loss and stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Azimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 1985717443, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mazdeh M, Rahimi M, Eftekharian MM, Omrani MD, Sayad A, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 5 (EVI5) expression analysis in multiple sclerosis patients. Hum Antibodies 2017; 26:113-119. [PMID: 29036808 DOI: 10.3233/hab-170328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex immune-related disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) in which dysregulation of different classes of T cells are involved. Variants in Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 5 (EVI5) gene has been shown to be significantly associated with MS in different populations. OBJECTIVES However, there is no data regarding relative expression of this gene in peripheral blood of MS patients compared with healthy controls. METHODS In the present study we assessed expression of EVI5 in 50 Iranian MS patients compared with healthy subjects by means of quantitative real time RT-PCR. RESULTS Statistical analyses showed no significant difference in EVI5 relative expression neither between total MS patients and healthy controls nor between age- and sex-based subgroups of patients and controls except for a trend toward significance in patients aged between 30 and 40 years compared with healthy subjects in both sexes (P= 0.068 and 0.075 for males and females respectively). No significant correlation was found between the expression level of this gene and disease duration, age at onset or Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). CONCLUSION Future studies are needed to explore the role of EVI5 in the pathogenesis of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahnoosh Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Expression Analysis of Long Non-coding RNAs in the Blood of Multiple Sclerosis Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 63:333-341. [PMID: 28967047 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0982-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently reported to participate in the regulation of immune responses. Consequently, aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been suggested as an underlying cause of MS. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of three lncRNAs with putative roles in the regulation of immune response, namely TNF-α and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (THRIL), Fas cell surface death receptor- antisense 1 (FAS-AS1), and plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in circulating blood cells of 50 Iranian relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients compared with healthy subjects by means of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We detected a significant downregulation of PVT1 and FAS-AS1 expressions in RRMS patients while a significant upregulation of THRIL in patients compared with controls (P < 0.001). Correlation analyses between lncRNA expression levels and clinical data of MS patients revealed no significant correlation between lncRNAs expression levels and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), a moderate correlation between PVT1 expression levels and duration of the disorder and no significant correlation between lncRNAs expression levels and age at onset. In addition, we demonstrated correlations between the expression levels of PVT1 and THRIL as well as expression levels of THRIL and FAS-AS1 in RRMS patients. In brief, we have demonstrated dysregulation of three lncRNAs in MS patients. Further studies are needed to explore the exact mechanisms by which these lncRNAs participate in regulation of immune responses.
Collapse
|
30
|
Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 5 (EVI5) variants are associated with multiple sclerosis in Iranian population. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2017; 18:15-19. [PMID: 29141798 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial disorder with immunological basis. Numerous genetic and environmental factors contribute in its pathogenesis. Several genetic loci have been shown to be associated with MS risk. Among genes whose participation in MS has been evaluated is Ecotropic Viral Integration Site 5 (EVI5). EVI5 is a common site of retroviral integration with a possible role in T-cell lymphomagenesis. METHODS In the current study, we aimed to confirm association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within EVI5 gene with MS in 410 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 410 controls from Iranian population. The rs6680578, rs10537781 and rs11810217 genotypes were defined by amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR method. RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies of rs6680578 and rs11810217 were not significantly different between cases and controls. However, in the rs10735781 the GG genotype was significantly associated with MS risk in recessive (P = 0.03, OR (95%CI) = 1.84 (1.05-3.19)) and co-dominant models (P = 0.02, OR 95%CI) = 1.90 (1.08-3.35)). In addition, T G T haplotype (rs6680578, rs10735781 and rs11810217 respectively) was associated with MS risk while T C C, A G T and A C T had a protective effect against MS. CONCLUSION The results of the current study provide further evidences for participation of EVI5 in MS pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
31
|
Kowalec K, Kingwell E, Carruthers R, Marrie RA, Bernatsky S, Traboulsee A, Ross CJD, Carleton B, Tremlett H. Application of pharmacogenomics to investigate adverse drug reactions to the disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis: a case-control study protocol for dimethyl fumarate-induced lymphopenia. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016276. [PMID: 28576902 PMCID: PMC5623385 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a global public health issue. The potential for pharmacogenomic biomarkers has been demonstrated in several therapeutical areas, including HIV infection and oncology. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a licensed disease-modifying therapy for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The use of DMF in MS has been associated with a severe reduction in lymphocyte counts and reports of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Here, we outline the protocol for a case-control study designed to discover genomic variants associated with DMF-induced lymphopenia. The ultimate goal is to replicate these findings and create an efficient and adaptable approach towards the identification of genomic markers that could assist in mitigating adverse drug reactions in MS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The population sample will comprise DMF-exposed patients with MS, with cases representing those who developed lymphopenia and controls who did not. DNA genotyping will take place using a high-throughput genome-wide array. Fine mapping and imputation will be performed to focus in on the potentially causal variants associated with lymphopenia. Multivariable logistic regression will be used to compare genotype and allele frequencies between the cases and the controls, with consideration of potential confounders. The association threshold will be set at p<1.0×10-5 for the discovery of genomic association analyses to select variants for replication. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been obtained from the respective research ethics board, which includes written informed consent. Findings will be disseminated widely, including at scientific conferences, via podcasts (targeted at both healthcare professionals as well as patients and the wider community), through patient engagement and other outreach community events, written lay summaries for all participants and formal publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaarina Kowalec
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancover, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elaine Kingwell
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancover, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert Carruthers
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancover, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ruth Ann Marrie
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anthony Traboulsee
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancover, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Colin J D Ross
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancover, British Columbia, Canada
- B.C. Childrens Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bruce Carleton
- B.C. Childrens Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Helen Tremlett
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancover, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mazdeh M, Noroozi R, Gharesouran J, Sayad A, Komaki A, Eftekharian MM, Habibi M, Toghi M, Taheri M. The Importance of VEGF-KDR Signaling Pathway Genes should Not Be Ignored When the Risk of Developing Multiple Sclerosis is Taken into Consideration. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 62:73-78. [PMID: 28401369 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0912-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR) pathway trigger the process of angiogenesis as well as inflammation, which contributes to the development and progression of demyelinating lesions in multiple sclerosis. This work is a case-control study comprising of a total of 400 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 400 healthy controls. Participants were subjected to neurological examination and peripheral blood sampling for genotyping. Polymorphisms in the VEGF and KDR genes were assessed using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) method. A significantly higher frequency of the T allele and TT genotype of the VEGF 936C > T (rs3025039) polymorphism was found in the multiple sclerosis group than in the healthy control group (P = 0.01 [OR = 1.41] and P = 0.01 [OR = 3.12], respectively). In addition, VEGF 936C > T showed an association with patients in a recessive model. However, the KDR -604T > C (rs2071559) polymorphism showed no significant difference in either allelic or genotype frequency between the two groups. Taken together, the results of the present study suggests that the T allele of the rs3025039 in VEGF gene could be considered a risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis in the Iranian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Noroozi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jalal Gharesouran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 8th Floor, SBUMS Bldg., Next to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Evin, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 8th Floor, SBUMS Bldg., Next to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Evin, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Habibi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 8th Floor, SBUMS Bldg., Next to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Evin, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran
| | - Mehdi Toghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 8th Floor, SBUMS Bldg., Next to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Evin, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 8th Floor, SBUMS Bldg., Next to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Evin, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran. .,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, No 23, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Amir Ebrahimi St, Pasdaran Ave, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S, Solgi G, Sayad A, Mazdeh M, Omrani MD. Determination of cytokine levels in multiple sclerosis patients and their relevance with patients' response to Cinnovex. Cytokine 2017; 96:138-143. [PMID: 28399486 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous chronic immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with several environmental and genetic factors participating in its development and disease course. Interferon (IFN)-β therapy is considered as the first line treatment in this disorder. The present study enrolled 231 relapsing-remitting MS patients who were diagnosed as IFN-β responders (n=146) and non-responders (n=85). Serum cytokine levels were analyzed by commercially available ELISA kits in distinct groups based on HLA-A, -B and -DRB1 alleles. IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in responders compared with non-responders, whereas IL-17A and IL-6 had the opposite trend. The levels of IL-10 and IL-4 were not significantly different between two groups. IFN-γ and IL-17A levels were associated with response to IFN-β. Comparison of cytokine levels revealed higher IFN-γ levels in HLA-DRB1∗04 positive patients (n=72) compared with HLA-DRB1∗04 negative patients (n=159). In responder group, patients who were positive for HLA-DRB1∗15 had significantly higher levels of IL-6 compared to HLA-DRB1∗15 negative patients. IL-17A levels tend to be higher in responder patients who were positive for HLA-DRB1∗04 compared with those were negative for the same allele. This study suggests that the serum levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are different among IFN-β responders and non-responders. Future studies are needed to confirm their efficiency in determination of response to IFN-β in MS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Solgi
- Molecular Immunology Research Group, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sayad A, Ghafouri-Fard S, Omrani MD, Noroozi R, Taheri M. Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) polymorphism is associated with IFNβ response in Iranian multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:1093-1099. [PMID: 28386647 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-2935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous immune-related demyelinating disorder of central nervous system with several genetic and environmental factors contributing in its pathogenesis or patients' response to therapies. Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) is among the genes which are induced by IFNβ and are involved in the MS pathogenesis and/or response to IFNβ. In the present case-control study, we evaluated the association between three SNPs at nt -123 (A or C, rs17000900), nt -88 (G or T, rs2071430), and nt +20 (A or C, rs464138) and MS risk as well as treatment response in a population of Iranian MS patients including 146 IFNβ responders and 85 non-responders as well as 180 healthy controls. The AGA (-123, -88, +20) haplotype was more frequent in controls compared with MS cases (P = 0.038, OR (95% CI) = 1.77 (1.03-3.02)). Of particular note, the frequency of rs464138 AA genotype was significantly higher in responders compared with non-responders. However, the allele and genotype frequencies of other SNPs were not significantly different among patient subtypes or between patients and controls. Besides, we have demonstrated that CGC, ATA, and AGA (-123, -88, +20) haplotypes were significantly associated with IFNβ response in MS patients. As SNPs on MxA promoter region might participate in MS patients' response to IFNβ, prior patients genotyping may increase the rate of responsiveness and help in individualized selection of treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Amir Ebrahimi St, Pasdaran Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Noroozi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Amir Ebrahimi St, Pasdaran Ave, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 8th Floor, SBUMS Bldg., Next to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Evin, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sayad A, Kelarijani MK, Sajjadi E, Taheri M. IFNAR1 expression level in Iranian multiple sclerosis patients treated with IFN-B. Hum Antibodies 2017; 26:17-22. [PMID: 28282804 DOI: 10.3233/hab-170316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) as an auto-immune disease is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Certain genes have shown to be involved in the initiation of MS but the specific role of some of them, e.g. IFNAR1 has not been identified in certain populations yet. OBJECTIVE The IFNAR1 as a type I membrane protein shapes one of the two chains of a receptor for interferons alpha and beta. METHODS To find out how IFNAR1 functions in the Iranian population, the researchers compared the expression level of this gene in relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) samples with normal individuals. RNA from the whole blood of 50 RR-MS patients and 50 normal controls were extracted. All patients were HLA-DRB1*15 negative and were responders to interferon-beta with a normal vitamin D level. The level of IFNAR1 gene expression was measured using quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS According to the results the RR-MS patients manifested a statistically higher expression level of IFNAR1 than their normal counterparts (p= 0.012). Age-wise, females between the ages, 30 to 40 had a significant increase (p= 0.046) but males under 30 showed a statistically meaningful decrease in the expression level (p= 0.04). In terms of sex, only the female patients manifested a statistically significant increase in IFNAR1 (p= 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The overall results show an increase in IFNAR1 level in MS patients treated with IFN-B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elham Sajjadi
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rezaie Z, Taheri M, Kohan L, Sayad A. Down-regulation of CYP27B1 gene expression in Iranian patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Hum Antibodies 2017; 24:71-76. [PMID: 27792005 DOI: 10.3233/hab-160297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) as a complex neurological disease can be due to vitamin D deficiency. CYP27B1 is referred to as a vitamin D metabolizing enzyme. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study compared the expression level of CYP27B1 in Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS) patients with normal individuals in Iran. The RNA was extracted from 50 RRMS patients and 50 normal controls. Quantitative RT-PCR was adopted to measure the expression level of CYP27B1 gene. RESULTS The expression level of CYP27B1gene was significantly lower in the RRMS patients than their normal counterparts (P value = 0.04). Also, the RRMS females participating had a significant reduction in CYP27B1 gene expression compared to normal females (P-Value = 0.01). In addition, the correlation between CYP27B1 expression level, and the risk of Expanded Disability Status Scale of Kurtzke (EDSS) was not linear. Additionally, there was no significant correlation between expression status of CYP27B1gene and duration of the disease. CONCLUSION A significant decrease in the expression level of CYP27A1 in female patients could indicate their greater vulnerability to MS than the male patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rezaie
- Department of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran.,Department of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Leila Kohan
- Department of Biology, Arsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Eftekharian MM, Sayad A, Omrani MD, Ghannad MS, Noroozi R, Mazdeh M, Mirfakhraie R, Movafagh A, Roshanaei G, Azimi T, Inoko H, Taheri M. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FOXP3 gene are associated with increased risk of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Hum Antibodies 2017; 24:85-90. [PMID: 27792007 DOI: 10.3233/hab-160299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune multifactorial disease with unknown etiology, various genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. OBJECTIVE Recent studies have confirmed that the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (T (reg)) is impaired in MS patients and that the FOXP3 gene is a crucial transcription factor in the regulation of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg cells. Polymorphisms in the promoter region of the FOXP3 gene may alter the gene expression level and, therefore, contribute to the disease susceptibility. METHODS The present study aimed to investigate the possible association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs3761548 and rs2232365 in the FOXP3 gene and predisposition to MS. We conducted a case-control study on 410 patients with sporadic MS and 446 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS Significant differences in distribution of both rs3761548 and rs2232365 A allele were found in MS patients in comparison to controls. Haplotype frequencies were also different among the studied groups. The A-A and C-G haplotype blocks showed a significant difference between case and controls. CONCLUSION we have provided further evidence for the association between genetic variations and haplotypes in FOXP3 and MS in Iranian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Eftekharian
- Faculty of Paramedicine, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Sabouri Ghannad
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Noroozi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Movafagh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Roshanaei
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Azimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Modeling of No communicable diseases Research center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Phospholipase D1 expression analysis in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol Sci 2017; 38:865-872. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-2857-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
39
|
Toghi M, Taheri M, Arsang-Jang S, Ohadi M, Mirfakhraie R, Mazdeh M, Sayad A. SOCS gene family expression profile in the blood of multiple sclerosis patients. J Neurol Sci 2017; 375:481-485. [PMID: 28196747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease, and the most common cause of nontraumatic disability in young people. The etiology of this disease is not well defined yet. Cytokines play an important role in differentiation, maturation and survival of a wide range of cells, including cells of the immune system. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are the most important regulators of this cytokine signaling pathway. The aim of present study was to compare the expression levels of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3 and SOCS5 genes in the blood of 50 relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS) patients and 50 healthy controls by Taqman Quantitative Real-Time PCR in patients and healthy control group. We observed that SOCS1 and SOCS5 expression was significantly down-regulated (P=0.045 and P=0.044, respectively); whereas, no significant difference was observed between MS patients and controls for SOCS2 and SOCS3 gene expression (P=0.747 and P=0.439, respectively). In addition, there was no significant correlation between the expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3 and SOCS5 genes and clinical findings, such as the level of physical disability in the MS patients according to the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) criterion and disease duration. However, a significant positive correlation was observed between expression levels of SOCS genes. This study shows that loss of balance among various members of the SOCS family proteins may contribute to pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Toghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 23, Shahid Labbafi Nejad Educational Hospital, Amir Ebrahimi St, Pasdaran Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mina Ohadi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nazdik MK, Taheri M, Sajjadi E, Arsang-Jang S, Koohpar ZK, Inoko H, Sayad A. Increased expression ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) RNA levels in Iranian multiple sclerosis patients. Hum Antibodies 2016; 24:65-70. [PMID: 27689613 DOI: 10.3233/hab-160296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease involving the central nervous system (CNS) with unknown immunopathogenic mechanisms. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) facilitates T-cell migration into the CNS while the tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) inhibits MMP-9 actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TIMP-1 RNA and MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio in blood cells of Iranian patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treated with IFNb. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study compared the expression level of TIMP-1 gene in RRMS samples with normal individuals in Iran and the results were compared using a ratio of MMP-9 to TIMP-1. All patients were HLA-DRB1*15 negative and were responders to interferon-beta with a normal vitamin D level. RESULTS The RRMS patients manifested a lower expression level of TIMP-1 RNA than their normal counterparts although the result was not significant (P= 0.06). Also, the ratio of MMP-9 to TIMP-1 RNA increased significantly (P= 0.009). There was no linear correlation between TIMP-1 expression level and risk of Expanded Disability Status Scale of Kurtzke (EDSS); nor was there any significant correlation between expression status of TIMP-1 and duration of the disease. Although there was no significant decrease in TIMP-1 expression level, the MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio in RRMS was significantly higher than normal subjects. CONCLUSION Further studies are recommended to compare MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio in patients before and after taking IFN-beta in order to find out if MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio can function as a proper marker of the bio efficacy of IFN-beta treatment of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khoshbin Nazdik
- Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran
- Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Elham Sajjadi
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Zeinab Kazaei Koohpar
- Department of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran
| | | | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|