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Wu W, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Zhu G, Tan K, Liu M, Li L. Biomechanical Effects of Mechanical Stress on Cells Involved in Fracture Healing. Orthop Surg 2024; 16:811-820. [PMID: 38439564 PMCID: PMC10984830 DOI: 10.1111/os.14026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Fracture healing is a complex staged repair process in which the mechanical environment plays a key role. Bone tissue is very sensitive to mechanical stress stimuli, and the literature suggests that appropriate stress can promote fracture healing by altering cellular function. However, fracture healing is a coupled process involving multiple cell types that balance and limit each other to ensure proper fracture healing. The main cells that function during different stages of fracture healing are different, and the types and molecular mechanisms of stress required are also different. Most previous studies have used a single mechanical stimulus on individual mechanosensitive cells, and there is no relatively uniform standard for the size and frequency of the mechanical stress. Analyzing the mechanisms underlying the effects of mechanical stimulation on the metabolic regulation of signaling pathways in cells such as in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoclasts is currently a challenging research hotspot. Grasping how stress affects the function of different cells at the molecular biology level can contribute to the refined management of fracture healing. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the relevant literature and describe the effects of mechanical stress on cells associated with fracture healing, and their possible signaling pathways, for the treatment of fractures and the further development of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyong Wu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Orthopedic Department, The Fourth Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongqing Wang
- Orthopedic Department, The Fourth Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gengbao Zhu
- General Clinical Research Center, Anhui Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group General Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Kemeng Tan
- General Clinical Research Center, Anhui Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group General Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Meiyue Liu
- Orthopedic Department, The Fourth Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Li
- General Clinical Research Center, Anhui Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group General Hospital, Suzhou, China
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2
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Steppe L, Megafu M, Tschaffon-Müller ME, Ignatius A, Haffner-Luntzer M. Fracture healing research: Recent insights. Bone Rep 2023; 19:101686. [PMID: 38163010 PMCID: PMC10757288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone has the rare capability of scarless regeneration that enables the complete restoration of the injured bone area. In recent decades, promising new technologies have emerged from basic, translational and clinical research for fracture treatment; however, 5-10 % of all bone fractures still fail to heal successfully or heal in a delayed manner. Several comorbidities and risk factors have been identified which impair bone healing and might lead to delayed bone union or non-union. Therefore, a considerable amount of research has been conducted to elucidate molecular mechanisms of successful and delayed fracture healing to gain further insights into this complex process. One focus of recent research is to investigate the complex interactions of different cell types and the action of progenitor cells during the healing process. Of particular interest is also the identification of patient-specific comorbidities and how these affect fracture healing. In this review, we discuss the recent knowledge about progenitor cells for long bone repair and the influence of comorbidities such as diabetes, postmenopausal osteoporosis, and chronic stress on the healing process. The topic selection for this review was made based on the presented studies at the 2022 annual meeting of the European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) in Helsinki.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Steppe
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Megafu
- A.T. Still University Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, USA
| | | | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Germany
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3
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Horowitz RA, Kurtzman GM. Utilization of Low-Magnitude High-Frequency Vibration (LMHFV) as an Aid in Treating Peri-Implantitis: Case Presentations. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2023; 49:501-509. [PMID: 36975737 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-21-00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory process initiating in the soft tissue and then progressing to the hard tissue surrounding dental implants leading to loss of osseous support and potential loss of the implant if not identified early in the process. This process initiates in the soft tissue, which become inflamed spreading to the underlying bone leading to decreases in bone density with subsequent crestal resorption and thread exposure. In the absence of treatment of the peri-implantitis, the bone loss at the osseous implant interface progresses with inflammatory mediated decrease in the bone density that moves apically, eventually leading to mobility of the implant and its failure. Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) has been shown to improve bone density, stimulate osteoblastic activity, and arrest progression of peri-implantitis with improvement of the bone or graft around the affected implant with or without surgery as part of the treatment. Two cases are presented using LMHFV to augment treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Horowitz
- Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, NYU School of Dentistry, New York, New York
- Private practice, Scarsdale, New York
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Brites-Ferreira A, Taiar R, Cardoso ALBD, De Souza-Santos D, da Costa-Borges PP, Torres-Nunes L, Jaques-Albuquerque LT, Monteiro-Oliveira BB, Boyer FC, da Cunha Sá-Caputo D, Rapin A, Bernardo-Filho M. Therapeutic Approach of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Wound Healing in Animal Models: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4925. [PMID: 36981833 PMCID: PMC10048796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human skin wounds pose a gathering threat to the public health, carrying an immense epidemiologic and financial burden. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological (NP) treatments have been proposed to the management of wound healing. Physical exercise is a strong NP intervention considered for patients in wound healing. Particularly, a type of exercise intervention known as whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise has gained increasing interest. WBV exercise is generated due to the transmission of mechanical vibrations, produced by a vibrating platform, to the body. The aim of this review was to summarize studies in experimental animal models using WBV exercise in wound healing. Searches were performed in EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science including publications on 21 November 2022 using the string "whole body vibration" AND "wound healing" (animal or mice or mouse or rat or rodent). The SYRCLE tool was used to assess the risk of bias (RoB). From 48 studies, five studies met the inclusion criteria. RoB indicated that none of the studies fulfilled all methodological analyzed criteria, resulting in possible biases. The studies were homogeneous, and results suggest beneficial effects of WBV exercise in wound healing, mainly related to enhancing angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, reducing the blood glucose level and enhancing blood microcirculation, by increasing myofiber growth and rapid re-epithelialization. In conclusion, the various biological effects of the response to the WBV exercise indicate the relevance of this intervention in wound healing in animals. Moreover, considering the translation approach, it is possible to speculate that the beneficial effects of this non-pharmacological therapy might justify clinical trials for wound healing also in humans, after criterion evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrielli Brites-Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Redha Taiar
- MATériaux et Ingénierie Mécanique (MATIM), Université de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
| | - André Luiz Bandeira Dionizio Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Daysa De Souza-Santos
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Patricia Prado da Costa-Borges
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Luiza Torres-Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Luelia Teles Jaques-Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bessa Monteiro-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Francois Constant Boyer
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Reims, Département de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital Sébastopol, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092 Reims, France
- Faculté de Médecine, VieFra, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Danúbia da Cunha Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Amandine Rapin
- Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Reims, Département de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Hôpital Sébastopol, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092 Reims, France
- Faculté de Médecine, VieFra, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas—LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
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5
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Li MCM, Chow SKH, Wong RMY, Chen B, Cheng JCY, Qin L, Cheung WH. Osteocyte-specific dentin matrix protein 1 : the role of mineralization regulation in low-magnitude high-frequency vibration enhanced osteoporotic fracture healing. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:465-476. [PMID: 35787000 PMCID: PMC9350691 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.117.bjr-2021-0476.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims There is an increasing concern of osteoporotic fractures in the ageing population. Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) was shown to significantly enhance osteoporotic fracture healing through alteration of osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network (LCN). Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) in osteocytes is known to be responsible for maintaining the LCN and mineralization. This study aimed to investigate the role of osteocyte-specific DMP1 during osteoporotic fracture healing augmented by LMHFV. Methods A metaphyseal fracture was created in the distal femur of ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomized to five different groups: 1) DMP1 knockdown (KD), 2) DMP1 KD + vibration (VT), 3) Scramble + VT, 4) VT, and 5) control (CT), where KD was performed by injection of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into marrow cavity; vibration treatment was conducted at 35 Hz, 0.3 g; 20 minutes/day, five days/week). Assessments included radiography, micro-CT, dynamic histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry on DMP1, sclerostin, E11, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In vitro, murine long bone osteocyte-Y4 (MLO-Y4) osteocyte-like cells were randomized as in vivo groupings. DMP1 KD was performed by transfecting cells with shRNA plasmid. Assessments included immunocytochemistry on osteocyte-specific markers as above, and mineralized nodule staining. Results Healing capacities in DMP1 KD groups were impaired. Results showed that DMP1 KD significantly abolished vibration-enhanced fracture healing at week 6. DMP1 KD significantly altered the expression of osteocyte-specific markers. The lower mineralization rate in DMP1 KD groups indicated that DMP1 knockdown was associated with poor fracture healing process. Conclusion The blockage of DMP1 would impair healing outcomes and negate LMHFV-induced enhancement on fracture healing. These findings reveal the importance of DMP1 in response to the mechanical signal during osteoporotic fracture healing. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(7):465–476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng C M Li
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon K-H Chow
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald M Y Wong
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bailing Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jack C Y Cheng
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Hoi Cheung
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang X, Sun Y, Chen W, Yang J, Chen J, Chen S. Nanoparticle functionalization with genetically-engineered mesenchymal stem cell membrane for targeted drug delivery and enhanced cartilage protection. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212802. [PMID: 35929288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage encounters structural damage and tissue degeneration during osteoarthritis. It is of great significance to effectively deliver the therapeutic drug to the location of the cartilage lesion. Nanoparticle-based biomimetic systems provide an important solution for drug delivery, but they still lack the active targeting capability. Although some physical and chemical modifications could decrease non-specific interactions to some extent, a specific bio-interaction for active targeting is still required for many biomedical purposes. In this study, we proposed genetically-engineered mesenchymal stem cell membrane-derived nanoparticles with the active targeting capability. BMSCs were engineered for the high expression of CXCR4 to actively migrate to the injured locations, and cell membrane of the engineered BMSCs was isolated and camouflaged to fluorescent nanoparticles. The modified nanoparticles that loaded with the therapeutic drug were incubated with IL-1β-induced injured articular chondrocytes and cartilage. The results invisibly demonstrated that these engineered nanoparticles could increase both cellular uptake and penetration depth in the target cells and tissues under inflammatory microenvironments to protect the injured cartilage. Therefore, this genetically-modified nanoparticle functionalization strategy is expected to provide evidence for active targeting in the tissue injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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7
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Sun Y, Wan B, Wang R, Zhang B, Luo P, Wang D, Nie JJ, Chen D, Wu X. Mechanical Stimulation on Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Surrounding Microenvironments in Bone Regeneration: Regulations and Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:808303. [PMID: 35127684 PMCID: PMC8815029 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.808303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of bone defects remains a challenge in the clinic. Artificial bone grafts are the most promising alternative to autologous bone grafting. However, one of the limiting factors of artificial bone grafts is the limited means of regulating stem cell differentiation during bone regeneration. As a weight-bearing organ, bone is in a continuous mechanical environment. External mechanical force, a type of biophysical stimulation, plays an essential role in bone regeneration. It is generally accepted that osteocytes are mechanosensitive cells in bone. However, recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can also respond to mechanical signals. This article reviews the mechanotransduction mechanisms of MSCs, the regulation of mechanical stimulation on microenvironments surrounding MSCs by modulating the immune response, angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and the application of mechanical stimulation of MSCs in bone regeneration. The review provides a deep and extensive understanding of mechanical stimulation mechanisms, and prospects feasible designs of biomaterials for bone regeneration and the potential clinical applications of mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Sun
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ben Wan
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU), Amsterdam Movement Science (AMS), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Renxian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Diaodiao Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Jun Nie
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Jun Nie, ; Dafu Chen,
| | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Jun Nie, ; Dafu Chen,
| | - Xinbao Wu
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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8
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Campos MS, Volpon JB, Ximenez JPB, Franttini AP, Dalloul CE, Sousa-Neto MD, Silva RA, Kacena MA, Zamarioli A. Vibration therapy as an effective approach to improve bone healing in diabetic rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:909317. [PMID: 36060973 PMCID: PMC9437439 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.909317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of vibration therapy on fracture healing in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. METHODS 148 rats underwent fracture surgery and were assigned to four groups: (1) SHAM: weight-matched non-diabetic rats, (2) SHAM+VT: non-diabetic rats treated with vibration therapy (VT), (3) DM: diabetic rats, and (4) DM+VT: diabetic rats treated with VT. Thirty days after diabetes induction with streptozotocin, animals underwent bone fracture, followed by surgical stabilization. Three days after bone fracture, rats began VT. Bone healing was assessed on days 14 and 28 post-fracture by serum bone marker analysis, and femurs collected for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, micro-computed tomography, histology, and gene expression. RESULTS Our results are based on 88 animals. Diabetes led to a dramatic impairment of bone healing as demonstrated by a 17% reduction in bone mineral density and decreases in formation-related microstructural parameters compared to non-diabetic control rats (81% reduction in bone callus volume, 69% reduction in woven bone fraction, 39% reduction in trabecular thickness, and 45% in trabecular number). These changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression of osteoblast-related genes (Runx2, Col1a1, Osx), as well as a 92% reduction in serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) levels. On the other hand, resorption-related parameters were increased in diabetic rats, including a 20% increase in the callus porosity, a 33% increase in trabecular separation, and a 318% increase in serum C terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels. VT augmented osteogenic and chondrogenic cell proliferation at the fracture callus in diabetic rats; increased circulating IGF-1 by 668%, callus volume by 52%, callus bone mineral content by 90%, and callus area by 72%; and was associated with a 19% reduction in circulating receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANK-L). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes had detrimental effects on bone healing. Vibration therapy was effective at counteracting the significant disruption in bone repair induced by diabetes, but did not improve fracture healing in non-diabetic control rats. The mechanical stimulus not only improved bone callus quality and quantity, but also partially restored the serum levels of IGF-1 and RANK-L, inducing bone formation and mineralization, thus creating conditions for adequate fracture repair in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa S. Campos
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José B. Volpon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo B. Ximenez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Franttini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Christopher E. Dalloul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Manoel D. Sousa-Neto
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel A. Silva
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Melissa A. Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ariane Zamarioli
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ariane Zamarioli,
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9
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Yi H, Wang Y, Liang Q, Mao X. Preclinical and Clinical Amelioration of Bone Fractures with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897211051743. [PMID: 35916286 PMCID: PMC9350497 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211051743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though reunion of bone fracture confronts clinicians, mesenchymal stromal
cells (MSCs) are investigated to be curative in bone fracture. This study aimed
to explore the application potential of MSCs for healing bone fractures. By
inputting search terms and retrieving studies published up to March 2021,
multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane
Library, were searched to identify eligible studies. The mean difference (MD)
and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to analyze the main results
in the meta-analysis. Data analysis was performed using Engauge Digitizer 10.8
and R Software. Of the 31 articles, 26 were preclinical studies
(n = 913), and 5 were clinical trials (n =
335). Preclinically, MSCs therapy significantly augmented the progress of bone
regeneration [(bone volume over tissue volume (MD7.35, p <
0.01)], despite some non-significant effects (on the callus index, bone
strength, work to failure, and stiffness). Clinically, the MSC group had a
significantly reduced incidence of poor recovery (odds ratio (OR) 0.30,
p < 0.01); however, a significant decrease in healing
time was not observed in the MSC group (MD 2.47, p = 0.26). In
summary, our data suggest that patients with bone fractures benefited from MSC
administration and that MSCs are a potentially useful agent for bone
regeneration. Despite these satisfactory outcomes, larger randomised clinical
trials (RCTs) are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Yi
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qunying Liang
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqun Mao
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Wong RMY, Chow SKH, Tang N, Chung YL, Griffith J, Liu WH, Ng RWK, Tso CY, Cheung WH. Vibration therapy as an intervention for enhancing trochanteric hip fracture healing in elderly patients: a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Trials 2021; 22:878. [PMID: 34863272 PMCID: PMC8643183 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are more than 300,000 hip fractures yearly in the USA with mortality rates of 20% within 1 year. The treatment of osteoporotic fractures is a major challenge as bone quality is poor, and healing is expected to delay due to the impaired healing properties with respect to bone formation, angiogenesis, and mineralization. Enhancement of osteoporotic fracture healing and function is therefore critical as a major goal in modern fracture management. Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) accelerates osteoporotic fracture healing. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of LMHFV on accelerating trochanteric hip fracture healing and functional recovery. METHODS This is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effect of LMHFV in accelerating trochanteric hip fracture healing. All fractures undergo cephalomedullary nail fixation. The primary outcome of this study is time to fracture healing by X-ray. Computed tomography (CT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) will also be performed. Blood circulation at the fracture site will be assessed by dynamic perfusion magnetic resonance (MR). Clinical results include functional recovery by muscle strength, timed up and go test (TUG), quality of life questionnaire (SF-36), balancing, falls, and mortality. DISCUSSION Previous animal studies have demonstrated LMHFV to improve both normal and osteoporotic fracture healing by accelerating callus formation and mineralization. The mechanical stimulation stimulates angiogenesis by significantly enhancing vascular volume and blood flow velocity. This is the first study to translate LMHFV to enhancing hip fracture healing clinically. Positive results would provide a huge impact in the recovery of hip fracture patients and save healthcare costs. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04063891. Registered on August 21, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Man Yeung Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Kwoon Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yik Lok Chung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - James Griffith
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Hong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raymond Wai Kit Ng
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Yin Tso
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Hoi Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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11
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Fu Z, Huang X, Zhou P, Wu B, Cheng L, Wang X, Zhu D. Protective effects of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration on high glucose-induced osteoblast dysfunction and bone loss in diabetic rats. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:650. [PMID: 34717702 PMCID: PMC8557505 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02803-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) has been reported to be capable of promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Reduced osteoblast activity and impaired bone formation were related to diabetic bone loss. We investigated the potential protective effects of LMHFV on high-glucose (HG)-induced osteoblasts in this study. In addition, the assessment of LMHFV treatment for bone loss attributed to diabetes was also performed in vivo.
Method MC3T3-E1 cells induced by HG only or treated with LMHFV were treated in vitro. The experiments performed in this study included the detection of cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, as well as protein expression. Diabetic bone loss induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats was established. Combined with bone morphometric, microstructure, biomechanical properties and matrix composition tests, the potential of LMHFV in treating diabetes bone loss was explored. Results After the application of LMHFV, the inhibiting effects of HG on the proliferation, migration and differentiation of osteoblasts were alleviated. The GSK3β/β-catenin pathway was involved in the protective effect of LMHFV. Impaired microstructure and biomechanical properties attributed to diabetes were ameliorated by LMHFV treatment. The improvement of femur biomechanical properties might be associated with the alteration of the matrix composition by the LMHFV. Conclusion LMHFV exhibited a protective effect on osteoblasts against HG by regulating the proliferation, migration and differentiation of osteoblasts. The function of promoting bone formation and reinforcing bone strength made it possible for LMHFV to alleviate diabetic bone loss. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-021-02803-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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12
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Chow SKH, Cui C, Cheng KYK, Chim YN, Wang J, Wong CHW, Ng KW, Wong RMY, Cheung WH. Acute Inflammatory Response in Osteoporotic Fracture Healing Augmented with Mechanical Stimulation is Regulated In Vivo through the p38-MAPK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168720. [PMID: 34445423 PMCID: PMC8395718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) has previously been reported to modulate the acute inflammatory response of ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic fracture healing. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of LMHFV on the inflammatory response and the role of the p38 MAPK mechanical signaling pathway in macrophages during the healing process. A closed femoral fracture SD rat model was used. In vivo results showed that LMHFV enhanced activation of the p38 MAPK pathway at the fracture site. The acute inflammatory response, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and callus formation were suppressed in vivo by p38 MAPK inhibition. However, LMHFV did not show direct in vitro enhancement effects on the polarization of RAW264.7 macrophage from the M1 to M2 phenotype, but instead promoted macrophage enlargement and transformation to dendritic monocytes. The present study demonstrated that p38 MAPK modulated the enhancement effects of mechanical stimulation in vivo only. LMHFV may not have exerted its enhancement effects directly on macrophage, but the exact mechanism may have taken a different pathway that requires further investigation in the various subsets of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kwoon Ho Chow
- Correspondence: (S.K.H.C.); (W.H.C.); Tel.: +852-3505-1559 (S.K.H.C.); +852-3505-2715 (W.H.C.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wing Hoi Cheung
- Correspondence: (S.K.H.C.); (W.H.C.); Tel.: +852-3505-1559 (S.K.H.C.); +852-3505-2715 (W.H.C.)
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13
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Cheung WH, Wong RMY, Choy VMH, Li MCM, Cheng KYK, Chow SKH. Enhancement of osteoporotic fracture healing by vibration treatment: The role of osteocytes. Injury 2021; 52 Suppl 2:S97-S100. [PMID: 32654846 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of osteoporotic fracture is high due to global aging problem. Delayed and impaired healing in osteoporotic fractures increase the socioeconomic burden significantly. Through intensive animal and clinical research in recent years, the pathogenesis of osteoporotic fracture healing is unveiled, including decreased inflammatory response, reduced mesenchymal stem cells and deteriorated angiogenesis, etc. The enhancement of osteoporotic fracture healing is important in shortening hospitalization, thus reducing related complications. Mechanical stimulation is currently the most well-accepted approach for rehabilitation of osteoporotic fracture patients. Some new interventions providing mechanical signals were explored extensively in recent years, including vibration treatment, and osteoporotic fracture healing was found to respond very well to these signals. Vibration treatment could accelerate osteoporotic fracture healing with improved callus formation, mineralization and remodeling. However, the mechanism of how osteoporotic fracture bones sense mechanical signals and relay to bone formation remains unanswered. Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone tissues. Cumulative evidence confirm that osteocyte is a type of mechanosensory cell and shows altered morphology and reduced cell density during aging. Meanwhile, osteocytes serve as endocrine cells to regulate bone and mineral homeostasis. However, the contribution of osteocytes in osteoporotic fracture healing is largely unknown. A recent in vivo study was conducted to examine the morphological and functional changes of osteocytes after vibration treatment in an osteoporotic metaphyseal fracture rat model. The findings demonstrated that vibration treatment induced significant outgrowth of canaliculi and altered expression of various proteins (E11, DMP1, FGF23 and sclerostin), particularly osteocyte-specific dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) which was greatly increased. DMP1 may play a major role in relaying mechanical signals to bone formation, which may require further experiments to consolidate. Most importantly, vibration treatment significantly increased the mineralization and accelerated the osteoporotic fracture healing in metaphyseal fracture model. In summary, osteocyte is the major cell type to sense mechanical signals and facilitate downstream healing in osteoporotic fracture bone. Vibration treatment has good potential to be translated for clinical application to benefit osteoporotic fracture patients, while randomized controlled trials are required to validate its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Hoi Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ronald Man Yeung Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Victoria Man Huen Choy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Meng Chen Michelle Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keith Yu Kin Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon Kwoon Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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14
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Wang X, Li X, Li J, Zhai L, Liu D, Abdurahman A, Zhang Y, Yokota H, Zhang P. Mechanical loading stimulates bone angiogenesis through enhancing type H vessel formation and downregulating exosomal miR-214-3p from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21150. [PMID: 33161580 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001080rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are important transporters of miRNAs, which play varying roles in the healing of the bone fracture. Angiogenesis is one of such critical events in bone healing, and we previously reported the stimulatory effect of mechanical loading in vessel remodeling. Focusing on type H vessels and exosomal miR-214-3p, this study examined the mechanism of loading-driven angiogenesis. MiRNA sequencing and qRT-PCR revealed that miR-214-3p was increased in the exosomes of the bone-losing ovariectomized (OVX) mice, while it was significantly decreased by knee loading. Furthermore, compared to the OVX group, exosomes, derived from the loading group, promoted the angiogenesis of endothelial cells. In contrast, exosomes, which were transfected with miR-214-3p, decreased the angiogenic potential. Notably, knee loading significantly improved the microvascular volume, type H vessel formation, and bone mineral density and contents, as well as BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and Tb.Sp. In cell cultures, the overexpression of miR-214-3p in endothelial cells reduced the tube formation and cell migration. Collectively, this study demonstrates that knee loading promotes angiogenesis by enhancing the formation of type H vessels and downregulating exosomal miR-214-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinle Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lidong Zhai
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Daquan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Abdusami Abdurahman
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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15
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Ye D, Chen C, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Li S, Liu H. Short-wave enhances mesenchymal stem cell recruitment in fracture healing by increasing HIF-1 in callus. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:382. [PMID: 32894200 PMCID: PMC7487968 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01888-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As a type of high-frequency electrotherapy, a short-wave can promote the fracture healing process; yet, its underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. Purpose To observe the effect of Short-Wave therapy on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) homing and relative mechanisms associated with fracture healing. Materials and methods For in vivo study, the effect of Short-Wave therapy to fracture healing was examined in a stabilized femur fracture model of 40 SD rats. Radiography was used to analyze the morphology and microarchitecture of the callus. Additionally, fluorescence assays were used to analyze the GFP-labeled MSC homing after treatment in 20 nude mice with a femoral fracture. For in vitro study, osteoblast from newborn rats simulated fracture site was first irradiated by the Short-Wave; siRNA targeting HIF-1 was used to investigate the role of HIF-1. Osteoblast culture medium was then collected as chemotaxis content of MSC, and the migration of MSC from rats was evaluated using wound healing assay and trans-well chamber test. The expression of HIF-1 and its related factors were quantified by q RT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blot. Results Our in vivo experiment indicated that Short-Wave therapy could promote MSC migration, increase local and serum HIF-1 and SDF-1 levels, induce changes in callus formation, and improve callus microarchitecture and mechanical properties, thus speeding up the healing process of the fracture site. Moreover, the in vitro results further indicated that Short-Wave therapy upregulated HIF-1 and SDF-1 expression in osteoblast and its cultured medium, as well as the expression of CXCR-4, β-catenin, F-actin, and phosphorylation levels of FAK in MSC. On the other hand, the inhibition of HIF-1α was significantly restrained by the inhibition of HIF-1α in osteoblast, and it partially inhibited the migration of MSC. Conclusions These results suggested that Short-Wave therapy could increase HIF-1 in callus, which is one of the crucial mechanisms of chemotaxis MSC homing in fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China.,Department of Rehabilitation, The people's Hospital of Longhua District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Lv
- Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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17
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Reynolds R, Garner A, Norton J. Sound and Vibration as Research Variables in Terrestrial Vertebrate Models. ILAR J 2020; 60:159-174. [PMID: 32602530 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound and vibration have been shown to alter animal behavior and induce physiological changes as well as to cause effects at the cellular and molecular level. For these reasons, both environmental factors have a considerable potential to alter research outcomes when the outcome of the study is dependent on the animal existing in a normal or predictable biological state. Determining the specific levels of sound or vibration that will alter research is complex, as species will respond to different frequencies and have varying frequencies where they are most sensitive. In consideration of the potential of these factors to alter research, a thorough review of the literature and the conditions that likely exist in the research facility should occur specific to each research study. This review will summarize the fundamental physical properties of sound and vibration in relation to deriving maximal level standards, consider the sources of exposure, review the effects on animals, and discuss means by which the adverse effects of these factors can be mitigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Reynolds
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Durham, NC
| | - Angela Garner
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Durham, NC
| | - John Norton
- Duke University School of Medicine, Pathology and Division of Laboratory Animal Resources
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18
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Moon DK, Kim BG, Lee AR, In Choe Y, Khan I, Moon KM, Jeon RH, Byun JH, Hwang SC, Woo DK. Resveratrol can enhance osteogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis from human periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:203. [PMID: 32493422 PMCID: PMC7268497 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder that leads to low bone mass and microstructural deterioration of bone tissue and increases bone fractures. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound, has pleiotropic effects including anti-oxidative, anti-aging, and anti-cancer effects. Resveratrol also has roles in increasing osteogenesis and in upregulating mitochondrial biogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). However, it is still unclear that resveratrol can enhance osteogenic differentiation or mitochondrial biogenesis of periosteum-derived MSCs (PO-MSCs), which play key roles in bone tissue maintenance and fracture healing. Thus, in order to test a possible preventive or therapeutic effect of resveratrol on osteoporosis, this study investigated the effects of resveratrol treatments on osteogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis of PO-MSCs. Methods The optimal doses of resveratrol treatment on PO-MSCs were determined by cell proliferation and viability assays. Osteogenic differentiation of PO-MSCs under resveratrol treatment was assessed by alkaline phosphatase activities (ALP, an early biomarker of osteogenesis) as well as by extracellular calcium deposit levels (a late biomarker). Mitochondrial biogenesis during osteogenic differentiation of PO-MSCs was measured by quantifying both mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents. Results Resveratrol treatments above 10 μM seem to have negative effects on cell proliferation and viability of PO-MSCs. Resveratrol treatment (at 5 μM) on PO-MSCs during osteogenic differentiation increased both ALP activities and calcium deposits compared to untreated control groups, demonstrating an enhancing effect of resveratrol on osteogenesis. In addition, resveratrol treatment (at 5 μM) during osteogenic differentiation of PO-MSCs increased both mitochondrial mass and mtDNA copy numbers, indicating that resveratrol can bolster mitochondrial biogenesis in the process of PO-MSC osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion Taken together, the findings of this study describe the roles of resveratrol in promoting osteogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis of human PO-MSCs suggesting a possible application of resveratrol as a supplement for osteoporosis and/or osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Moon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Gyu Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ram Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong In Choe
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Khan
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Mi Moon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryoung-Hoon Jeon
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Chul Hwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Kyun Woo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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Yokoi H, Take Y, Uchida R, Magome T, Shimomura K, Mae T, Okamoto T, Hanai T, Chong Y, Sato S, Hikida M, Nakata K. Vibration acceleration promotes endochondral formation during fracture healing through cellular chondrogenic differentiation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229127. [PMID: 32134943 PMCID: PMC7058294 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibration acceleration through whole body vibration has been reported to promote fracture healing. However, the mechanism responsible for this effect remains unclear. Purpose of this study was to determine whether vibration acceleration directly affects cells around the fracture site and promotes endochondral ossification. Four-week-old female Wistar Hannover rats were divided into two groups (vibration [V group] and control [C group]). The eighth ribs on both sides were cut vertically using scissors. From postoperative day 3 to 11, vibration acceleration using Power Plate® (30 Hz, low amplitude [30-Low], 10 min/day) was applied in the V group. Mature calluses appeared earlier in the V group than in the C group by histological analysis. The GAG content in the fracture callus on day 6 was significantly higher in the V group than in the C group. The mRNA expressions of SOX-9, aggrecan, and Col-II in the fracture callus on day 6 and Col-X on day 9 were significantly higher in the V group than in the C group. For in vitro analysis, four different conditions of vibration acceleration (30 or 50 Hz with low or high amplitude [30-Low, 30-High, 50-Low, and 50-High], 10 min/day) were applied to a prechondrogenic cell (ATDC5) and an undifferentiated cell (C3H10T1/2). There was no significant difference in cell proliferation between the control and any of the four vibration conditions for both cell lines. For both cell lines, alcian blue staining was greater under 30-Low and 50-Low conditions than under control as well as 30-High and 50-High conditions on days 7 and 14. Vibration acceleration under 30-L condition upregulated chondrogenic gene expressions of SOX-9, aggrecan, Col-II, and Col-X. Low-amplitude vibration acceleration can promote endochondral ossification in the fracture healing in vivo and chondrogenic differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yokoi
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Take
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryohei Uchida
- Department of Sports Medicine, Yukioka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Magome
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimomura
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Mae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okamoto
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hanai
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yang Chong
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seira Sato
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minami Hikida
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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20
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Jiang X, Savchenko O, Li Y, Qi S, Yang T, Zhang W, Chen J. A Review of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound for Therapeutic Applications. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:2704-2718. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2889669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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21
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Mu D, Yu J, Lin J, Li C, Hao B, Gu F, Liu C, Tan L, Zhu D, Zhang X. Intermittent vibrations accelerate fracture healing in sheep. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900702. [PMID: 31531537 PMCID: PMC6746562 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190070000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of intermittent vibration at different intervals on bone fracture healing and optimize the vibration interval. METHODS Ninety sheep were randomized to receive no treatment (the control group), incision only (the sham control group), internal fixation with or without metatarsal fracture (the internal fixation group), and continuous vibration in addition to internal fixation of metatarsal fracture, or intermittent vibration at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 17-day interval in addition to internal fixation of metatarsal fracture (the vibration group). Vibration was done at frequency F=35 Hz, acceleration a=0.25g, 15 min each time 2 weeks after bone fracture. Bone healing was evaluated by micro-CT scan, bone microstructure and mechanical compression of finite element simulation. RESULTS Intermittent vibration at 7-day interval significantly improved bone fracture healing grade. However, no significant changes on microstructure parameters and mechanical properties were observed among sheep receiving vibration at different intervals. CONCLUSIONS Clinical healing effects should be the top concern. Quantitative analyses of bone microstructure and of finite element mechanics on the process of fracture healing need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degong Mu
- Bachelor, Operating Theatre 3, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Conception and design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript writing
| | - Jing Yu
- Master, Operating Theatre 1, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Manuscript writing
| | - Junhao Lin
- Master, College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Statistics analysis
| | - Chen Li
- Master, Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Technical procedures
| | - Baohui Hao
- Master, Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Technical procedures, interpretation of data, critical revision
| | - Feng Gu
- Master, Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Technical procedures, interpretation of data
| | - Chao Liu
- Master, Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Statistics analysis
| | - Lei Tan
- PhD, Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision
| | - Dong Zhu
- PhD, Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Conception and design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data, critical revision
| | - Xizheng Zhang
- PhD, Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China. Critical revision
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22
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Li X, Liu D, Li J, Yang S, Xu J, Yokota H, Zhang P. Wnt3a involved in the mechanical loading on improvement of bone remodeling and angiogenesis in a postmenopausal osteoporosis mouse model. FASEB J 2019; 33:8913-8924. [PMID: 31017804 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802711r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health problem, making bones fragile and susceptible to fracture. Previous works showed that mechanical loading stimulated bone formation and accelerated fracture healing. Focusing on the role of Wnt3a (wingless/integrated 3a), this study was aimed to assess effects of mechanical loading to the spine, using ovariectomized (OVX) mice as a model of osteoporosis. Two-week daily application of this novel loading (4 N, 10 Hz, 5 min/d) altered bone remodeling with an increase in Wnt3a. Spinal loading promoted osteoblast differentiation, endothelial progenitor cell migration, and tube formation and inhibited osteoclast formation, migration, and adhesion. A transient silencing of Wnt3a altered the observed loading effects. Spinal loading significantly increased bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and bone area per tissue area. The loaded OVX group showed a significant increase in the number of osteoblasts and reduction in osteoclast surface/bone surface. Though expression of osteoblastic genes was increased, the levels of osteoclastic genes were decreased by loading. Spinal loading elevated a microvascular volume as well as VEGF expression. Collectively, this study supports the notion that Wnt3a-mediated signaling involves in the effect of spinal loading on stimulating bone formation, inhibiting bone resorption, and promoting angiogenesis in OVX mice. It also suggests that Wnt3a might be a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis treatment.-Li, X., Liu, D., Li, J., Yang, S., Xu, J., Yokota, H., Zhang, P. Wnt3a involved in the mechanical loading on improvement of bone remodeling and angiogenesis in a postmenopausal osteoporosis mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinle Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; and
| | - Daquan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; and
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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23
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Reynolds RP, Li Y, Garner A, Norton JN. Vibration in mice: A review of comparative effects and use in translational research. Animal Model Exp Med 2018; 1:116-124. [PMID: 30891556 PMCID: PMC6388090 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound pressure waves surround individuals in everyday life and are perceived by animals and humans primarily through sound or vibration. When sound pressure waves traverse through a solid medium, vibration will result. Vibration has long been considered an unwanted variable in animal research and may confound scientific endeavors using animals. Understanding the characteristics of vibration is required to determine whether effects in animals are likely to be therapeutic or result in adverse biological effects. The eighth edition of the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" highlights the importance of considering vibration and its effects on animals in the research setting, but knowledge of the level of vibration for eliciting these effects was unknown. The literature provides information regarding therapeutic use of vibration in humans, but the range of conditions to be of therapeutic benefit is varied and without clarity. Understanding the characteristics of vibration (eg, frequency and magnitude) necessary to cause various effects will ultimately assist in the evaluation of this environmental factor and its role on a number of potential therapeutic regimens for use in humans. This paper will review the principles of vibration, sources within a research setting, comparative physiological effects in various species, and the relative potential use of vibration in the mouse as a translational research model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall P. Reynolds
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Angela Garner
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - John N. Norton
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Department of PathologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaopin Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Du
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Yin Y, Li X, He XT, Wu RX, Sun HH, Chen FM. Leveraging Stem Cell Homing for Therapeutic Regeneration. J Dent Res 2017; 96:601-609. [PMID: 28414563 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517706070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident stem cell pools in many tissues/organs are responsible not only for tissue maintenance during physiologic turnover but also for the process of wound repair following injury. With inspiration from stem cell trafficking within the body under physiologic and pathologic conditions, recent advances have been made toward inducing stem cell mobilization and directing patients' own cells to sites of interest for treating a broad spectrum of diseases. An evolving body of work corroborates that delivering guidance cues can mobilize stem cells from the bone marrow and drive these cells toward a specific region. In addition, the transplantation of cell-friendly biomaterials incorporating certain biomolecules has led to the regeneration of lost/damaged tissue without the need for delivering cellular materials manipulated ex vivo. Recently, cell homing has resulted in remarkable biological discoveries in the laboratory as well as great curative successes in preclinical scenarios. Here, we review the biological evidence underlying in vivo cell mobilization and homing with the aim of leveraging endogenous reparative cells for therapeutic applications. Considering both the promise and the obstacles of this approach, we discuss how matrix components of the in vivo milieu can be modified to promote the native regenerative process and inspire future tissue-engineering design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yin
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X Li
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - X T He
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - R X Wu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - H H Sun
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - F M Chen
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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26
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Liu JM, Zhao K, Du LX, Zhou Y, Long XH, Chen XY, Liu ZL. AMD3100 inhibits the migration and differentiation of neural stem cells after spinal cord injury. Sci Rep 2017; 7:64. [PMID: 28246405 PMCID: PMC5427924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It was reported that CXCR4 signaling played an important role in the migration and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the molecular mechanism of it is still unclear. Here, we established a model of SCI in rats and AMD3100 was used to treat them. The rats were then sacrificed and the injured spinal cord specimens were harvested. Additionally, the neural stem cells (NSCs) line was culture and treated with AMD3100 in vitro. Results showed the locomotor function of SCI rats was worse after treated with AMD3100. And the expression levels of Nestion in neural stem cells and β-tubulin in neuron cells were significantly increased in the injured spinal cord, which can be inhibited by the CXCR4 antagonist of AMD3100. Additionally, the expression of β-catenin and phosphorylase β-catenin protein was significantly down regulated by AMD3100. In vitro, the NSCs proliferation ability was inhibited and the migration was decreased after treated with AMD3100. Also, the expression of Nestion, β-tubulin, β-catenin and phosphorylase β-catenin protein was significantly decreased in AMD3100 group comparing with untreated group. Taken together, this study suggested that AMD3100 could inhibit the migration and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells in rats with SCI. The mechanism of it maybe that AMD3100 could down regulate of SDF-1/CXCR4 by targeting β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Liu-Xue Du
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Xuan-Yin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Li Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, PR China.
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27
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Haffner-Luntzer M, Liedert A, Ignatius A. Mechanobiology of bone remodeling and fracture healing in the aged organism. Innov Surg Sci 2016; 1:57-63. [PMID: 31579720 PMCID: PMC6753991 DOI: 10.1515/iss-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone can adapt to changing load demands by mechanically regulated bone remodeling. Osteocytes, osteoblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells are mechanosensitive and respond to mechanical signals through the activation of specific molecular signaling pathways. The process of bone regeneration after fracture is similarly and highly regulated by the biomechanical environment at the fracture site. Depending on the tissue strains, mesenchymal cells differentiate into fibroblasts, chondrocytes, or osteoblasts, determining the course and the success of healing. In the aged organism, mechanotransduction in both intact and fractured bones may be altered due to changed hormone levels and expression of growth factors and other signaling molecules. It is proposed that altered mechanotransduction may contribute to disturbed healing in aged patients. This review explains the basic principles of mechanotransduction in the bone and the fracture callus and summarizes the current knowledge on aging-induced changes in mechanobiology. Furthermore, the methods for external biomechanical stimulation of intact and fractured bones are discussed with respect to a possible application in the elderly patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Haffner-Luntzer
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Astrid Liedert
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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