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Xie J, Wang T, Zhang P, Zhang H, Wang H, Wang K, Zhang M, Xu J. Effects of multiple stressors on freshwater food webs: Evidence from a mesocosm experiment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123819. [PMID: 38508368 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Natural and anthropogenic pressures exert influence on ecosystem structure and function by affecting the physiology and behavior of organisms, as well as the trophic interactions within assemblages. Therefore, understanding how multiple stressors affect aquatic ecosystems can improve our ability to manage and protect these ecosystems and contribute to understanding fundamental ecological principles. Here, we conducted a mesocosm experiment to ascertain the individual and combined effects of multiple stressors on trophic interactions within species in freshwater ecosystems. Furthermore, we investigated how species respond to such changes by adapting their food resources. To mimic a realistic food web, we selected fish and shrimp as top predators, gastropods, zooplankton and zoobenthos as intermediate consumers, with producers (macrophytes, periphyton and phytoplankton) and detritus as basal resources. Twelve different treatments included a control, nutrient loading only, herbicide exposure only, and a combination of nutrient loading and herbicide exposure, each replicated under ambient temperature, constant warming and multiple heat waves to simulate environmental stressors. Our results demonstrated that antagonistic interactions between environmental stressors were widespread in trophic interactions, with a more pronounced and less intense impact observed for the high trophic level species. The responses of freshwater communities to environmental stressors are complex, involving direct effects on individual species as well as indirect effects through species interactions. Moreover, our results confirmed that the combinations of stressors, but not individual stressors, led to a shift to herbivory in top predators, indicating that multiple stressors can be more detrimental to organisms than individual stressors alone. These findings elucidate how changes in the resource utilization of species induced by environmental stressors can potentially influence species interactions and the structural dynamics of food webs in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China.
| | - Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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Yao CW, Fiamingo G, Lacourse K, Frenette S, Postuma RB, Montplaisir JY, Lina JM, Carrier J. Technical challenges in REM sleep microstructure classification: A study of patients with REM sleep behaviour disorder. J Sleep Res 2024:e14208. [PMID: 38606675 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
While commonly treated as a uniform state in practice, rapid eye movement sleep contains two distinct microstructures-phasic (presence of rapid eye movement) and tonic (no rapid eye movement). This study aims to identify technical challenges during rapid eye movement sleep microstructure visual classification in patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, and to propose solutions to enhance reliability between scorers. Fifty-seven sleep recordings were randomly allocated into three subsequent batches (n = 10, 13 and 34) for scoring. To reduce single-centre bias, we recruited three raters/scorers, with each trained from a different institution. Two raters independently scored each 30-s rapid eye movement sleep into 10 × fSEM3-s phasic/tonic microstructures based on the AASM guidelines. The third rater acted as an "arbitrator" to resolve opposite opinions persisting during the revision between batches. Besides interrater differences in artefact rejection rate, interrater variance frequently occurred due to transitioning between microstructures and moderate-to-severe muscular/electrode artefact interference. To enhance interrater agreement, a rapid eye movement scoring schematic graph was developed, incorporating proxy electrode use, filters and cut-offs for microstructure transitioning. To assess potential effectiveness of the schematic graph proposed, raters were instructed to systematically apply it in scoring for the third batch. Of the 34 recordings, 27 reached a Cohen's kappa score above 0.8 (i.e. almost perfect agreement between raters), significantly improved from the prior batches (p = 0.0003, Kruskal-Wallis test). Our study illustrated potential solutions and guidance for challenges that may be encountered during rapid eye movement sleep microstructure classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- C William Yao
- Psychology Department, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Fiamingo
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Karine Lacourse
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sonia Frenette
- Psychology Department, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ronald B Postuma
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques Y Montplaisir
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Lina
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Electrical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie Carrier
- Psychology Department, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Research center of the CIUSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Tagliaferri SD, Belavy DL, Fitzgibbon BM, Bowe SJ, Miller CT, Ehrenbrusthoff K, Owen PJ. How to Interpret Effect Sizes for Biopsychosocial Outcomes and Implications for Current Research. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:857-861. [PMID: 37871685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Biopsychosocial factors are associated with pain, but they can be difficult to compare. One way of comparing them is to use standardized mean differences. Previously, these effects sizes have been termed as small, medium, or large, if they are bigger than or equal to, respectively, .2, .5, or .8. These cut-offs are arbitrary and recent evidence showed that they need to be reconsidered. We argue it is necessary to determine cut-offs for each biopsychosocial factor. To achieve this, we propose 3 potential approaches: 1) examining, for each factor, how the effect size differs depending upon disease severity; 2) using an existing minimum clinically important difference to anchor the large effect size; and 3) define cut-offs by comparing data from people with and without pain. This is important for pain research, as exploring these methodologies has potential to improve comparability of biopsychosocial factors and lead to more directed treatments. We note assumptions and limitations of these methods that should also be considered. PERSPECTIVE: Standardized mean differences can estimate effect sizes between groups and could theoretically allow for comparison of biopsychosocial factors. However, common thresholds to define effect sizes are arbitrary and likely differ based on outcome. We propose methods that could overcome this and be used to derive biopsychosocial outcome-specific effect sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Tagliaferri
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel L Belavy
- Hochschule für Gesundheit (University of Applied Sciences), Department of Applied Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bernadette M Fitzgibbon
- Monarch Research Institute, Monarch Mental Health Group, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steven J Bowe
- Deakin Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Clint T Miller
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Katja Ehrenbrusthoff
- Hochschule für Gesundheit (University of Applied Sciences), Department of Applied Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Bochum, Germany
| | - Patrick J Owen
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
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Fields B, Werner N, Shah MN, Hetzel S, Golden BP, Gilmore-Bykovskyi A, Farrar Edwards D. Adapting and Testing the Care Partner Hospital Assessment Tool for Use in Dementia Care: Protocol for a 2 Sequential Phase Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e46808. [PMID: 37347517 DOI: 10.2196/46808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research and policy demonstrate the value of and need for systematically identifying and preparing care partners for their caregiving responsibilities while their family member or friend living with dementia is hospitalized. The Care Partner Hospital Assessment Tool (CHAT) has undergone content and face validation and has been endorsed as appropriate by clinicians to facilitate the timely identification and preparation of care partners of older adult patients during their hospitalization. However, the CHAT has not yet been adapted or prospectively evaluated for use with care partners of hospitalized people living with dementia. Adapting and testing the CHAT via a pilot study will provide the necessary evidence to optimize feasibility and enable future efficacy trials. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to describe the study protocol for the adaptation and testing of the CHAT for use among care partners of hospitalized people living with dementia to better prepare them for their caregiving responsibilities after hospital discharge. METHODS Our protocol is based on the National Institutes of Health Stage Model and consists of 2 sequential phases, including formative research and the main trial. In phase 1, we will use a participatory human-centered design process that incorporates people living with dementia and their care partners, health care administrators, and clinicians to adapt the CHAT for dementia care (ie, the Dementia CHAT [D-CHAT]; stage IA). In phase 2, we will partner with a large academic medical system to complete a pilot randomized controlled trial to examine the feasibility and estimate the size of the effect of the D-CHAT on care partners' preparedness for caregiving (stage IB). We anticipate this study to take approximately 60 months to complete, from study start-up procedures to dissemination. The 2 phases will take place between December 1, 2022, and November 30, 2027. RESULTS The study protocol will yield (1) a converged-upon, ready-for-feasibility testing D-CHAT; (2) descriptive and feasibility characteristics of delivering the D-CHAT; and (3) effect size estimates of the D-CHAT on care partner preparedness. We anticipate that the resultant D-CHAT will provide clinicians with guidance on how to identify and better prepare care partners for hospitalized people living with dementia. In turn, care partners will feel equipped to fulfill caregiving roles for their family members or friends living with dementia. CONCLUSIONS The expected results of this study are to favorably impact hospital-based care processes and outcomes for people living with dementia and their care partners and to elucidate the essential caregiving role that so many care partners of people living with dementia assume. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05592366; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05592366. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/46808.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Fields
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Nicole Werner
- Department of Health and Wellness Design, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Manish N Shah
- BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Scott Hetzel
- Department of Statistics, School of Computer, Data and Information Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Blair P Golden
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi
- BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dorothy Farrar Edwards
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Education, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Johnson JT, de Mari D, Doherty H, Hammond FL, Wheaton LA. Alpha-band activity in parietofrontal cortex predicts future availability of vibrotactile feedback in prosthesis use. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:1387-1398. [PMID: 35257195 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06340-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Prosthesis disuse and abandonment is an ongoing issue in upper-limb amputation. In addition to lost structural and motor function, amputation also results in decreased task-specific sensory information. One proposed remedy is augmenting somatosensory information using vibrotactile feedback to provide tactile feedback of grasping objects. While the role of frontal and parietal areas in motor tasks is well established, the neural and kinematic effects of this augmented vibrotactile feedback remain in question. In this study, we sought to understand the neurobehavioral effects of providing augmented feedback during a reach-grasp-transport task. Ten persons with sound limbs performed a motor task while wearing a prosthesis simulator with and without vibrotactile feedback. We hypothesized that providing vibrotactile feedback during prosthesis use would increase activity in frontal and parietal areas and improve grasp-related behavior. Results show that anticipation of upcoming vibrotactile feedback may be encoded in motor and parietal areas during the reach-to-grasp phase of the task. While grasp aperture is unaffected by vibrotactile feedback, the availability of vibrotactile feedback does lead to a reduction in velocity during object transport. These results help shed light on how engineered feedback is utilized by prostheses users and provide methodologies for further assessment in advanced prosthetics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Johnson
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 575 14 TH Street Northwest, Atlanta, GA, 30318, USA
| | - Daniele de Mari
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 575 14 TH Street Northwest, Atlanta, GA, 30318, USA
| | - Harper Doherty
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 575 14 TH Street Northwest, Atlanta, GA, 30318, USA
| | - Frank L Hammond
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 575 14 TH Street Northwest, Atlanta, GA, 30318, USA
| | - Lewis A Wheaton
- Georgia Institute of Technology, 575 14 TH Street Northwest, Atlanta, GA, 30318, USA.
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Wilcox RR. Two-way ANOVA: Inferences about interactions based on robust measures of effect size. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 75:46-58. [PMID: 33950536 DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Consider a two-way ANOVA design. Generally, interactions are characterized by the difference between two measures of effect size. Typically the measure of effect size is based on the difference between measures of location, with the difference between means being the most common choice. This paper deals with extending extant results to two robust, heteroscedastic measures of effect size. The first is a robust, heteroscedastic analogue of Cohen's d. The second characterizes effect size in terms of the quantiles of the null distribution. Simulation results indicate that a percentile bootstrap method yields reasonably accurate confidence intervals. Data from an actual study are used to illustrate how these measures of effect size can add perspective when comparing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand R Wilcox
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Grechuta K, De La Torre Costa J, Ballester BR, Verschure P. Challenging the Boundaries of the Physical Self: Distal Cues Impact Body Ownership. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:704414. [PMID: 34720905 PMCID: PMC8551865 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.704414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique ability to identify one’s own body and experience it as one’s own is fundamental in goal-oriented behavior and survival. However, the mechanisms underlying the so-called body ownership are yet not fully understood. Evidence based on Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) paradigms has demonstrated that body ownership is a product of reception and integration of self and externally generated multisensory information, feedforward and feedback processing of sensorimotor signals, and prior knowledge about the body. Crucially, however, these designs commonly involve the processing of proximal modalities while the contribution of distal sensory signals to the experience of ownership remains elusive. Here we propose that, like any robust percept, body ownership depends on the integration and prediction across all sensory modalities, including distal sensory signals pertaining to the environment. To test our hypothesis, we created an embodied goal-oriented Virtual Air Hockey Task, in which participants were to hit a virtual puck into a goal. In two conditions, we manipulated the congruency of distal multisensory cues (auditory and visual) while preserving proximal and action-driven signals entirely predictable. Compared to a fully congruent condition, our results revealed a significant decrease on three dimensions of ownership evaluation when distal signals were incongruent, including the subjective report as well as physiological and kinematic responses to an unexpected threat. Together, these findings support the notion that the way we represent our body is contingent upon all the sensory stimuli, including distal and action-independent signals. The present data extend the current framework of body ownership and may also find applications in rehabilitation scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Grechuta
- Synthetic, Perceptive, Emotive and Cognitive Systems Lab (SPECS), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier De La Torre Costa
- Synthetic, Perceptive, Emotive and Cognitive Systems Lab (SPECS), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Rubio Ballester
- Synthetic, Perceptive, Emotive and Cognitive Systems Lab (SPECS), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul Verschure
- Synthetic, Perceptive, Emotive and Cognitive Systems Lab (SPECS), Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
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Woodgate S, Morgan-Jones P, Clinch S, Drew C, Playle R, Bennasar M, Hicks Y, Holt C, Bachoud-Lévi AC, Massart R, Craufurd D, Kirby N, Hamana K, Schubert R, Reilmann R, Rosser A, Busse M. Objectively characterizing Huntington's disease using a novel upper limb dexterity test. J Neurol 2021; 268:2550-2559. [PMID: 33555419 PMCID: PMC7868671 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-020-10375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Clinch Token Transfer Test (C3t) is a bi-manual coin transfer task that incorporates cognitive tasks to add complexity. This study explored the concurrent and convergent validity of the C3t as a simple, objective assessment of impairment that is reflective of disease severity in Huntington's, that is not reliant on clinical expertise for administration. METHODS One-hundred-and-five participants presenting with pre-manifest (n = 16) or manifest (TFC-Stage-1 n = 39; TFC-Stage-2 n = 43; TFC-Stage-3 n = 7) Huntington's disease completed the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale and the C3t at baseline. Of these, thirty-three were followed up after 12 months. Regression was used to estimate baseline individual and composite clinical scores (including cognitive, motor, and functional ability) using baseline C3t scores. Correlations between C3t and clinical scores were assessed using Spearman's R and visually inspected in relation to disease severity using scatterplots. Effect size over 12 months provided an indication of longitudinal behaviour of the C3t in relation to clinical measures. RESULTS Baseline C3t scores predicted baseline clinical scores to within 9-13% accuracy, being associated with individual and composite clinical scores. Changes in C3t scores over 12 months were small ([Formula: see text] ≤ 0.15) and mirrored the change in clinical scores. CONCLUSION The C3t demonstrates promise as a simple, easy to administer, objective outcome measure capable of predicting impairment that is reflective of Huntington's disease severity and offers a viable solution to support remote clinical monitoring. It may also offer utility as a screening tool for recruitment to clinical trials given preliminary indications of association with the prognostic index normed for Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Woodgate
- Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- NMRI, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa Morgan-Jones
- Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, 4th Floor, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Clinch
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Cheney Drew
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, 4th Floor, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Playle
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, 4th Floor, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Bennasar
- School of Computing and Communications, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Yulia Hicks
- Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Holt
- Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Lévi
- Assistance Publique -Hopitaux de Paris, National Centre of Reference for Huntington's Disease, Neurology Department Henri Mondor Hospital, Creteil, France
- INSERM U955 01, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, UPEC, Créteil-Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL, Paris, France
| | - Renaud Massart
- Assistance Publique -Hopitaux de Paris, National Centre of Reference for Huntington's Disease, Neurology Department Henri Mondor Hospital, Creteil, France
- INSERM U955 01, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, UPEC, Créteil-Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL, Paris, France
| | - David Craufurd
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Nigel Kirby
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, 4th Floor, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, United Kingdom
| | - Katy Hamana
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Schubert
- George-Huntington-Institute, Technology-Park, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ralf Reilmann
- George-Huntington-Institute, Technology-Park, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anne Rosser
- NMRI, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Busse
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, 4th Floor, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, United Kingdom.
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Neff MB, Macaskill AC. The effect of “should” and “would” instructions on delay discounting of rewards for self and others. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DECISION MAKING 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bdm.2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Neff
- School of Psychology Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
| | - Anne C. Macaskill
- School of Psychology Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
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10
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Nevalainen P, von Ellenrieder N, Klimeš P, Dubeau F, Frauscher B, Gotman J. Association of fast ripples on intracranial EEG and outcomes after epilepsy surgery. Neurology 2020; 95:e2235-e2245. [PMID: 32753439 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether fast ripples (FRs) are an accurate marker of the epileptogenic zone, we analyzed overnight stereo-EEG recordings from 43 patients and hypothesized that FR resection ratio, maximal FR rate, and FR distribution predict postsurgical seizure outcome. METHODS We detected FRs automatically from an overnight recording edited for artifacts and visually from a 5-minute period of slow-wave sleep. We examined primarily the accuracy of removing ≥50% of total FR events or of channels with FRs to predict postsurgical seizure outcome (Engel class I = good, classes II-IV = poor) according to the whole-night and 5-minute analysis approaches. Secondarily, we examined the association of low overall FR rates or absence or incomplete resection of 1 dominant FR area with poor outcome. RESULTS The accuracy of outcome prediction was highest (81%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 67%-92%) with the use of the FR event resection ratio and whole-night recording (vs 72%, 95% CI 56%-85%, for the visual 5-minute approach). Absence of channels with FR rates >6/min (p = 0.001) and absence or incomplete resection of 1 dominant FR area (p < 0.001) were associated with poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS FRs are accurate in predicting epilepsy surgery outcome at the individual level when overnight recordings are used. Absence of channels with high FR rates or absence of 1 dominant FR area is a poor prognostic factor that may reflect suboptimal spatial sampling of the epileptogenic zone or multifocality, rather than an inherently low sensitivity of FRs. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that FRs are accurate in predicting epilepsy surgery outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Päivi Nevalainen
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (P.N., N.v.E., P.K., F.D., B.F., J.G.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (P.N.), Children´s Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Nicolás von Ellenrieder
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (P.N., N.v.E., P.K., F.D., B.F., J.G.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (P.N.), Children´s Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Petr Klimeš
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (P.N., N.v.E., P.K., F.D., B.F., J.G.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (P.N.), Children´s Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - François Dubeau
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (P.N., N.v.E., P.K., F.D., B.F., J.G.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (P.N.), Children´s Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Birgit Frauscher
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (P.N., N.v.E., P.K., F.D., B.F., J.G.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (P.N.), Children´s Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jean Gotman
- From the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (P.N., N.v.E., P.K., F.D., B.F., J.G.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; and Department of Clinical Neurophysiology (P.N.), Children´s Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
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