1
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Arora B, Lather V, Pathalingappa MB, Walia R. Enhancement of aqueous solubility of hesperidin and naringenin utilizing hydrotropic solubilization technique: characterization and in vitro evaluation. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:1207-1218. [PMID: 38945159 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2358831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of two important flavonoids, i.e. hesperidin and naringenin, remains unutilized due to pharmacokinetics issues, especially poor aqueous solubility. Hydrotropic solid dispersions with different agents like sodium salicylate, niacinamide, benzoic acid, and urea etc. can change the solubility profile of poorly soluble drugs. The current study investigated the potential of different hydrotropic agents in improving the solubility of both natural bioactives. The hydrotropic solid dispersion in 1:3 w/w drug: sodium salicylate ratio showed maximum solubility and dissolution amongst all the tested hydrotropes. This novel and economical approach could be explored for other poorly soluble pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Arora
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Viney Lather
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | | | - Ramanpreet Walia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
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2
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Ansari S, Zia MK, Ahsan H, Hashmi MA, Khan FH. Binding characteristics and conformational changes in alpha-2-macroglobulin by the dietary flavanone naringenin: biophysical and computational approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:7485-7500. [PMID: 37498152 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2240420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the interaction of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) with naringenin using multi-spectroscopic, molecular docking, and molecular simulation approaches to identify the functional changes and structural variations in the α2M structure. Our study suggests that naringenin compromised α2M anti-proteinase activity. The results of absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence measurement showed that naringenin-α2M formed a complex with a binding constant of (kb)∼104, indicative of moderate binding. The value of ΔG° in the binding indicates the process to be spontaneous and the major force responsible to be hydrophobic interaction. The findings of FRET reveal the binding distance between naringenin and the amino acids of α2M was 2.82 nm. The secondary structural analysis of α2M with naringenin using multi-spectroscopic methods like synchronous fluorescence, red-edge excitation shift (REES), FTIR, and CD spectra further confirmed the significant conformational alterations in the protein. Molecular docking approach reveals the interactions between naringenin and α2M to be hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and pi interactions, which considerably favour and stabilise the binding. Molecular dynamics modelling simulations also supported the steady binding with the least RMSD deviations. Our study suggests that naringenin interacts with α2M to alter its confirmation and compromise its activity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Amiruddin Hashmi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Fahim H Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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3
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Le TKD, Hioki Y, Duong TH, Kita M, Chavasiri W. Globunoids A-D, undescribed bichalconoid and biflavanoids with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities from Knema globularia stems. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 221:114066. [PMID: 38494085 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
A bichalconoid, globunoid A (1) and three biflavanones, globunoids B-D (2-4), previously undescribed, were isolated from the stems of Knema globularia, along with fourteen known analogues 5-18. The chemical structures of 1-4 were elucidated by the comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR; the absolute configurations were determined based on their NOESY data, DP4+ statistical analysis, and ECD calculation. Up to now, compounds 2 and 3 represent the first 3,3″-linked biflavanone structures. Among the isolated compounds, 2, 3, and 2,3-dihydrocalodenin B (6) potently inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, with IC50 values in the range 1.1-7.5 μM. Furthermore, the most active compound 6 was found to be a non-competitive inhibitor against these two enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Kim-Dung Le
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Yusuke Hioki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Thuc-Huy Duong
- Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 280 an Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 748342, Viet Nam
| | - Masaki Kita
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Warinthorn Chavasiri
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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4
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Anoopkumar AN, Aneesh EM, Sirohi R, Tarafdar A, Kuriakose LL, Surendhar A, Madhavan A, Kumar V, Awasthi MK, Binod P, Sindhu R. Bioactives from citrus food waste: types, extraction technologies and application. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 61:444-458. [PMID: 38327864 PMCID: PMC10844169 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The Citrus fruits belong to the category where the groups of fruits are recognized to be an admirable repository of bioactive elements and phytochemical constituents, with strong biological potentials. The prominent use of Citrus fruits for nutrition as well as food processing has led to the release of a large amount of waste into the environment and surrounding, and it simultaneously burdens the nature and existence of many organisms including the human population. In order to rectify such consequences, the reuse of food waste from citrus for various advantageous effects. In this regard, the first part of the article primarily focussed on the various strategies available for the extraction of chemical elements from citrus waste and the remaining strand of the article focussed on the various bioactive compounds with special reference to their pharmacological as well as the medicinal benefits and future prospects. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- A. N. Anoopkumar
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala India
| | - Embalil Mathachan Aneesh
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases (CRET-D), Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 001 India
| | - Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243 122 India
| | - Laya Liz Kuriakose
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala 691505 India
| | - A. Surendhar
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala 691505 India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam, Kerala 690525 India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Fermentation Technology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu, UT of Jammu and Kashmir 180 001 India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712 100 Shaanxi China
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, Kerala 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002 India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala 691505 India
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5
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Pardhi E, Tomar DS, Khemchandani R, Bazaz MR, Dandekar MP, Samanthula G, Singh SB, Mehra NK. Monophasic coamorphous sulpiride: a leap in physicochemical attributes and dual inhibition of GlyT1 and P-glycoprotein, supported by experimental and computational insights. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-30. [PMID: 38299571 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2308048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Study aimed to design and development of a supramolecular formulation of sulpiride (SUL) to enhance its solubility, dissolution and permeability by targeting a novel GlyT1 inhibition mechanism. SUL is commonly used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers, migraine, anti-emetic, anti-depressive and anti-dyspeptic conditions. Additionally, Naringin (NARI) was incorporated as a co-former to enhance the drug's intestinal permeability by targeting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux inhibition. NARI, a flavonoid has diverse biological activities, including anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to design and develop a supramolecular formulation of SUL with NARI to enhance its solubility, dissolution, and permeability by targeting a novel GlyT1 inhibition mechanism, extensive experimental characterization was performed using solid-state experimental techniques in conjunction with a computational approach. This approach included quantum mechanics-based molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and density functional theory (DFT) studies to investigate intermolecular interactions, phase transformation and various electronic structure-based properties. The findings of the miscibility study, radial distribution function (RDF) analysis, quantitative simulations of hydrogen/π-π bond interactions and geometry optimization aided in comprehending the coamorphization aspects of SUL-NARI Supramolecular systems. Molecular docking and MD simulation were performed for detailed binding affinity assessment and target validation. The solubility, dissolution and ex-vivo permeability studies demonstrated significant improvements with 31.88-fold, 9.13-fold and 1.83-fold increments, respectively. Furthermore, biological assessments revealed superior neuroprotective effects in the SUL-NARI coamorphous system compared to pure SUL. In conclusion, this study highlights the advantages of a drug-nutraceutical supramolecular formulation for improving the solubility and permeability of SUL, targeting novel schizophrenia treatment approaches through combined computational and experimental analyses.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Pardhi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Devendra Singh Tomar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rahul Khemchandani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohd Rabi Bazaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Gananadhamu Samanthula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
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6
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Classification of Pummelo (Citrus grandis) Extracts through UV-VIS-Based Chemical Fingerprint. BEVERAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages8020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cold extraction methods with ethanol applied to the flavedo of Citrus fruits have been commonly applied for the preparation of several liquors. In order to obtain the extraction optimization and then the best ratio of functional ingredients in the extract, the flavedo of Citrus grandis Osbeck (pummelo) was subjected to a maceration with absolute ethanol at room temperature as well as at 40 °C. The kinetics of the extraction methods were monitored by UV–VIS spectroscopy, and a chemical fingerprint characteristic of each extract was determined by statistical multivariate analysis of the UV–VIS raw data. Additionally, the extracts were qualitatively characterized by NMR spectroscopy as well as by solid phase micro extraction followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). NMR analysis confirmed the presence of the typical flavanones of Citrus such as naringin and naringenin, while the GC/MS analysis showed that the headspace of the liquor is characterized by two main compounds represented by β-myrcene and limonene. At the end, the temperature seems to not affect the time of extraction, which is complete after 25 h; however, UV–VIS-based multivariate analysis revealed that a different overall chemical composition is obtained depending on the temperature, probably due to the extraction of minor chemicals as well as due to different levels of the same compounds in the two extracts.
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7
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Sapkota B, Devkota HP, Poudel P. Citrus maxima (Brum.) Merr. (Rutaceae): Bioactive Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:8741669. [PMID: 35677374 PMCID: PMC9170406 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8741669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Citrus maxima (Burm). Merr. (family Rutaceae), commonly known as Pomelo, is an ethnomedicinally, pharmacologically, and phytochemically valued species. Various ethnomedicinal reports have revealed the use of C. maxima for cough, fever, asthma, diarrhea, ulcer, and diabetes and as a sedative. Numerous phytochemicals have been reported from C. maxima such as polyphenols, terpenoids, sterols, carotenoids, vitamins, and amino acids. The plant possesses significant bioactivities like antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer's disease, insecticidal, anxiolytic, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, and antiobesity. Extensive research is necessary to explore the detailed mechanism of action of extracts and compounds to design effective medicines, herbal products, and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswash Sapkota
- Department of Pharmacy, Madan Bhandari Academy of Health Sciences, Hetauda 44100, Nepal
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Prakash Poudel
- Pharmacy Program, Gandaki University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
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8
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Hammadi R, Kúsz N, Dávid CZ, Mwangi PW, Berkecz R, Szemerédi N, Spengler G, Hohmann J, Vasas A. Polyoxypregnane Ester Derivatives and Lignans from Euphorbia gossypina var. coccinea Pax. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1299. [PMID: 35631724 PMCID: PMC9146146 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
From the aerial parts of Euphorbiagossypina var. coccinea Pax., eight new pregnane glycosides (euphogossypins A-H, 1-8) of the cynanforidine and deacetylmetaplexigenin aglycons, two new lignans (gossypilignans A and B, 9 and 10), and four known compounds, namely, the pregnane 12-O-benzoyldeaxcylmetaplexigenin (11), the lignan 9α-hydroxypinoresinol (12), and the flavonoids naringenin (13) and quercitrin (14) were isolated. The structure elucidation of the new compounds was carried out by a spectroscopic analysis, including HRMS, 1D (1H, 13C JMOD), and 2D NMR (HSQC, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, and NOESY) experiments. The obtained pregnane glycosides were substituted with acetyl and benzoyl ester moieties, and sugar chains containing thevetose, cymarose, digitoxose, and glucose monosaccharides. All of the compounds are described for the first time from E. gossypina var. coccinea. The isolated pregnanes and lignans were tested for their antiproliferative activity on HeLa cells using the MTT assay; the compounds exerted no significant effect against the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Hammadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.H.); (N.K.); (C.Z.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Norbert Kúsz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.H.); (N.K.); (C.Z.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Csilla Zsuzsanna Dávid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.H.); (N.K.); (C.Z.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Peter Waweru Mwangi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi 00100, Kenya;
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Nikoletta Szemerédi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.H.); (N.K.); (C.Z.D.); (J.H.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Vasas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.H.); (N.K.); (C.Z.D.); (J.H.)
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Mohanty S, Konkimalla VB, Pal A, Sharma T, Si SC. Naringin as Sustained Delivery Nanoparticles Ameliorates the Anti-inflammatory Activity in a Freund's Complete Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:28630-28641. [PMID: 34746558 PMCID: PMC8567265 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Naringin (NAR), a naturally occurring essential flavonoid, present in grapefruit and Chinese herbal medicines, creates great interest in researchers due to its diverse biological and pharmacological activities. However, further development of NAR is hindered due to its poor water solubility and dissolution rates in GIT. To address these limitations, in this study, we report polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) of NAR (NAR-PLGA-NPs) for enhancing the oral NAR efficiency, with a biodegradable polymer (PLGA) to improve its absorption and bioavailability. NAR-PLGA-NPs were fabricated by a modified solvent emulsification-evaporation technique. Physicochemical properties were evaluated by SEM, particle size distribution, entrapment efficiency, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation studies were carried out in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) for 24 h. Furthermore, in vivo anti-arthritic studies were performed on a mouse model, and the results were compared with free NAR. The modulation of inflammatory mediators was also evidently supported by docking studies. Optimized nanoformulation FN4 (NAR-PLGA-NPs) prepared with acetone-ethanol (2:1) as a solvent system in a combination of stabilizers, i.e., poloxamer-188 and sodium deoxylate (1:1), along with 2% PVA solution, was prepared. From size characterization studies, it was observed that nanoformulations possessed a low particle size (179.7 ± 2.05 nm), a low polydispersity index (0.206 ± 0.001), and a negative zeta potential (-9.18 ± 0.78 mV) with a maximum entrapment efficiency (74 ± 3.61%). The drug release followed a Korsmeyer-Peppas release kinetic model (anomalous non-Fickian diffusion), providing greater NAR release after lyophilization (82.11 ± 3.65%) drug release in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer for 24 h. Ex vivo permeation analysis through an isolated goat intestinal membrane revealed 80.02 ± 3.69% drug release in 24 h. Encapsulation of a drug into PLGA is well described by the results of FTIR, DSC, and XRD. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of optimized FN4 (NAR-PLGA-NPs) and its possible application on RA were further confirmed in a Freund's complete adjuvant-induced rat arthritic model as against free NAR at a dose of 20 mg/kg body wt. Our findings demonstrate that sustained action of NAR from optimized FN4 NPs with a rate-controlling polymeric carrier system exhibited prolonged circulation time and reduced arthritic inflammation, hence indicating the possibility as a novel strategy to secure the unpropitious biological interactions of hydrophobic NAR in a gastric environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Mohanty
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan
Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, India
| | - V. Badireenath Konkimalla
- School
of Biological Sciences, National Institute
of Science Education and Research HBNI, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
| | - Abhisek Pal
- Gitam
School of Pharmacy, Gitam Deemed to be University, Hyderabad 502329, India
| | - Tripti Sharma
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan
Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, India
| | - Sudam Chandra Si
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan
Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, India
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10
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Anmol RJ, Marium S, Hiew FT, Han WC, Kwan LK, Wong AKY, Khan F, Sarker MMR, Chan SY, Kifli N, Ming LC. Phytochemical and Therapeutic Potential of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck: A Review. J Evid Based Integr Med 2021; 26:2515690X211043741. [PMID: 34657477 PMCID: PMC8527587 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x211043741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus grandis or Citrus maxima, widely
recognized as Pomelo is widely cultivated in many countries because of their
large amounts of functional, nutraceutical and biological activities. In
traditional medicine, various parts of this plant including leaf, pulp and peel
are used for generations as they are scientifically proven to have therapeutic
potentials and safe for human use. The main objective of this study was to
review the different therapeutic applications of Citrus grandis
and the phytochemicals associated with its medicinal values. In this article
different pharmacological properties like antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiepileptic, stomach tonic, cardiac stimulant,
cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and anti-diabetic activities of
the plant are highlighted. The enrichment of the fruit with flavonoids,
polyphenols, coumarins, limonoids, acridone alkaloids, essential oils and
vitamins mainly helps in exhibiting the pharmacological activities within the
body. The vitamins enriched fruit is rich in nutritional value and also has
minerals like calcium, phosphorous, sodium and potassium, which helps in
maintaining the proper health and growth of the bones as well as the electrolyte
balance of the body. To conclude, various potential therapeutic effects of
Citrus grandis have been demonstrated in recent literature.
Further studies on various parts of fruit, including pulp, peel, leaf, seed and
it essential oil could unveil additional pharmacological activities which can be
beneficial to the mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusat Jahin Anmol
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shabnam Marium
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fei Tsong Hiew
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Chien Han
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Lee Kuan Kwan
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Alicia Khai Yeen Wong
- Alpro Academy, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Powerlife, Sri Sendayan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Farzana Khan
- Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Health Med Science Research Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Siok Yee Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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11
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Ezzat MI, Hassan M, Abdelhalim MA, El-Desoky AM, Mohamed SO, Ezzat SM. Immunomodulatory effect of Noni fruit and its isolates: insights into cell-mediated immune response and inhibition of LPS-induced THP-1 macrophage inflammation. Food Funct 2021; 12:3170-3179. [PMID: 33734250 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03402a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia L. is a plant of the family Rubiaceae and is known as Indian mulberry or Noni in India. It is a perennial herb native to Southeast Asia and has been used over the years as a food supplement and medicinal plant. Noni fruits are reported to possess anticancer, fungicidal, antiviral and antiarthritic effects. The objective of our study is the screening of the immunomodulatory activity of the total extract, fractions, and isolated compounds of Noni fruits to identify their bioactive compounds. To achieve our goal, an ethanol extract (EE) was prepared from Noni fruits. Fractionation and purification of the EE were accomplished. The cell-mediated immune (CMI) response in prednisolone-induced immunosuppression rats was evaluated. The toxicity of the EE, fractions and isolated compounds on the differentiated THP-1 macrophage was assessed using the MTT viability assay. Moreover, the inflammation-related immune responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced THP-1 macrophage activation were evaluated. Fractionation of the EE gave three fractions, dichloromethane (DCMF), water (WF) and methanol (MF). Purification of DCMF yielded stigmast-7-ene-3-ol (M1), 28-hydroxy-3β-acetoxy-9-dehydrogramisterol (M2), 3β-acetoxy-taraxast-20(30)-ene-21-ol (M3), 22-dehydroclerosterol (M4) and 22-dehydroclerosterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (M5), while purification of MF yielded quercetin (M6), hesperidin (M7), naringin (M9) and gallic acid (M8). The results revealed that DCMF elicited an increase in paw edema to the extent of 35.8%. All the tested samples had no cytotoxic effect on THP-1 macrophages. Co-treatment of the LPS-induced macrophages with DCMF, M2, M3, and M6 decreased the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6/IL-10. The expression of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB decreased to 0.14 ± 0.02, 0.15 ± 0.02, and 0.17 ± 0.03, respectively, after co-treatment with LPS and DCMF. M2 attenuated the expression of iNOS and NF-κB to 0.18 ± 0.03 and 0.17 ± 0.03, respectively. Additionally, M3 attenuated the expression of iNOS to 0.18 ± 0.03, and after co-treatment with M6 and LPS, the expression of COX-2 and NF-κB was down-regulated to 0.2 ± 0.03. Our study proves the immunomodulatory effect of Noni fruits and specifies for the first time the compounds responsible for their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa I Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
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12
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Basta AH, Lotfy VF, Ghaly NS, Nabil M, Mohamed KM. Bioactivity evaluation of amino acid-conjugates with protein versus cellulose based conjugates and extracted flavonoids. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Characterization of the Aromatic and Phenolic Profile of Five Different Wood Chips Used for Ageing Spirits and Wines. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111613. [PMID: 33172052 PMCID: PMC7694665 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wooden barrels and wood chips are usually used in the ageing of spirits and wines to improve their sensorial profile. Oak wood is the most popular material used in cooperage, but there are other interesting woods, such as cherry or chestnut, that could be considered for this purpose. In this study, a novel method for the determination of the aromatic profile of wood powder by Direct Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (DTD-GC-MS) was optimized by experimental design. The volatile composition of five different types of wood chips was determined by direct analysis of wood powder by DTD-GC-MS method developed. Thirty-one compounds from wood were identified through this analysis, allowing the differentiation between woods. The aromatic and phenolic compound profile of the 50% hydroalcoholic extract of each type of wood studied was analyzed by Stir-bar Sorptive Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SBSE-GC-MS) and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) to determine which wood compounds are transferred to spirits and wine after ageing. Different phenolic profiles were found by UHPLC in each wood extract, allowing their differentiation. However, results obtained by SBSE-GC-MS did not allow distinguishing between wood extracts. The analysis of wood in solid state, without any type of previous treatment except grinding, by DTD-GC-MS does not imply any loss of information of the aromatic compounds present in wood as other techniques. This is a potential method to identify aromas in wood that, in addition, allows different types of wood to be differentiated.
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14
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Mohanty S, Sahoo AK, Konkimalla VB, Pal A, Si SC. Naringin in Combination with Isothiocyanates as Liposomal Formulations Potentiates the Anti-inflammatory Activity in Different Acute and Chronic Animal Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:28319-28332. [PMID: 33163815 PMCID: PMC7643286 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Combination of drugs is extensively used to treat chronic inflammatory disease. Naringin (NAR), sulforaphane (SFN), and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) are nutraceuticals with promising anti-inflammatory properties. However, their clinical effectiveness gets hindered because of low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability. In the current study, two combinations of liposome (NAR + SFN and NAR + PEITC) were prepared and studied thoroughly in different in vivo models of acute and chronic models of inflammation. The encapsulation efficiency of NAR, SFN, and PEITC in the combination liposomal formulations (CLFs) prepared with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/cholesterol/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine -020CN (15:4:1 M ratio) was determined to be 79.8 ± 4.2, 46.5 ± 3.6, and 78.5 ± 3.2%, respectively. The CLFs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The physicochemical results showed that the preparations were monodisperse (PDI 0.062-0.248) in water with an average size from 140.5 to 165.6 nm and a zeta potential of -47.3 to -53.3 mV. Dissolution studies in vitro showed a slower release of PEITC (>90%, 6 h) in comparison to that of SFN (3 h). Here, we are the first to report the antiarthritic activity of CLF of NAR + SFN and NAR + PEITC in the Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritic model. At an intraperitoneal dose (375 + 375 μg/mL) for 3 weeks, the NAR + PEITC liposome significantly improves both % paw edema and arthritic score compared to their free drug combinations in FCA rats. Most importantly, hematological and biochemical results showed improved anemic conditions with significant changes in the SGOT, SGPT, and ALP levels. The ELISA results showed similar trends of increased cytokine (IL-10) and decreased inflammation markers (TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ). Histological evaluations showing reduction in cell infiltration, pannus formation, and bone and cartilage destruction further confirm and validate the antiarthritic activity of the CLF. This comprehensive study reveals the effectiveness of combination liposomes of poorly soluble anti-inflammatory molecules (NAR, SFN, PEITC) in the treatment of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Mohanty
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to
Be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Sahoo
- School
of Biological Sciences, National Institute
of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni, Odisha 752050, India
| | - V. Badireenath Konkimalla
- School
of Biological Sciences, National Institute
of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Abhisek Pal
- Gitam School of Pharmacy, Gitam Deemed to Be University, Hyderabad 502329, India
| | - Sudam Chandra Si
- School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to
Be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, India
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15
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El Naggar EE, Mohamed EA, Borg TM, El-Sheakh AR, Hamed MF. Colon Targeting of Naringin for Enhanced Cytoprotection Against Indomethacin-Induced Colitis in Rabbits. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:677-696. [PMID: 32109993 PMCID: PMC7038417 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s218357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Naringin is a promising anti-inflammatory drug against various disorders including ulcerative colitis. However, its oral bioavailability is low (8%) possibly due to cleavage at the upper gut. Consequently, colon targeting would be necessary for drug protection at the upper gut, enhanced oral bioavailability and potentiated cytoprotection against colitis. Methodology This study involved the formulation of compression-coated tablets of naringin employing mixtures of pH-sensitive Eudragit L100-55 (EUD-L100-55) and different time-dependent polymers including ethyl cellulose (EC), sodium alginate (ALG) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC). Drug-polymer interaction during release was assessed using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Tablets were evaluated in vitro. Surface morphology of the optimized tablets either before or after exposure to the different release media was examined employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cytoprotection potential of the optimized tablets against indomethacin-induced colitis in rabbits was screened and compared to core tablets through a histopathological examination of colon, measurement of serum perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) and immunohistochemical localization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Results FT-IR and DSC results may indicate drug-polymers interaction during release. Release retardation could be related to polymer swelling that was in the order of SCMC > ALG > EC. SEM examination indicated more porous coats at the buffers relative to the acidic medium. Colon targeting was expected in case of coats of 5% ALG, 5% SCMC and 10% EC (w/w) in combination with EUD-L100-55; thus, they were selected for in vivo evaluation. Effective cytoprotection of selected tablets against indomethacin-induced colitis was indicated by a significant (P<0.05) reduction in mucosal damage, serum levels of pANCA and TNF-α expression compared to untreated colitis and core-pretreated groups. Compared to EC, higher cytoprotection potential of ALG- and SCMC-based tablets was reflected by lower concentration (5% w/w) to provide cytoprotection against indomethacin-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ebrahim El Naggar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Eygpt
| | - Elham Abdelmonem Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Thanaa Mohamed Borg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ramadan El-Sheakh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Fawzy Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt
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Mahato N, Sinha M, Sharma K, Koteswararao R, Cho MH. Modern Extraction and Purification Techniques for Obtaining High Purity Food-Grade Bioactive Compounds and Value-Added Co-Products from Citrus Wastes. Foods 2019; 8:E523. [PMID: 31652773 PMCID: PMC6915388 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus contains a range of highly beneficial bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins that show antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and help in building the body's immune system. On consumption or processing, approximately 50% of the fruit remains as inedible waste, which includes peels, seeds, pulp, and segment residues. This waste still consists of substantial quantities of bioactive compounds that cause environmental pollution and are harmful to the ecosystem because of their high biological oxygen demand. In recent years, citrus cultivation and the production of processed foods have become a major agricultural industry. In addition to being a substantial source of economy, it is an ideal and sustainable and renewable resource for obtaining bioactive compounds and co-products for food and pharmaceutical industries. In the present article, the various methods of extraction, conventional and modern, as well as separation and isolation of individual bioactive compounds from the extraction mixture and their determination have been reviewed. This article presents both aspects of extraction methods, i.e., on a small laboratory scale and on an industrial mass scale. These methods and techniques have been extensively and critically reviewed with anticipated future perspectives towards the maximum utilization of the citrus waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Mahato
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
| | - Mukty Sinha
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Palej, Gandhinagar 382 355, India.
| | - Kavita Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA.
| | - Rakoti Koteswararao
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Palej, Gandhinagar 382 355, India.
| | - Moo Hwan Cho
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
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17
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Silva M, García JC, Ottens M. Polyphenol Liquid-Liquid Extraction Process Development Using NRTL-SAC. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018; 57:9210-9221. [PMID: 30270975 PMCID: PMC6156102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Liquid–liquid
extraction (LLE) can be an effective strategy
for the purification of polyphenols from a fermentation broth. However,
solvents need to be chosen to ensure high extraction capacity and
selectivity. For that purpose, a systematic study is here presented,
where the partition of different polyphenols—naringin, naringenin, p-coumaric acid, and trans-resveratrol—was
measured in different solvents and solvent mixtures and described
using the semipredictive NRTL-SAC model. The minimum average absolute
deviation obtained, based on predicted activity coefficients, was
of 40%. With the exception of naringin, the NRTL-SAC molecular descriptors
were estimated using solubility data already available in the literature.
The obtained results made it possible to propose suitable LLE-based
downstream process schemes for two possible purification scenarios:
the recovery of trans-resveratrol and the purification
of both naringenin and trans-resveratrol, two similar
hydrophobic polyphenols, both from a fermentation broth containing
hydrophilic impurities (e.g., sugars, proteins).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Silva
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Joan Cortada García
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Ottens
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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