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Riato L, Hill RA, Herlihy AT, Peck DV, Kaufmann PR, Stoddard JL, Paulsen SG. Genus-level, trait-based multimetric diatom indices for assessing the ecological condition of rivers and streams across the conterminous United States. ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS 2022; 141:1-13. [PMID: 36003067 PMCID: PMC9393879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Taxonomic inconsistency in species-level identifications has constrained use of diatoms as biological indicators in aquatic assessments. We addressed this problem by developing diatom multimetric indices (MMIs) of ecological condition using genus-level taxonomy and trait-based autecological information. The MMIs were designed to assess river and stream chemical, physical and biological condition across the conterminous United States. Trait-based approaches have the advantage of using both species-level and genus-level data, which require less effort and expense to acquire than traditional species-based approaches and eliminate the persistent taxonomic biases introduced over vast geographic extents. For large-extent assessment programs that require multiple taxonomic laboratories to process samples, such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA's) National Rivers and Streams Assessment (NRSA), the trait approach can eliminate discrepancies in species-level identification or nomenclature that hinder diatom data interpretation. We developed trait-based MMIs using NRSA data for each of the three large ecoregions across the U.S. - the East, Plains, and West. All three MMIs performed well in discriminating least-disturbed from most-disturbed sites. The MMI for the East had the greatest discrimination ability, followed by MMIs for the Plains and West, respectively. The performance of the MMIs was comparable to that observed in existing NRSA fish and macroinvertebrate MMIs. Our research shows that trait-based diatom indices constructed on genus-level taxonomy can be effective for large-scale assessments, and may also allow programs such as NRSA to assess trends in freshwater condition retrospectively, by revisiting older diatom datasets. Moreover, our genus-based approach facilitates including of diatoms into other assessment programs that have limited monitoring resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Riato
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Post-Doctoral Fellow c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35 St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Ryan A. Hill
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35 St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Alan T. Herlihy
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - David V. Peck
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35 St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Philip R. Kaufmann
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35 St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - John L. Stoddard
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35 St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
| | - Steven G. Paulsen
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, 200 SW 35 St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA
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Ma X, Johnson KB, Gu B, Zhang H, Li G, Huang X, Xia X. The in-situ release of algal bloom populations and the role of prokaryotic communities in their establishment and growth. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118565. [PMID: 35597219 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) may quickly travel and inoculate new water bodies via currents and runoff in estuaries. The role of in-situ prokaryotic communities in the re-establishment and growth of inoculated algal blooms remains unknown. A novel on-board incubation experiment was employed to simulate the sudden surge of algal blooms to new estuarine waters and reveal possible outcomes. A dinoflagellate (Amphidinium carterae) and a diatom species (Thalassiosira weissflogii) which had bloomed in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) area were cultured to bloom densities and reintroduced back into PRE natural seawaters. The diatom showed better adaptation ability to the new environment and increased significantly after the incubation. Simultaneously, particle-attached (PA) prokaryotic community structure was strongly influenced by adding of the diatom, with some opportunistic prokaryotes significantly enhanced in the diatom treatment. Whereas the dinoflagellate population did not increase following incubation, and their PA prokaryotic community showed no significant differences relative to the control. Metagenomic analyzes revealed that labile carbohydrates and organic nitrogen produced by the diatom contributed to the surge of certain PA prokaryotes. Genomic properties of a bacteria strain, which is affiliated with genus GMD16E07 (Planctomycetaceae) and comprised up to 50% of PA prokaryotes in the diatom treatment, was described here for the first time. Notably, the association of Planctomycetaceae and T. weissflogii likely represents symbiotic mutualism, with the diatom providing organic matter for Planctomycetaceae and the bacteria supplying vitamins and detoxifying nitriles and hydrogen peroxides in exchange. Therefore, the close association between Planctomycetaceae and T. weissflogii promoted the growth of both populations, and eventually facilitated the diatom bloom establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Kevin B Johnson
- Department of Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Bowei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China.
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Schulte NO, Carlisle DM, Spaulding SA. Natural and anthropogenic influences on benthic cyanobacteria in streams of the northeastern United States. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154241. [PMID: 35245560 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Benthic cyanobacteria are widespread in streams and rivers and have the potential to release toxins. In large numbers, these microorganisms and their toxins present a risk to human health. Cyanobacterial abundance in stream biofilms is typically related to single or a limited set of environmental factors, mainly light availability, water temperature, and nutrient concentrations. However, these factors may act synergistically with watershed characteristics and other stressors, such as anthropogenic pollutants, to affect cyanobacteria. We investigated the influence of multiple regional and local variables on the abundance of benthic cyanobacterial genera in streams using all subsets generalized additive modeling. We examined watershed factors (topography, geology, and climate) alongside in-stream factors (geomorphology, hydrology, pH, specific conductance, nutrients, organic contaminants, and dissolved metals) from 76 sites along an urban gradient in the northeast United States. Each genus responded to a distinct combination of environmental variables, demonstrating strong intergeneric variation in environmental selection of realized niches. Four of the 7 potentially toxigenic genera that we modeled were positively influenced by water temperature or nutrients. Nonetheless, watershed characteristics, streamflow, and/or other water quality pollutants were equally or more influential for the potentially toxigenic genera. Additionally, the relationships between cyanobacterial abundance and environmental factors varied in shape and direction across many genera. In particular, with increasing concentrations of herbicides, polychlorinated biphenyls, or metals, the abundance of roughly half of the affected genera decreased, while the others increased. These results likely demonstrate novel toxic effects of the pollutants on cyanobacterial genera in the environment, while indicating that unmeasured biotic interactions may lead to positive responses for other genera. Our results emphasize the need to consider variables beyond those that are most frequently measured or implicated (e.g., water temperature and nutrients) to more fully understand the environmental conditions that influence the distributions and abundance of potentially harmful cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas O Schulte
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.
| | - Daren M Carlisle
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA.
| | - Sarah A Spaulding
- U.S. Geological Survey, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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Regression Tree Analysis for Stream Biological Indicators Considering Spatial Autocorrelation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105150. [PMID: 34067950 PMCID: PMC8152292 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple studies have been conducted to identify the complex and diverse relationships between stream ecosystems and land cover. However, these studies did not consider spatial dependency inherent from the systemic structure of streams. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the relationship between green/urban areas and topographical variables with biological indicators using regression tree analysis, which considered spatial autocorrelation at two different scales. The results of the principal components analysis suggested that the topographical variables exhibited the highest weights among all components, including biological indicators. Moran′s I values verified spatial autocorrelation of biological indicators; additionally, trophic diatom index, benthic macroinvertebrate index, and fish assessment index values were greater than 0.7. The results of spatial autocorrelation analysis suggested that a significant spatial dependency existed between environmental and biological indicators. Regression tree analysis was conducted for each indicator to compensate for the occurrence of autocorrelation; subsequently, the slope in riparian areas was the first criterion of differentiation for biological condition datasets in all regression trees. These findings suggest that considering spatial autocorrelation for statistical analyses of stream ecosystems, riparian proximity, and topographical characteristics for land use planning around the streams is essential to maintain the healthy biological conditions of streams.
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Salinas-Camarillo VH, Carmona-Jiménez J, Lobo EA. Development of the Diatom Ecological Quality Index (DEQI) for peri-urban mountain streams in the Basin of Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:14555-14575. [PMID: 33211290 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the Basin of Mexico, one of the most important economic regions in the country with over 22 million inhabitants, peri-urban streams have been transformed into sewers, drains, and pipes to avoid flooding or unsanitary conditions; the change affects not only the ecosystem's goods and services but also the aquatic communities that support the natural ecological processes. We aimed to develop a diatom-based diagnosis of the ecological quality of these aquatic ecosystems through the study of epilithic diatom response to regional environmental gradients. Samples of epilithic diatoms and water were collected in 45 sites representing 12 perennial streams, and multivariate analyses were performed on environmental and biological data. The ecological quality gradient to which diatoms responded was related to oxygen saturation, soluble reactive phosphorous, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and hydromorphological quality. Three species groups were recognized according to their ecological preferences along CCA1 axis, indicators of high and low ecological quality, and tolerant species. By assigning an indicator value to each species group, we calculated the DEQI using the formula adapted from Pantle and Buck, indicating five different ecological quality classes. This index is proposed for complementing the ecological quality evaluation as a biological metric that responds to multiple regional stressors of the structure and function of these peri-urban streams in the Basin of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Salinas-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, México
- Laboratorio de Ecosistemas de Ribera, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias (UNAM), Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Javier Carmona-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Ecosistemas de Ribera, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias (UNAM), Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Eduardo A Lobo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação (Mestrado e Doutorado) em Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade de Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
Urbanization impacts stream ecosystems globally through degraded water quality, altered hydrology, and landscape disturbances at the catchment and riparian scales, causing biodiversity losses and altered system functioning. Addressing the “urban stream syndrome” requires multiple mitigation tools, and rehabilitation of riparian vegetation may help improve stream ecological status and provide key ecosystem services. However, the extent to which forested riparian buffers can help support stream biodiversity in the face of numerous environmental contingencies remains uncertain. We assessed how a key indicator of stream ecological status, benthic diatoms, respond to riparian habitat conditions using 10 urban site pairs (each comprising of one unbuffered and one buffered reach), and additional urban downstream and forest reference upstream sites in the Oslo Fjord basin. Diatom communities were structured by multiple drivers including spatial location, land use, water quality, and instream habitat. Among these, riparian habitat condition independently explained 16% of variation in community composition among site pairs. Changes in community structure and indicator taxa, along with a reduction in pollution-tolerant diatoms, suggested tangible benefits of forested riparian buffers for stream biodiversity in urban environments. Managing urban impacts requires multiple solutions, with forested riparian zones providing a potential tool to help improve biodiversity and ecosystem services.
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Lee SS, Bishop IW, Spaulding SA, Mitchell RM, Yuan LL. Taxonomic harmonization may reveal a stronger association between diatom assemblages and total phosphorus in large datasets. ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS 2019; 102:166-174. [PMID: 32802000 PMCID: PMC7425634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Diatom data have been collected in large-scale biological assessments in the United States, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Rivers and Streams Assessment (NRSA). However, the effectiveness of diatoms as indicators may suffer if inconsistent taxon identifications across different analysts obscure the relationships between assemblage composition and environmental variables. To reduce these inconsistencies, we harmonized the 2008-2009 NRSA data from nine analysts by updating names to current synonyms and by statistically identifying taxa with high analyst signal (taxa with more variation in relative abundance explained by the analyst factor, relative to environmental variables). We then screened a subset of samples with QA/QC data and combined taxa with mismatching identifications by the primary and secondary analysts. When these combined "slash groups" did not reduce analyst signal, we elevated taxa to the genus level or omitted taxa in difficult species complexes. We examined the variation explained by analyst in the original and revised datasets. Further, we examined how revising the datasets to reduce analyst signal can reduce inconsistency, thereby uncovering the variation in assemblage composition explained by total phosphorus (TP), an environmental variable of high priority for water managers. To produce a revised dataset with the greatest taxonomic consistency, we ultimately made 124 slash groups, omitted 7 taxa in the small naviculoid (e.g., Sellaphora atomoides) species complex, and elevated Nitzschia, Diploneis, and Tryblionella taxa to the genus level. Relative to the original dataset, the revised dataset had more overlap among samples grouped by analyst in ordination space, less variation explained by the analyst factor, and more than double the variation in assemblage composition explained by TP. Elevating all taxa to the genus level did not eliminate analyst signal completely, and analyst remained the most important predictor for the genera Sellaphora, Mayamaea, and Psammodictyon, indicating that these taxa present the greatest obstacle to consistent identification in this dataset. Although our process did not completely remove analyst signal, this work provides a method to minimize analyst signal and improve detection of diatom association with TP in large datasets involving multiple analysts. Examination of variation in assemblage data explained by analyst and taxonomic harmonization may be necessary steps for improving data quality and the utility of diatoms as indicators of environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia S. Lee
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Mail Code 8623-P, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA
| | - Ian W. Bishop
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Sarah A. Spaulding
- U.S. Geological Survey, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Richard M. Mitchell
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA
| | - Lester L. Yuan
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA
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Lomnicky GA, Herlihy AT, Kaufmann PR. Quantifying the extent of human disturbance activities and anthropogenic stressors in wetlands across the conterminous United States: results from the National Wetland Condition Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:324. [PMID: 31222443 PMCID: PMC6586716 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In 2011, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency conducted the National Wetland Condition Assessment (NWCA) as part of the National Aquatic Resource Survey (NARS) program to determine the condition of wetlands across the 48 contiguous states of the United States (US). Sites were selected using a generalized random tessellated stratified (GRTS) probability design. We quantified the types, extent, and magnitude of human activities as indicators of potential stress on a sample of 1138 wetland sites representing a target population of 251,546 km2 of wetlands in the US. We used field observations of the presence and proximity of more than 50 pre-determined types of human activity to define two types of indices that quantify human influences on wetlands. We grouped these observations into five types of human activity (classes) and summed them within and across these classes to define five metrics and an overall Human Disturbance Activity Index (HDAI). We calculated six Anthropogenic Stress Indices (ASIs) by summing human disturbance activity observations within stressor categories according to their expected effect on each of six aspects of wetland condition. Based on repeat-visit data, the precision of these metrics and indices was sufficient for regional and national assessments. Among the six categories of stress assessed nationally, the percentage of wetland area having ASI levels indicating high stress levels ranged from 10% due to filling/erosional activities to 27% due to vegetation removal activities. The proportion of wetland area with no signs of human disturbance activity (HDAI = 0) within a 140-m diameter area varied widely among the different wetland ecoregions/types we assessed. No visible human disturbance activity was evident in 70% of estuarine wetlands, but among non-estuarine wetlands, only 8% of the wetland area in the West, 15% of the Interior Plains, 22% of the Coastal Plains, and 36% of the Eastern Mountains and Upper Midwest lacked visible evidence of disturbance. The woody wetlands of the West were the most highly stressed reporting group, with more than 75% of their wetland area subject to high levels of ditching, hardening, and vegetation removal. The NWCA offers a unique opportunity to quantify the type, intensity, and extent of human activities in and around wetlands and to assess their likely stress on wetland ecological functions, physical integrity, and overall condition at regional and continental scales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan T. Herlihy
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - Philip R. Kaufmann
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory- Western Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA
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Evaluation of Watershed Scale Aquatic Ecosystem Health by SWAT Modeling and Random Forest Technique. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11123397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the aquatic ecosystem health (AEH) with five grades (A; very good to E; very poor) of FAI (Fish Assessment Index), TDI (Trophic Diatom Index), and BMI (Benthic Macroinvertebrate Index) using the results of SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) stream water temperature (WT) and quality (T-N, T-P, NH4, NO3, and PO4). By applying Random Forest, one of the machine learning algorithms for classification analysis, each AEH index was trained and graded from the SWAT results. For Han river watershed (34,418 km2) in South Korea, the 8 years (2008~2015) observed AEH data of Spring and Fall periods at 86 locations from NAEMP (National Aquatic Ecological Monitoring Program) were used. The AEH was separately trained for Spring (FAIs, TDIs, and BMIs) and Fall (FAIa, TDIa, and BMIa), and the AEH results of Random Forest with SWAT (WT, T-N, T-P, NH4, NO3, and PO4) as input variables showed the accuracy of 0.42, 0.48, 0.62, 0.45, 0.4, and 0.58, respectively. The reason for low accuracy was from the weak strength of the individual trees and high correlation between the trees composing the Random Forest due to the data imbalance. The AEH distribution results showed that the number of Grade A of total FAI, TDI, and BMI were 84, 0, and 158 respectively and they were mostly located at the upstream watersheds. The number of Grade E of total FAI, TDI, and BMI were 4, 50, and 13 and they were shown at downstream watersheds.
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Lozano S, Vasquez C, Rivera Rondón CA, Zapata A, ORTIZ MORENO MARTHALUCIA. Efecto de la vegetación riparia sobre el fitoperifiton de humedales en la Orinoquía colombiana. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v24n1.69086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
La vegetación riparia es primordial para el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas acuáticos al aportar materia orgánica. Dado que el perifiton juega un rol indispensable en la dinámica de estos ecosistemas y existen pocos trabajos sobre su ecología en el Neotrópico, se planteó la pregunta: ¿Cómo afecta el tipo de cobertura vegetal de la zona riparia, la estructura del fitoperifiton de humedales de la Orinoquía? En noviembre de 2016 se estudiaron 15 humedales con cobertura boscosa y 15 humedales con vegetación herbácea en su zona riparia. Los humedales están ubicados en la zona periurbana de Villavicencio, Meta (Colombia). Se comparó la diversidad algal entre coberturas riparias y se realizaron análisis de Redundancia para determinar que variables ambientales explicaban la composición del fitoperifiton. Se encontraron 467 morfotipos de algas, el 36,2 % perteneció a la clase Zygnematophyceae, 35,3 % a Bacillariophyceae y 16 % a Chlorophyceae. En cuanto a las diatomeas, se encontraron 165 morfoespecies distribuidas en 30 géneros. Eunotia y Pinnularia fueron los más representativos. Los análisis multivariados indicaron que la composición de diatomeas se relacionó con la cobertura vegetal litoral y el carbono orgánico total. El resto del fitoperifiton fue explicado por la temperatura y la conductividad. Modelos de regresión lineal mostraron que la diversidad de diatomeas fue explicada por el número de sustratos, la temporalidad y la cobertura vegetal riparia. Los resultados permiten concluir que en humedales antropizados de la Orinoquía colombiana, el tipo de cobertura vegetal riparia afecta la composición y diversidad de las diatomeas.
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Riato L, Leira M, Della Bella V, Oberholster PJ. Development of a diatom-based multimetric index for acid mine drainage impacted depressional wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:214-222. [PMID: 28850840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) from coal mining in the Mpumalanga Highveld region of South Africa has caused severe chemical and biological degradation of aquatic habitats, specifically depressional wetlands, as mines use these wetlands for storage of AMD. Diatom-based multimetric indices (MMIs) to assess wetland condition have mostly been developed to assess agricultural and urban land use impacts. No diatom MMI of wetland condition has been developed to assess AMD impacts related to mining activities. Previous approaches to diatom-based MMI development in wetlands have not accounted for natural variability. Natural variability among depressional wetlands may influence the accuracy of MMIs. Epiphytic diatom MMIs sensitive to AMD were developed for a range of depressional wetland types to account for natural variation in biological metrics. For this, we classified wetland types based on diatom typologies. A range of 4-15 final metrics were selected from a pool of ~140 candidate metrics to develop the MMIs based on their: (1) broad range, (2) high separation power and (3) low correlation among metrics. Final metrics were selected from three categories: similarity to reference sites, functional groups, and taxonomic composition, which represent different aspects of diatom assemblage structure and function. MMI performances were evaluated according to their precision in distinguishing reference sites, responsiveness to discriminate reference and disturbed sites, sensitivity to human disturbances and relevancy to AMD-related stressors. Each MMI showed excellent discriminatory power, whether or not it accounted for natural variation. However, accounting for variation by grouping sites based on diatom typologies improved overall performance of MMIs. Our study highlights the usefulness of diatom-based metrics and provides a model for the biological assessment of depressional wetland condition in South Africa and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Riato
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
| | - Manel Leira
- Laboratório associado IDL, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal; Department of Botany, Biology Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela, 15076, Spain
| | - Valentina Della Bella
- Environmental Protection Agency of Umbria Region, ARPA UMBRIA, Via C. A. Dalla Chiesa 32, Terni, 05100, Italy
| | - Paul J Oberholster
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa; CSIR Natural Resources and the Environment, P.O. Box 320, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
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Pennesi C, Danovaro R. Assessing marine environmental status through microphytobenthos assemblages colonizing the Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) and their potential in coastal marine restoration. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 125:56-65. [PMID: 28784269 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microphytobenthos is potentially highly sensitive to environmental alterations, but has been rarely utilized in monitoring studies. Here we investigated the use of microphytobenthos colonizing Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) to assess the marine environmental quality. We analysed microphytobenthic assemblages in terms of abundance, biomass and species composition on ARMS deployed in northern Adriatic Sea along a gradient of increasing impacts. We show that microphytobenthic variables changed significantly across sites, with lowest abundance and biodiversity in the highly impacted site. Moreover, the specific analysis of Diatoms revealed that genera like Entomoneis and Cylindrotheca could be used as indicators of nutrient enriched and stressed conditions. We provide evidence that the analysis of microphytobenthos colonizing artificial substrates could be used as a tool for detecting altered environmental characteristics. We also show that the ARMS, recreating hot spots of microphytobenthic biodiversity, and protect them from grazing, could be potentially utilized to restore degraded hard substrates. Our result indicates that microphytobenthos can be easily incorporated in future monitoring and restoration programmes to assess and improve marine environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pennesi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
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Poulíčková A, Letáková M, Hašler P, Cox E, Duchoslav M. Species complexes within epiphytic diatoms and their relevance for the bioindication of trophic status. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:820-833. [PMID: 28499230 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The popularity of aquatic bioassessments has increased in Europe and worldwide, with a considerable number of methods being based on benthic diatoms. Recent evidence from molecular data and mating experiments has shown that some traditional diatom morphospecies represent species complexes, containing several to many cryptic species. This case study is based on epiphytic diatom and environmental data from shallow fishponds, investigating whether the recognition and use of fine taxonomic resolution (cryptic species) can improve assessment of community response to environmental drivers and increase sharpness of classification, compared to coarse taxonomic resolution (genus level and species level with unresolved species complexes). Secondly, trophy bioindication based on a species matrix divided into two compartments (species complexes and remaining species) was evaluated against the expectation that species complexes would be poor trophy indicators, due to their expected wide ecological amplitude. Finally, the response of species complexes and their members (cryptic species) to a trophic gradient (phosphorus) were compared. Multivariate analyses showed similar efficiency of all three taxonomic resolutions in depicting community patterns and their environmental correlates, suggesting that even genus level resolution is sufficient for routine bioassessment of shallow fishponds with a wide trophic range. However, after controlling for coarse taxonomic matrices, fine taxonomic resolution (with resolved cryptic species) still showed sufficient variance related to the environmental variable (habitat groups), and increased the sharpness of classification, number of indicator species for habitat categories, and gave better separation of habitat categories in the ordination space. Regression analysis of trophic bioindication and phosphorus concentration showed a weak relationship for species complexes but a close relationship for the remaining taxa. GLM models also showed that no species complex responded to phosphorus concentration. It follows that the studied species complexes have wide tolerances to, and no apparent optima for, phosphorus concentrations. In contrast, various responses (linear, unimodal, or no response) of cryptic species within species complexes were found to total phosphorus concentration. In some cases, fine taxonomic resolution to species level including cryptic species has the potential to improve data interpretation and extrapolation, supporting recent views of species surrogacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloisie Poulíčková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Markéta Letáková
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hašler
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eileen Cox
- The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Martin Duchoslav
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Srivastava P, Grover S, Verma J, Khan AS. Applicability and efficacy of diatom indices in water quality evaluation of the Chambal River in Central India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:25955-25976. [PMID: 28940082 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diatom indices have gained considerable popularity in estimation of the trophic state and degree of pollution in lotic ecosystems. However, their applicability and efficacy have rarely been tested in Indian streams and rivers. In the present study, benthic diatom assemblages were sampled at 27 sites along the Chambal River in Central India. PCA revealed three groups of sites, namely, heavily polluted (HVPL), moderately polluted (MDPL), and least polluted (SANT). A total of 100 diatom taxa belonging to 40 genera were identified. Brachysira vitrea (Grunow) was the most abundant species recorded from the least polluted sites with an average relative abundance of 29.52. Nitzschia amphibia (Grunow) was representative of heavily polluted sites (average relative abundance 31.71) whereas moderately polluted sites displayed a dominance of Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kϋtzing) with an average relative abundance of 26.33. CCA was used to explore the relationship between diatom assemblage composition and environmental variables. Seventeen different diatom indices were calculated using diatom assemblage data. The relationship between measured water quality variables and index scores was also investigated. Most of the diatom indices exhibited strong correlations with water quality variables including BOD, COD, conductivity, and nutrients, particularly phosphate. Best results were obtained for TDI and IPS indices which showed a high level of resolution with respect to discrimination of sites on the basis of pollution gradients. Water quality maps for the Chambal River were hence prepared in accordance with these two indices. However, satisfactory results with respect to water quality evaluation were also obtained by the application of EPI-D and IGD indices. The present study suggests that TDI and IPS are applicable for biomonitoring of rivers of Central India. Diatom indices, which are simpler to use such as IGD, may be considered, at least for a coarser evaluation of water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201303, India.
| | - Sarika Grover
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201303, India
| | - Jyoti Verma
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Ambrina Sardar Khan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201303, India
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Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil L, Cordonier A, Straub F, Iseli J, Esling P, Pawlowski J. Taxonomy-free molecular diatom index for high-throughput eDNA biomonitoring. Mol Ecol Resour 2017; 17:1231-1242. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arielle Cordonier
- Water Ecology Service; Department of Territorial Management; Canton of Geneva; avenue de Sainte-Clotilde 23, 1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - François Straub
- PhycoEco; Rue des XXII-Cantons 39, 2300 La Chaux-de-Fonds Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Iseli
- PhycoEco; Rue des XXII-Cantons 39, 2300 La Chaux-de-Fonds Switzerland
| | - Philippe Esling
- IRCAM; UMR 9912; Université Pierre et Marie Curie; place Igor Stravinsky 1, 75004 Paris France
| | - Jan Pawlowski
- Department of Genetics and Evolution; University of Geneva; boulevard d'Yvoy 4, 1205 Geneva Switzerland
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Chen X, Bu Z, Stevenson MA, Cao Y, Zeng L, Qin B. Variations in diatom communities at genus and species levels in peatlands (central China) linked to microhabitats and environmental factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 568:137-146. [PMID: 27289395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands are a specialized type of organic wetlands, fulfilling essential roles as global carbon sinks, headwaters of rivers and biodiversity hotspots. Despite their importance, peatlands are being lost at an alarming rate due to human disturbance and climatic variability. Both the scientific and regulatory communities have focused considerable attention on developing tools for assessing environmental changes in peatlands. Diatoms are widely used in biomonitoring studies of lakes, rivers and streams as they have high abundance, specific ecological preferences and can respond rapidly to environmental change. However, diatom-based assessment studies in peatlands remain limited. The aims of this study were to identify indicator species and genus for three types of habitats (hummocks, hollows and ditch edges) in peatlands (central China), to examine the effects of physiochemical factors on diatom composition at genus and species levels, and to compare the efficiency of species- and genus-level identification in environmental assessment. Our results revealed that hummocks were characterized by drought-tolerant diatoms, while hollows were dominated by species and genus preferring wet conditions. Ditch edges were characterized by diatoms with different life strategies. Depth to water table, redox potential, conductivity and calcium were significant predictors of both genus- and species-level composition. According to ordination analyses, pH was not correlated with species composition while it was a significant factor associated with genus-level composition. Genus-level composition outperformed species composition in describing the response of diatoms to environmental variables. Our results indicate that diatoms can be useful environmental indicators of peatlands, and show that genus-level taxonomic analysis can be a potential tool for assessing environmental change in peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhaojun Bu
- Institute for Peat and Mire Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | | | - Yanmin Cao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Linghan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
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17
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Keck F, Rimet F, Franc A, Bouchez A. Phylogenetic signal in diatom ecology: perspectives for aquatic ecosystems biomonitoring. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2016; 26:861-872. [PMID: 27411256 DOI: 10.1890/14-1966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms include a great diversity of taxa and are recognized as powerful bioindicators in rivers. However using diatoms for monitoring programs is costly and time consuming because most of the methodologies necessitate species-level identification. This raises the question of the optimal trade-off between taxonomic resolution and bioassessment quality. Phylogenetic tools may form the bases of new, more efficient approaches for biomonitoring if relationships between ecology and phylogeny can be demonstrated. We estimated the ecological optima of 127 diatom species for 19 environmental parameters using count data from 2119 diatom communities sampled during eight years in eastern France. Using uni- and multivariate analyses, we explored the relationships between freshwater diatom phylogeny and ecology (i.e., the phylogenetic signal). We found a significant phylogenetic signal for many of the ecological optima that were tested, but the strength of the signal varied significantly from one trait to another. Multivariate analysis also showed that the multidimensional ecological niche of diatoms can be strongly related to phylogeny. The presence of clades containing species that exhibit homogeneous ecology suggests that phylogenetic information can be useful for aquatic biomonitoring. This study highlights the presence of significant patterns of ecological optima for freshwater diatoms in relation to their phylogeny. These results suggest the presence of a signal above the species level, which is encouraging for the development of simplified methods for biomonitoring survey.
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18
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Keck F, Bouchez A, Franc A, Rimet F. Linking phylogenetic similarity and pollution sensitivity to develop ecological assessment methods: a test with river diatoms. J Appl Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François Keck
- UMR Carrtel; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA); F-74203 Thonon France
- UMR Carrtel; Université de Savoie; F-73011 Chambéry France
| | - Agnès Bouchez
- UMR Carrtel; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA); F-74203 Thonon France
- UMR Carrtel; Université de Savoie; F-73011 Chambéry France
| | - Alain Franc
- UMR BIOGECO; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA); F-33610 Cestas France
| | - Frédéric Rimet
- UMR Carrtel; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA); F-74203 Thonon France
- UMR Carrtel; Université de Savoie; F-73011 Chambéry France
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19
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Bere T. Challenges of diatom-based biological monitoring and assessment of streams in developing countries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5477-5486. [PMID: 26573306 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5790-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Stream biomonitoring tools are largely lacking for many developing countries, resulting in adoption of tools developed from other countries/regions. In many instances, however, the applicability of adopted tools to the new system has not been explicitly evaluated. The objective of this study was to test the applicability of foreign diatom-based water quality assessment indices to streams in Zimbabwe, with the view to highlight challenges being faced in diatom-based biological monitoring in this developing country. The study evaluated the relationship between measured water quality variables and diatom index scores and observed some degree of concordance between water quality variables and diatom index scores emphasising the importance of diatom indices in characterisation and monitoring of stream ecological conditions in developing countries. However, ecological requirements of some diatom species need to be clarified and incorporated in a diatom-based water quality assessment protocol unique to these regions. Resources should be channelled towards tackling challenges associated with diatom-based biological monitoring, principally taxonomic studies, training of skilled labour and acquiring and maintaining the necessary infrastructure. Meanwhile, simpler coarse taxonomy-based rapid bioassessment protocol, which is less time and resource consuming and requires less specialised manpower, can be developed for the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taurai Bere
- Department of Freshwater and Fishery Science, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Off Harare-Chirundu Rd, P.Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.
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20
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Tan X, Ma P, Bunn SE, Zhang Q. Development of a benthic diatom index of biotic integrity (BD-IBI) for ecosystem health assessment of human dominant subtropical rivers, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 151:286-294. [PMID: 25585141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As efforts intensify to address the issues of declining water quality and biodiversity losses in freshwater ecosystems, there have been great demands for effective methods of evaluating aquatic ecosystem health. In this study, benthic algae assemblages and water quality variables were analyzed to develop a benthic diatom-based index of biotic integrity (BD-IBI) for assessment of the aquatic environment in the upper Han River (China). Through the use of multivariate and multimetric approaches, four metrics - % prostrate individuals, % Amphora individuals, % polysaprob species, and diatom-based eutrophication/pollution index (EPI-D) - were identified from 98 candidate metrics to develop a BD-IBI. Application of the index revealed that water quality in 11% of the 31 sampled sites could be described as excellent condition, in 43% of the sites it could be described as good condition, in 25% as moderate condition, and in 21% as poor condition. The assessment further revealed that the main reason for degradation of the Han river ecosystem was nutrient enrichment through agricultural land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Peiming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Stuart E Bunn
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Quanfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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21
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Manoylov KM. Taxonomic identification of algae (morphological and molecular): species concepts, methodologies, and their implications for ecological bioassessment. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2014; 50:409-424. [PMID: 26988316 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Algal taxonomy is a key discipline in phycology and is critical for algal genetics, physiology, ecology, applied phycology, and particularly bioassessment. Taxonomic identification is the most common analysis and hypothesis-testing endeavor in science. Errors of identification are often related to the inherent problem of small organisms with morphologies that are difficult to distinguish without research-grade microscopes and taxonomic expertise in phycology. Proposed molecular approaches for taxonomic identification from environmental samples promise rapid, potentially inexpensive, and more thorough culture-independent identification of all algal species present in a sample of interest. Molecular identification has been used in biodiversity and conservation, but it also has great potential for applications in bioassessment. Comparisons of morphological and molecular identification of benthic algal communities are improved by the identification of more taxa; however, automated identification technology does not allow for the simultaneous analysis of thousands of samples. Currently, morphological identification is used to verify molecular taxonomic identities, but with the increased number of taxa verified in algal gene libraries, molecular identification will become a universal tool in biological studies. Thus, in this report, successful application of molecular techniques related to algal bioassessment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina M Manoylov
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, Georgia, 31061, USA
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22
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Göthe E, Angeler DG, Gottschalk S, Löfgren S, Sandin L. The influence of environmental, biotic and spatial factors on diatom metacommunity structure in Swedish headwater streams. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72237. [PMID: 23967290 PMCID: PMC3744466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stream assemblages are structured by a combination of local (environmental filtering and biotic interactions) and regional factors (e.g., dispersal related processes). The relative importance of environmental and spatial (i.e., regional) factors structuring stream assemblages has been frequently assessed in previous large-scale studies, but biotic predictors (potentially reflecting local biotic interactions) have rarely been included. Diatoms may be useful for studying the effect of trophic interactions on community structure since: (1) a majority of experimental studies shows significant grazing effects on diatom species composition, and (2) assemblages can be divided into guilds that have different susceptibility to grazing. We used a dataset from boreal headwater streams in south-central Sweden (covering a spatial extent of ∼14000 km2), which included information about diatom taxonomic composition, abundance of invertebrate grazers (biotic factor), environmental (physicochemical) and spatial factors (obtained through spatial eigenfunction analyses). We assessed the relative importance of environmental, biotic, and spatial factors structuring diatom assemblages, and performed separate analyses on different diatom guilds. Our results showed that the diatom assemblages were mainly structured by environmental factors. However, unique spatial and biological gradients, specific to different guilds and unrelated to each other, were also evident. We conclude that biological predictors, in combination with environmental and spatial variables, can reveal a more complete picture of the local vs. regional control of species assemblages in lotic environments. Biotic factors should therefore not be overlooked in applied research since they can capture additional local control and therefore increase accuracy and performance of predictive models. The inclusion of biotic predictors did, however, not significantly influence the unique fraction explained by spatial factors, which suggests low bias in previous assessments of unique regional control of stream assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Göthe
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
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23
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Wu N, Cai Q, Fohrer N. Development and evaluation of a diatom-based index of biotic integrity (D-IBI) for rivers impacted by run-of-river dams. ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS 2012; 18:108-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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24
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Leflaive J, Ten-Hage L. Impairment of benthic diatom adhesion and photosynthetic activity by 2E,4E-decadienal. Res Microbiol 2011; 162:982-9. [PMID: 21704156 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Within biofilms, microorganisms are exposed to a wide range of chemicals released by phototrophic organisms. Those chemicals are likely to influence the dynamics and functioning of biofilms. 2E,4E-decadienal (DD) is a polyunsaturated aldehyde produced by diatoms which is known to induce adverse effects in many aquatic organisms. It has been shown to inhibit the adhesion and motility of one benthic diatom. The aim of this article was to determine if the effects of DD on diatom adhesion were widespread and if it could affect biofilm formation and functioning. The adhesion of 5 of 10 benthic diatom strains was strongly inhibited at 2.5 μg ml(-1) DD. This indicates a high variability in diatom sensitivity to DD. Several experiments in microcosms showed that the presence of DD diffusing from a substrate decreased biofilm formation. This effect was dose-dependent and persisted for 72 h, though the molecule is highly volatile. Using a PHYTO-PAM fluorometer, we also showed that the effective quantum efficiency of charge separation of PSII of biofilms exposed to DD was negatively affected. This indicates a decrease in the efficiency of the photochemical processes. All these results suggest that the presence of DD-producing strains may have a significant impact on the composition and physiology of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joséphine Leflaive
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle (EcoLab), UMR 5245 CNRS/UPS/INPT, Université Paul Sabatier, bât 4R3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France.
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Li F, Cai Q, Ye L. Developing a Benthic Index of Biological Integrity and Some Relationships to Environmental Factors in the Subtropical Xiangxi River, China. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF HYDROBIOLOGY 2010; 95:171-189. [DOI: 10.1002/iroh.200911212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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26
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Heino J, Bini LM, Karjalainen SM, Mykrä H, Soininen J, Vieira LCG, Diniz-Filho JAF. Geographical patterns of micro-organismal community structure: are diatoms ubiquitously distributed across boreal streams? OIKOS 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.17778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Smucker NJ, Vis ML. Use of diatoms to assess agricultural and coal mining impacts on streams and a multiassemblage case study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1899/08-088.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J. Smucker
- Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701 USA
| | - Morgan L. Vis
- Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701 USA
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28
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Heino J. Biodiversity of Aquatic Insects: Spatial Gradients and Environmental Correlates of Assemblage-Level Measures at Large Scales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1608/frj-2.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Baker MA, de Guzman G, Ostermiller JD. Differences in nitrate uptake among benthic algal assemblages in a mountain stream. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1899/07-129.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Baker
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322 USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D. Ostermiller
- Utah Division of Water Quality, 288 North 1460 West, P.O. Box 14870, Salt Lake City, Utah 84114 USA
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30
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Zampella RA, Laidig KJ, Lowe RL. Distribution of diatoms in relation to land use and pH in blackwater coastal plain streams. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2007; 39:369-84. [PMID: 17219257 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-006-0041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We compared the composition of diatom assemblages collected from New Jersey Pinelands blackwater streams draining four different land uses, including forest land, abandoned-cranberry bogs, active-cranberry bogs, and developed and upland-agricultural land. Over a 2-year period (2002-2003), we collected 132 diatom taxa at 14 stream sites. Between-year variability in the composition of stream samples was high. Most diatom species were rarely encountered and were found in low abundance. Specific conductance and pH were higher at developed/agricultural sites compared with all other site types. Neither species richness nor genus richness was significantly different between stream types. However, clear community patterns were evident, and a significant difference in species composition existed between the developed/agricultural sites and both cranberry and forest sites. The primary community gradient, represented by the first axis of a DCA ordination, was associated with variations in pH and specific conductance. Although community patterns revealed by ordinating the data collected in 2002 differed from those obtained using the 2003 data, both ordinations contrasted the developed/agricultural sites and the other sites. Acidobiontic and acidophilous diatoms characterized the dominant species at forest, abandoned-bog, and cranberry sites, whereas indifferent species dominated the developed/agricultural samples. Although our study demonstrated a relationship between the composition of diatom assemblages and watershed conditions, several factors, including taxonomic problems, the large number of diatom species, incomplete pH classifications, and year-to-year variability may limit the utility of diatom species as indicators of watershed conditions in the New Jersey Pinelands.
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Wang YK, Stevenson RJ, Metzmeier L. Development and evaluation of a diatom-based Index of Biotic Integrity for the Interior Plateau Ecoregion, USA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1899/03-028.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lazorchak JM, Hill BH, Brown BS, McCormick FH, Engle V, Lattier DJ, Bagley MJ, Griffith MB, Maciorowski AF, Toth GP. Chapter 23 USEPA biomonitoring and bioindicator concepts needed to evaluate the biological integrity of aquatic systems. TRACE METALS AND OTHER CONTAMINANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-5215(03)80153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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