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Linhart RC, Hamilton DJ, Paquet J, Bellefontaine SC, Davis S, Doiron PB, Gratto-Trevor CL. Variation in resource use between adult and juvenile Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) and use of physiological indicators for movement decisions highlights the importance of small staging sites during southbound migration in Atlantic Canada. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1059005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) are Arctic-breeding shorebirds that use staging sites in Atlantic Canada during their annual migration to South America. The Bay of Fundy has long been recognized as a critical staging site for migrating Semipalmated Sandpipers and supports a large prey base. The diet of adult sandpipers in the Bay is flexible but the diet of juveniles, which arrive later, is not well documented. Comparatively little is known about the prey base and how it is utilized by sandpipers at sites in Atlantic Canada outside the Bay. Plasma metabolite measures can provide useful insight to assess habitat quality for sandpipers and have not yet been measured in Semipalmated Sandpipers in Atlantic Canada. To address these knowledge gaps we sampled shorebird habitat to estimate invertebrate availability in the Bay of Fundy and the Northumberland Strait. Concurrently, we collected blood samples from adult and juvenile sandpipers for analysis of plasma metabolite levels and isotopic estimates of dietary niche in both regions. We found that sites on the Northumberland Strait hosted a more diverse and variable prey base than sites within the Bay of Fundy, and that sandpipers were selective when foraging there, appearing to prefer bivalves. Juveniles may occupy a broader dietary niche than adults along the Northumberland Strait, though appear to gain weight as efficiently. Sandpipers sampled along the Northumberland Strait had higher plasma triglyceride concentrations than those within the Bay of Fundy, which may suggest differences in fattening rate or dietary fat intake. Sandpipers that had lower triglyceride concentrations on the Northumberland Strait were more likely to move into the Bay of Fundy, while sandpipers with high triglyceride values tended to remain on the Strait. These data suggest that sandpipers made movement decisions within the region depending on their physiological state. Our results suggest adult and juvenile Semipalmated Sandpipers successfully use a variety of staging habitats in Atlantic Canada. This is an encouraging finding for sandpiper conservation in the region, but also indicates that maintaining access to a broad variety of staging habitats is critical, supporting calls for stronger conservation measures throughout the region.
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Coffin S, Lee I, Gan J, Schlenk D. Simulated digestion of polystyrene foam enhances desorption of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and In vitro estrogenic activity in a size-dependent manner. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:452-462. [PMID: 30583153 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Marine polychaetes and fish are known to ingest polystyrene microparticles in the environment. Laboratory microplastic feeding experiments have demonstrated that plastic may release endocrine-disrupting compounds such as diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), which can cause adverse effects in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In order to determine the influence of size and digestive conditions on the desorption of DEHP and other plasticizers to polychaetes and fish, we exposed polystyrene particles of various sizes under invertebrate and vertebrate digestive conditions (vertebrate mimic; pepsin, pH = 2.0, 24 °C, invertebrate mimic; Na taurocholate pH = 7, 18 °C). Estrogen receptor activation and concentrations of 12 plasticizers were measured in the extracts. DEHP, bisphenol S and 4-tert-octylphenol were the only compounds detected. Simulated vertebrate gut digestion did not significantly enhance the release of chemicals nor estrogenic activity. However, a 6.3 ± 2.0-fold increase in the concentration of DEHP was observed in extracts from invertebrate gut conditions (Mean ± SD; N = 24, p < 0.0001). Additionally, estimated particle surface area was positively correlated with estrogenic activity across all treatment types (r = 0.85, p < 0.0001). Overall, these data indicate an elevated bioaccessibility of DEHP may occur in invertebrates, and size-dependent desorption of uncharacterized estrogenic compounds from plastic suggest additional complexity when considering the risks of MP to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Coffin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, USA.
| | - Ilkeun Lee
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, USA
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Abstract
Abstract
The feeding on aquatic invertebrates, intensity and efficiency of forage intake were studied at the Sivash lagoons in 1995–2002 by the example of 6 wader species (217 birds). The diet composition significantly varied from seeds of plants to different species of aquatic and soil organisms. The diet at Eastern Sivash was based on Polychaeta, at Central Sivash — on Crustacea and chironomid larvae (Insecta). Foraging intensity depended on the abundance of main prey and the size of prey items taken. We distinguished the studied wader species as “probers” and “gatherers” of forage. The highest foraging intensity among “probers” and “gatherers” were observed at the Sivash lagoons in feeding sites with a high number of chironomid larvae, and the lowest one — in feeding sites with a polychaeta worm Hediste diversicolor. The wader foraging intensity was associated with high density and availability of prey items: at Central Sivash — chironomid larvae and brine shrimps (Artemia salina), at Eastern Sivash — chironomid larvae and polychaetes. Results of the stomach analysis and obtained correlations indicate a determinative role of polychaetes, molluscs, brine shrimps and chironomids in the foraging behaviour and distribution of the studied species of waders at migratory stopovers of the Azov-Black Sea Region.
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Putra CA, Perwitasari-Farajallah D, Mulyani YA. Habitat Use of Migratory Shorebirds on the Coastline of Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjb.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Schwemmer P, Güpner F, Adler S, Klingbeil K, Garthe S. Modelling small-scale foraging habitat use in breeding Eurasian oystercatchers (Haematopus ostralegus) in relation to prey distribution and environmental predictors. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Duijns S, van Gils JA, Smart J, Piersma T. Phenotype-limited distributions: short-billed birds move away during times that prey bury deeply. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2015; 2:150073. [PMID: 26543585 PMCID: PMC4632549 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In our seasonal world, animals face a variety of environmental conditions in the course of the year. To cope with such seasonality, animals may be phenotypically flexible, but some phenotypic traits are fixed. If fixed phenotypic traits are functionally linked to resource use, then animals should redistribute in response to seasonally changing resources, leading to a 'phenotype-limited' distribution. Here, we examine this possibility for a shorebird, the bar-tailed godwit (Limosa lapponica; a long-billed and sexually dimorphic shorebird), that has to reach buried prey with a probing bill of fixed length. The main prey of female bar-tailed godwits is buried deeper in winter than in summer. Using sightings of individually marked females, we found that in winter only longer-billed individuals remained in the Dutch Wadden Sea, while the shorter-billed individuals moved away to an estuary with a more benign climate such as the Wash. Although longer-billed individuals have the widest range of options in winter and could therefore be selected for, counterselection may occur during the breeding season on the tundra, where surface-living prey may be captured more easily with shorter bills. Phenotype-limited distributions could be a widespread phenomenon and, when associated with assortative migration and mating, it may act as a precursor of phenotypic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd Duijns
- Department of Marine Ecology, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A. van Gils
- Department of Marine Ecology, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Smart
- Wash Wader Ringing Group, The Old School House, Rhoon Road, Terrington St Clement, Norfolk PE34 4H, UK
| | - Theunis Piersma
- Department of Marine Ecology, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
- Chair in Global Flyway Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, PO Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands
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Peterson CH, Bishop MJ, D'Anna LM, Johnson GA. Multi-year persistence of beach habitat degradation from nourishment using coarse shelly sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 487:481-492. [PMID: 24802271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Beach nourishment is increasingly used to protect public beach amenity and coastal property from erosion and storm damage. Where beach nourishment uses fill sediments that differ in sedimentology from native beach sands, press disturbances to sandy beach invertebrates and their ecosystem services can occur. How long impacts persist is, however, unclear because monitoring after nourishment typically only extends for several months. Here, monitoring was extended for 3-4 years following each of two spatially separated, replicate nourishment projects using unnaturally coarse sediments. Following both fill events, the contribution to beach sediments of gravel-sized particles and shell fragments was enhanced, and although diminishing through time, remained elevated as compared to control sites at the end of 3-4 years of monitoring, including in the low intertidal and swash zones, where benthic macroinvertebrates concentrate. Consequently, two infaunal invertebrates, haustoriid amphipods and Donax spp., exhibited suppressed densities over the entire post-nourishment period of 3-4 years. Emerita talpoida, by contrast, exhibited lower densities on nourished than control beaches only in the early summer of the first and second years and polychaetes exhibited little response to nourishment. The overall impact to invertebrates of nourishment was matched by multi-year reductions in abundances of their predators. Ghost crab abundances were suppressed on nourished beaches with impacts disappearing only by the fourth summer. Counts of foraging shorebirds were depressed for 4 years after the first project and 2 years after the second project. Our results challenge the view that beach nourishment is environmentally benign by demonstrating that application of unnaturally coarse and shelly sediments can serve as a press disturbance to degrade the beach habitat and its trophic services to shorebirds for 2-4 years. Recognizing that recovery following nourishment can be slow, studies that monitor impacts for only several months are inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Peterson
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, USA; Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA.
| | - Melanie J Bishop
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
| | - Linda M D'Anna
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, USA; Institute for Coastal Research, Vancouver Island University, 900 Fifth Street, Nanaimo, BC V9R 5S5, Canada.
| | - Galen A Johnson
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Morehead City, NC 28557, USA; Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission, 6730 Martin Way E., Olympia, WA 98516, USA.
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Goss-Custard JD, Burton NHK, Clark NA, Ferns PN, McGrorty S, Reading CJ, Rehfisch MM, Stillman RA, Townend I, West AD, Worrall DH. Test of a behavior-based individual-based model: response of shorebird mortality to habitat loss. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2006; 16:2215-22. [PMID: 17205899 DOI: 10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2215:toabim]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In behavior-based individual-based models (IBMs), demographic functions are emergent properties of the model and are not built into the model structure itself, as is the case with the more widely used demography-based IBMs. Our behavior-based IBM represents the physiology and behavioral decision making of individual animals and, from that, predicts how many survive the winter nonbreeding season, an important component of fitness. This paper provides the first test of such a model by predicting the change in winter mortality of a charadriid shorebird following removal of intertidal feeding habitat, the main effect of which was to increase bird density. After adjusting one calibration parameter to the level required to replicate the observed mortality rate before habitat loss, the model predicted that mortality would increase by 3.65%, which compares well with the observed increase of 3.17%. The implication that mortality was density-dependent was confirmed by predicting mortality over a range of bird densities. Further simulations showed that the density dependence was due to an increase in both interference and depletion competition as bird density increased. Other simulations suggested that an additional area of mudflat, equivalent to only 10% of the area that had been lost, would be needed by way of mitigation to return mortality to its original level. Being situated at a high shore level with the flow of water in and out impeded by inlet pipes, the mitigating mudflat would be accessible to birds when all mudflats in the estuary were covered at high tide, thus providing the birds with extra feeding time and not just a small replacement mudflat. Apart from providing the first, and confidence-raising, test of a behavior-based IBM, the results suggest (1) that the chosen calibration procedure was effective; (2) that where no new fieldwork is required, and despite being parameter rich, a behavior-based IBM can be parameterized quickly (few weeks), and thus cheaply, because so many of the parameter values can be obtained from the literature and are embedded in the model; and (3) that behavior-based IBMs can be used to explore system behavior (e.g., the role of depletion competition and interference competition in density-dependent mortality).
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Goss-Custard
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Winfrith Technology Centre, Dorchester, Dorset DT2 8ZD, United Kingdom.
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MITCHELL DARRENW, GRUBAUGH JACKW. Impacts of Shorebirds on Macroinvertebrates in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley. AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2005. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031(2005)154[0188:iosomi]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hamilton DJ, Barbeau MA, Diamond AW. Shorebirds, mud snails, and Corophium volutator in the upper Bay of Fundy, Canada: predicting bird activity on intertidal mud flats. CAN J ZOOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1139/z03-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The upper Bay of Fundy is a critical staging area for migrating semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla), which feed extensively on the amphipod Corophium volutator. Recent changes in the distributions of birds around the bay have generated interest in understanding the factors that influence shorebirds' habitat use. To examine some of these factors, we surveyed four mud flats during summer 2000. Abundance of shorebirds and density of C. volutator and mud snails (Ilyanassa obsoleta) were assessed in two focused areas and on two broad-scale transects per mud flat. Shorebird abundance varied widely across sites, and was positively correlated with C. volutator availability, though the relationship had little predictive ability. A strong negative relationship was identified between shorebirds and mud snails counted before birds arrived, especially in the focused areas. This relationship probably stems from a negative effect of mud snails on C. volutator. Snails present in July may reduce recruitment of C. volutator, and therefore reduce the prey base for shorebirds arriving later in the summer. By considering mud snail abundance, we have identified a simple and effective method of predicting shorebird habitat use several weeks before birds arrive. This will enhance our ability to study these birds in future, and will contribute to our understanding of shorebird habitat use and movements and the importance of conserving particular mud flats.
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Austin GE, Rehfisch MM. The likely impact of sea level rise on waders (Charadrii) wintering on estuaries. J Nat Conserv 2003. [DOI: 10.1078/1617-1381-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gill JA, Sutherland WJ, Norris K. Depletion models can predict shorebird distribution at different spatial scales. Proc Biol Sci 2001; 268:369-76. [PMID: 11270433 PMCID: PMC1088616 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting the impact of habitat change on populations requires an understanding of the number of animals that a given area can support. Depletion models enable predictions of the numbers of individuals an area can support from prey density and predator searching efficiency and handling time. Depletion models have been successfully employed to predict patterns of abundance over small spatial scales, but most environmental change occurs over large spatial scales. We test the ability of depletion models to predict abundance at a range of scales with black-tailed godwits, Limosa limosa islandica. From the type II functional response of godwits to their prey, we calculated the handling time and searching efficiency associated with these prey. These were incorporated in a depletion model, together with the density of available prey determined from surveys, in order to predict godwit abundance. Tests of these predictions with Wetland Bird Survey data from the British Trust for Ornithology showed significant correlations between predicted and observed densities at three scales: within mudflats, within estuaries and between estuaries. Depletion models can thus be powerful tools for predicting the population size that can be supported on sites at a range of scales. This greatly enhances our confidence in predictions of the consequences of environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Gill
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
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Hori M, Noda T. Spatio-temporal variation of avian foraging in the rocky intertidal food web. J Anim Ecol 2001. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2001.00467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Smith AC, Nol E. WINTER FORAGING BEHAVIOR AND PREY SELECTION OF THE SEMIPALMATED PLOVER IN COASTAL VENEZUELA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0467:wfbaps]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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dit Durell SE. Individual feeding specialisation in shorebirds: population consequences and conservation implications. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2000; 75:503-18. [PMID: 11117199 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2000.tb00053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Individual feeding specialisation in shorebirds is reviewed, and the possilble mechanisms involved in such specialisations. Any specialisation can he seen as an individual strategy, and the optimum strategy for any given individual will be conditional upon its specific priorities and constraints. Some specialisations are related to social status and some to individual skills. Some are also probably frequency-dependent. However, most shorebird specialisations are constrained to a large extent by individual morphology, particularly bill morphology. For example, larger birds are able to handle larger prey, and birds with longer bills are able to feed on more deeply buried prey. Sex differences in bill length are uncommon in the Charardriidae, which are surface peckers, but are common in the Scolopacidae, which feed by probing in soft substrates. Sex differences in bill morphology are frequently associated with sex differences in feeding specialisation. There is evidence that different feeding specialisations are associated with different payoffs, in which case the probability of failing to reproduce or of dying will not be distributed equally throughout the population. I consider the population consequences of such feeding specialisations, particularly the different risks and benefits associated with different habitats or diets. I also consider the way in which individuals may differ in their response to habitat loss or change. I suggest that population models designed to predict the effect of habitat loss or change on shorebirds should have the ability to investigate the differential response of certain sections of the population, particularly different ages or sexes, that specialise in different diets or feeding methods.
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Abrantes A, Pinto F, Moreira MH. Ecology of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor in the Canal de Mira (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal): Population dynamics, production and oogenic cycle. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1146-609x(99)00139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Piersma T, Hoekstra R, Dekinga A, Koolhaas A, Wolf P, Battley P, Wiersma P. Scale and intensity of intertidal habitat use by knots Calidris canutus in the Western Wadden Sea in relation to food, friends and foes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0077-7579(93)90052-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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