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Cisternas-Fuentes A, Koski MH. Drivers of strong isolation and small effective population size at a leading range edge of a widespread plant. Heredity (Edinb) 2023:10.1038/s41437-023-00610-z. [PMID: 37016137 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-023-00610-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change has influenced species distributions worldwide with upward elevational shifts observed in many systems. Leading range edge populations, like those at upper elevation limits, are crucial for climate change responses but can exhibit low genetic diversity due to founder effects, isolation, or limited outbreeding. These factors can hamper local adaptation at range limits. Using the widespread herb, Argentina anserina, we measured ecological attributes (population density on the landscape, area of population occupancy, and plant and flower density) spanning a 1000 m elevation gradient, with high elevation populations at the range limit. We measured vegetative clonal potential in the greenhouse for populations spanning the gradient. We combined these data with a ddRAD-seq dataset to test the hypotheses that high elevation populations would exhibit ecological and genomic signatures of leading range edge populations. We found that population density on the landscape declined towards the high elevation limit, as is expected towards range edges. However, plant density was elevated within edge populations. In the greenhouse, high elevation plants exhibited stronger clonal potential than low elevation plants, likely explaining increased plant density in the field. Phylogeographic analysis supported more recent colonization of high elevation populations which were also more genetically isolated, had more extreme heterozygote excess and had smaller effective population size than low. Results support that colonization of high elevations was likely accompanied by increased asexuality, contributing to a decline in effective population size. Despite high plant density in leading edge populations, their small effective size, isolation and clonality could constrain adaptive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Cisternas-Fuentes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
| | - Matthew H Koski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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Smith WB, Frye CT, Veliz E, Hiebler S, Taylor RC, Hunter KL. Genetic Variability of Maryland and West Virginia Populations of the Federally Endangered Plant Harperella nodosa(Rose) (Apiaceae). Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2015. [DOI: 10.1656/045.022.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Determinants of genetic structure in a nonequilibrium metapopulation of the plant Silene latifolia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104575. [PMID: 25198341 PMCID: PMC4157773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Population genetic differentiation will be influenced by the demographic history of populations, opportunities for migration among neighboring demes and founder effects associated with repeated extinction and recolonization. In natural populations, these factors are expected to interact with each other and their magnitudes will vary depending on the spatial distribution and age structure of local demes. Although each of these effects has been individually identified as important in structuring genetic variance, their relative magnitude is seldom estimated in nature. We conducted a population genetic analysis in a metapopulation of the angiosperm, Silene latifolia, from which we had more than 20 years of data on the spatial distribution, demographic history, and extinction and colonization of demes. We used hierarchical Bayesian methods to disentangle which features of the populations contributed to among population variation in allele frequencies, including the magnitude and direction of their effects. We show that population age, long-term size and degree of connectivity all combine to affect the distribution of genetic variance; small, recently-founded, isolated populations contributed most to increase FST in the metapopulation. However, the effects of population size and population age are best understood as being modulated through the effects of connectivity to other extant populations, i.e. FST diminishes as populations age, but at a rate that depends how isolated the population is. These spatial and temporal correlates of population structure give insight into how migration, founder effect and within-deme genetic drift have combined to enhance and restrict genetic divergence in a natural metapopulation.
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Abbate JL, Antonovics J. Elevational disease distribution in a natural plant-pathogen system: insights from changes across host populations and climate. OIKOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Abbate
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionelle et Évolutive (CEFE); UMR 5175, CNRS, 1919 route de Mende FR-34293 Montpellier France
| | - Janis Antonovics
- Dept of Biology; Univ. of Virginia; Charlottesville VA 22904 USA
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Phillips RD, Steinmeyer F, Menz MHM, Erickson TE, Dixon KW. Changes in the composition and behaviour of a pollinator guild with plant population size and the consequences for plant fecundity. Funct Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D. Phillips
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; The Botanic Garden and Parks Authority; Fraser Ave West Perth Western Australia 6005 Australia
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Genetics; Research School of Biology; The Australian National University; 116 Daley Rd Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Felix Steinmeyer
- Faculty of Biology and Preclinical Medicine; Institute of Botany; University of Regensburg; Regensburg D-93040 Germany
| | - Myles H. M. Menz
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; The Botanic Garden and Parks Authority; Fraser Ave West Perth Western Australia 6005 Australia
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Todd E. Erickson
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; The Botanic Garden and Parks Authority; Fraser Ave West Perth Western Australia 6005 Australia
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Kingsley W. Dixon
- Kings Park and Botanic Garden; The Botanic Garden and Parks Authority; Fraser Ave West Perth Western Australia 6005 Australia
- School of Plant Biology; The University of Western Australia; 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
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Chen YY, Bao ZX, Li ZZ. High allozymic diversity in natural populations of Mycoheterotrophic Orchid Gastrodia elata, an endangered medicinal plant in China. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Austerlitz F, Gleiser G, Teixeira S, Bernasconi G. The effects of inbreeding, genetic dissimilarity and phenotype on male reproductive success in a dioecious plant. Proc Biol Sci 2011; 279:91-100. [PMID: 21561968 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.0652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollen fate can strongly affect the genetic structure of populations with restricted gene flow and significant inbreeding risk. We established an experimental population of inbred and outbred Silene latifolia plants to evaluate the effects of (i) inbreeding depression, (ii) phenotypic variation and (iii) relatedness between mates on male fitness under natural pollination. Paternity analysis revealed that outbred males sired significantly more offspring than inbred males. Independently of the effects of inbreeding, male fitness depended on several male traits, including a sexually dimorphic (flower number) and a gametophytic trait (in vitro pollen germination rate). In addition, full-sib matings were less frequent than randomly expected. Thus, inbreeding, phenotype and genetic dissimilarity simultaneously affect male fitness in this animal-pollinated plant. While inbreeding depression might threaten population persistence, the deficiency of effective matings between sibs and the higher fitness of outbred males will reduce its occurrence and counter genetic erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Austerlitz
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, UMR CNRS 8079, Université, Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Rader R, Edwards W, Westcott DA, Cunningham SA, Howlett BG. Pollen transport differs among bees and flies in a human-modified landscape. DIVERS DISTRIB 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00757.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Van Rossum F, Stiers I, Van Geert A, Triest L, Hardy OJ. Fluorescent dye particles as pollen analogues for measuring pollen dispersal in an insect-pollinated forest herb. Oecologia 2010; 165:663-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-010-1745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schleuning M, Templin M, Huamán V, Vadillo GP, Becker T, Durka W, Fischer M, Matthies D. Effects of Inbreeding, Outbreeding, and Supplemental Pollen on the Reproduction of a Hummingbird-pollinated Clonal Amazonian Herb. Biotropica 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2010.00663.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Albrecht M, Duelli P, Obrist MK, Kleijn D, Schmid B. Effective long-distance pollen dispersal in Centaurea jacea. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6751. [PMID: 19707542 PMCID: PMC2727790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Agri-environment schemes play an increasingly important role for the conservation of rare plants in intensively managed agricultural landscapes. However, little is known about their effects on gene flow via pollen dispersal between populations of these species. Methodology/Principal Findings In a 2-year experiment, we observed effective pollen dispersal from source populations of Centaurea jacea in restored meadows, the most widespread Swiss agri-environment scheme, to potted plants in adjacent intensively managed meadows without other individuals of this species. Potted plants were put in replicated source populations at 25, 50, 100 m and where possible 200 m distance from these source populations. Pollen transfer among isolated plants was prevented by temporary bagging, such that only one isolated plant was accessible for flower visitors at any one time. Because C. jacea is self-incompatible, seed set in single-plant isolates indicated insect mediated effective pollen dispersal from the source population. Seed set was higher in source populations (35.7±4.4) than in isolates (4.8±1.0). Seed set declined from 18.9% of that in source populations at a distance of 25 m to 7.4% at 200 m. At a distance of 200 m seed set was still significantly higher in selfed plants, indicating long-distance effective pollen dispersal up to 200 m. Analyses of covariance suggested that bees contributed more than flies to this long-distance pollen dispersal. We found evidence that pollen dispersal to single-plant isolates was positively affected by the diversity and flower abundance of neighboring plant species in the intensively managed meadow. Furthermore, the decline of the dispersal was less steep when the source population of C. jacea was large. Conclusions We conclude that insect pollinators can effectively transfer pollen from source populations of C. jacea over at least 200 m, even when “recipient populations” consisted of single-plant isolates, suggesting that gene flow by pollen over this distance is very likely. Source population size and flowering environment surrounding recipient plants appear to be important factors affecting pollen dispersal in C. jacea. It is conceivable that most insect-pollinated plants in a network of restored sites within intensively managed grassland can form metapopulations, if distances between sites are of similar magnitude as tested here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Albrecht
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Jacquemyn H, Van Looy K, Breyne P, Honnay O. The Meuse river as a corridor for range expansion of the exotic plant species Sisymbrium austriacum: evidence for long-distance seed dispersal. Biol Invasions 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-009-9461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sampson JF, Byrne M. Outcrossing between an agroforestry plantation and remnant native populations of Eucalyptus loxophleba. Mol Ecol 2008; 17:2769-81. [PMID: 18444981 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03779.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Gene dispersal among populations of a species is an important force influencing their genetic structure. Dispersal may also occur between taxa that would normally be isolated when nonendemic, domesticated or transgenic species are planted within the natural range of interfertile taxa. Such a mosaic of populations is typical of many agricultural landscapes, and investigations are needed to assess the risks of genetic contamination of the endemic populations but a combination of approaches may be necessary because of the limitations of research in this landscape. This study used microsatellite markers and a range of analyses (mating system, paternity exclusion, Bayesian assignment) to examine gene dispersal between remnants of the endemic Eucalyptus loxophleba ssp. supralaevis and a plantation of a nonendemic subspecies. Our results indicate that remnant populations are connected by significant dispersal to pollen sources up to 1.94 km away including the plantation. The combined analyses showed that the pollen pool and outcrossing rates of individuals within remnants varied significantly probably because of asynchronous flowering and that the likelihood of paternity was not correlated with spatial proximity. More than half of all progeny had male parents from outside their stand with the largest proportions estimated to come from the plantation by exclusion (42.4%) or Bayesian analyses (18.8-76%). Fragmentation may not be associated with decreased gene dispersal between populations of tree species, natural or planted, so that the distances required to buffer endemic trees in fragmented rural landscapes are likely to be large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane F Sampson
- Science Division, Department of Environment and Conservation, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, WA 6983, Australia.
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Abstract
Fine scale spatial structure (FSSS) of cytoplasmic genes in plants is thought to be generated via founder events and can be amplified when seeds germinate close to their mother. In gynodioecious species these processes are expected to generate FSSS in sex ratio because maternally inherited cytoplasmic male sterility genes partially influence sex expression. Here we document a striking example of FSSS in both mitochondrial genetic markers and sex in roadside populations of Silene vulgaris. We show that in one population FSSS of sexes influences relative fruit production of females compared to hermaphrodites. Furthermore, FSSS in sex ratio is expected to persist into future generations because offspring sex ratios from females are female-biased whereas offspring sex ratios from hermaphrodites are hermaphrodite-biased. Earlier studies indicated that pollen limitation is the most likely mechanism underlying negative frequency dependent fitness of females. Our results support the theoretical predictions that FSSS in sex ratio can reduce female fitness by decreasing the frequency at which females experience hermaphrodites. We argue that the influence of FSSS on female fitness is complementary to the influence of larger scale population structure on female fitness, and that population structure at both scales will act to decrease female frequencies in gynodioecious species. Better comprehension of the spatial structure of genders and genes controlling sex expression at a local scale is required for future progress toward understanding sex ratio evolution in gynodioecious plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Olson
- Department of Biology and Wildlife, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska at Fairbanks, Fairbanks AK 99775-7000, USA.
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Abstract
The ecological significance of spacing among plants in contributing to the maintenance of species richness, particularly in tropical forests, has received considerable attention that has largely focussed on distance- and density-dependent seed and seedling mortality. More recently it has become apparent that plant spacing is also relevant to pollination, which often constrains seed production. While seed and seedling survival is reduced at high conspecific densities, pollination success, by contrast, is positively correlated to local conspecific density. Distance-dependent mechanisms acting on pollination and seed production have now been described for a variety of plants, with relatively isolated plants or fragmented populations generally suffering reduced fecundity due to pollen limitation. Yet there is considerable variability in the vulnerability of plant species to pollination failure, which may be a function of breeding system, life history, the pollination vector, the degree of specialisation among plants and their pollinators, and other indirect effects of habitat change acting on plants or pollinators. As reduced tree densities and population fragmentation are common outcomes of anthropogenically altered landscapes, understanding how pollination processes are affected in such degraded landscapes can inform effective conservation and management of remaining natural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaboury Ghazoul
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PT, UK.
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