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Katano I, Mitsuhashi H, Doi H, Isobe Y, Oishi T. Distribution and drift dispersal dynamics of a caddisfly grazer in response to resource abundance and its ontogeny. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:160732. [PMID: 28280576 PMCID: PMC5319342 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stream grazers have a major impact on food web structure and the productivity of stream ecosystems; however, studies on the longitudinal (upstream versus downstream) and temporal changes in their drift dynamics and resulting distributions remain limited. Here, we investigated the longitudinal and temporal distributions and drift propensity of a trichopteran grazer, the caddisfly, Micrasema quadriloba, during its life cycle in a Japanese stream. The distribution of larvae significantly shifted downstream during the fifth instar larval stage during late winter; with periphyton abundance (i.e. their food source) showing similar shifts downstream. Therefore, our results show that the drift dispersal the caddisfly occurs in response to decline in available food resources (i.e. food-resource scarcity) and an increase in food requirements by growing individuals. Furthermore, our results show that this observed longitudinal shift in larval distribution varies through their life cycle, because the drift dispersal of fifth instar larvae was greater than that of immature larvae. The correlation between periphyton abundance and drift propensity of fourth instar larvae was not statistically significant, whereas that of fifth instar larvae was significantly negative. In conclusion, we detected an ontogenetic shift in drift propensity, which might explain the longitudinal and temporal distributions of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Katano
- Faculty or Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya nishimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | | | - Hideyuki Doi
- Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo, 7-1-28 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yu Isobe
- Nara Bunka Women's College, Higashinaka 127, Yamatotakada 635-8530, Japan
| | - Tadashi Oishi
- G&L Kyousei Institute, 4-33 Yanagi, Yamatokoriyama 639-1134, Japan
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Koetsier P, McCauley LMM. An Irrigation Canal as a Lotic Mesocosm: Examining the Relationship between Macroinvertebrate Benthos and Drift. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2015. [DOI: 10.3398/064.075.0303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Hammock BG, Johnson ML. Trout reverse the effect of water temperature on the foraging of a mayfly. Oecologia 2014; 175:997-1003. [PMID: 24793937 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-2955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is likely to increase the metabolisms of ectothermic animals living below their thermal optimum. While ectothermic top predators may compensate by increasing foraging, ectothermic prey may be unable to increase foraging because of increased predation risk from ectothermic predators. We examined how the diurnal drift behavior (i.e., the downstream movement associated with foraging) of the mayfly Baetis, an ectothermic herbivore, responds to changing temperature in the implied presence and absence of trout, an ectothermic predator. In an experiment replicated at the catchment scale, water temperature and trout presence strongly interacted to affect the diurnal drift of Baetis from artificial channels lacking periphyton over a water temperature range of 4.2-14.8 °C. In fishless streams, daytime drift increased with increasing water temperature, likely because of increased metabolic demand for food. However, in trout-bearing streams, daytime drift decreased with increasing water temperature. Our interpretation is that the perceived threat of trout rose with increasing water temperature, causing mayflies to reduce foraging despite heightened metabolic demand. These results suggest that anticipated increases in stream temperature due to climate change may further escalate divergence in structure and process between fishless and trout-bearing streams. Similar dynamics may occur in other ecosystems with ectothermic predators and prey living below their thermal optima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce G Hammock
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA,
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4
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Hammock BG, Wetzel WC. The relative importance of drift causes for stream insect herbivores across a canopy gradient. OIKOS 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00319.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Anderson KE, Hilker FM, Nisbet RM. Directional biases and resource-dependence in dispersal generate spatial patterning in a consumer-producer model. Ecol Lett 2012; 15:209-17. [PMID: 22248081 DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Directional dispersal plays a large role in shaping ecological processes in diverse systems such as rivers, coastlines and vegetation communities. We describe an instability driven by directional dispersal in a spatially explicit consumer-producer model where spatial patterns emerge in the absence of external environmental variation. Dispersal of the consumer has both undirected and directed components that are functions of producer biomass. We demonstrate that directional dispersal is required for the instability, while undirected diffusive dispersal sets a lower bound to the spatial scale of emerging patterns. Furthermore, instability requires indirect feedbacks affecting consumer per capita dispersal rates, and not activator-inhibitor dynamics affecting production and mortality as is described in previous theory. This novel and less-restrictive mechanism for generating spatial patterns can arise over realistic parameter values, which we explore using an empirically inspired model and data on stream macroinvertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt E Anderson
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside CA 92521, USA.
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6
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Evaluations of seasonal habitat variations of freshwater fishes, fireflies, and frogs using a habitat suitability index model that includes river water temperature. Ecol Modell 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Encalada AC, Peckarsky BL. The influence of recruitment on within-generation population dynamics of a mayfly. Ecosphere 2011. [DOI: 10.1890/es11-00103.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Albertson LK, Cardinale BJ, Zeug SC, Harrison LR, Lenihan HS, Wydzga MA. Impacts of Channel Reconstruction on Invertebrate Assemblages in a Restored River. Restor Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100x.2010.00672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Winemiller KO, Flecker AS, Hoeinghaus DJ. Patch dynamics and environmental heterogeneity in lotic ecosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1899/08-048.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirk O. Winemiller
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2258 USA
| | - Alexander S. Flecker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 USA
| | - David J. Hoeinghaus
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Institute of Applied Science, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle 310559, Denton, Texas 76203-5017 USA
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Hoover TM, Richardson JS. Does water velocity influence optimal escape behaviors in stream insects? Behav Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arp182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Propagule supply controls grazer community structure and primary production in a benthic marine ecosystem. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:7052-7. [PMID: 19359487 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0809284106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early theories of species diversity proposed that communities at equilibrium are saturated with species. However, experiments in plant communities suggest that many communities are unsaturated and species richness can be increased by adding propagules of new species. We experimentally tested for community saturation and measured the effects of propagule supply on community structure in a benthic marine system. We manipulated propagule supply (arrival of individuals of numerous species) of mobile grazers in experimental mesocosms over multiple generations and, unlike previous tests, we examined the cascading effects of propagule supply on prey (macroalgae) biomass. We found little evidence for saturation, despite the absence of processes such as disturbance and predation that are thought to alleviate saturation in nature. Increasing propagule supply increased the total number of species and made rare species more abundant. Perhaps surprisingly, given the strong effect of propagule supply on species richness, supply-related changes in body size and composition suggest that competitive interactions remained important. Grazer supply also had strong cascading effects on primary production, possibly because of dietary complementarity modified by territorial behavior. Our results indicate that propagule supply can directly influence the diversity and composition of communities of mobile animals. Furthermore, the supply of consumer propagules can have strong indirect effects on prey and fundamental ecosystem properties.
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Cecala KK, Price SJ, Dorcas ME. Evaluating existing movement hypotheses in linear systems using larval stream salamanders. CAN J ZOOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1139/z09-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Because of their linear nature, streams provide a restrictive framework to understand the movement ecology of many animals. Stream movements have been characterized under two competing hypotheses. The colonization hypothesis dictates that small individuals experience passive drift, but concurrent, upstream movement by larger individuals replaces the loss of small individuals. Alternatively, the production hypothesis suggests that downstream movements are a consequence of limited resource availability. Previous research suggests that large larvae should move upstream and vice versa for small larvae, which should therefore be found downstream more often. We conducted a mark–recapture study of larval red salamanders ( Pseudotriton ruber (Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801)) to assess the validity of these hypotheses. We found that no larvae exhibited downstream movement (skew = 0.361, p = 0.019; biased upstream), and large larvae were the only size cohort to exhibit directional movement upstream (skew = 0.901, p = 0.035). Contrary to predictions under the colonization hypothesis, small larvae were found upstream more frequently than large larvae (N = 871, H = 16.29, df = 2, p < 0.001). Our results suggest that larval movements are related to abiotic stream conditions, and we conclude that neither hypothesis fully explains stream movement. In the absence of drift, new movement hypotheses are necessary to describe persistent upstream movement in streams. These hypotheses should consider individual causes of movement and the direction of movements that will improve the fitness of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. K. Cecala
- Davidson College, Department of Biology, Davidson, NC 28035-7118, USA
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - S. J. Price
- Davidson College, Department of Biology, Davidson, NC 28035-7118, USA
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - M. E. Dorcas
- Davidson College, Department of Biology, Davidson, NC 28035-7118, USA
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
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Dewson ZS, James ABW, Death RG. A review of the consequences of decreased flow for instream habitat and macroinvertebrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1899/06-110.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoë S. Dewson
- Institute of Natural Resources–Ecology, Massey University, Private Bag 11–222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Alexander B. W. James
- Institute of Natural Resources–Ecology, Massey University, Private Bag 11–222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Russell G. Death
- Institute of Natural Resources–Ecology, Massey University, Private Bag 11–222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Anderson KE, Nisbet RM, Diehl S. Spatial scaling of consumer-resource interactions in advection-dominated systems. Am Nat 2006; 168:358-72. [PMID: 16947111 DOI: 10.1086/506916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2005] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ecologists studying consumer-resource interactions in advection-dominated systems such as streams and rivers frequently seek to link the results of small-scale experiments with larger-scale patterns of distribution and abundance. Accomplishing this goal requires determining the characteristic scale, termed the response length, at which there is a shift from local dynamics dominated by advective dispersal to larger-scale dynamics dominated by births and deaths. Here, we model the dynamics of consumer-resource systems in a spatially variable, advective environment and show how consumer-resource interactions alter the response length relative to its single-species value. For one case involving a grazer that emigrates in response to high predator density, we quantify the changes using published data from small-scale experiments on aquatic invertebrates. Using Fourier analysis, we describe the responses of advection-dominated consumer-resource systems to spatially extended environmental variability in a way that involves explicit consideration of the response length. The patterns we derive for different consumer-resource systems exhibit important similarities in how component populations respond to spatial environmental variability affecting dispersal as opposed to demographic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt E Anderson
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.
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Inoue M, Miyayoshi M. Fish foraging effects on benthic assemblages along a warm-temperate stream: differences among drift feeders, benthic predators and grazers. OIKOS 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2006.0030-1299.14388.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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K. Roll S, Diehl S, D. Cooper S. Effects of grazer immigration and nutrient enrichment on an open algae-grazer system. OIKOS 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.12950.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Alvarez M, Peckarsky BL. How do grazers affect periphyton heterogeneity in streams? Oecologia 2004; 142:576-87. [PMID: 15688216 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-004-1759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2004] [Accepted: 10/12/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of grazing by stream invertebrates on algal biomass and spatial heterogeneity were tested experimentally in flow-through microcosms with natural substrates (rocks). One experiment tested the effects of fixed densities of three species of grazers (the caddisfly Allomyia sp. and two mayflies, Epeorus deceptivus and Baetis bicaudatus) on periphyton. Baetis was tested with and without chemical cues from fish predators, which reduced grazer foraging activity to levels similar to the less mobile mayfly (Epeorus). Mean algal biomass (chlorophyll a; chl a) was reduced in grazer treatments compared to ungrazed controls, but there were no differences among grazer treatments. Algal heterogeneity (Morisita index) increased with grazer mobility, with the highest heterogeneity occurring in the Baetis-no fish treatment (most mobile grazer) and the lowest in the caddisfly treatment (most sedentary grazer). A second experiment used a three factorial design, and tested whether initial resource distribution (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous), Baetis density (high vs. low) and fish odor (present vs. absent) affected grazer impact on algal resources. Abundances of Baetis and chl a on individual rocks were recorded to explore the mechanisms responsible for the observed distributions of algae. Initial resource heterogeneity was maintained despite being subjected to grazing. Mean chl a was highest in controls, as in experiment I, and effects of Baetis on algal biomass increased with grazer density. There were no fish effects on algal biomass and no effects of grazer density or fish on algal heterogeneity. At the scale of individual rocks Baetis was unselective when food was homogeneously distributed, but chose high-food rocks when it was heterogeneously distributed. Results of these mechanistic experiments showed that Baetis can track resources at the scale of single rocks; and at moderate densities mobile grazers could potentially maintain periphyton distributions observed in natural streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maruxa Alvarez
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, 529, Crested Butte, CO 81224, USA
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Miyake Y, Hiura T, Kuhara N, Nakano S. Succession in a stream invertebrate community: A transition in species dominance through colonization. Ecol Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1703.2003.00573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rezanka KM, Hershey AE. Examining primary producer–consumer interactions in a Lake Superior tributary using 15N-tracer, grazer-reduction, and nutrient-bioassay experiments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.2307/1468268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kay M. Rezanka
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812 USA
| | - Anne E. Hershey
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402 USA
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20
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Jones M, Laurila A, Peuhkuri N, Piironen J, Seppä T. Timing an ontogenetic niche shift: responses of emerging salmon alevins to chemical cues from predators and competitors. OIKOS 2003. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Ruetz III CR, Stephens DW. Site selection under differential predation risks by drifting prey in streams. OIKOS 2003. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Gjerløv C, Hildrew AG, Jones JI. Mobility of stream invertebrates in relation to disturbance and refugia: a test of habitat templet theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.2307/1467993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Gjerløv
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Alan G. Hildrew
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - J. Iwan Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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Kuhara N, Nakano S, Miyasaka H. Flow rate mediates the competitive influence of a grazing caddisfly on mayflies. Ecol Res 2001. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1703.2000.00331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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McNair JN, Newbold JD. Turbulent transport of suspended particles and dispersing benthic organisms: the hitting-distance problem for the local exchange model. J Theor Biol 2001; 209:351-69. [PMID: 11312595 DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.2001.2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The local exchange model developed by McNair et al. (1997) provides a stochastic diffusion approximation to the random-like motion of fine particles suspended in turbulent water. Based on this model, McNair (2000) derived equations governing the probability distribution and moments of the hitting time, which is the time until a particle hits the bottom for the first time from a given initial elevation. In the present paper, we derive the corresponding equations for the probability distribution and moments of the hitting distance, which is the longitudinal distance a particle has traveled when it hits the bottom for the first time. We study the dependence of the distribution and moments on a particle's initial elevation and on two dimensionless parameters: an inverse Reynolds number M (a measure of the importance of viscous mixing compared to turbulent mixing of water) and the Rouse number ŝ(a measure of the importance of deterministic gravitational sinking compared to stochastic turbulent mixing in governing the vertical motion of a particle). We also compute predicted hitting-distance distributions for two published data sets. The results show that for fine particles suspended in moderately to highly turbulent water, the hitting-distance distribution is strongly skewed to the right, with mode<median<mean. Because of the distribution's thick upper tail, there is a significant probability that a particle's hitting distance will greatly exceed the mean. The results also show that the position of the mode depends strongly on a particle's initial elevation but, compared to the median or mean, is relatively insensitive to ŝ. These results are broadly similar to those obtained by McNair (2000) for the hitting-time distribution, but the distribution and moments of the hitting distance are noticeably more sensitive to M than are the corresponding properties of the hitting time. Comparison of predicted hitting-distance distributions with data of Cushing et al. (1993) on settling distances of fine particulate organic matter in natural streams supports the view that such particles commonly fail to settle the first time they hit the stream bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N McNair
- Patrick Center for Environmental Research, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, U.S.A
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26
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Lee JO, Hershey AE. Effects of aquatic bryophytes and long-term fertilization on arctic stream insects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.2307/1468127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James O. Lee
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812 USA
| | - Anne E. Hershey
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812 USA
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Diehl S, Cooper SD, Kratz KW, Nisbet RM, Roll SK, Wiseman SW, Jenkins, Jr. TM. Effects of Multiple, Predator‐Induced Behaviors on Short‐term Producer‐Grazer Dynamics in Open Systems. Am Nat 2000. [DOI: 10.1086/303390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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29
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Hart DD, Finelli CM. Physical-Biological Coupling in Streams: The Pervasive Effects of Flow on Benthic Organisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.30.1.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David D. Hart
- Patrick Center for Environmental Research, Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103; e-mail: ,
| | - Christopher M. Finelli
- Patrick Center for Environmental Research, Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103; e-mail: ,
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Huhta A, Muotka T, Juntunen A, Yrjonen M. Behavioural interactions in stream food webs: the case of drift-feeding fish, predatory invertebrates and grazing mayflies. J Anim Ecol 1999. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2656.1999.00339.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dahl J, Anders Nilsson P, Pettersson LB. Against the flow: chemical detection of downstream predators in running waters. Proc Biol Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1998.0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Dahl
- Department of Ecology, Ecology Building, SE–223 62 Lund, Sweden
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DOWNES BARBARAJ, KEOUGH MICHAELJ. Scaling of colonization processes in streams: Parallels and lessons from marine hard substrata. AUSTRAL ECOL 1998. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.1998.tb00702.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nisbet RM, Diehl S, Wilson WG, Cooper SD, Donalson DD, Kratz K. PRIMARY-PRODUCTIVITY GRADIENTS AND SHORT-TERM POPULATION DYNAMICS IN OPEN SYSTEMS. ECOL MONOGR 1997. [DOI: 10.1890/0012-9615(1997)067[0535:ppgast]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vance SA. The effect of the mermithid parasite Gasteromermis sp. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) on the drift behaviour of its mayfly host, Baetis bicaudatus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae): a trade-off between avoiding predators and locating food. CAN J ZOOL 1996. [DOI: 10.1139/z96-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study reports alterations in the drift behaviour of mayfly nymphs (Baetis bicaudatus) infected with the mermithid nematode parasite Gasteromermis sp. with respect to (i) their exposure to drift-feeding trout predators and (ii) the efficiency with which they locate food. Experimental stream channels and benthic and drift samples were combined to investigate drift behaviour. The drift behaviour of earlier instars did not differ between parasitized and unparasitized nymphs. Infected late-instar nymphs, however, drifted less frequently, drifted higher in the water column, and swam more frequently while drifting. Neither drift distances nor body angle while drifting were altered. Parasitized nymphs showed a reduction in food-location success in heterogeneous stream channels. The drift alterations therefore reduce both the exposure of the host to fish predators and the efficiency with which it locates food. The mayfly population is effectively divided into two groups: unparasitized nymphs (in which drift behaviour is of consequence to mayfly fecundity) and parasitized nymphs (in which drift behaviour is of consequence to mermithid survival and fecundity). It is suggested that locating food may be less important to the parasite, while the risk of trout predation may be higher for drifting parasitized individuals. Both of these factors would favour the parasite influencing its host to adopt lower drift frequencies.
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Palmer MA, Allan J, Butman CA. Dispersal as a regional process affecting the local dynamics of marine and stream benthic invertebrates. Trends Ecol Evol 1996; 11:322-6. [DOI: 10.1016/0169-5347(96)10038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The influence of spatial heterogeneity on the behavior and growth of two herbivorous stream insects. Oecologia 1995; 104:476-486. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00341345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/1994] [Accepted: 06/19/1995] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Rader RB, McArthur JV. The relative importance of refugia in determining the drift and habitat selection of predaceous stoneflies in a sandy-bottomed stream. Oecologia 1995; 103:1-9. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00328418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/1994] [Accepted: 01/30/1995] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dix DR, Bridgham JT, Broderius MA, Byersdorfer CA, Eide DJ. The FET4 gene encodes the low affinity Fe(II) transport protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 1994. [PMID: 7929320 DOI: 10.1007/bf00014709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on Fe(II) uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggested the presence of two uptake systems with different affinities for this substrate. We demonstrate that the FET3 gene is required for high affinity uptake but not for the low affinity system. This requirement has enabled a characterization of the low affinity system. Low affinity uptake is time-, temperature-, and concentration-dependent and prefers Fe(II) over Fe(III) as substrate. We have isolated a new gene, FET4, that is required for low affinity uptake, and our results suggest that FET4 encodes an Fe(II) transporter protein. FET4's predicted amino acid sequence contains six potential transmembrane domains. Overexpressing FET4 increased low affinity uptake, whereas disrupting this gene eliminated that activity. In contrast, overexpressing FET4 decreased high affinity activity, while disrupting FET4 increased that activity. Therefore, the high affinity system may be regulated to compensate for alterations in low affinity activity. These analyses, and the analysis of the iron-dependent regulation of the plasma membrane Fe(III) reductase, demonstrate that the low affinity system is a biologically relevant mechanism of iron uptake in yeast. Furthermore, our results indicate that the high and low affinity systems are separate uptake pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Dix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Minnesota, Duluth 55812
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Douglas PL, Forrester GE, Cooper SD. Effects of trout on the diel periodicity of drifting in baetid mayflies. Oecologia 1994; 98:48-56. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00326089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/1993] [Accepted: 02/05/1994] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Predator detection and avoidance by lotic mayfly nymphs of different size. Oecologia 1994; 99:252-259. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00627737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/1993] [Accepted: 05/20/1994] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Soluk DA, Collins NC. A mechanism for interference between stream predators: responses of the stonefly Agnetina capitata to the presence of sculpins. Oecologia 1988; 76:630-632. [PMID: 28312419 DOI: 10.1007/bf00397881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/1987] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mottled sculpins (Cottus bairdi) have a strong negative effect on the ability of the stonefly Agnetina capitata to capture some types of mayfly prey. To determine the mechanism for this interference effect, behavior of Agnetina in the presence and absence of sculpins was observed over 24 h periods (12 h light, 12 h dark), using an infra-red sensitive camera and a time-lapse video recorder. Agnetina larvae reacted to the presence of sculpins by significantly reducing the time they spent off the bottom of the substrate, and by significantly decreasing the amount of time spent moving on the substrate. These experiments suggest that in the presence of fish, stonefly diets may contain a smaller proportion of prey that tend to frequent tops and sides of stones. This behavioral flexibility may be important in streams in that it allows stoneflies to advantageously shift their diets when fish population densities are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Soluk
- Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Erindale Campus, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, Ont., Canada
| | - Nicholas C Collins
- Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Erindale Campus, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, Ont., Canada
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Soluk DA, Collins NC. Balancing risks? Responses and non-responses of mayfly larvae to fish and stonefly predators. Oecologia 1988; 77:370-374. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00378044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/1988] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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