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Ferraguto C, Bouleau Y, Peineau T, Dulon D, Pietropaolo S. Hyperacusis in the Adult Fmr1-KO Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome: The Therapeutic Relevance of Cochlear Alterations and BKCa Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11863. [PMID: 37511622 PMCID: PMC10380266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperacusis, i.e., an increased sensitivity to sounds, is described in several neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). The mechanisms underlying hyperacusis in FXS are still largely unknown and effective therapies are lacking. Big conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels were proposed as a therapeutic target to treat several behavioral disturbances in FXS preclinical models, but their role in mediating their auditory alterations was not specifically addressed. Furthermore, studies on the acoustic phenotypes of FXS animal models mostly focused on central rather than peripheral auditory pathways. Here, we provided an extensive characterization of the peripheral auditory phenotype of the Fmr1-knockout (KO) mouse model of FXS at adulthood. We also assessed whether the acute administration of Chlorzoxazone, a BKCa agonist, could rescue the auditory abnormalities of adult mutant mice. Fmr1-KO mice both at 3 and 6 months showed a hyperacusis-like startle phenotype with paradoxically reduced auditory brainstem responses associated with a loss of ribbon synapses in the inner hair cells (IHCs) compared to their wild-type (WT) littermates. BKCa expression was markedly reduced in the IHCs of KOs compared to WT mice, but only at 6 months, when Chlorzoxazone rescued mutant auditory dysfunction. Our findings highlight the age-dependent and progressive contribution of peripheral mechanisms and BKCa channels to adult hyperacusis in FXS, suggesting a novel therapeutic target to treat auditory dysfunction in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Ferraguto
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, EPHE, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Yohan Bouleau
- Neurophysiologie de la Synapse Auditive, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM UA06, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Institut de l'Audition, Centre Institut Pasteur, Inserm UA06, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Thibault Peineau
- Neurophysiologie de la Synapse Auditive, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM UA06, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Institut de l'Audition, Centre Institut Pasteur, Inserm UA06, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Didier Dulon
- Neurophysiologie de la Synapse Auditive, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM UA06, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Institut de l'Audition, Centre Institut Pasteur, Inserm UA06, F-75012 Paris, France
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Silva LAF, Kawahira RSH, Kim CA, Matas CG. Audiological profile and cochlear functionality in Williams syndrome. Codas 2022; 34:e20210041. [PMID: 35043861 PMCID: PMC9769433 DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20212021041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE to evaluate cochlear functionality in Williams syndrome (WS) individuals. METHODS a study with 39 individuals, being 22 with WS aged between 7 and 17 years, 15 male and 7 female, and 17 individuals with typical development and normal hearing. All individuals were evaluated using pure tone audiometry, acoustic immittance measurements, and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE). The audiological profile in individuals with WS was analyzed, and TEOAE responses were compared between WS individuals without hearing loss and typical developmental individuals. RESULTS The hearing loss was observed in 50% of patients, being 78.95% sensorineural and 21.05% mixed. This hearing loss was predominantly mild to moderate, affecting mainly frequencies above 3 kHz. As for TEOAE, there was a higher incidence of absence and lower amplitude responses in individuals with WS. CONCLUSION WS individuals have hair cell dysfunction, mainly in the basal region of the cochlea. Thus, TEOAE analysis is an important clinical resource to be considered in the routine audiological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Aparecida Fagundes Silva
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina – FM, Universidade de São Paulo – USP – São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
| | - Rachel Sayuri Honjo Kawahira
- Unidade de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina – FM, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clinicas – HC, Universidade de São Paulo – USP – São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Unidade de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina – FM, Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clinicas – HC, Universidade de São Paulo – USP – São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
| | - Carla Gentile Matas
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Medicina – FM, Universidade de São Paulo – USP – São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
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Liu Y, Alkharabsheh A, Sun W. Hyperexcitability of the Nucleus Accumbens Is Involved in Noise-Induced Hyperacusis. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8814858. [PMID: 33293947 PMCID: PMC7714561 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8814858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced tolerance to sound stimuli (hyperacusis) is commonly seen in tinnitus patients. Dysfunction of limbic systems, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc), may be involved in emotional reactions to the sound stimuli in tinnitus patients. To study the functional changes in the NAc in hyperacusis, we have examined the neural activity changes of the NAc using c-Fos staining in an animal model of hyperacusis. The c-Fos staining was also examined in the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN), a central auditory pathway which has neural projections to the NAc. Postnatal rats (14 days) were exposed to loud noise (115 dB SPL, 4 hours for two consecutive days) to induce hyperacusis (n = 4). Rats without noise exposure were used as the controls (n = 4). After P35, rats in both groups were put in a behavioral training for sound detection. After they were trained to detect sound stimuli, their reaction time to noise bursts centered at 2 kHz (40-110 dB SPL) was measured. Rats in the noise group showed a significantly shorter reaction time than those in the control group to the noise bursts at high intensities, suggesting the noise exposure induced hyperacusis behavior. The c-Fos expressions in the NAc and the MGNs of the noise group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Our results suggested that early-age noise exposure caused hyperactivity in the NAc and the MGNs which may induce the loudness increase in these rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, China 200080
| | - Ana''am Alkharabsheh
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al Abdallah St., Amman, Jordan 11942
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, 137 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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Hyperacusis in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093045. [PMID: 32349379 PMCID: PMC7246428 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The association between hyperacusis and developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders has been extensively reported in the literature; however, the specific prevalence of hyperacusis in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has never been investigated. In this preliminary study, we evaluated the presence of hyperacusis in a small sample of children affected by ADHD compared to a control group of healthy children. Thirty normal hearing children with a diagnosis of ADHD and 30 children matched for sex and age were enrolled in the study. All children underwent audiological and multidisciplinary neuropsychiatric evaluation. Hearing was assessed using pure tone audiometry and immittance test; ADHD was diagnosed following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder criteria. Hyperacusis was assessed through the administration of a questionnaire to parents and an interview with children. Hyperacusis was diagnosed in 11 children (36.7%) in the study group and in four children (13.3%) in the control group; this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.03). The preliminary results of this study suggest a higher presence of hyperacusis in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder compared to control children. More studies on larger samples are necessary to confirm these results.
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Salvi R, Auerbach BD, Lau C, Chen YC, Manohar S, Liu X, Ding D, Chen GD. Functional Neuroanatomy of Salicylate- and Noise-Induced Tinnitus and Hyperacusis. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 51:133-160. [PMID: 32653998 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tinnitus and hyperacusis are debilitating conditions often associated with aging or exposure to intense noise or ototoxic drugs. One of the most reliable methods of inducing tinnitus is with high doses of sodium salicylate, the active ingredient in aspirin. High doses of salicylate have been widely used to investigate the functional neuroanatomy of tinnitus and hyperacusis. High doses of salicylate have been used to develop novel behavioral methods to detect the presence of tinnitus and hyperacusis in animal models. Salicylate typically induces a hearing loss of approximately 20 dB which greatly reduces the neural output of the cochlea. As this weak neural signal emerging from the cochlea is sequentially relayed to the cochlear nucleus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate, and auditory cortex, the neural response to suprathreshold sounds is progressively amplified by a factor of 2-3 by the time the signal reaches the auditory cortex, a phenomenon referred to as enhanced central gain. Sound-evoked hyperactivity also occurred in the amygdala, a region that assigns emotional significance to sensory stimuli. Resting state functional magnetic imaging of the BOLD signal revealed salicylate-induced increases in spontaneous neural activity in the inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body, and auditory cortex as well as in non-auditory areas such as the amygdala, reticular formation, cerebellum, and other sensory areas. Functional connectivity of the BOLD signal revealed increased neural coupling between several auditory areas and non-auditory areas such as the amygdala, cerebellum, reticular formation, hippocampus, and caudate/putamen; these strengthened connections likely contribute to the multifaceted dimensions of tinnitus. Taken together, these results suggest that salicylate-induced tinnitus disrupts a complex neural network involving many auditory centers as well as brain regions involved with emotion, arousal, memory, and motor planning. These extra-auditory centers embellish the basic auditory percepts that results in tinnitus and which may also contribute to hyperacusis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | | | - Condon Lau
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Dalian Ding
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Guang-Di Chen
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Silva LAF, Kim CA, Matas CG. Características da avaliação auditiva na síndrome de Williams: revisão sistemática. Codas 2018; 30:e20170267. [DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20182017267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo Identificar por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura quais são as características da avaliação audiológica clínica de indivíduos com síndrome de Williams. Estratégia de pesquisa Inicialmente foi determinada a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: “Quais são as características da avaliação auditiva clínica em indivíduos com síndrome de Williams?”. A partir desta, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico em 4 bases de dados, utilizando-se dos seguintes descritores: síndrome de Williams (Williams syndrome), perda auditiva (hearing loss) e audiologia (audiology). Critérios de seleção Foram selecionados artigos com nível de evidência 1 ou 2, publicados na íntegra nos idiomas português brasileiro ou inglês. Análise dos dados Foram analisados os resultados obtidos nos testes auditivos utilizados na rotina clínica, incluindo: imitanciometria, audiometria tonal, emissões otoacústicas e potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico. Resultados 209 estudos foram encontrados, porém apenas 12 contemplaram os critérios de inclusão para o estudo. Foi possível observar prevalência de curva timpanométrica do tipo A, que pode ocorrer juntamente com ausência de reflexos acústicos, perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a moderado acometendo principalmente as frequências altas, emissões otoacústicas ausentes ou de menor amplitude e potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico sem alteração retrococlear. Conclusão O comprometimento coclear é comum em indivíduos com síndrome de Williams e as principais alterações na avaliação auditiva nesta população são a ausência das emissões otoacústicas e dos reflexos acústicos bem como a presença de perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a moderado principalmente nas frequências altas na audiometria tonal.
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Alkharabsheh A, Xiong F, Xiong B, Manohar S, Chen G, Salvi R, Sun W. Early age noise exposure increases loudness perception - A novel animal model of hyperacusis. Hear Res 2017; 347:11-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Khattak S, Brimble E, Zhang W, Zaslavsky K, Strong E, Ross PJ, Hendry J, Mital S, Salter MW, Osborne LR, Ellis J. Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived neurons as a model for Williams-Beuren syndrome. Mol Brain 2015; 8:77. [PMID: 26603386 PMCID: PMC4657290 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS) is caused by the microdeletion of approximately 25 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, and is characterized by a spectrum of cognitive and behavioural features. Results We generated cortical neurons from a WBS individual and unaffected (WT) control by directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Single cell mRNA analyses and immunostaining demonstrated very efficient production of differentiated cells expressing markers of mature neurons of mixed subtypes and from multiple cortical layers. We found that there was a profound alteration in action potentials, with significantly prolonged WBS repolarization times and a WBS deficit in voltage-activated K+ currents. Miniature excitatory synaptic currents were normal, indicating that unitary excitatory synaptic transmission was not altered. Gene expression profiling identified 136 negatively enriched gene sets in WBS compared to WT neurons including gene sets involved in neurotransmitter receptor activity, synaptic assembly, and potassium channel complexes. Conclusions Our findings provide insight into gene dysregulation and electrophysiological defects in WBS patient neurons. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13041-015-0168-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahryar Khattak
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Elise Brimble
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Kirill Zaslavsky
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Emma Strong
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - P Joel Ross
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Jason Hendry
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Seema Mital
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Michael W Salter
- Program in Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Lucy R Osborne
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - James Ellis
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, 686 Bay St, 16th Floor - Room 9705, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada.
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Zarchi O, Avni C, Attias J, Frisch A, Carmel M, Michaelovsky E, Green T, Weizman A, Gothelf D. Hyperactive auditory processing in Williams syndrome: Evidence from auditory evoked potentials. Psychophysiology 2015; 52:782-9. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omer Zarchi
- Behavioral Neurogenetics Center; The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
- Institute for Clinical Neurophysiology and Audiology; Rabin Medical Center and Schneider Children's Medical Center; Petah Tikva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Chen Avni
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Josef Attias
- Institute for Clinical Neurophysiology and Audiology; Rabin Medical Center and Schneider Children's Medical Center; Petah Tikva Israel
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders; Haifa University; Haifa Israel
| | - Amos Frisch
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory; Felsenstein Medical Research Center; Petah Tikva Israel
| | - Miri Carmel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory; Felsenstein Medical Research Center; Petah Tikva Israel
| | - Elena Michaelovsky
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory; Felsenstein Medical Research Center; Petah Tikva Israel
| | - Tamar Green
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Nes-Ziyyona-Beer Yaakov Mental Health Center; Nes-Ziyyona Israel
| | - Abraham Weizman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory; Felsenstein Medical Research Center; Petah Tikva Israel
- Research Unit; Geha Mental Health Center; Petah Tikva Israel
| | - Doron Gothelf
- Behavioral Neurogenetics Center; The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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Paglialonga A, Barozzi S, Brambilla D, Soi D, Cesarani A, Spreafico E, Tognola G. Analysis of subtle auditory dysfunctions in young normal-hearing subjects affected by Williams syndrome. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 78:1861-5. [PMID: 25193583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess if young subjects affected by Williams syndrome (WS) with normal middle ear functionality and normal hearing thresholds might have subtle auditory dysfunctions that could be detected by using clinically available measurements. METHODS Otoscopy, acoustic reflexes, tympanometry, pure-tone audiometry, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were measured in a group of 13 WS subjects and in 13 age-matched, typically developing control subjects. Participants were required to have normal otoscopy, A-type tympanogram, normal acoustic reflex thresholds, and pure-tone thresholds≤15 dB HL at 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz bilaterally. To limit the possible influence of middle ear status on DPOAE recordings, we analyzed only data from ears with pure-tone thresholds≤15 dB HL across all octave frequencies in the range 0.25-8 kHz, middle ear pressure (MEP)>-50 daPa, static compliance (SC) in the range 0.3-1.2 cm3, and ear canal volume (ECV) in the range 0.2-2 ml, and we performed analysis of covariance to remove the possible effects of middle ear variables on DPOAEs. RESULTS No differences in mean hearing thresholds, SC, ECV, and gradient were observed between the two groups, whereas significantly lower MEP values were found in WS subjects as well as significantly decreased DPOAEs up to 3.2 kHz after adjusting for differences in middle ear status. CONCLUSIONS Results revealed that WS subjects with normal hearing thresholds (≤15 dB HL) and normal middle ear functionality (MEP>-50 daPa, SC in the range 0.3-1.2 cm3, ECV in the range 0.2-2 ml) might have subtle auditory dysfunctions that can be detected by using clinically available methods. Overall, this study points out the importance of using otoacoustic emissions as a complement to routine audiological examinations in individuals with WS to detect, before the onset of hearing loss, possible subtle auditory dysfunctions so that patients can be early identified, better monitored, and promptly treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Paglialonga
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Stefania Barozzi
- Audiology Unit, Department of Specialistic Surgical Sciences, University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Brambilla
- Audiology Unit, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, I-23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Daniela Soi
- Audiology Unit, Department of Specialistic Surgical Sciences, University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Cesarani
- Audiology Unit, Department of Specialistic Surgical Sciences, University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Spreafico
- Audiology Unit, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, I-23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tognola
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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Sun W, Fu Q, Zhang C, Manohar S, Kumaraguru A, Li J. Loudness perception affected by early age hearing loss. Hear Res 2014; 313:18-25. [PMID: 24747532 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tinnitus and hyperacusis, commonly seen in adults, are also reported in children. Although clinical studies found children with tinnitus and hyperacusis often suffered from recurrent otitis media, there is no direct study on how temporary hearing loss in the early age affects the sound loudness perception. In this study, sound loudness changes in rats affected by perforation of the tympanic membranes (TM) have been studied using an operant conditioning based behavioral task. We detected significant increases of sound loudness and susceptibility to audiogenic seizures (AGS) in rats with bilateral TM damage at postnatal 16 days. As increase to sound sensitivity is commonly seen in hyperacusis and tinnitus patients, these results suggest that early age hearing loss is a high risk factor to induce tinnitus and hyperacusis in children. In the TM damaged rats, we also detected a reduced expression of GABA receptor δ and α6 subunits in the inferior colliculus (IC) compared to the controls. Treatment of vigabatrin (60 mg/kg/day, 7-14 days), an anti-seizure drug that inhibits the catabolism of GABA, not only blocked AGS, but also significantly attenuated the loudness response. Administration of vigabatrin following the early age TM damage could even prevent rats from developing AGS. These results suggest that TM damage at an early age may cause a permanent reduction of GABA tonic inhibition which is critical towards the maintenance of normal loudness processing of the IC. Increasing GABA concentration during the critical period may alleviate the impairment in the brain induced by early age hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Senthilvelan Manohar
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Anand Kumaraguru
- Center for Hearing & Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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12
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Audiological follow-up of 24 patients affected by Williams syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2013; 56:490-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Kaf WA, Danesh AA. Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions and contralateral suppression findings in children with Asperger's Syndrome. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77:947-54. [PMID: 23562236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children with Asperger's Syndrome (AS) often demonstrate auditory behaviors such as hypersensitivity to sounds and poor performance in noisy environments. These auditory behaviors may be related to cochlear dysfunction and abnormal medial olivocochlear bundle (MOCB) activity. The objective of this study was to examine the distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) with and without contralateral white noise to evaluate outer hair cell activity and MOCB activity in children with AS. METHODS A case control study where 18 boys with AS and 18 age-matched control subjects participated in the study. For both groups, DPOAEs were recorded at 4031, 2627, 1969, and 1359 Hz f2 frequencies with and without contralateral white noise at 30 dB SL. DPOAE SNRs and difference scores were analyzed for possible differences between both groups and age subgroups (young and old children). RESULTS In the quiet condition, there were no significant group or ear differences in DPOAEs SNR. However, DPOAEs SNR were larger at 4031 Hz than at lower frequencies in both groups, mostly due to negative effect of background noise on low frequency response. Contralateral noise resulted in both suppression and enhancement of the DPOAE SNRs in 93% of the control group and 90% of the AS group. However, there were no significant differences in suppression and enhancement between the two groups or age subgroups. The young controls had right ear advantage and significantly larger suppression at all frequencies except 4031 Hz than old controls. The young children with AS had slight left ear advantage and significantly larger suppression only at 2672 Hz compared to the old children with AS. CONCLUSIONS The results, indicating minor differences in DPOAEs and contralateral suppression and enhancement of DPOAEs between both control and AS groups and age subgroups, suggest subtle differences in the function of the outer hair cells and the MOCB activity. Therefore, other central auditory processing in the temporal lobe, limbic system and autonomic nervous system may be involved in the generation of hypersensitivity to sounds and difficulty understanding in noisy environments in children with AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A Kaf
- Communication Sciences and Disorders Department, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO 65897, USA.
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Rossi NF, Garayzábal Heinze E, Giacheti CM, Gonçalves OF, Sampaio A. Psycholinguistic abilities of children with Williams syndrome. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2012; 33:819-824. [PMID: 22230237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the psycholinguistic abilities of children with Williams syndrome (WS) and typically developing children using the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA). Performance on the ITPA was analysed in a group with WS (N=20, mean age=8.5 years, SD=1.62) and two typically developing groups, matched in mental (MA, N=20, mean age=4.92 years, SD=1.14) and chronological age (CA, N=19, mean age=8.35 years, SD=3.07). Overall, within-group analyses showed that individuals with WS displayed higher scalar scores on the visual reception and visual association subtests. When groups were compared, we observed inferior performance of the WS group on all ITPA subtests when compared with typically developing groups. Moreover, an interaction between reception and group was found, only the WS group demonstrated superior performance on the visual reception subtest when compared to the auditory reception subtest. Evidence from this study offers relevant contributions to the development of educational intervention programs for children with WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia F Rossi
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University Estadual Paulista, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Barozzi S, Soi D, Comiotto E, Borghi A, Gavioli C, Spreafico E, Gagliardi C, Selicorni A, Forti S, Ambrosetti U, Cesarani A, Brambilla D. Audiological findings in Williams syndrome: A study of 69 patients. Am J Med Genet A 2012; 158A:759-71. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Matsumoto N, Kitani R, Kalinec F. Linking LIMK1 deficiency to hyperacusis and progressive hearing loss in individuals with Williams syndrome. Commun Integr Biol 2011; 4:208-10. [PMID: 21655442 DOI: 10.4161/cib.4.2.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Williams syndrome (a.k.a. Williams-Beuren Syndrome) is a multisystem disorder caused by the hemizygous deletion of a 1.6 Mb region at 7q11.23 encompassing about 26 genes, including that encoding LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1). Individuals with Williams Syndrome manifest hyperacusis and progressive hearing loss, and hyperacusis early onset suggests that it could be associated with one of the deleted genes. Based on our results about the critical role of LIM kinases in the regulation of the motile responses of cochlear outer hair cells (OHC) and cochlear amplification, we propose here that a reduced expression of LIMK1 in OHC would be the major underlying cause of the hyperacusis and progressive hearing loss observed in patients with Williams Syndrome. Moreover, we propose a novel model of gain-control for cochlear amplification based on LIMK-mediated regulation of OHC's slow motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Matsumoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka, Japan
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Paglialonga A, Barozzi S, Brambilla D, Soi D, Cesarani A, Gagliardi C, Comiotto E, Spreafico E, Tognola G. Cochlear active mechanisms in young normal-hearing subjects affected by Williams syndrome: Time–frequency analysis of otoacoustic emissions. Hear Res 2011; 272:157-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2010.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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DPOAE in estimation of the function of the cochlea in tinnitus patients with normal hearing. Auris Nasus Larynx 2010; 37:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2009.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Revised: 04/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gallo FJ, Klein-Tasman BP, Gaffrey MS, Curran P. Expecting the worst: observations of reactivity to sound in young children with Williams syndrome. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2008; 29:567-581. [PMID: 18023141 PMCID: PMC2654609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2007.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2007] [Revised: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The study examined behavioral reactions to sound, including startle eye blinks, in young children with Williams syndrome (WS) using video-based observational techniques. Participants were 21 children with WS and 20 children with other developmental disabilities of mixed etiology between the ages of 2.5 and 6. Groups were matched for chronological age and developmental level. All children participated in a semi-structured play interaction including exposure to mild intensity sounds as emitted from conventional toys. Overall, 90% of the children in the WS group were observed to exhibit overt behavioral reactivity to mild intensity sounds, compared to only 20% in the mixed etiology group. Examination of the temporal sequence indicated that children with WS generally exhibited these behaviors before exposure to sound stimuli, suggesting a relation to anticipatory anxiety. Children with WS also exhibited significantly greater acoustic startle eye blinks, often viewed as an indication of heightened emotional state. Taken together, the current findings confirm the presence of heightened reactivity to sound in WS, behaviors previously investigated using parent report alone. The observed behaviors and their potential relation to anxiety are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Gallo
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
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Leyfer OT, Woodruff-Borden J, Klein-Tasman BP, Fricke JS, Mervis CB. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 4 to 16-year-olds with Williams syndrome. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2006; 141B:615-22. [PMID: 16823805 PMCID: PMC2561212 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of a range of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in a sample of 119 4-16-year-old children with Williams syndrome (WS) was assessed using a structured diagnostic interview with their parents. Most children (80.7%) met criteria for at least one DSM-IV diagnosis. The most prevalent diagnoses were Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; 64.7%) and Specific Phobia (53.8%). There was a significant shift in Predominant Type of ADHD as a function of CA, from Combined for the youngest group (ages 4-6 years) to Inattentive for the oldest group (ages 11-16 years). The prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) increased significantly with age. These findings are another step toward defining the behavioral phenotype of WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovsanna T Leyfer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA.
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Carrasco X, Castillo S, Aravena T, Rothhammer P, Aboitiz F. Williams syndrome: pediatric, neurologic, and cognitive development. Pediatr Neurol 2005; 32:166-72. [PMID: 15730896 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2004.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the developmental history of 32 Williams syndrome patients, positive to the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test. The information is intended to provide help for early diagnosis and appropriate stimulation of these patients. In the sample reported here, only about half of the patients referred with presumptive diagnosis were in fact FISH+, indicating that facial dysmorphism may not be the most reliable sign for diagnosis. Initial pediatric signs are developmental delay and nocturnal irritability. In consultation, facial dysmorphies and heart murmur are detected. There is also low birth weight, failure to thrive, unsuccessful breastfeeding, and gastroesophageal reflux. All these symptoms are strongly suggestive of Williams syndrome. Subsequent steps consist of cardiologic studies. Our results indicate that the triad of symptoms consisting of infantile hypercalcemia, dysmorphic facies, and supravalvular aortic stenosis, which until recently was considered fundamental for Williams syndrome diagnosis, is not usually present and does not lead to an early diagnosis. Cognitively, these children are characterized by hypersociability, hyperacusia, deficient visuoconstructive abilities, attentional deficit and hyperactivity, and in some cases, spontaneous musical interests. There are no special verbal skills. The results of this study indicate that the concept of Williams syndrome patients as language- and musically-gifted is not fully accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Carrasco
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile & Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de niños Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
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Marler JA, Elfenbein JL, Ryals BM, Urban Z, Netzloff ML. Sensorineural hearing loss in children and adults with Williams syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 138:318-27. [PMID: 16222677 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, most often accompanied by mild-to-moderate mental retardation. Individuals with WS show unique communication strengths and impairments that are challenging to treat in community, educational, and vocational settings. Many issues regarding characteristics of auditory sensitivity in WS remain to be resolved. Our purpose was to obtain behavioral (screening and pure-tone audiometry) and objective (distortion product otoacoustic emission-DPOAE) measures of auditory system function from a group of 27 individuals with WS, 6-48 years of age. These measures were gathered both at an international professional conference (n = 19) and in a clinic setting (n = 8). In the behavioral screening conditions, 16/19 (84%) of the individuals failed the hearing screening; and in the behavioral diagnostic hearing condition, 6/8 (75%) demonstrated sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 1/8 demonstrated a hearing loss of undetermined type. In the objective DPOAE testing, 19/25 (76%) had DPOAE absolute amplitudes below the 5th percentile for ears with normal hearing [Gorga et al. (1997); Ear Hear 18(6):440-455]. We report SNHL in 14/18 (78%) of school-age children with WS. Post hoc analyses revealed a significant effect for age, suggesting a pattern of progressive hearing loss. An effect size analysis indicated a clinically meaningful difference in the hearing sensitivity between school-aged children and adults in the high frequencies (4,000 and 8,000 Hz). Similar hearing loss phenotype was observed in patients with familial nonsyndromic supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS), suggesting that molecular defects in the elastin gene in the pathogenesis of SNHL in WS. This study highlights the importance of early and regular hearing testing for WS patients and suggests that elastin may have a previously unappreciated function in maintaining hearing sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Marler
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA.
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Cherniske EM, Carpenter TO, Klaiman C, Young E, Bregman J, Insogna K, Schultz RT, Pober BR. Multisystem study of 20 older adults with Williams syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 131:255-64. [PMID: 15534874 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To address the natural history of Williams syndrome (WS), we performed multisystem assessments on 20 adults with WS over 30 years of age and documented a high frequency of problems in multiple organ systems. The most striking and consistent findings were: abnormal body habitus; mild-moderate high frequency sensorineural hearing loss; cardiovascular disease and hypertension; gastrointestinal symptoms including diverticular disease; diabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance on standard oral glucose tolerance testing; subclinical hypothyroidism; decreased bone mineral density on DEXA scanning; and a high frequency of psychiatric symptoms, most notably anxiety, often requiring multimodal therapy. Review of brain MRI scans did not demonstrate consistent pathology. The adults in our cohort were not living independently and the vast majority were not competitively employed. Our preliminary findings raise concern about the occurrence of mild accelerated aging, which may additionally complicate the long-term natural history of older adults with WS. We provide monitoring guidelines to assist in the comprehensive care of adults with WS.
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Florian P, Amasheh S, Lessidrensky M, Todt I, Bloedow A, Ernst A, Fromm M, Gitter AH. Claudins in the tight junctions of stria vascularis marginal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 304:5-10. [PMID: 12705875 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the mammalian cochlea, tight junctional strands are visible on freeze fracture images of marginal cells and other inner ear epithelia. The molecular composition of the strial tight junctions is, however, largely unknown. We investigated the expression of integral tight junction-proteins, claudin-1 to -4, and occludin, in stria vascularis of the guinea-pig cochlea, as compared to kidney. Western blot analysis revealed a strong expression of claudin-4 and occludin in strial tissue, and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated their presence in the tight junctions of the marginal cells. In addition, a moderate level of claudin-3 and claudin-1 was detected and both were located in the marginal tight junctions. Claudins-1, -3, and -4 are characteristic of epithelia with low paracellular permeability and claudin-4 is known to restrict the passage of cations through epithelial tight junctions. In the marginal cells, these claudins appear to be responsible for the separation of the potassium-rich endolymph from the sodium-rich intrastrial fluid. In contrast, Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy demonstrated that the marginal cell epithelium does not contain claudin-2, which forms a cation-selective pore in tight junctions. Its absence indicates a cation-tight paracellular pathway in the marginal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Florian
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Benjamin Franklin University Hospital, Freie Universität Berlin, 12200, Berlin, Germany
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