1
|
Nawrocka A, Piwonski I, Nowak J, Sauro S, García-Esparza MA, Hardan L, Lukomska-Szymanska M. The Influence of Indirect Bonding Technique on Adhesion of Orthodontic Brackets and Post-Debonding Enamel Integrity-An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7202. [PMID: 38005131 PMCID: PMC10673226 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for orthodontic treatments due to the high prevalence of malocclusion has inspired clinicians and material scientists to investigate innovative, more effective, and precise bonding methods with reduced chairside time. This study aimed at comparing the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel using the indirect bonding technique (IDB). Victory Series metal brackets (Metal-OPC, Metal-APC) and Clarity™ Advanced ceramic brackets (Ceramic-OPC) (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) were bonded indirectly to extracted human premolars through the etch-and-rinse technique. A qualitative assessment of the enamel surface using microscopic methods was performed, and the amount of residual adhesive was reported as per the adhesive remnant index (ARI). Moreover, the bracket surface was evaluated with SEM-EDS. The highest SBS mean values were observed in the Ceramic-OPC group (16.33 ± 2.01 MPa), while the lowest ones were obtained with the Metal-OPC group (11.51 ± 1.40 MPa). The differences between the Metal-AOPC vs. Metal-APC groups (p = 0.0002) and the Metal-OPC vs. Ceramic-OPC groups (p = 0.0000) were statistically significant. Although the Ceramic-OPC brackets bonded indirectly to the enamel surface achieved the highest SBS, the enamel damage was significantly higher compared to that of the other groups. Thus, considering the relatively high bond SBS and favourable debonding pattern, Metal-APC brackets bonded indirectly may represent the best choice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nawrocka
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Piwonski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 163 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Nowak
- University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials, Preventive and Minimally Invasive Dentistry Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera C/Del Pozo ss/n, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - María Angeles García-Esparza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Elche, 03204 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut 1107 2180, Lebanon;
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jain M, Patel D. A new device for measuring orthodontic compressive bonding force; a novel bracket positioning gauge with a force sensor. APOS TRENDS IN ORTHODONTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.25259/apos_182_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives:
The optimum adhesive thickness present between bracket base and tooth surface plays an important role in achieving ideal treatment outcome in straight wire technique. As thickness of adhesive largely depends on amount of force applied while bonding an orthodontic brackets on the tooth surface. Therefore, it becomes prudent to find direct and accurate method to quantify the bonding force. The aim of this paper was to describe the design and working of novel bracket positioning gauge with force sensor which directly quantifies the amount of bonding force applied by orthodontists.
Material and Methods:
The present prototype is a bracket positioning gauge where load cell and vertical stopper blade are fixed on base platform. The force sensing blade attached to load cell detects the force applied and transmit to load cell which converts compressive force into an analogue signals. These inputs are then converted into digital signals for further processing. The prototype was tested five times by ten orthodontists for measuring bonding force while orthodontic brackets were bonded on extracted premolars. The same procedure was repeated after seven days to assess the reproducibility and reliability of prototype.
Results:
The majority of orthodontists participated in present study applied bonding force between the ranges of 50-200 grams with the mean bonding force applied by participant orthodontists was similar in time interval of seven days with 134.67 grams and 132.76 grams respectively.
Conclusion:
The novel bracket positioning gauge with force sensor was able to measure compressive bonding force accurately and can aid in achieving optimum adhesive thickness for clinically acceptable bond strength. The present innovation needs further refinements to be more useful in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Jain
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, AMC Dental College and Hospital, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India,
| | - Dolly Patel
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, AMC Dental College and Hospital, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park JH, Choi JY, Oh SH, Kim SH. Three-Dimensional Digital Superimposition of Orthodontic Bracket Position by Using a Computer-Aided Transfer Jig System: An Accuracy Analysis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:5911. [PMID: 34502801 PMCID: PMC8434098 DOI: 10.3390/s21175911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate bracket placement is essential for successful orthodontic treatment. An indirect bracket bonding system (IDBS) has been developed to ensure proper bracket positioning with three-dimensional computer-aided transfer jigs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of bracket positioning by a one-body transfer jig according to the tooth type and presence/absence of a resin base. In total, 506 teeth from 20 orthodontic patients were included in this study. After initial dental models were scanned, virtual setup and bracket positioning procedures were performed with 3D software. Transfer jigs and RP models were fabricated with a 3D printer, and brackets were bonded to the RP model with or without resin base fabrication. The best-fit method of 3D digital superimposition was used to evaluate the lineal and angular accuracy of the actual bracket position compared to a virtual bracket position. Although all the measurements showed significant differences in position, they were clinically acceptable. Regarding the tooth types, premolars and molars showed higher accuracy than anterior teeth. The presence or absence of a resin base did not consistently affect the accuracy. In conclusion, the proper application of IDBS should be performed considering the errors, and resin base fabrication might not be essential in ensuring high-accuracy IDBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Jin-Young Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Song Hee Oh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Seong-Hun Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.-H.P.); (J.-Y.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Goto S, Hasegawa Y, Miyagawa Y, Endo T. Effects of contact compressive force on bracket bond strength and adhesive thickness : Study using orthodontic resins with different viscosities. J Orofac Orthop 2019; 81:79-88. [PMID: 31853585 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-019-00202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effect of the contact compressive force to seat orthodontic brackets on shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive thickness using adhesive resins with different viscosities. METHODS A total of 184 premolars were divided equally into eight groups of 23. Transbond XT and Beauty Ortho Bond paste viscous self-etching adhesive systems were used with contact compressive forces of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 N (groups 1-4 and groups 5-8, respectively) via a push-pull tension gauge. SBS and adhesive thickness were measured in each adhesive system for each contact compressive force. RESULTS Significant differences existed in the SBSs between the adhesive systems for each contact compressive force and the SBSs were significantly higher in groups 1 (17 MPa) and 2 (16 MPa) than in groups 3 (14 MPa) and 4 (13 MPa). Significant differences existed for the adhesive thickness between the adhesive systems for the three contact compressive forces less than 3 N. The adhesive in group 1 (0.184 mm) was significantly thicker than that in groups 2-4 (from 0.098 to 0.129 mm). In groups 2 (0.129 mm) and 3 (0.121 mm) it was thicker than in group 4 (0.098 mm), and in group 5 (0.119 mm) it was thicker than in groups 6-8 (from 0.087 to 0.088 mm). CONCLUSIONS The high-viscosity adhesive Transbond XT exhibited higher SBSs than the low-viscosity Beauty Ortho Bond paste. For the adhesive Transbond XT, lower contact compressive forces produced greater adhesive thicknesses and higher SBSs. For the Beauty Ortho Bond paste, no significant changes in the adhesive thickness or SBS values were observed for contact compressive forces greater than 0.5 N.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Goto
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Growth and Development, Course of Clinical Science, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, 951-8580, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Yuh Hasegawa
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Growth and Development, Course of Clinical Science, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, 951-8580, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, 951-8580, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yukio Miyagawa
- The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, 951-8580, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiya Endo
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Growth and Development, Course of Clinical Science, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, 951-8580, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, 951-8580, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Akarsu S, Buyuk SK, Kucukekenci AS. Effects of adhesive systems at different temperatures on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2019; 13:103-108. [PMID: 31592305 PMCID: PMC6773916 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2019.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The temperature might affect the physical and mechanical properties of adhesive materials by reducing the polymerization rate. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperature on the shear bond strength of metallic orthodontic brackets using various adhesive resin systems.
Methods. Extracted human premolar teeth were randomly assigned to 8 groups (n=10) for bonding with the two available orthodontics adhesive systems (Transbond XT and NeoBond) at different temperatures: refrigeration temperature (4°C), room temperature (20°C), human body temperature (36°C) and high temperature (55°C). The shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was assigned to the fractured orthodontic brackets. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey tests and independent t-test.
Results. Transbond XT exhibited higher SBS values compared to Neobond at all the tested temperatures; however, a statistically significant difference was not observed (P>0.05). The SBS results were minimum at 4°C and maximum at 36°C in both the adhesive groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion. Pre-heating orthodontic adhesives up to the body temperature prior to bonding the brackets in orthodontic treatment increased the bond strength of orthodontic brackets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Akarsu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kanashiro LK, Robles-Ruíz JJ, Ciamponi AL, Medeiros IS, Tortamano A, Paiva JB. Influence of different methods of cleaning custom bases on the shear bond strength of indirectly bonded brackets. J Orthod 2014; 41:175-80. [PMID: 24526718 DOI: 10.1179/1465313313y.0000000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence on shear bond strength and bond failure location of four cleaning methods for orthodontic bracket custom bases. DESIGN In vitro laboratory study. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty bovine teeth were divided at random into four groups. The bracket custom bases were cleaned with different methods: group 1 with methyl methacrylate monomer, group 2 with acetone, group 3 with 50 μm aluminium oxide particles and group 4 with detergent. The brackets were indirectly bonded onto the teeth with the Sondhi Rapid-Set self-curing adhesive. The maximum required shear bond strength to debond the brackets was recorded. The bond failure location was evaluated using the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis (P<0·05) was used to detect significant differences in the bond strength. Kaplan-Meier survival plots and log-rank test were done to compare the survival distribution between the groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test (P<0·05) was used to evaluate the differences in the ARI scores. RESULTS The mean bond strengths in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 23·7±5·0, 25·3±5·1, 25·6±3·7 and 25·7±4·2 MPa, respectively. There were no significant statistically differences in either the bond strength or the ARI score between the groups. CONCLUSION The four custom base-cleaning methods presented the same efficiencies on indirect bond of the brackets; thus, practitioners can choose the method that works best for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lylian K Kanashiro
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Julissa J Robles-Ruíz
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana L Ciamponi
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor S Medeiros
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André Tortamano
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João B Paiva
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kohda N, Iijima M, Muguruma T, Brantley WA, Ahluwalia KS, Mizoguchi I. Effects of mechanical properties of thermoplastic materials on the initial force of thermoplastic appliances. Angle Orthod 2012; 83:476-83. [PMID: 23035832 DOI: 10.2319/052512-432.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the forces delivered by thermoplastic appliances made from three materials and investigate effects of mechanical properties, material thickness, and amount of activation on orthodontic forces. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three thermoplastic materials, Duran (Scheu Dental), Erkodur (Erkodent Erich Kopp GmbH), and Hardcast (Scheu Dental), with two different thicknesses were selected. Values of elastic modulus and hardness were obtained from nanoindentation measurements at 28°C. A custom-fabricated system with a force sensor was employed to obtain measurements of in vitro force delivered by the thermoplastic appliances for 0.5-mm and 1.0-mm activation for bodily tooth movement. Experimental results were subjected to several statistical analyses. RESULTS Hardcast had significantly lower elastic modulus and hardness than Duran and Erkodur, whose properties were not significantly different. Appliances fabricated from thicker material (0.75 mm or 0.8 mm) always produced significantly greater force than those fabricated from thinner material (0.4 mm or 0.5 mm). Appliances with 1.0-mm activation produced significantly lower force than those with 0.5-mm activation, except for 0.4-mm thick Hardcast appliances. A strong correlation was found between mechanical properties of the thermoplastic materials and force produced by the appliances. CONCLUSIONS Orthodontic forces delivered by thermoplastic appliances depend on the material, thickness, and amount of activation. Mechanical properties of the polymers obtained by nanoindentation testing are predictive of force delivery by these appliances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naohisa Kohda
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|