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Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Elsner P, Gonçalo M, Naldi L, Schuttelaar MLA, Svedman C, Svensson Å, Ofenloch R. Validation of questionnaire algorithm based on repeated open application testing with the constituents of fragrance mix II: the EDEN Fragrance Study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1692-1701. [PMID: 33914959 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a European study on contact allergy in the general population, it has been hypothesized that the combination of contact allergy to a fragrance together with a history indicating dermatitis at exposure and thereafter subsequent avoidance of scented products implied a diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study was to validate this hypothesis/algorithm. The secondary aim was to investigate whether there was any association between the outcome of the recent repeated open application test (ROAT) and the patch test reactivity. METHODS One hundred nine subjects with and without contact allergy to fragrance mix II (FM II) were recruited. Volunteers from six European dermatology clinics participated in the study including a patch test and a ROAT. RESULTS Twenty-four positive ROAT reactions were noted in total including 20 of those 32 with contact allergy to FM II. None of the volunteers reacted to the vehicle (P < 0.001). More individuals with a positive algorithm had positive ROATs when compared with those with a negative algorithm. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). The lower the patch test concentration eliciting a positive test reaction, the more likely was a positive ROAT and the more likely that the positive ROAT appeared early during the investigative period. CONCLUSIONS The algorithm used in this study was not validated but it was indicated in this ROAT setup. The stronger the patch test reactivity the more likely was a positive ROAT and the more likely it was that the positive ROAT appeared early during the application period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - P Elsner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - M Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - L Naldi
- Centro Studi GISED - FROM Presidio Ospedaliero Matteo Rota, Bergamo, Italy
| | - M L A Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Å Svensson
- Department of Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - R Ofenloch
- Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Avonto C, Chittiboyina AG, Khan SI, Dale OR, Parcher JF, Wang M, Khan IA. Are atranols the only skin sensitizers in oakmoss? A systematic investigation using non-animal methods. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 70:105053. [PMID: 33212168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Oakmoss and treemoss absolutes are the major natural extracts of concern as potential sources of skin sensitizers in cosmetics and personal care products (PCP). Two single constituents, atranol and chloroatranol, have been identified as primary culprits in both lichens, and industrial self-regulation has been proposed to limit their contents to less than 100 ppm. Nonetheless, evidence points to the presence of additional candidate skin sensitizers in these multicomponent extracts. These observations, along with a lack of data from non-animal alternative methods and the chemical variability of commercial absolutes, prompted further investigation of oakmoss absolute along with altranol-like compounds in these extracts. The major chemical constituents of a commercial sample were identified by two independent analytical techniques, GC-MS and HPLC-DAD-MS. The crude oakmoss extract and pure compounds were assayed with two in chemico methods (HTS-DCYA and DPRA) to gauge their chemical reactivity. Activation of inflammatory responses in vitro was also investigated by KeratinoSens™ and human cell line activation tests (h-CLAT). Based on weight of evidence, orcinol, ethyl orsellinate, and usnic acid were classified as candidate sensitizers, along with both atranols and oakmoss extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Avonto
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America.
| | - Amar G Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - Olivia R Dale
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - Jon F Parcher
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - Mei Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States of America
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3
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Chittiboyina AG, Wang M, Avonto C, Parcher JF, Khan IA. Chromatographic analyses and unambiguous identification of atranol‐like secondary metabolites in oakmoss absolute. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amar G. Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy The University of Mississippi, University MS USA
| | - Mei Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy The University of Mississippi, University MS USA
| | - Cristina Avonto
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy The University of Mississippi, University MS USA
| | - Jon F. Parcher
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy The University of Mississippi, University MS USA
| | - Ikhlas A. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research School of Pharmacy The University of Mississippi, University MS USA
- Divison of Pharmacognosy Department of BioMolecular Sciences School of Pharmacy The University of Mississippi, University MS USA
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4
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Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Ofenloch R, Elsner P, Goncalo M, Isaksson M, Naldi L, Schuttelaar M, Svensson Å, Diepgen T. Validation of a questionnaire algorithm based on repeated open application testing with the constituents of fragrance mix I. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:955-964. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - M. Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - R. Ofenloch
- Department of Clinical Social Medicine University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - P. Elsner
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Jena Jena Germany
| | - M. Goncalo
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - M. Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - L. Naldi
- Centro Studi GISED – FROM Presidio Ospedaliero Matteo Rota Bergamo Italy
| | - M.‐L. Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Å. Svensson
- Department of Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - T. Diepgen
- Department of Clinical Social Medicine University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
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Bruze M, Mowitz M, Ofenloch R, Coenraads P, Diepgen TL, Elsner P, Gonçalo M, Naldi L, Svensson Å. The significance of batch and patch test method in establishing contact allergy to fragrance mix I—EDEN Fragrance Study Group. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 81:104-109. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Martin Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Robert Ofenloch
- Department of Social MedicineOccupational and Environmental Dermatology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Pieter‐Jan Coenraads
- Department of Dermatology, University of GroningenUniversity Medical Centre Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L. Diepgen
- Department of Social MedicineOccupational and Environmental Dermatology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Elsner
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Jena Jena Germany
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Clinic of DermatologyUniversity Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Luigi Naldi
- Department of Dermatology, Azienda Ospedaliera papa Giovanni XXIII, BergamoCentro Studi GISED—FROM Presidio Ospedaliero Matteo Rota Bergamo Italy
| | - Åke Svensson
- Department of DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
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Mowitz M, Svedman C, Zimerson E, Isaksson M, Pontén A, Bruze M. Simultaneous patch testing with fragrance mix I, fragrance mix II and their ingredients in southern Sweden between 2009 and 2015. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:280-287. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mowitz
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Erik Zimerson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Ann Pontén
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
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7
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Natsch A, Emter R. Reaction Chemistry to Characterize the Molecular Initiating Event in Skin Sensitization: A Journey to Be Continued. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 30:315-331. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Natsch
- Biosciences, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roger Emter
- Biosciences, Givaudan Schweiz AG, Ueberlandstrasse 138, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
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8
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Boeye G, Gismera MJ, Sevilla MT, Procopio JR. Selective Method Based on Electrochemical Detection Coupled HPLC for Determination of the Allergens Atranol and Chloroatranol. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Griet Boeye
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; Avda. Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7. E-28049 Madrid Spain
| | - María Jesús Gismera
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; Avda. Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7. E-28049 Madrid Spain
| | - María Teresa Sevilla
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; Avda. Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7. E-28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Jesús R. Procopio
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.; Avda. Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7. E-28049 Madrid Spain
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Andersen F, Andersen KH, Bernois A, Brault C, Bruze M, Eudes H, Gadras C, Signoret ACJ, Mose KF, Müller BP, Toulemonde B, Andersen KE. Reduced content of chloroatranol and atranol in oak moss absolute significantly reduces the elicitation potential of this fragrance material. Contact Dermatitis 2014; 72:75-83. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Flemming Andersen
- Department of Dermatology and the Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital; Sdr. Boulevard 29 5000 Odense C Denmark
- Dermatological Investigations Scandinavia; J. B. Winsløwparken 9 5000 Odense C Denmark
| | - Kirsten H. Andersen
- Department of Dermatology and the Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital; Sdr. Boulevard 29 5000 Odense C Denmark
- Dermatological Investigations Scandinavia; J. B. Winsløwparken 9 5000 Odense C Denmark
| | - Armand Bernois
- LVMH Recherche; Avenue de Verdun 185 45800 Saint Jean de Braye France
| | - Christophe Brault
- LVMH Recherche; Avenue de Verdun 185 45800 Saint Jean de Braye France
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; Södra Förstadsgatan 101 214 28 Malmö Sweden
| | - Hervé Eudes
- Biolandes; Route de Bélis 40420 Le Sen France
| | | | | | - Kristian F. Mose
- Department of Dermatology and the Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital; Sdr. Boulevard 29 5000 Odense C Denmark
- Dermatological Investigations Scandinavia; J. B. Winsløwparken 9 5000 Odense C Denmark
| | | | - Bernard Toulemonde
- International Flavors & Fragrances; Parc Industriel Les Bois de Grasse 06130 Grasse France
| | - Klaus Ejner Andersen
- Department of Dermatology and the Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital; Sdr. Boulevard 29 5000 Odense C Denmark
- Dermatological Investigations Scandinavia; J. B. Winsløwparken 9 5000 Odense C Denmark
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