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Sarchet JJ, Pollreisz JP, Bechtol DT, Blanding MR, Saltman RL, Taube PC. Limitations of bacterial culture, viral PCR, and tulathromycin susceptibility from upper respiratory tract samples in predicting clinical outcome of tulathromycin control or treatment of bovine respiratory disease in high-risk feeder heifers. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0247213. [PMID: 35143504 PMCID: PMC8830659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional prospective cohort study including 1026 heifers administered tulathromycin due to high risk of clinical signs of bovine respiratory disease (BRD), measured poor association between BRD clinical outcomes and results of bacterial culture and tulathromycin susceptibility from BRD isolates of deep nasopharyngeal swabs (DNS) and adequate association with viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results from nasal swabs. Isolation rates from DNS collected on day-0 and at 1st BRD-treatment respectively were: Mannheimia haemolytica (10.9% & 34.1%); Pasteurella multocida (10.4% & 7.4%); Mycoplasma bovis (1.0% & 36.6%); and Histophilus somni (0.7% & 6.3%). Prevalence of BRD viral nucleic acid on nasal swabs collected exclusively at 1st BRD-treatment were: bovine parainfluenza virus type-3 (bPIV-3) 34.1%; bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 26.3%; bovine herpes virus type-1 (BHV-1) 10.8%; and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) 54.1%. Increased relative risk, at 95% confidence intervals, of 1st BRD-treatment failure was associated with positive viral PCR results: BVDV 1.39 (1.17-1.66), bPIV-3 1.26 (1.06-1.51), BHV-1 1.52 (1.25-1.83), and BRSV 1.35 (1.11-1.63) from nasal swabs collected at 1st BRD-treatment and culture of M. haemolytica 1.23 (1.00-1.51) from DNS collected at day-0. However, in this population of high-risk feeder heifers, the predictive values of susceptible and resistant isolates had inadequate association with BRD clinical outcome. These results indicate, that using tulathromycin susceptibility testing of isolates of M. haemolytica or P. multocida from DNS collected on arrival or at 1st BRD-treatment to evaluate tulathromycin clinical efficacy, is unreliable.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
- Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex/drug therapy
- Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex/microbiology
- Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex/pathology
- Cattle
- Cattle Diseases/drug therapy
- Cattle Diseases/microbiology
- Cattle Diseases/pathology
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- DNA, Viral/metabolism
- Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral/drug effects
- Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral/genetics
- Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral/isolation & purification
- Disaccharides/pharmacology
- Disaccharides/therapeutic use
- Herpesvirus 1, Bovine/drug effects
- Herpesvirus 1, Bovine/genetics
- Herpesvirus 1, Bovine/isolation & purification
- Heterocyclic Compounds/pharmacology
- Heterocyclic Compounds/therapeutic use
- Mannheimia haemolytica/drug effects
- Mannheimia haemolytica/isolation & purification
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Nasopharynx/microbiology
- Nasopharynx/virology
- Pasteurella multocida/drug effects
- Pasteurella multocida/isolation & purification
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Prospective Studies
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/drug effects
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/genetics
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/isolation & purification
- Risk Factors
- Treatment Failure
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J. Sarchet
- Zoetis, Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Roger L. Saltman
- Zoetis, Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Patrick C. Taube
- Zoetis, Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey, United States of America
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2
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Betlach AM, Baumert D, Utrera V, Galina Pantoja L, Pieters M. Effect of antibiotic treatment on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection and infectious potential. Vet Microbiol 2021; 262:109222. [PMID: 34544009 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) causes significant economic losses in the swine industry. Antibiotics with activity against Mycoplasma spp. are employed for disease mitigation and pathogen elimination. However, veterinarians are often challenged with the detection of M. hyopneumoniae by PCR after antibiotic treatment, thus raising the question whether the bacterium is still infectious. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tulathromycin treatment on M. hyopneumoniae detection and infectious potential during the acute and chronic phases of infection. For each infection phase, one age-matched naïve gilt was placed in contact with one M. hyopneumoniae infected gilt that was either treated with tulathromycin, treated and vaccinated, or non-treated, for 14 days. Four replicates per treatment group were performed for each infection phase. A numerical reduction in relative bacterial load was observed in acutely treated gilts compared to non-treated gilts. The rate at which naïve gilts became infected with M. hyopneumoniae was numerically reduced when co-housed with treated, acutely infected gilts compared to those housed with non-treated, infected gilts. During the chronic infection phase, M. hyopneumoniae was detected by PCR in more than 50 % of treated infected gilts and persisted for up to three months post-treatment. Transmission was not detected in all treatment groups however, the possibility that the pathogen was infectious could not be completely ruled out. Further research focused on assessing M. hyopneumoniae detection and viability post-treatment is necessary to guide control and elimination efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Betlach
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Swine Vet Center, St. Peter, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Maria Pieters
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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De Koster J, Tena JK, Stegemann MR. Treatment of bovine respiratory disease with a single administration of tulathromycin and ketoprofen. Vet Rec 2021; 190:e834. [PMID: 34476817 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic strategy of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) often involves a combination of an antibiotic with an anti-inflammatory agent. Aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of a new combination product containing tulathromycin and ketoprofen for the treatment of naturally occurring BRD. METHODS Two hundred and eighty animals were randomized upon diagnosis of BRD. One hundred forty animals each were treated once subcutaneously with tulathromycin-ketoprofen or tulathromycin. Rectal temperature of each animal was measured at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 h post-treatment. Individual respiration and depression scores were determined at 6 h post-treatment. Daily rectal temperature, respiration and depression scores were recorded from day 2 to 14 and on day 21. RESULTS The tulathromycin-ketoprofen and tulathromycin treatment group demonstrated a treatment success rate of 94.2% and 95.0%, respectively and a relapse rate of 3.8% and 4.0%, respectively. Tulathromycin-ketoprofen demonstrated superior pyrexia control compared to tulathromycin within the first 24 h following treatment. Tulathromycin-ketoprofen-treated animals demonstrated faster improvement of their clinical symptoms (respiration and depression score). CONCLUSION Efficacy of tulathromycin-ketoprofen for the treatment of BRD was non-inferior to tulathromycin. The combination product clearly exhibited more pronounced fever control than tulathromycin which is considered beneficial for animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenne De Koster
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Zaventem, Belgium
| | - Jezaniah-Kira Tena
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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Desmonts de Lamache D, Moges R, Siddiq A, Allain T, Feener TD, Muench GP, McKenna N, Yates RM, Buret AG. Immuno-modulating properties of Tulathromycin in porcine monocyte-derived macrophages infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221560. [PMID: 31442273 PMCID: PMC6707645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that grows in macrophages and causes acute pneumonia in pigs. PRRSV causes devastating losses to the porcine industry. However, due to its high antigenic variability and poorly understood immunopathogenesis, there is currently no effective vaccine or treatment to control PRRSV infection. The common occurrence of PRRSV infection with bacterial infections as well as its inflammatory-driven pathobiology raises the question of the value of antibiotics with immunomodulating properties for the treatment of the disease it causes. The macrolide antibiotic Tulathromycin (TUL) has been found to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties in cattle and pigs. The aim of this study was to characterize the anti-viral and immunomodulating properties of TUL in PRRSV-infected porcine macrophages. Our findings indicate that blood monocyte-derived macrophages are readily infected by PRRSV and can be used as an effective cellular model to study PRRSV pathogenesis. TUL did not change intracellular or extracellular viral titers, not did it alter viral receptors (CD163 and CD169) expression on porcine macrophages. In contrast, TUL exhibited potent immunomodulating properties, which therefore occurred in the absence of any direct antiviral effects against PRRSV. TUL had an additive effect with PRRSV on the induction of macrophage apoptosis, and inhibited virus-induced necrosis. TUL significantly attenuated PRRSV-induced macrophage pro-inflammatory signaling (CXCL-8 and mitochondrial ROS production) and prevented PRRSV inhibition of non-opsonized and opsonized phagocytic function. Together, these data demonstrate that TUL inhibits PRRSV-induced inflammatory responses in porcine macrophages and protects against the phagocytic impairment caused by the virus. Research in live pigs is warranted to assess the potential clinical benefits of this antibiotic in the context of virally induced inflammation and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Moges
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A. Siddiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T. Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T. D. Feener
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - G. P. Muench
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N. McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - R. M. Yates
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A. G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Pomorska-Mól M, Kwit K, Czyżewska-Dors E, Pejsak Z. Tulathromycin enhances humoral but not cellular immune response in pigs vaccinated against swine influenza. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 42:318-323. [PMID: 30585339 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a standard, single dose therapy with tulathromycin was investigated on the postvaccinal humoral and cellular immune response in pigs vaccinated against swine influenza. Forty-five pigs, divided into 3 groups, were used (control not vaccinated (C, n = 15), control vaccinated (CV, n = 15), and experimentally received tulathromycin (TUL, n = 15)). For vaccination of pigs, an inactivated, commercial vaccine was used. Pigs from TUL group received single dose of tulathromycin intramuscularly, at the recommended dose (2.5 mg/kg body weight). Pigs from TUL and CV groups were vaccinated at 8 and 10 weeks of age. The specific humoral and cellular immune response against swine influenza virus (SIV) was evaluated. The results of present study showed that humoral postvaccinal response after vaccination against SIV can be modulated by treatment with tulathromycin. In pigs from TUL group, the significantly higher titers of anti-SIV-specific antibodies were observed 4 and 6 weeks after booster dose of vaccine. Simultaneously, T-cell-mediated immune response against SIV was not affected by tulathromycin. Our recent study confirmed the importance of defining the modulatory activity of tulathromycin because of its influence on the immune response to vaccines. Since the antibodies against hemagglutinin are crucial for the protection against SIV, the present observations should prompt further studies on the practical significance of recent results in terms of clinical implications (postvaccinal protection) in the field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Pomorska-Mól
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kwit
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | | | - Zygmunt Pejsak
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU -AU, Krakow, Poland
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6
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Anderson SJ, Lockhart JS, Estaki M, Quin C, Hirota SA, Alston L, Buret AG, Hancock TM, Petri B, Gibson DL, Morck DW. Effects of Azithromycin on Behavior, Pathologic Signs, and Changes in Cytokines, Chemokines, and Neutrophil Migration in C57BL/6 Mice Exposed to Dextran Sulfate Sodium. Comp Med 2018; 69:4-15. [PMID: 30545428 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-18-000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Here we characterized the murine dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of acute colitis. Specifically, we evaluated azithromycin and metronidazole treatment regimens to assess their effects on animal wellbeing, pathologic changes, barrier function, cytokine and chemokine profiles, and neutrophil migration in colon tissue. Azithromycin treatment significantly reduced the severity of colitis, as assessed through body weight change, water consumption, macroscopic lesions, and animal behaviors (activity level, climbing, and grooming), but did not alter food consumption or feeding behavior. Mucosal barrier function (evaluated by using FITC-labeled dextran) was decreased after DSS exposure; azithromycin did not significantly alter barrier function in mice with colitis, whereas metronidazole exacerbated the colitis-related deficit in barrier function. In addition, metronidazole appeared to exacerbate disease as assessed through water consumption and animal behaviors (overall activity, climbing, grooming, and drinking) but had no effect on weight loss, macroscopic lesions, or eating behavior. Pathologic changes were typical for DSS treatment. Antibiotic treatment resulted in reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and decreased neutrophil adhesion and emigration in DSS-exposed mice. The results highlight the importance of clinical and behavioral assessments in addition to laboratory evaluation as tools to evaluate animal welfare and therapeutic efficacy in disease models. Data from this study suggest that azithromycin may convey some benefits in the mouse DSS colitis model through modulation of the immune response, including neutrophil migration into tissues, whereas metronidazole may exacerbate colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie J Anderson
- Animal Health Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joey S Lockhart
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mehrbod Estaki
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Candice Quin
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Laurie Alston
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andre G Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Trina M Hancock
- Animal Health Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Björn Petri
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Mouse Phenomics Resource Laboratory, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deanna L Gibson
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Douglas W Morck
- Animal Health Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;,
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7
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Moges R, De Lamache DD, Sajedy S, Renaux BS, Hollenberg MD, Muench G, Abbott EM, Buret AG. Anti-Inflammatory Benefits of Antibiotics: Tylvalosin Induces Apoptosis of Porcine Neutrophils and Macrophages, Promotes Efferocytosis, and Inhibits Pro-Inflammatory CXCL-8, IL1α, and LTB 4 Production, While Inducing the Release of Pro-Resolving Lipoxin A 4 and Resolvin D1. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:57. [PMID: 29696149 PMCID: PMC5905233 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of neutrophils and their uncontrolled death by necrosis at the site of inflammation exacerbates inflammatory responses and leads to self-amplifying tissue injury and loss of organ function, as exemplified in a variety of respiratory diseases. In homeostasis, neutrophils are inactivated by apoptosis, and non phlogistically removed by neighboring macrophages in a process known as efferocytosis, which promotes the resolution of inflammation. The present study assessed the potential anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution benefits of tylvalosin, a recently developed broad-spectrum veterinary macrolide derived from tylosin. Recent findings indicate that tylvalosin may modulate inflammation by suppressing NF-κB activation. Neutrophils and monocyte-derived macrophages were isolated from fresh blood samples obtained from 12- to 22-week-old pigs. Leukocytes exposed to vehicle or to tylvalosin (0.1, 1.0, or 10 µg/mL; 0.096-9.6 µM) were assessed at various time points for apoptosis, necrosis, efferocytosis, and changes in the production of cytokines and lipid mediators. The findings indicate that tylvalosin increases porcine neutrophil and macrophage apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, without altering levels of necrosis or reactive oxygen species production. Importantly, tylvalosin increased the release of pro-resolving Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) and Resolvin D1 (RvD 1 ) while inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in Ca2+ ionophore-stimulated porcine neutrophils. Tylvalosin increased neutrophil phospholipase C activity, an enzyme involved in releasing arachidonic acid from membrane stores. Tylvalosin also inhibited pro-inflammatory chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 (CXCL-8, also known as Interleukin-8) and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) protein secretion in bacterial lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Together, these data illustrate that tylvalosin has potent immunomodulatory effects in porcine leukocytes in addition to its antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Moges
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dimitri Desmonts De Lamache
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Saman Sajedy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bernard S Renaux
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gregory Muench
- University of Calgary Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Andre G Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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8
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Czyżewska-Dors E, Kwit K, Pejsak Z, Pomorska-Mól M. Changes in circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in pigs receiving therapeutic doses of ceftiofur and tulathromycin. J Vet Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2016-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of administration of therapeutic doses of ceftiofur and tulathromycin on the circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy pigs. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on thirty healthy 7- to 10-week-old pigs, assigned to three groups: the TUL group, injected with tulathromycin (n = 10); the CEF group, injected with ceftiofur (n = 10); and the C group, the control with no antibiotic administration (n = 10). Blood samples were collected before, during, and after treatment with antimicrobials. Lymphocyte subpopulations circulating in the blood were determined by immunostaining and flow cytometry analyses. Results: Following administration of a therapeutic dose of tulathromycin, there were no changes in the lymphocyte subpopulations circulating in blood. In contrast, administration of ceftiofur at the recommended dose decreased the absolute number of CD3+, CD21+, CD4+CD8-, CD4-CD8+, and double positive CD4CD8 cells. Conclusion: Results from the study indicate that ceftiofur possesses the ability to modulate the immune system in healthy pigs by decreasing lymphocyte subpopulations circulating in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Czyżewska-Dors
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kwit
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Zygmunt Pejsak
- Department of Swine Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
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9
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DeDonder KD, Harhay DM, Apley MD, Lubbers BV, Clawson ML, Schuller G, Harhay GP, White BJ, Larson RL, Capik SF, Riviere JE, Kalbfleisch T, Tessman RK. Observations on macrolide resistance and susceptibility testing performance in field isolates collected from clinical bovine respiratory disease cases. Vet Microbiol 2016; 192:186-193. [PMID: 27527782 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were; first, to describe gamithromycin susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni isolated from cattle diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and previously treated with either gamithromycin for control of BRD (mass medication=MM) or sham-saline injected (control=CON); second, to describe the macrolide resistance genes present in genetically typed M. haemolytica isolates; third, use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to correlate the phenotypic resistance and genetic determinants for resistance among M. haemolytica isolates. M. haemolytica (n=276), P. multocida (n=253), and H. somni (n=78) were isolated from feedlot cattle diagnosed with BRD. Gamithromycin susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution. Whole-genome sequencing was utilized to determine the presence/absence of macrolide resistance genes and to genetically type M. haemolytica. Generalized linear mixed models were built for analysis. There was not a significant difference between MM and CON groups in regards to the likelihood of culturing a resistant isolate of M. haemolytica or P. multocida. The likelihood of culturing a resistant isolate of M. haemolytica differed significantly by state of origin in this study. A single M. haemolytica genetic subtype was associated with an over whelming majority of the observed resistance. H. somni isolation counts were low and statistical models would not converge. Phenotypic resistance was predicted with high sensitivity and specificity by WGS. Additional studies to elucidate the relationships between phenotypic expression of resistance/genetic determinants for resistance and clinical response to antimicrobials are necessary to inform judicious use of antimicrobials in the context of relieving animal disease and suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith D DeDonder
- Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States.
| | - Dayna M Harhay
- USDA ARS US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
| | - Michael D Apley
- Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Brian V Lubbers
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Michael L Clawson
- USDA ARS US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
| | - Gennie Schuller
- USDA ARS US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
| | - Gregory P Harhay
- USDA ARS US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, United States
| | - Brad J White
- Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Robert L Larson
- Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Sarah F Capik
- Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Ted Kalbfleisch
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ronald K Tessman
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Merial, Duluth, GA, United States
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10
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DeDonder KD, Apley MD, Li M, Gehring R, Harhay DM, Lubbers BV, White BJ, Capik SF, KuKanich B, Riviere JE, Tessman RK. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gamithromycin in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid in naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease in multisource commingled feedlot cattle. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2015; 39:157-66. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. D. DeDonder
- Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - M. D. Apley
- Clinical Sciences; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - M. Li
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - R. Gehring
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - D. M. Harhay
- USDA ARS US Meat Animal Research Center; Clay Center NE USA
| | - B. V. Lubbers
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - B. J. White
- Clinical Sciences; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - S. F. Capik
- Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - B. KuKanich
- Anatomy and Physiology; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - J. E. Riviere
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine; Manhattan KS USA
| | - R. K. Tessman
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development; Merial; Duluth GA USA
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