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Kuwada N, Fujii Y, Nakatani T, Ousaka D, Tsuji T, Imai Y, Kobayashi Y, Oozawa S, Kasahara S, Tanemoto K. Diamond-like carbon coating to inner surface of polyurethane tube reduces Staphylococcus aureus bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. J Artif Organs 2024; 27:108-116. [PMID: 37227545 PMCID: PMC11126441 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-023-01403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main causative bacteria for polyurethane catheter and artificial graft infection. Recently, we developed a unique technique for coating diamond-like carbon (DLC) inside the luminal resin structure of polyurethane tubes. This study aimed to elucidate the infection-preventing effects of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on a polyurethane surface against S. aureus. We applied DLC to polyurethane tubes and rolled polyurethane sheets with our newly developed DLC coating technique for resin tubes. The DLC-coated and uncoated polyurethane surfaces were tested in smoothness, hydrophilicity, zeta-potential, and anti-bacterial properties against S. aureus (biofilm formation and bacterial attachment) by contact with bacterial fluids under static and flow conditions. The DLC-coated polyurethane surface was significantly smoother, more hydrophilic, and had a more negative zeta-potential than did the uncoated polyurethane surface. Upon exposure to bacterial fluid under both static and flow conditions, DLC-coated polyurethane exhibited significantly less biofilm formation than uncoated polyurethane, based on absorbance measurements. In addition, the adherence of S. aureus was significantly lower for DLC-coated polyurethane than for uncoated polyurethane under both conditions, based on scanning electron microscopy. These results show that applying DLC coating to the luminal resin of polyurethane tubes may impart antimicrobial effects against S. aureus to implantable medical polyurethane devices, such as vascular grafts and central venous catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Kuwada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki-City, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujii
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama-City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Tatsuyuki Nakatani
- Institute of Frontier Science and Technology, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama-City, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daiki Ousaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama-City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Tsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama-City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuichi Imai
- Institute of Frontier Science and Technology, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama-City, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kobayashi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Susumu Oozawa
- Division of Medical Safety Management, Safety Management Facility, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama-City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shingo Kasahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama-City, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tanemoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki-City, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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Goyama T, Fujii Y, Muraoka G, Nakatani T, Ousaka D, Imai Y, Kuwada N, Tsuji T, Shuku T, Uchida HA, Nishibori M, Oozawa S, Kasahara S. Comprehensive hemocompatibility analysis on the application of diamond-like carbon to ePTFE artificial vascular prosthesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8386. [PMID: 37225824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain comprehensive data regarding the hemocompatibility of diamond-like carbon (DLC)-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). DLC increased the hydrophilicity and smoothened the surface and fibrillar structure, respectively, of the ePTFE. DLC-coated ePTFE had more albumin and fibrinogen adsorption and less platelet adhesion than uncoated ePTFE. There were scarce red cell attachments in in vitro human and in vivo animal (rat and swine) whole blood contact tests in both DLC-coated and uncoated ePTFE. DLC-coated ePTFE had a similar but marginally thicker band movement than uncoated-ePTFE with SDS-PAGE after human whole blood contact test. In addition, survival studies of aortic graft replacement in rats (1.5 mm graft) and arteriovenous shunt in goats (4 mm graft) were performed to compare the patency and clot formation between DLC-coated and uncoated ePTFE grafts. Comparable patency was observed in both animal models. However, clots were observed in the luminal surface of the patent 1.5 mm DLC-coated ePTFE grafts, but not in that of uncoated ePTFE grafts. In conclusions, hemocompatibility of DLC-coated ePTFE was high and comparable to that of uncoated ePTFE. However, it failed to improve the hemocompatibility of 1.5 mm ePTFE graft probably because increased fibrinogen adsorption canceled the other beneficial effects of DLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Goyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujii
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Genya Muraoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Nakatani
- Institute of Frontier Science and Technology, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Daiki Ousaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuichi Imai
- Institute of Frontier Science and Technology, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridai-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kuwada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kawasaki Medical Hospital, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Tsuji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shuku
- Department of Civil Engineering, Okayama University Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, 3-1-1 Tsushima naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Haruhito A Uchida
- Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Translational Research and Drug Development, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Susumu Oozawa
- Division of Medical Safety Management, Safety Management Facility, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shingo Kasahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Vesel A, Zaplotnik R, Primc G, Mozetič M, Katan T, Kargl R, Mohan T, Kleinschek KS. Rapid Functionalization of Polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) Surfaces with Nitrogen Functional Groups. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4301. [PMID: 34960856 PMCID: PMC8708819 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biocompatibility of body implants made from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is inadequate; therefore, the surface should be grafted with biocompatible molecules. Because PTFE is an inert polymer, the adhesion of the biocompatible film may not be appropriate. Therefore, the PFTE surface should be modified to enable better adhesion, preferably by functionalization with amino groups. A two-step process for functionalization of PTFE surface is described. The first step employs inductively coupled hydrogen plasma in the H-mode and the second ammonia plasma. The evolution of functional groups upon treatment with ammonia plasma in different modes is presented. The surface is saturated with nitrogen groups within a second if ammonia plasma is sustained in the H-mode at the pressure of 35 Pa and forward power of 200 W. The nitrogen-rich surface film persists for several seconds, while prolonged treatment causes etching. The etching is suppressed but not eliminated using pulsed ammonia plasma at 35 Pa and 200 W. Ammonia plasma in the E-mode at the same pressure, but forward power of 25 W, causes more gradual functionalization and etching was not observed even at prolonged treatments up to 100 s. Detailed investigation of the XPS spectra enabled revealing the surface kinetics for all three cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Vesel
- Department of Surface Engineering, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.Z.); (G.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Rok Zaplotnik
- Department of Surface Engineering, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.Z.); (G.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Gregor Primc
- Department of Surface Engineering, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.Z.); (G.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Miran Mozetič
- Department of Surface Engineering, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.Z.); (G.P.); (M.M.)
| | - Tadeja Katan
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (T.K.); (R.K.); (T.M.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Rupert Kargl
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (T.K.); (R.K.); (T.M.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Tamilselvan Mohan
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (T.K.); (R.K.); (T.M.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Karin Stana Kleinschek
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Biobased Systems, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria; (T.K.); (R.K.); (T.M.); (K.S.K.)
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Watari S, Wada K, Araki M, Sadahira T, Ousaka D, Oozawa S, Nakatani T, Imai Y, Kato J, Kariyama R, Watanabe T, Nasu Y. Intraluminal diamond-like carbon coating with anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm effects for uropathogens: A novel technology applicable to urinary catheters. Int J Urol 2021; 28:1282-1289. [PMID: 34482564 PMCID: PMC9290946 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To examine anti‐adhesion and anti‐biofilm effects of a diamond‐like carbon coating deposited via a novel technique on the inner surface of a thin silicon tube. Methods Diamond‐like carbon coatings were deposited into the lumen of a silicon tube with inner diameters of 2 mm. The surface of the diamond‐like carbon was evaluated using physicochemical methods. We used three clinical isolates including green fluorescent protein‐expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We employed a continuous flow system for evaluation of both bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Bacterial adhesion assays consisted of counting the number of colony‐forming units and visualization of adhered bacterial cells by scanning electron microscope to evaluate the diamond‐like carbon‐coated/uncoated samples. The biofilm structure was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy on days 3, 5, 7 and 14 for green fluorescent protein‐expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results The smooth and carbon‐rich structure of the intraluminal diamond‐like carbon film remained unchanged after the experiments. The numbers of colony‐forming units suggested lower adherence of green fluorescent protein‐expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli in the diamond‐like carbon‐coated samples compared with the uncoated samples. The scanning electron microscope images showed adhered green fluorescent protein‐expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells without formation of microcolonies on the diamond‐like carbon‐coated samples. Finally, biofilm formation on the diamond‐like carbon‐coated samples was lower until at least day 14 compared with the uncoated samples. Conclusions Intraluminal diamond‐like carbon coating on a silicone tube has anti‐adhesion and anti‐biofilm effects. This technology can be applied to urinary catheters made from various materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daiki Ousaka
- Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Susumu Oozawa
- Division of Clinical Safety Management, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Nakatani
- Institute of Frontier Science and Technology, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Junichi Kato
- Unit of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
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