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Li L, Li Y, Zou H. A novel role for apatinib in enhancing radiosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer cells by suppressing the AKT and ERK pathways. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12356. [PMID: 34760374 PMCID: PMC8557687 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radioresistance is still the major cause of radiotherapy failure and poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Apatinib (AP) is a highly selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Whether and how AP affects radiosensitivity in NSCLC remains unknown. The present study aimed to explore the radiosensitization effect of AP in NSCLC and its underlying mechanism as a radiosensitizer. Methods The NSCLC cell lines A549 and LK2 were treated with AP, ionizing radiation (IR), or both AP and IR. Expression of VEGFR2 was analyzed by western blot and RT-PCR. Cell proliferation was measured using CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution in NSCLC cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Nuclear phosphorylated histone H2AX foci immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination treatment. Western blot was used to explore the potential mechanisms of action. Results AP inhibited cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that AP significantly increased radiation-induced apoptosis. Colony formation assays revealed that AP enhanced the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells. AP strongly restored radiosensitivity by increasing IR-induced G2/M phase arrest. AP effectively inhibited repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks. Western blot analysis showed that AP enhanced radiosensitivity by downregulating AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Conclusion Our findings suggest that AP may enhance radiosensitivity in NSCLC cells by blocking AKT and ERK signaling. Therefore, AP may be a potential clinical radiotherapy synergist and a novel small-molecule radiosensitizer in NSCLC. Our study fills a gap in the field of anti-angiogenic drugs and radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- The First Oncology Department, The Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuexian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huawei Zou
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Personeni N, Smiroldo V, Giunta EF, Prete MG, Rimassa L, Bregni G, Sclafani F. Tackling Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4506. [PMID: 34572729 PMCID: PMC8472765 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial improvements have characterized the systemic treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) over the past 20 years. Besides strong evidence that supports the use of RAS and BRAF status as prognostic and predictive indicators of disease and response, novel technologies have made possible the incorporation of emerging biomarkers for the management of mCRC. On one hand, the discovery of point mutations, amplifications, fusions, and gene expression profiles highlights the genomic and dynamic complexity of CRC. On the other, such discoveries are leading to newer biomarker-driven strategies that add to existing anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anti-angiogenic approaches. In addition, the availability of a wide molecular profiling has relevant implications for patient prognosis and treatment benefits. Here, we will review the molecular underpinnings and clinical data supporting novel targeted treatments under development for refractory mCRC harboring BRAF mutations, KRAS G12C mutations, HER2 amplification, and less common molecular alterations, such as the re-arrangements of NTRK, ALK, and ROS1. Additionally, we will discuss novel strategies driving the rechallenge of EGFR antibodies and the incorporation of newer anti-angiogenic agents in the therapeutic armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Personeni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Milan, Italy; (N.P.); (M.G.P.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Valeria Smiroldo
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Emilio Francesco Giunta
- Medical Oncology Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Giuseppina Prete
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Milan, Italy; (N.P.); (M.G.P.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Milan, Italy; (N.P.); (M.G.P.)
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Bregni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet–Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard de Waterloo 121, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium; (G.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesco Sclafani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet–Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard de Waterloo 121, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium; (G.B.); (F.S.)
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Xie C, Zhou X, Liang C, Li X, Ge M, Chen Y, Yin J, Zhu J, Zhong C. Apatinib triggers autophagic and apoptotic cell death via VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 signaling in lung cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:266. [PMID: 34429133 PMCID: PMC8385858 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Recently, a variety of clinical trials have shown that apatinib, a small-molecule anti-angiogenic drug, exerts promising inhibitory effects on multiple solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying molecular mechanism of apatinib on NSCLC remains unclear. Methods MTT, EdU, AO/EB staining, TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, colony formation assays were performed to investigate the effects of apatinib on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and cancer stem like properties. Wound healing and transwell assays were conducted to explore the role of apatinib on migration and invasion. The regulation of apatinib on VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 signaling were detected. Furthermore, we collected conditioned medium (CM) from A549 and H1299 cells to stimulate phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-activated THP-1 cells, and examined the effect of apatinib on PD-L1 expression in macrophages. The Jurkat T cells and NSCLC cells co-culture model was used to assess the effect of apatinib on T cells activation. Subcutaneous tumor formation models were established to evaluate the effects of apatinib in vivo. Histochemical, immunohistochemical staining and ELISA assay were used to examine the levels of signaling molecules in tumors. Results We showed that apatinib inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in NSCLC cells in vitro. Apatinib induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and suppressed the expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4. Moreover, apatinib upregulated Cleaved Caspase 3, Cleaved Caspase 9 and Bax, and downregulated Bcl-2 in NSCLC cells. The colony formation ability and the number of CD133 positive cells were significantly decreased by apatinib, suggesting that apatinib inhibited the malignant and stem-like features of NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, apatinib inhibited PD-L1 and c-Myc expression by targeting VEGFR2/STAT3 signaling. Apatinib also inhibited PD-L1 expression in THP-1 derived macrophages stimulated by CM from NSCLC cells. Furthermore, apatinib pretreatment increased CD69 expression and IFN-γ secretion in stimulated Jurkat T cells co-cultured with NSCLC cells. Apatinib also promoted ROS production and inhibited Nrf2 and p62 expression, leading to the autophagic and apoptotic cell death in NSCLC. Moreover, apatinib significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion Our data indicated that apatinib induced autophagy and apoptosis in NSCLC via regulating VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 signaling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02069-4. Apatinib suppressed proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibited malignancy in NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. Apatinib downregulated PD-L1 and c-Myc in NSCLC through VEGFR2/STAT3 pathway. Apatinib inhibited PD-L1 expression in THP-1 derived macrophages stimulated by the conditioned medium from NSCLC cells and partially restored the activation of Jurkat T cells co-cultured with NSCLC cells. Apatinib induced ROS generation and inhibited Nrf2 and p62 expression, leading to the autophagic and apoptotic cell death in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chunhua Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Miaomiao Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juan Yin
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Rd, Suzhou, 215008, China
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, 242 Guangji Rd, Suzhou, 215008, China.
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Liu N, Chen A, Feng N, Liu X, Zhang L. SNRPB is a mediator for cellular response to cisplatin in non-small-cell lung cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:57. [PMID: 33835288 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptides B And B' (SNRPB) is a core component of spliceosome and plays a key role in pre-mRNA splicing. Emerging evidence suggests that it involves in the development of several types of cancer. Our previous study has demonstrated SNRPB is highly expressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and functions as an oncogene. However, whether SNRPB contributes to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC is still unknown. In this study, we found that SNRPB negatively regulates cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. Knocking out of SNRPB could significantly decrease cisplatin-induced cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in H1299 cells. However, enforced expression of SNRPB in H460 cells can markedly promote cisplatin-induced cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Our results also indicate that overexpression of SNRPB enhances the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on H460 cell-mediated xenograft tumors. Our results suggest that SNRPB may be a prediction marker for NSCLC patients in response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianli Liu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Aoxing Chen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Feng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Yanzhou District, The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Apatinib, a Novel Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Promotes ROS-Dependent Apoptosis and Autophagy via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3145182. [PMID: 32509141 PMCID: PMC7244982 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3145182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Apatinib, a new-generation oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling pathway, shows favorable therapeutic effects in various malignant tumors. However, its effect on ovarian cancer has not yet been characterized. Here, we demonstrated that apatinib inhibited ovarian cancer cell growth and migration in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, we found that apatinib could directly act on tumor cells and promote ROS-dependent apoptosis and autophagy. Mechanistically, we showed that apatinib suppressed glutathione to generate ROS via the downregulation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway and maintained an antitumor effect at a low level of VEGFR2 in ovarian cancer, suggesting that combination of apatinib with Nrf2 inhibitor may be a promising therapy strategy for patients with ovarian cancer.
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Chen S, Zhang K, Wan X, Chen Y, Ma S, Deng Q. The use of apatinib in treating primary pleural synovial sarcoma: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18382. [PMID: 31861000 PMCID: PMC6940042 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Apatinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. It has been shown that apatinib is effective and safe for treatment of multiple solid tumors, including gastric cancer, liver cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and breast cancer. However, there is currently no consensus as to using Apatinib for the treatment of pleural synovial sarcoma, due to the rarity of primary pleural synovial sarcoma and lack of clinical studies as a consequence. PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSES We reported here in the case of a 26-year-old Chinese woman diagnosed with pleural synovial sarcoma. She has undergone 2 surgeries, multiple regimens of chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine in other hospitals. Then the patient was admitted to our hospital with the compliant of chest pain and dyspnea. The medical history and available data supported the diagnosis of recurrence of pleural synovial sarcoma. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES Due to the lack of efficacy of previous standard treatment, the patient was given apatinib and radiotherapy to relieve the symptoms. This patient achieved stable disease with apatinib at a dose of 500 mg/day. Her progression-free survival time was more than 7 months, and her overall survival was 8.5 months. Except for hand-foot syndrome, no grade 3 or 4 side effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS Apatinib may thus be an option for treatment of advanced synovial sarcoma after failure of other treatments. However, further study is needed to determine the efficacy of apatinib in pleural synovial sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Xianqin Wan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Affiliated to Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghua Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital
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Apatinib Mesylate in the treatment of advanced progressed lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR-TKI resistance -A Multicenter Randomized Trial. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14013. [PMID: 31570733 PMCID: PMC6768876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Few pieces of evidence have been published on the use of Apatinib Mesylate (AM) against EGFR-TKI resistance in lung adenocarcinoma (LA) patients. Here, we investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of AM in the treatment of advanced progressed epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) resistant LA patients. We conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial in 68 patients admitted to 18 hospitals of Anhui province in China. The efficacy and safety of AM treatment were evaluated in terms of progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR), as well as related adverse events (AE). A literature knowledge database analysis and a pathway model reconstruction were performed to decipher the relevant mechanism may be involved. Our results showed that, compared to the control group, AM presented improved efficacy in PFS (P = 0.033), ORR (P < 0.001), and DCR (P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed between case and control group in terms of AE, and no drug-related death occurred. Pathway analysis supports that Apatinib can be repurposed for the treatment of LA. Our results suggested that AM could be a potential option for advanced progressed LA patients to combat EGFR-TKI resistance.
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8
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Wang S, Yang X, Han X, Li T, Bao Y, Meng X. Anti-lung cancer activity of Schizonepetae Spica extract and identification of its compounds by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1646274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
- Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
- Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
- Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China
| | - Yongrui Bao
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
- Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xiansheng Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
- Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian, PR China
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China
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Chen C, Qin S, Li Z, Luo X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Liu X. A retrospective six-patient series of apatinib for the treatment of persistent or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5805-5811. [PMID: 31410025 PMCID: PMC6643513 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s212536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although advances have been made in the clinical and therapeutic management of women with cervical cancer, the best treatment for patients with metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer is still undefined. Apatinib, a novel inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 tyrosine kinases, has been successful in treating various malignancies. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib in the treatment of recurrent cervical cancer. Methods Patients with recurrent cervical cancer received apatinib after failure of the second- or higher-line chemotherapy. Apatinib was administered as 500 mg daily on days 1 through 21 of each 4-week cycle. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and treatment-related adverse events were reviewed and evaluated. Results Six patients were administered apatinib for at least one complete cycle. The median OS was 16.0 months (95% CI: 6.8–25.2), and the median PFS was 7.0 months (95% CI: 2.2–11.8), One patient achieved partial response and three patients achieved stable disease. Two patients were evaluated as progression disease. The ORR was 16.7% (1/6) and the DCR was 67.7% (4/6). The common side effect of apatinib was hypertension; however, the toxicity of apatinib was tolerable and controllable. Conclusions Apatinib is an option in the treatment of recurrent cervical cancer after failure of the second- or higher-line chemotherapy. Further prospective evaluation of the utility of apatinib is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology of PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shukui Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology of PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixiong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology of PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwen Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology of PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology of PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology of PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufeng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology of PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
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Store-Operated Calcium Entry Contributes to Cisplatin-Induced Cell Death in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030430. [PMID: 30917547 PMCID: PMC6468672 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the principal chemotherapeutic agents used for the first-line treatment of many malignancies, including non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Despite its use for over 40 years, its mechanism of action is not yet fully understood. Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), the main pathway allowing Ca2+ entry in non-excitable cells, is involved in tumorogenesis, cancer progression and chemoresistance. It has become an attractive target in cancer treatment. In this study, we showed that siRNA-mediated depletion of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1), two players of the store-operated calcium entry, dramatically reduced CDDP cytotoxicity in NSCLC cells. This was associated with an inhibition of the DNA damage response (DDR) triggered by CDDP. Moreover, STIM1 depletion also reduced CDDP-dependent oxidative stress. In parallel, SOCE activation induced Ca2+ entry into the mitochondria, a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell. This effect was highly decreased in STIM1-depleted cells. We then conclude that mitochondrial Ca2+ peak associated to the SOCE contributes to CDDP-induced ROS production, DDR and subsequent apoptosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that it is shown that Ca2+ signalling constitutes an initial step in CDDP-induced apoptosis.
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Liang LJ, Wen YX, Xia YY, Wang L, Fei JY, Jiang XD. Apatinib combined with docetaxel as a salvage treatment for metastatic esophageal squamous cancer: a case report. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5821-5826. [PMID: 30271164 PMCID: PMC6145360 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s174429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The first-line treatment for metastatic esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is a platinum- or fluorouracil-based agent, followed by later treatment with taxanes or irinotecan. However, there is still no standard third-line treatment for patients with metastatic ESCC. We present a 62-year-old man initially diagnosed with locally advanced ESCC. After esophagectomy, the patient was administrated with six cycles of docetaxel and cisplatin combined with radiotherapy. After 8.0 months, computed tomography showed the left cervical lymph node metastasis. However, the metastatic lymph node was not significantly shrunk after locally palliative radiotherapy and the patient was intolerant of irinotecan as second-line systemic therapy. Then, the patient was rechallenged with six cycles of docetaxel combined with apatinib (an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 [VEGFR2]), followed by single dose of apatinib as maintenance therapy. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 standard, partial response was achieved in this case after treating with docetaxel combined with apatinib. Now, the progression-free survival of this patient has been 7.5 months. After administrating with apatinib for 2 weeks, hypertension (grade III) was observed. Thus, the dose of apatinib was decreased from 850 to 500 mg and then the adverse effects were controllable and tolerable. In conclusion, apatinib with concurrent docetaxel provided potential efficacy as a salvage treatment for patients with metastatic ESCC. To our knowledge, this is the first case of ESCC who responded to apatinib combined with docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China, .,Tumor Laboratory, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yi-Xuan Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China, .,Tumor Laboratory, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China,
| | - You-You Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jia-Yan Fei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China, .,Tumor Laboratory, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China, .,Tumor Laboratory, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, People's Republic of China,
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Li C, Zheng X, Han Y, Lv Y, Lan F, Zhao J. XAV939 inhibits the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells through the WNT pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8973-8982. [PMID: 29805633 PMCID: PMC5958670 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the effects of the tankyrase (TNKS) small molecule inhibitor XAV939 on the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and the possible underlying mechanism. To do this, the association between TNKS and the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in lung acinar adenocarcinoma was investigated. Immunohistochemistry was performed, which demonstrated that TNKS, β-catenin and Myc proto-oncogene protein (c-Myc) proteins are positively expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissue; this expression was significantly higher than that in normal adjacent non-carcinoma tissues. A549 cell proliferation was inhibited in all XAV939-intervention groups examined. In the wound-healing assay, cells treated with different concentrations of XAV939 exhibited a significantly increased scratch width compared with the control group. Reverse transcription-semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that β-catenin mRNA expression was significantly decreased in A549 cells in response to different XAV939 concentrations compared with the control group. Immunofluorescence revealed that β-catenin protein, initially localized in the nucleus/cytoplasm, gradually translocated to the cytoplasm/membrane, an effect that was associated with increased drug concentration. TNKS, β-catenin and c-Myc protein expression in A549 cells treated with XAV939 was reduced compared with that in untreated cells. Therefore, abnormally high TNKS expression may promote the occurrence of lung cancer. The TNKS inhibitor XAV939 inhibited lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell proliferation and migration in vitro. The underlying mechanism by which XAV939 exerted its inhibitory effects may be associated with attenuation of the WNT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Han
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lv
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, P.R. China
| | - Fu Lan
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300000, P.R. China
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