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Beykaso G, Teklehaymanot T, Mulu A, Berhe N, Alemayehu DH, Giday M. Medicinal Plants in Treating Hepatitis B Among Communities of Central Region of Ethiopia. Hepat Med 2023; 15:265-277. [PMID: 38170153 PMCID: PMC10759923 DOI: 10.2147/hmer.s440351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose In Ethiopia, most people rely heavily on traditional therapeutic plants that have been used for years. The practice of traditional medicines use to treat hepatitis is currently gaining popularity due to the limited availability and affordability of modern drugs. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess the traditional medicinal plants use to treat viral hepatitis among communities of Central region of Ethiopia. Methods Data was collected from November 2018 to December 2021 in Central Ethiopia. An open-ended semi-structured interview was used among purposively selected herbalists, traditional medicine entrepreneurs, village heads, and patients visiting traditional healers for hepatitis treatments. A 5 mL blood sample was collected from patients who visited a traditional healers' clinic for hepatitis treatment and tested for HBsAg and HCV-antibody by using ELISA. Among HBsAg-positives, further nucleic acid test for HBV-DNA load was assessed to measure the effects of prescribed medicinal plants. Results Herbalists cited 24 plants that were used for hepatitis treatment; of which Rumex nepalensis, Vangueria apiculata, and Solanum incanum were the most frequently cited plants. Remedies were commonly prepared by crushing or powdering, mixing them with water, and taken orally. Forty-two individuals were diagnosed and treated as hepatitis patients by herbalists, of which eight of them were HBsAg-positive but no positives for anti-HCV ELISA. At the third and sixth months of viral load assessment among HBsAg-positive, serum HBV-DNA suppression was observed in three individuals treated with different combinations of frequently cited plants. Conclusion In this study, traditional healers used various plants to treat hepatitis. HBV-DNA suppressive activity was detected in three NAT-positive individuals who were treated by using a mixture of these frequently cited and highest preference-ranked plants. This suggests that these plants have antiviral properties and serve as a basis for more pharmacological research in the quest for new antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizachew Beykaso
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Teklehaymanot
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Andargachew Mulu
- Department of Virology, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Berhe
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Mirutse Giday
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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2
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Black soybean-derived peptides exerted protective effect against alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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The potential effect of phytochemicals and herbal plant remedies for treating drug-induced hepatotoxicity: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4767-4788. [PMID: 34075538 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury significantly caused by synthetic drugs, and other xenobiotics contribute to clinical hepatic dysfunction, which has been a substantial challenge for both patients and physicians. Traditional medicines used as an alternative therapy because of their pharmacological benefits, less or no side effects, and enormous availability in nature. Phytochemicals are essential ingredients of plants that reduce necrotic cell death, restore the antioxidant defence mechanism, limit oxidative stress, and prevent the inflammation of tissue and dysfunction of the mitochondria. In this review, we principally focused on the potential effect of the herbal plants and their phytochemicals in treating drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Darand M, Farrokhzad A, Ghavami A, Hadi A, Karimi E, Fadel A, Askari G. Effects of resveratrol supplementation on liver enzymes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13692. [PMID: 32869460 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The available evidence regarding the possible effects of resveratrol on liver function is inconsistent. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was performed to investigate the overall effects of resveratrol supplementation on liver enzymes in adults. METHODS A systematic and comprehensive search of the online medical databases including PubMed, Scupos, Web of Science and Cochran Library was performed up to February 2020. All RCTs using resveratrol supplements in adults were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall effect was presented as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in a random-effects meta-analysis model. RESULTS Finally, 15 randomised trials including 714 participants were selected for the present meta-analysis. Pooled analysis did not show any significant changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (WMD: 0 IU/L, 95% CI: -3.17 to 3.17, P = .99; I2 = 74.2%), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: -2.40 IU/L, 95% CI: -5.45 to 0.65, P = .11; I2 = 82.9%), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (WMD: -1.26 IU/L, 95% CI: -4.64 to 2.13, P = .64; I2 = 23.7%), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (WMD: 3.80 IU/L, 95% CI: -4.65 to 12.25, P = .37; I2 = 29.9%) and bilirubin (WMD: 0.13 IU/L, 95% CI: -0.43 to 0.17, P = .39; I2 = 8.9%) after supplementation with resveratrol. CONCLUSION Overall, in our study, resveratrol does not affect liver enzyme levels significantly, but subgroup analysis indicates that these results may be influenced by resveratrol dose, duration of the study and population status, so future high-quality studies are necessary to get definitive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Darand
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Abed Ghavami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Research Development Center, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdulmnannan Fadel
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Kassem AA, Abd El-Alim SH, Salman AM, Mohammed MA, Hassan NS, El-Gengaihi SE. Improved hepatoprotective activity of Beta vulgaris L. leaf extract loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS): in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1589-1603. [PMID: 32811211 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1811303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Beta vulgaris L. (beetroot) is a vegetable plant rich in phytochemical compounds such as phenolic acids, carotenoids and flavonoids. The objective of the current study is the development and optimization of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDSs) to enhance the hepatoprotective activity of beet leaf (BL) extract. METHODS Total flavonoids content was estimated in the BL extract and its solubility was evaluated in various vehicles to select proper component combinations. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed employing olive, linseed, castor and sesame oils (oil phase), Tween® 20 (Tw20) and Tween® 80 (Tw80) (surfactants (SAs)) as well as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and propylene glycol (PG) (co-surfactants (Co-SAs)). Optimization of formulations from the phase diagrams took place through testing their thermodynamic stability, dispersibility and robustness to dilution. RESULTS Four optimized BL-SNEDDS formulations, comprising linseed oil or olive oil, Tw80 and DMSO at two SA/Co-SA ratios (2:1 or 3:1) were chosen. They exhibited high cloud point and percentage transmittance values with spherical morphology of mean droplet sizes ranging from 14.67 to 16.06 nm and monodisperse distribution with negatively charged zeta potential < -9.51 mV. The in vitro release profiles of the optimized formulations in pH 1.2 and 6.8 were nearly similar, with a non-Fickian release mechanism. In vivo evaluation of BL-SNEDDSs hepatoprotective activity in a thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity rat model depicted promoted liver functions, inflammatory markers and histopathological findings, most prominently in the group treated by F7. CONCLUSION The results indicate that SNEDDS, as a nanocarrier system, has potential to improve the hepatoprotective activity of the BL extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alaa Kassem
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa Mohamed Salman
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Arafa Mohammed
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Desai SM, Sanap AP, Bhonde RR. Treat liver to beat diabetes. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110034. [PMID: 32758878 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Management of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) with existing strategies of life style and pharmaceutical interventions has gained limited success as evidenced by its uncontrolled progression. Two key organs which are involved in pathophysiology of T2DM are liver and pancreas, both are the derivatives of endoderm with common precursor. In the invertebrates, hepatopancreas performs function of both liver and pancreas. It is known that derangement in glycolysis, neoglucogenesis, and glycogenolysis lead to hyperglycemia in T2DM although insulin levels are high. Several studies have reported implication of abnormal liver function in the development of metabolic syndrome i.e. T2DM. Partial hepatectomy has been shown to improve glycemic status in animal models of diabetes. This could be because liver and pancreas share same regenerating factors. These evidences suggest that abnormal liver status can impair pancreatic beta cell function and survival along with peripheral insulin resistance. We therefore hypothesize that restoring deranged liver functions may aid in the better control and management of T2DM. If found true, it may shift current intervention strategy towards liver rather than pancreas in the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani M Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune, India
| | - Avinash P Sanap
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India
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Altınok-Yipel F, Ozan Tekeli İ, Özsoy ŞY, Güvenç M, Kaya A, Yipel M. Hepatoprotective Activity of Linalool in Rats Against Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:302-308. [PMID: 30932786 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare hepatoprotective activity of Coriandrum sativum (Cs) and it is major component linalool (Ln) against experimentally induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Essential oil of Cs was isolated by hydrodistillation method and chemical composition was determined by GS-MS analysis. 42 male Wistar Albino rats were divited into 7 groups each containing 6. The experimental groups were designed as: Normal control group, 1 ml/kg CCl4 administirated group, 25 mg/kg Silymarin and CCl4 administirated group, 100 and 200 mg/kg Cs and CCl4 administirated groups, 100 and 200 mg/kg Ln and CCl4 administered groups. The protective activities were determined according to the results of liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, ALP), antioxidant parameters (GSH, GPx, CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and histopathological examination. Linalool percentage of Cs was 81.6%. The groups treated with linalool (100 and 200 mg/kg) (p < 0.01) and coriander (200 mg/kg) (p < 0.05) had significantly reduced AST (262-375) and ALT (101-290) levels (U/L) compared to the CCl4 (600-622) group. The levels (nmol/g protein) of MDA (11-12) were significantly lower (p < 0.01), the levels of GSH (11-12) and the activities of CAT (23-24) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in linalool groups (100 and 200 mg/kg) compared to the CCl4 (18-5-10 respectively) group. These results were also supported by histopathological findings and indicate that Cs and Ln shows hepatoprotective activity against liver damage. In this regard, evaluation of activities of major components are needed to compare to medicinal plants in experimental diseases models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Altınok-Yipel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Univ., Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Şule Yurdagül Özsoy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes Univ., Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Kaya
- Department of FieldCrops, Faculty of Agricultural, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yipel
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Univ., Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Zakaria ZA, Mahmood ND, Mamat SS, Nasir N, Omar MH. Endogenous Antioxidant and LOX-Mediated Systems Contribute to the Hepatoprotective Activity of Aqueous Partition of Methanol Extract of Muntingia calabura L. Leaves against Paracetamol Intoxication. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:982. [PMID: 29497375 PMCID: PMC5818437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanol extract of Muntingia calabura L. (family Muntingiaceae) leaf has been reported to exert various pharmacological activities including hepatoprotection. The present study was carried out to identify the most effective hepatoprotective partition derived from the extract and to determine the mechanisms of action involved. The extract was partitioned using solvents with different polarity to yield petroleum ether (PEMC), ethyl acetate (EAMC), and aqueous (AQMC) extracts. Each extract, at 250 mg/kg, was subjected to the paracetamol (PCM)-induced hepatotoxic assay and several parameters such as liver weight, liver/body weight ratio, serum liver enzymes' level, and histopathological examinations were determined. Each partition was also tested for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. The most effective extract (AQMC) was prepared in additional dose of 50 and 500 mg/kg, and then subjected to the same liver toxicity test in addition to the endogenous antioxidant enzymes assay. Moreover, AQMC was also subjected to the phytochemical screening and HPLC analysis. Overall, from the results obtained: AQMC exerted significant (p < 0.05): (i) antioxidant activity when assessed using the DPPH, SOD and ORAC assays with high TPC detected; (ii) anti-inflammatory activity via LOX, but not XO pathway; (iii) hepatoprotective activity indicated by its ability to reverse the effect of PCM on the liver weight and liver/body weight ratio, the level of serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), and activity of several endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT). Phytochemicals analyses demonstrated the presence of several flavonoid-based bioactive compounds such as gallic acid and quercetin, which were reported to possess hepatoprotective activity. In conclusion, AQMC exerts hepatoprotective activity against the PCM-induced toxicity possibly by having a remarkable antioxidant potential and ability to activate the endogenous antioxidant system possibly via the synergistic action of its phytoconstituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Diyana Mahmood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Syariah Mamat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Nurliana Nasir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Maizatul Hasyima Omar
- Phytochemistry Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Drosophila melanogaster “a potential model organism” for identification of pharmacological properties of plants/plant-derived components. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:1331-1345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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10
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Tlili N, Feriani A, Saadoui E, Nasri N, Khaldi A. Capparis spinosa leaves extract: Source of bioantioxidants with nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:171-179. [PMID: 28056421 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Capparis spinosa, Capparidaceae, is largely distributed all over the Mediterranean Basin and is traditionally used to treat many illnesses, such as liver and kidney diseases. The aim of the current study was to explore the antioxidant, nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract of Capparis spinosa leaves (MECS) associated with its phytochemical content. The levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and condensed tannins were 23.37mgGAE/g, 9.05mgQE/g and 9.35mgTAE/g, respectively. HPLC analysis revealed nine compounds, namely rutin, resveratrol, coumarin, epicatechin, luteolin, catechin, kaempferol, vanillic acid and gallic acid. The MECS showed interesting antioxidant capacity. The MECS-treatment significantly reduced the increased plasma levels of creatinine, urea and uric acid, reduced the elevated MDA levels, significantly reduced the antioxidant enzyme activities and restored the kidney damage, provoked by cisplatin-treatment. Furthermore, MECS-treatment significantly prevented the increase in serum ALT, AST and LDH levels in acute liver damage induced by CCl4, decreased the amount of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and elevated the activities of SOD, CAT and GPx, and restored liver injury. This study supports the traditionally use of C. spinosa to cure kidney and liver diseases. The obtained results highlighted the possible use of C. spinosa as a source of phytochemical with important biological advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Tlili
- Laboratoire de biochimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie; Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts, Université de Carthage, BP 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisie.
| | - Anouar Feriani
- Unité de Biochimie Macromoléculaire et Génétique, Faculté des Sciences de Gafsa, cité Zarroug, Université de Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisie; Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ezzeddine Saadoui
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts, Université de Carthage, BP 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisie
| | - Nizar Nasri
- Laboratoire de biochimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Abdelhamid Khaldi
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts, Université de Carthage, BP 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisie
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Ben Hmidene A, Hanaki M, Murakami K, Irie K, Isoda H, Shigemori H. Inhibitory Activities of Antioxidant Flavonoids from Tamarix gallica on Amyloid Aggregation Related to Alzheimer’s and Type 2 Diabetes Diseases. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:238-241. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ben Hmidene
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | | | | | | | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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