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Wang LY, Zhang L, Bai XY, Qiang RR, Zhang N, Hu QQ, Cheng JZ, Yang YL, Xiang Y. The Role of Ferroptosis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04194-w. [PMID: 38864944 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease with a challenging treatment landscape, due to its complex pathogenesis and limited availability of clinical drugs. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death (PCD), stands distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and other cell death mechanisms. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the role of iron deposition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, oxidative stress, as well as systemic Xc- and glutamate accumulation in the antioxidant system in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Therefore, targeting ferroptosis emerges as a promising strategy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment. This review introduces the regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis, the relationship between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and ferroptosis, and the drugs used in the clinic, then discusses the current status of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment, hoping to provide new directions and targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yi Wang
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Xin Yue Bai
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Rong Rong Qiang
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Qian Qian Hu
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Jun Zhi Cheng
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yan Ling Yang
- Yan 'an Small Molecule Innovative Drug R&D Engineering Research Center, School of Medicine, Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- College of Physical Education, Yan'an University, Shaanxi, 716000, China.
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2
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Dixon SJ, Olzmann JA. The cell biology of ferroptosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:424-442. [PMID: 38366038 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism characterized by iron-dependent membrane lipid peroxidation. Here, we review what is known about the cellular mechanisms mediating the execution and regulation of ferroptosis. We first consider how the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxides leads to the execution of ferroptosis by altering ion transport across the plasma membrane. We then discuss how metabolites and enzymes that are distributed in different compartments and organelles throughout the cell can regulate sensitivity to ferroptosis by impinging upon iron, lipid and redox metabolism. Indeed, metabolic pathways that reside in the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, peroxisomes and other organelles all contribute to the regulation of ferroptosis sensitivity. We note how the regulation of ferroptosis sensitivity by these different organelles and pathways seems to vary between different cells and death-inducing conditions. We also highlight transcriptional master regulators that integrate the functions of different pathways and organelles to modulate ferroptosis sensitivity globally. Throughout this Review, we highlight open questions and areas in which progress is needed to better understand the cell biology of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - James A Olzmann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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3
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Zhang L, Luo YL, Xiang Y, Bai XY, Qiang RR, Zhang X, Yang YL, Liu XL. Ferroptosis inhibitors: past, present and future. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1407335. [PMID: 38846099 PMCID: PMC11153831 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1407335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic mode of programmed cell death characterized by iron dependence and lipid peroxidation. Since the ferroptosis was proposed, researchers have revealed the mechanisms of its formation and continue to explore effective inhibitors of ferroptosis in disease. Recent studies have shown a correlation between ferroptosis and the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as diseases involving tissue or organ damage. Acting on ferroptosis-related targets may provide new strategies for the treatment of ferroptosis-mediated diseases. This article specifically describes the metabolic pathways of ferroptosis and summarizes the reported mechanisms of action of natural and synthetic small molecule inhibitors of ferroptosis and their efficacy in disease. The paper also describes ferroptosis treatments such as gene therapy, cell therapy, and nanotechnology, and summarises the challenges encountered in the clinical translation of ferroptosis inhibitors. Finally, the relationship between ferroptosis and other modes of cell death is discussed, hopefully paving the way for future drug design and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yi Lin Luo
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- College of Physical Education, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Xin Yue Bai
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | | | - Xin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yan Ling Yang
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Xiao Long Liu
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
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Rodencal J, Kim N, He A, Li VL, Lange M, He J, Tarangelo A, Schafer ZT, Olzmann JA, Long JZ, Sage J, Dixon SJ. Sensitization of cancer cells to ferroptosis coincident with cell cycle arrest. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:234-248.e13. [PMID: 37963466 PMCID: PMC10925838 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death that can be triggered by inhibiting the system xc- cystine/glutamate antiporter or the phospholipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). We have investigated how cell cycle arrest caused by stabilization of p53 or inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) impacts ferroptosis sensitivity. Here, we show that cell cycle arrest can enhance sensitivity to ferroptosis induced by covalent GPX4 inhibitors (GPX4i) but not system xc- inhibitors. Greater sensitivity to GPX4i is associated with increased levels of oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids (PUFA-PLs). Higher PUFA-PL abundance upon cell cycle arrest involves reduced expression of membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 1 (MBOAT1) and epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2). A candidate orally bioavailable GPX4 inhibitor increases lipid peroxidation and shrinks tumor volumes when combined with a CDK4/6 inhibitor. Thus, cell cycle arrest may make certain cancer cells more susceptible to ferroptosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Rodencal
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nathan Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew He
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Veronica L Li
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Mike Lange
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jianping He
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Amy Tarangelo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zachary T Schafer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - James A Olzmann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Long
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Julien Sage
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Ma J, Yu P, Ma S, Li J, Wang Z, Hu K, Su X, Zhang B, Cheng S, Wang S. Bioinformatics and Integrative Experimental Method to Identifying and Validating Co-Expressed Ferroptosis-Related Genes in OA Articular Cartilage and Synovium. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:957-980. [PMID: 38370466 PMCID: PMC10871044 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s434226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide and is the primary cause of disability and chronic pain in older adults.Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death characterized by aberrant iron metabolism and reactive oxygen species accumulation; however, its role in OA is not known. Methods To identify ferroptosis markers co-expressed in articular cartilage and synovium samples from patients with OA, in silico analysis was performed.Signature genes were analyzed and the results were evaluated using a ROC curve prediction model.The biological function, correlation between Signature genes, immune cell infiltration, and ceRNA network analyses were performed. Signature genes and ferroptosis phenotypes were verified through in vivo animal experiments and clinical samples. The expression levels of non-coding RNAs in samples from patients with OA were determined using qRT-PCR. ceRNA network analysis results were confirmed using dual-luciferase assays. Results JUN, ATF3, and CDKN1A were identified as OA- and ferroptosis-associated signature genes. GSEA analysis demonstrated an enrichment of these genes in immune and inflammatory responses, and amino acid metabolism. The CIBERSORT algorithm showed a negative correlation between T cells and these signature genes in the cartilage, and a positive correlation in the synovium. Moreover, RP5-894D12.5 and FAM95B1 regulated the expression of JUN, ATF3, and CDKN1A by competitively binding to miR-1972, miR-665, and miR-181a-2-3p. In vivo, GPX4 was downregulated in both OA cartilage and synovium; however, GPX4 and GSH were downregulated, while ferrous ions were upregulated in patient OA cartilage and synovium samples, indicating that ferroptosis was involved in the pathogenesis of OA. Furthermore, JUN, ATF3, and CDKN1A expression was downregulated in both mouse and human OA synovial and cartilage tissues. qRT-PCR demonstrated that miR-1972, RP5-894D12.5, and FAM95B1 were differentially expressed in OA tissues. Targeted interactions between miR-1972 and JUN, and a ceRNA regulatory mechanism between RP5-894D12.5, miR-1972, and JUN were confirmed by dual-luciferase assays. Conclusion This study identified JUN, ATF3, and CDKN1A as possible diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for joint synovitis and OA. Furthermore, our finding indicated that RP5-894D12.5/miR-1972/JUN was a potential ceRNA regulatory axis in OA, providing an insight into the connection between ferroptosis and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Ma
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shang Ma
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Li
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Hu
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinzhe Su
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhang
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao Cheng
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Arthropathy, Henan Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine), Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Osteopathy, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Basic and Clinical Research of Bone and Joint Repair in Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shangzeng Wang
- School of Osteopathy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Arthropathy, Henan Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine), Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Osteopathy, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Basic and Clinical Research of Bone and Joint Repair in Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Odenkirk MT, Zheng X, Kyle JE, Stratton KG, Nicora CD, Bloodsworth KJ, Mclean CA, Masters CL, Monroe ME, Doecke JD, Smith RD, Burnum-Johnson KE, Roberts BR, Baker ES. Deciphering ApoE Genotype-Driven Proteomic and Lipidomic Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease Across Distinct Brain Regions. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 38236019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complex etiology influenced by confounding factors such as genetic polymorphisms, age, sex, and race. Traditionally, AD research has not prioritized these influences, resulting in dramatically skewed cohorts such as three times the number of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4-allele carriers in AD relative to healthy cohorts. Thus, the resulting molecular changes in AD have previously been complicated by the influence of apolipoprotein E disparities. To explore how apolipoprotein E polymorphism influences AD progression, 62 post-mortem patients consisting of 33 AD and 29 controls (Ctrl) were studied to balance the number of ε4-allele carriers and facilitate a molecular comparison of the apolipoprotein E genotype. Lipid and protein perturbations were assessed across AD diagnosed brains compared to Ctrl brains, ε4 allele carriers (APOE4+ for those carrying 1 or 2 ε4s and APOE4- for non-ε4 carriers), and differences in ε3ε3 and ε3ε4 Ctrl brains across two brain regions (frontal cortex (FCX) and cerebellum (CBM)). The region-specific influences of apolipoprotein E on AD mechanisms showcased mitochondrial dysfunction and cell proteostasis at the core of AD pathophysiology in the post-mortem brains, indicating these two processes may be influenced by genotypic differences and brain morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie T Odenkirk
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States of America
| | - Xueyun Zheng
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - Kelly G Stratton
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - Carrie D Nicora
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - Kent J Bloodsworth
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - Catriona A Mclean
- Anatomical Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, Victoria 3181, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Colin L Masters
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew E Monroe
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - James D Doecke
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Richard D Smith
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - Kristin E Burnum-Johnson
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States of America
| | - Blaine R Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States of America
| | - Erin S Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States of America
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Lee H, Horbath A, Kondiparthi L, Meena JK, Lei G, Dasgupta S, Liu X, Zhuang L, Koppula P, Li M, Mahmud I, Wei B, Lorenzi PL, Keyomarsi K, Poyurovsky MV, Olszewski K, Gan B. Cell cycle arrest induces lipid droplet formation and confers ferroptosis resistance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:79. [PMID: 38167301 PMCID: PMC10761718 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
How cells coordinate cell cycling with cell survival and death remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that cell cycle arrest has a potent suppressive effect on ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death induced by overwhelming lipid peroxidation at cellular membranes. Mechanistically, cell cycle arrest induces diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)-dependent lipid droplet formation to sequester excessive polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that accumulate in arrested cells in triacylglycerols (TAGs), resulting in ferroptosis suppression. Consequently, DGAT inhibition orchestrates a reshuffling of PUFAs from TAGs to phospholipids and re-sensitizes arrested cells to ferroptosis. We show that some slow-cycling antimitotic drug-resistant cancer cells, such as 5-fluorouracil-resistant cells, have accumulation of lipid droplets and that combined treatment with ferroptosis inducers and DGAT inhibitors effectively suppresses the growth of 5-fluorouracil-resistant tumors by inducing ferroptosis. Together, these results reveal a role for cell cycle arrest in driving ferroptosis resistance and suggest a ferroptosis-inducing therapeutic strategy to target slow-cycling therapy-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Lee
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Amber Horbath
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lavanya Kondiparthi
- Kadmon Corporation, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Sanofi US, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jitendra Kumar Meena
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guang Lei
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shayani Dasgupta
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li Zhuang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pranavi Koppula
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mi Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bo Wei
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Masha V Poyurovsky
- Kadmon Corporation, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- PMV Pharmaceuticals, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - Kellen Olszewski
- Kadmon Corporation, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Carl Icahn Labs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Consoli V, Fallica AN, Sorrenti V, Pittalà V, Vanella L. Novel Insights on Ferroptosis Modulation as Potential Strategy for Cancer Treatment: When Nature Kills. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:40-85. [PMID: 37132605 PMCID: PMC10824235 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The multifactorial nature of the mechanisms implicated in cancer development still represents a major issue for the success of established antitumor therapies. The discovery of ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis, along with the identification of the molecular pathways activated during its execution, has led to the uncovering of novel molecules characterized by ferroptosis-inducing properties. Recent advances: As of today, the ferroptosis-inducing properties of compounds derived from natural sources have been investigated and interesting findings have been reported both in vitro and in vivo. Critical Issues: Despite the efforts made so far, only a limited number of synthetic compounds have been identified as ferroptosis inducers, and their utilization is still limited to basic research. In this review, we analyzed the most important biochemical pathways involved in ferroptosis execution, with particular attention to the newest literature findings on canonical and non-canonical hallmarks, together with mechanisms of action of natural compounds identified as novel ferroptosis inducers. Compounds have been classified based on their chemical structure, and modulation of ferroptosis-related biochemical pathways has been reported. Future Directions: The outcomes herein collected represent a fascinating starting point from which to take hints for future drug discovery studies aimed at identifying ferroptosis-inducing natural compounds for anticancer therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 40-85.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Consoli
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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9
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Zuo Z, Zhou Z, Chang Y, Liu Y, Shen Y, Li Q, Zhang L. Ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2): Regulation, function and targeting strategy in human cancer. Genes Dis 2024; 11:218-233. [PMID: 37588202 PMCID: PMC10425756 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) is a small subunit in ribonucleotide reductases, which participate in nucleotide metabolism and catalyze the conversion of nucleotides to deoxynucleotides, maintaining the dNTP pools for DNA biosynthesis, repair, and replication. RRM2 performs a critical role in the malignant biological behaviors of cancers. The structure, regulation, and function of RRM2 and its inhibitors were discussed. RRM2 gene can produce two transcripts encoding the same ORF. RRM2 expression is regulated at multiple levels during the processes from transcription to translation. Moreover, this gene is associated with resistance, regulated cell death, and tumor immunity. In order to develop and design inhibitors of RRM2, appropriate strategies can be adopted based on different mechanisms. Thus, a greater appreciation of the characteristics of RRM2 is a benefit for understanding tumorigenesis, resistance in cancer, and tumor microenvironment. Moreover, RRM2-targeted therapy will be more attention in future therapeutic approaches for enhancement of treatment effects and amelioration of the dismal prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zanwen Zuo
- Innovative Drug R&D Center, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), and School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Zerong Zhou
- Innovative Drug R&D Center, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), and School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuping Shen
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China
| | - Qizhang Li
- Innovative Drug R&D Center, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), and School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Innovative Drug R&D Center, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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10
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Lemberg KM, Ali ES, Krecmerova M, Aguilar JMH, Alt J, Peters DE, Zhao L, Wu Y, Nuha N, Asara JM, Staedtke V, Pratilas CA, Majer P, Rais R, Ben-Sahra I, Slusher BS. Pro-905, a Novel Purine Antimetabolite, Combines with Glutamine Amidotransferase Inhibition to Suppress Growth of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:1390-1403. [PMID: 37616542 PMCID: PMC10690047 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are highly aggressive soft-tissue sarcomas that arise from neural tissues and carry a poor prognosis. Previously, we found that the glutamine amidotransferase inhibitor JHU395 partially impeded tumor growth in preclinical models of MPNST. JHU395 inhibits de novo purine synthesis in human MPNST cells and murine tumors with partial decreases in purine monophosphates. On the basis of prior studies showing enhanced efficacy when glutamine amidotransferase inhibition was combined with the antimetabolite 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), we hypothesized that such a combination would be efficacious in MPNST. Given the known toxicity associated with 6-MP, we set out to develop a more efficient and well-tolerated drug that targets the purine salvage pathway. Here, we report the discovery of Pro-905, a phosphoramidate protide that delivered the active nucleotide antimetabolite thioguanosine monophosphate (TGMP) to tumors over 2.5 times better than equimolar 6-MP. Pro-905 effectively prevented the incorporation of purine salvage substrates into nucleic acids and inhibited colony formation of human MPNST cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Pro-905 inhibited MPNST growth and was well-tolerated in both human patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and murine flank MPNST models. When combined with JHU395, Pro-905 enhanced the colony formation inhibitory potency of JHU395 in human MPNST cells and augmented the antitumor efficacy of JHU395 in mice. In summary, the dual inhibition of the de novo and purine salvage pathways in preclinical models may safely be used to enhance therapeutic efficacy against MPNST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Lemberg
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eunus S. Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marcela Krecmerova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Diane E. Peters
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ying Wu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Naziba Nuha
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John M. Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Verena Staedtke
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christine A. Pratilas
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Pavel Majer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Departments of Medicine, Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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11
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Li J, Zheng S, Fan Y, Tan K. Emerging significance and therapeutic targets of ferroptosis: a potential avenue for human kidney diseases. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:628. [PMID: 37739961 PMCID: PMC10516929 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Kidney diseases remain one of the leading causes of human death and have placed a heavy burden on the medical system. Regulated cell death contributes to the pathology of a plethora of renal diseases. Recently, with in-depth studies into kidney diseases and cell death, a new iron-dependent cell death modality, known as ferroptosis, has been identified and has attracted considerable attention among researchers in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases and therapeutics to treat them. The majority of studies suggest that ferroptosis plays an important role in the pathologies of multiple kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease, and renal cell carcinoma. In this review, we summarize recently identified regulatory molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, discuss ferroptosis pathways and mechanisms of action in various kidney diseases, and describe the protective effect of ferroptosis inhibitors against kidney diseases, especially AKI. By summarizing the prominent roles of ferroptosis in different kidney diseases and the progress made in studying ferroptosis, we provide new directions and strategies for future research on kidney diseases. In summary, ferroptotic factors are potential targets for therapeutic intervention to alleviate different kidney diseases, and targeting them may lead to new treatments for patients with kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Sujuan Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Ke Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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12
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Rodencal J, Kim N, Li VL, He A, Lange M, He J, Tarangelo A, Schafer ZT, Olzmann JA, Sage J, Long JZ, Dixon SJ. A Cell Cycle-Dependent Ferroptosis Sensitivity Switch Governed by EMP2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.19.549715. [PMID: 37502927 PMCID: PMC10370086 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.19.549715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis can be induced by system xc- cystine/glutamate antiporter inhibition or by direct inhibition of the phospholipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). The regulation of ferroptosis in response to system xc- inhibition versus direct GPX4 inhibition may be distinct. Here, we show that cell cycle arrest enhances sensitivity to ferroptosis triggered by GPX4 inhibition but not system xc- inhibition. Arrested cells have increased levels of oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids, which drives sensitivity to GPX4 inhibition. Epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2) expression is reduced upon cell cycle arrest and is sufficient to enhance ferroptosis in response to direct GPX4 inhibition. An orally bioavailable GPX4 inhibitor increased markers of ferroptotic lipid peroxidation in vivo in combination with a cell cycle arresting agent. Thus, responses to different ferroptosis-inducing stimuli can be regulated by cell cycle state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Rodencal
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nathan Kim
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Veronica L. Li
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew He
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mike Lange
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jianping He
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Amy Tarangelo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zachary T. Schafer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - James A. Olzmann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Julien Sage
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jonathan Z. Long
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott J. Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Lead contact
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13
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Xu R, Wang W, Zhang W. Ferroptosis and the bidirectional regulatory factor p53. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:197. [PMID: 37386007 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01517-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death characterized by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation, in contrast with apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis. It can be triggered by many pathological processes, including cellular metabolism, tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and ischemia-reperfusion injuries. In recent years, ferroptosis has been discovered to be associated with p53. P53 is a tumor suppressor protein with multiple and powerful functions in cell cycle arrest, senescence, cell death, repair of DNA damage, and mitophagy. Emerging evidence shows that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in tumor suppression by p53. P53 functions as a key bidirectional regulator of ferroptosis by adjusting metabolism of iron, lipids, glutathione peroxidase 4, reactive oxygen species, and amino acids via a canonical pathway. In addition, a noncanonical pathway of p53 that regulates ferroptosis has been discovered in recent years. The specific details require to be further clarified. These mechanisms provide new ideas for clinical applications, and translational studies of ferroptosis have been performed to treat various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Xu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, First Hospital of Jiliwn University, 130021, Changchun, China
| | - Wanning Wang
- Nephrology Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 130033, Changchun, China.
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14
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Kałuzińska-Kołat Ż, Kołat D, Kośla K, Płuciennik E, Bednarek AK. Delineating the glioblastoma stemness by genes involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements and metabolic alterations. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:302-322. [PMID: 37342224 PMCID: PMC10277965 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Literature data on glioblastoma ongoingly underline the link between metabolism and cancer stemness, the latter is one responsible for potentiating the resistance to treatment, inter alia due to increased invasiveness. In recent years, glioblastoma stemness research has bashfully introduced a key aspect of cytoskeletal rearrangements, whereas the impact of the cytoskeleton on invasiveness is well known. Although non-stem glioblastoma cells are less invasive than glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), these cells also acquire stemness with greater ease if characterized as invasive cells and not tumor core cells. This suggests that glioblastoma stemness should be further investigated for any phenomena related to the cytoskeleton and metabolism, as they may provide new invasion-related insights. Previously, we proved that interplay between metabolism and cytoskeleton existed in glioblastoma. Despite searching for cytoskeleton-related processes in which the investigated genes might have been involved, not only did we stumble across the relation to metabolism but also reported genes that were found to be implicated in stemness. Thus, dedicated research on these genes in GSCs seems justifiable and might reveal novel directions and/or biomarkers that could be utilized in the future. Herein, we review the previously identified cytoskeleton/metabolism-related genes through the prism of glioblastoma stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Żaneta Kałuzińska-Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Lodzkie, Poland
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-136, Lodzkie, Poland
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kośla
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Płuciennik
- Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
| | - Andrzej K Bednarek
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-752, Lodzkie, Poland
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15
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Jie XF, Li YP, Liu S, Fu Y, Xiong YY. miR-491-5p regulates the susceptibility of glioblastoma to ferroptosis through TP53. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 671:309-317. [PMID: 37327702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis has excellent potential in glioblastoma (GBM) therapy. In this study, we attempted to explore the effect of miR 491-5p on ferroptosis in GBM. METHODS In this study, publicly available ferroptosis-related genome maps were used to screen genes upregulated in GBM and their target genes. The Spearman correlation coefficient was applied to analyze the correlation between the tumor protein p53 gene (TP53) and miR-491-5p. The expressions of miR-491-5p and TP53 were determined. The protein abundances of the TP53-encoded factors p53 and p21 were measured. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed. We pretreated U251MG cells and GBM mice with a ferroptosis inducer (erastin). The mitochondrial state was observed. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), total Fe and Fe2+ were calculated. RESULTS The level of TP53 was significantly increased in GBM and negatively correlated with miR-491-5p. miR-491-5p overexpression promoted U251MG cell proliferation, migration and invasion and interfered with the p53/p21 pathway. TP53 supplement reversed the effects of miR-491-5p. U251MG cells and GBM mice exhibited significant accumulations of ROS and iron. Erastin promoted the expression of TP53. Inhibition of TP53 reversed erastin-induced physiological phenotypes. Moreover, miR-491-5p overexpression caused a decrease in the number of damaged mitochondria and the contents of ROS, total Fe and Fe2+. TP53 supplement disrupted miR-491-5p-repressed ferroptosis. Erastin could inhibit GBM growth, and miR-491-5p overexpression impeded the therapeutic effect of erastin. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal the functional diversity of miR-491-5p in GBM and suggest that miR-491-5p/TP53 signaling hinders the sensitivity of GBM to ferroptosis through the p53/p21 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Fang Jie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun-Peng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Ningdu County, Ningdu, 342800, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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16
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Amos A, Amos A, Wu L, Xia H. The Warburg effect modulates DHODH role in ferroptosis: a review. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:100. [PMID: 37147673 PMCID: PMC10161480 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death that suppresses tumor growth. It is activated by extensive peroxidation of membrane phospholipids caused by oxidative stress. GPX4, an antioxidant enzyme, reduces these peroxidized membrane phospholipids thereby inhibiting ferroptosis. This enzyme has two distinct subcellular localization; the cytosol and mitochondria. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) complements mitochondrial GPX4 in reducing peroxidized membrane phospholipids. It is the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Its role in ferroptosis inhibition suggests that DHODH inhibitors could have two complementary mechanisms of action against tumors; inhibiting de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis and enhancing ferroptosis. However, the link between mitochondrial function and ferroptosis, and the involvement of DHODH in the ETC suggests that its role in ferroptosis could be modulated by the Warburg effect. Therefore, we reviewed relevant literature to get an insight into the possible effect of this metabolic reprogramming on the role of DHODH in ferroptosis. Furthermore, an emerging link between DHODH and cellular GSH pool has also been highlighted. These insights could contribute to the rational design of ferroptosis-based anticancer drugs. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvan Amos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kaduna State University, PMB 2339 Tafawa Balewa Way, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Alex Amos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Lirong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - He Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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17
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Dixon SJ, Pratt DA. Ferroptosis: A flexible constellation of related biochemical mechanisms. Mol Cell 2023; 83:1030-1042. [PMID: 36977413 PMCID: PMC10081971 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
It is common to think about and depict biological processes as being governed by fixed pathways with specific components interconnected by concrete positive and negative interactions. However, these models may fail to effectively capture the regulation of cell biological processes that are driven by chemical mechanisms that do not rely absolutely on specific metabolites or proteins. Here, we discuss how ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism with emerging links to disease, may be best understood as a highly flexible mechanism that can be executed and regulated by many functionally related metabolites and proteins. The inherent plasticity of ferroptosis has implications for how to define and study this mechanism in healthy and diseased cells and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Derek A Pratt
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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18
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Gao N, Tang AL, Liu XY, Chen J, Zhang GQ. p53-Dependent ferroptosis pathways in sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110083. [PMID: 37028271 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is caused by complex infections, trauma, and major surgery that results in high morbidity and mortality. As one of the leading causes of death in the intensive care unit (ICU), sepsis causes organ dysfunction and death via a vicious cycle of uncontrolled inflammatory responses and immunosuppression. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cellular death pathway driven by the accumulation of lipid peroxides, which occurs in sepsis. p53 is an important regulator of ferroptosis. Under intracellular/extracellular stimulation and pressure, p53 acts as a transcription factor to regulate the expression of downstream genes, which help cells/bodies to resist stimuli. p53 can also function independently as an important mediator. The understanding of key cellular and molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis facilitates the prognosis of sepsis. This article describes the molecular mechanism and role of p53 in sepsis-induced ferroptosis, and introduces some potential therapeutic targets for sepsis-induced ferroptosis, which highlights the dominant and potential therapeutic role of p53 in sepsis. Keywords: p53, acetylation, Sirt3, ferroptosis, sepsis, therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China
| | - A-Ling Tang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Chen
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing 100029, China.
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19
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Allen AE, Sun Y, Wei F, Reid MA, Locasale JW. Nucleotide metabolism is linked to cysteine availability. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103039. [PMID: 36803962 PMCID: PMC10074211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The small molecule erastin inhibits the cystine-glutamate antiporter, system xc-, which leads to intracellular cysteine and glutathione depletion. This can cause ferroptosis, which is an oxidative cell death process characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation. Erastin and other ferroptosis inducers have been shown to affect metabolism but the metabolic effects of these drugs have not been systematically studied. To this end, we investigated how erastin impacts global metabolism in cultured cells and compared this metabolic profile to that caused by the ferroptosis inducer RAS-selective lethal 3 or in vivo cysteine deprivation. Common among the metabolic profiles were alterations in nucleotide and central carbon metabolism. Supplementing nucleosides to cysteine-deprived cells rescued cell proliferation in certain contexts, showing that these alterations to nucleotide metabolism can affect cellular fitness. While inhibition of the glutathione peroxidase GPX4 caused a similar metabolic profile as cysteine deprivation, nucleoside treatment did not rescue cell viability or proliferation under RAS-selective lethal 3 treatment, suggesting that these metabolic changes have varying importance in different scenarios of ferroptosis. Together, our study shows how global metabolism is affected during ferroptosis and points to nucleotide metabolism as an important target of cysteine deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamarie E Allen
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yudong Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fangchao Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael A Reid
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Structural and Molecular Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
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20
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Armenta DA, Laqtom NN, Alchemy G, Dong W, Morrow D, Poltorack CD, Nathanson DA, Abu-Remalieh M, Dixon SJ. Ferroptosis inhibition by lysosome-dependent catabolism of extracellular protein. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1588-1600.e7. [PMID: 36306785 PMCID: PMC9762237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells need a steady supply of nutrients to evade cell death and proliferate. Depriving cancer cells of the amino acid cystine can trigger the non-apoptotic cell death process of ferroptosis. Here, we report that cancer cells can evade cystine deprivation-induced ferroptosis by uptake and catabolism of the cysteine-rich extracellular protein albumin. This protective mechanism is enhanced by mTORC1 inhibition and involves albumin degradation in the lysosome, predominantly by cathepsin B (CTSB). CTSB-dependent albumin breakdown followed by export of cystine from the lysosome via the transporter cystinosin fuels the synthesis of glutathione, which suppresses lethal lipid peroxidation. When cancer cells are grown under non-adherent conditions as spheroids, mTORC1 pathway activity is reduced, and albumin supplementation alone affords considerable protection against ferroptosis. These results identify the catabolism of extracellular protein within the lysosome as a mechanism that can inhibit ferroptosis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Armenta
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nouf N Laqtom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; The Institute for Chemistry, Engineering, & Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Grace Alchemy
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wentao Dong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; The Institute for Chemistry, Engineering, & Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Danielle Morrow
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - David A Nathanson
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Monther Abu-Remalieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; The Institute for Chemistry, Engineering, & Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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21
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Zhu J, Wang H, Jiang X. mTORC1 beyond anabolic metabolism: Regulation of cell death. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213609. [PMID: 36282248 PMCID: PMC9606688 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a multi-subunit protein kinase complex, interrogates growth factor signaling with cellular nutrient and energy status to control metabolic homeostasis. Activation of mTORC1 promotes biosynthesis of macromolecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and simultaneously suppresses catabolic processes such as lysosomal degradation of self-constituents and extracellular components. Metabolic regulation has emerged as a critical determinant of various cellular death programs, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. In this article, we review the expanding knowledge on how mTORC1 coordinates metabolic pathways to impinge on cell death regulation. We focus on the current understanding on how nutrient status and cellular signaling pathways connect mTORC1 activity with ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death program that has been implicated in a plethora of human diseases. In-depth understanding of the principles governing the interaction between mTORC1 and cell death pathways can ultimately guide the development of novel therapies for the treatment of relevant pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zhu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China,Correspondence to Jiajun Zhu:
| | - Hua Wang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY,Xuejun Jiang:
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22
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Shi J, Yang N, Han M, Qiu C. Emerging roles of ferroptosis in glioma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:993316. [PMID: 36072803 PMCID: PMC9441765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.993316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system, and directly affects the quality of life and cognitive function of patients. Ferroptosis, is a new form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is mainly due to redox imbalance and involves multiple intracellular biology processes, such as iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and antioxidants synthesis. Induction of ferroptosis could be a new target for glioma treatment, and ferroptosis-related processes are associated with chemoresistance and radioresistance in glioma. In the present review, we provide the characteristics, key regulators and pathways of ferroptosis and the crosstalk between ferroptosis and other programmed cell death in glioma, we also proposed the application and prospect of ferroptosis in the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Shi
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingzhi Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Qiu,
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23
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XL L, GY Z, R G, N C. Ferroptosis in sepsis: The mechanism, the role and the therapeutic potential. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956361. [PMID: 35990689 PMCID: PMC9389368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a common critical illness in the Intensive care unit(ICU) and its management and treatment has always been a major challenge in critical care medicine. The dysregulated host response to infection, causing systemic multi-organ and multi-system damage is the main pathogenesis. Notably, intense stress during sepsis can lead to metabolic disturbances of ions, lipids and energy in the organism. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death distinguished by a disruption of iron metabolism and iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides. Mounting researches have established that ferroptosis has an essential part in anti-inflammatory and sepsis, and drugs targeting ferroptosis-related molecules, such as ferroptosis inhibitors, are gradually proving their effectiveness in sepsis. This paper summarizes and reviews the pathogenesis of ferroptosis, its regulatory network, and its vital involvement in the initiation of sepsis and related organ damage, and finally discusses the possible target drugs provided by the above mechanisms, describes the dilemmas as well as the outlook, in the hope of finding more links between ferroptosis and sepsis and providing new perspectives for the future treatment of sepsis.
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