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Zhang Z, Li B, Huang H, Fang Y, Yang W. A Food Poisoning Caused by Salmonella Enterica ( S. Enteritidis) ST11 Carrying Multi-Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in 2019, China. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:1751-1762. [PMID: 38736437 PMCID: PMC11086652 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s452295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was to identify and analyze the pathogen responsible for food poisoning in a tourist group traveling from Macao to Zhuhai. Patients and Methods Samples were obtained from 27 patients of 96 cases, as well as samples of contaminated food in Macau. The collected samples were subjected to serological identification, drug sensitivity analysis, drug resistance gene identification, virulence factor analysis, and tracing. Results Twenty-six isolates and the salad isolate were S. enteritidis ST11. Isolates from patients were exhibited significant resistance to Penicillin AMP (Ampicillin) and quinolones NAL (Nalidixic acid). Among these isolates, 21 strains were resistant to two or more antibiotics, indicating the multi-drug resistance (MDR). Genomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis were performed on 9 of the isolates using whole genome sequencing (WGS). The analysis revealed that the resistance to AMP and NAL was primarily caused by a gryA mutation D87Y (9/9, 100%), and the presence of beta-lactam resistance genes blaOXA-1 (1/9, 11.11%), blaTEM-141 (1/9, 11.11%), and blaTEM-1B (8/9, 88.89%). It was also found a strains isolated from patients had two resistance genes to quinolones or beta-lactam drugs (1/8, 12.5%), respectively. The strains were found to possess 165 virulence genes, one adherence class virulence factor, one invasion class virulence factor and various pathogenicity islands, including SPI-1, SPI-2, SPI-3, SPI-4, SPI-5, SPI-9, SPI-10, SPI-13, SPI-14, SPI-15, SGI 1, CS54_island, and C63PI-1. Additionally, the virulence plasmids were detected, including IncFIB(s)-IncFII(s)-IncX1 (55.56%), IncFIB(s)-IncFII(s) (33.33%), and IncFIB(s)-IncFII(s)-IncHI2-IncHI2A (11.11%). PFGE (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis) and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed a high degree of similarity between Salmonella isolates from patients and food samples from Macao. Conclusion This study identified Salmonella enterica ST11 as the cause of the food poisoning outbreak. The findings highlight the importance of phenotypic characterization and next-generation sequencing (NGS) tools in epidemiological studies and emphasize the potential risk of a new emerging multi-antibiotic ST11 clone for S. enteritidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baisheng Li
- Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Detection for Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huitao Huang
- Institute of Microbiology, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Fang
- Institute of Microbiology, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Yang
- Institute of Microbiology, Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
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Chahouri A, Radouane N, Yacoubi B, Moukrim A, Banaoui A. Microbiological assessment of marine and estuarine ecosystems using fecal indicator bacteria, Salmonella, Vibrio and antibiotic resistance pattern. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113824. [PMID: 35689939 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Marine and estuarine environments are often affected by microbiological contamination that adversely affects their use and severely impacts human health. To examine the influence of anthropogenic activities, this study used two different ecosystems in Agadir Bay, to compare fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and bacterial pathogen profiles over two years. Vibrio target pathogens were detected at a high frequency (49.3%), while a low percentage (5.5%) was noted for Salmonella. Apart from those mentioned above, several other pathogenic bacteria were detected such as Cronobacter sakzakii, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Aeromonas hydrophila. We also investigated the antimicrobial resistance of the pathogenic bacteria isolated. Salmonella strains were sensitive to all the antibiotics used, except ampicillin, amoxicillin + Ac clavulanic and chloramphenicol. And Vibrio strains were resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin. This study highlights the limitations of FIB in assessing the microbiological quality and the importance of environmental surveys in understanding the distribution of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Chahouri
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Nabil Radouane
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, PO Box 2202, Route d'Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco; Department of Plant Protection, Phytopathology Unit, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, BP S 40, Meknès, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Yacoubi
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | | | - Ali Banaoui
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
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Omer MK, Álvarez-Ordoñez A, Prieto M, Skjerve E, Asehun T, Alvseike OA. A Systematic Review of Bacterial Foodborne Outbreaks Related to Red Meat and Meat Products. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:598-611. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2017.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K. Omer
- Animalia–Norwegian Meat and Poultry Research Center, Oslo, Norway
| | - Avelino Álvarez-Ordoñez
- Department of Food Hygiene and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Miguel Prieto
- Department of Food Hygiene and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, León, Spain
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Eystein Skjerve
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tekie Asehun
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
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van de Venter EC, Oliver I, Stuart JM. Timeliness of epidemiological outbreak investigations in peer-reviewed European publications, January 2003 to August 2013. Euro Surveill 2015; 20. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.6.21035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
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Affiliation(s)
- E C van de Venter
- Public Health England, Bristol, United Kingdom
- South West Public Health Training Programme, Health Education South West, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - I Oliver
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Field Epidemiology Service, Public Health England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - J M Stuart
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Resistance genes, phage types and pulsed field gel electrophoresis pulsotypes in Salmonella enterica strains from laying hen farms in southern Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:3347-62. [PMID: 23924880 PMCID: PMC3774442 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10083347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-four Salmonella enterica isolates (13 serovar Enteritidis and 11 Typhimurium) isolated from 5,600 samples from intensive laying hen farms in Italy in 1998-2007 were characterized for antimicrobial resistance genes, pulsotype and phage type. Most of S. Typhimurium strains were pulsotype STYMXB.0147 (81.8%), phage type DT143 and resistant to sulfamethoxazole encoded by sul2. Two multidrug resistant (MDR) strains were identified. One strain, STYMXB.0061, was resistant to ampicillin (A), chloramphenicol (C), streptomycin (S), sulfamethoxazole (Su) and tetracycline (T) encoded by the Salmonella Genomic Island SGI1. The second MDR strain, STYMXB.0110, was resistant to SSuT encoded by sul1 and sul2, aadA1 and tet(C)-flanked by an IS26 element, respectively. The tet(C) gene has been reported to confer low levels of resistance and it has very rarely been detected in S. Typhimurium from poultry. In the current study, the MIC value (32 µg/mL) was consistent with the breakpoint (≥16 µg/mL) reported for Enterobacteriaceae. Most of the S. Enteritidis strains were resistant to Su (encoded by sul2). One MDR strain (ANxSSuT) was identified. With the exception of nalidixic acid (Nx), the resistances were respectively encoded by bla(TEM), strAB, sul2 and tet(A) harbored by an IncN conjugative plasmid. All isolates were pulsotype SENTXB.0001 with PT14b being the most prevalent identified phage type (57.1%). In Europe, SENTXB.0001 is the predominant PFGE profile from clinical cases and the identification of PT14b has steadily been on the increase since 2001. The findings presented in this study highlight the potential spread of S. Enteritidis phage types PT14b and S. Typhimurium DT143 in a field of particular relevance for zoonoses. Additional, the presence of resistance genes and genetic elements (conjugative plasmid and IS element) underlines the need to assess routinely studies in field, such as poultry farms, relevant fot the public health and suitable for the storage and diffusion of antimicrobial resistance.
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Zdragas A, Mazaraki K, Vafeas G, Giantzi V, Papadopoulos T, Ekateriniadou L. Prevalence, seasonal occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in poultry retail products in Greece. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 55:308-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03298.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and relation to indicator and pathogenic microorganisms of Salmonella enterica isolated from surface waters within an agricultural landscape. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2012; 216:435-44. [PMID: 22901425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During a 12 month period (June 2007-May 2008), the prevalence and susceptibility of Salmonella serovars and their relation to specific pathogenic and indicator bacteria in river and coastal waters was investigated. A total of 240 water samples were collected from selected sites in Acheron and Kalamas Rivers and the Ionian Sea coast in north western Greece. The samples were analyzed for Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli O157, Staphylococci, Pseudomonas spp., Total Coliforms, Fecal Coliforms, Fecal Streptococci, Total Heterotrophic Flora at 20°C and at 37°C, fungi and protozoa (Cryptosporidium, Giardia). Susceptibility tests to nine antimicrobials (ampicillin, amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulavic acid, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam) were performed using the disk diffusion method for Salmonella isolates. We isolated 28 serovars of Salmonella spp. identified as Salmonella enteritidis (23), Salmonella thompson (3) and Salmonella virchow (2). Multi-drug resistant Salmonella serovars were isolated from both river and marine waters, with 34.8% of S. enteritidis and 100% of S. virchow being resistant to more than 3 antibiotics. Also we isolated 42 strains of Listeria spp. identified as L. monocytogenes (20), L. innocua (9), L. seeligeri (2) and L. ivanovii (11). All the Listeria isolates were susceptible to the tested antibiotics. No Campylobacter spp., E. coli O157, Cryptosporidium and Giardia were detected. The overall ranges (and average counts) of the indicator bacteria were: Total Coliforms 0-4×10(4)cfu/100ml (3.7×10(3)cfu/100ml), Fecal Coliforms 0-9×10(3)cfu/100ml (9.2×10(2)cfu/100ml), Fecal Streptococci 0-3.5×10(4)cfu/100ml (1.4×10(3)cfu/100ml), Total Heterotrophic Flora at 20°C 0-6×10(3)cfu/ml (10(3)cfu/ml) and at 37°C 0-5×10(3)cfu/ml (4.9×10(2)cfu/ml). Weak or non significant positive Spearman correlations (p<0.05, rs range: 0.13-0.77) were obtained between Salmonella, Listeria, fungi and indicator bacteria. The results underline the complexity of the interrelations between pathogens and indicator bacteria, and the necessity to assess the presence of resistant bacteria in the aquatic environments.
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Pavli A, Maltezou HC. Travelling to Greece for the summer 2011 Special Olympics. Travel Med Infect Dis 2011; 9:135-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Imported Salmonella Enteritidis cases: a multiphage outbreak among Austrian vacationers in Turkey, 2008. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2009; 121:144-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00508-008-1136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Spiliopoulou I, Zografou S, Goula A, Dimitracopoulos G, Christofidou M. Molecular Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Salmonella enterica from Southwestern Greece. Chemotherapy 2007; 53:392-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000109768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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