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Alamri ZZ. Apigenin attenuates indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats: emphasis on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and TGF-β1 enhancing activities. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03200-w. [PMID: 38842560 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. The most two common causes of the ulcer are Helicobacter pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the past few decades, a significant decrease in the morbidity and mortality rate has been observed probably due to the discovery of proton pump inhibitors. However, the medications used to treat gastric ulcers impose several nauseous side effects. Therefore, recent studies focus on the use of natural products to treat gastric ulcers. In the current study, gastric ulcer was effectively induced using indomethacin, and the protective effect of apigenin, a potent antioxidant flavonoid, was assessed in comparison to omeprazole. The administration of a single oral indomethacin (50 mg/kg) induced gastric ulcer as manifested by hemorrhagic lesions in the gastric mucosa, increased ulcer index, and histopathological alterations. Indomethacin also increased lipid peroxidation, decreased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, increased the immunoreactivity of the inflammatory markers cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), increased the transcription of the apoptotic marker, Bax, and decreased that of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Indomethacin also decreased the immunoreactivity of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). On the other hand, pretreatment with apigenin (10 and 20 mg/kg) resulted in a dose-dependent improvement in the macroscopic and microscopic features of the gastric mucosa in a manner comparable to that of omeprazole. The gastroprotective effects of apigenin may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory, anti-antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities as well as enhancing the expression of TGF-β1. Further experimental and clinical research is required to confirm activity of apigenin as anti-ulcer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, P.O.Box 80327, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Alhakamy NA, Alamoudi AJ, Asfour HZ, Ahmed OAA, Abdel-Naim AB, Aboubakr EM. L-arginine mitigates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats through regulation of HO-1/PPAR-γ/β-catenin axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111834. [PMID: 38493696 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressively deteriorating lung condition that can be replicated in laboratory animals by administering bleomycin, a chemotherapeutic antibiotic known for its lung fibrosis-inducing side effects. L-arginine, a semi-essential amino acid, is recognized for its diverse biological functions, including its potential to counteract fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the antifibrotic properties of L-arginine on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. The administration of a single intratracheal dose of bleomycin resulted in visible and microscopic damage to lung tissues, an uptick in oxidative stress markers, and an elevation in inflammatory, apoptotic, and fibrotic indicators. A seven-day treatment with L-arginine post-bleomycin exposure markedly improved the gross and histological architecture of the lungs, prevented the rise of malondialdehyde and carbonyl content, and enhanced total antioxidant capacity alongside the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Also, L-arginine attenuated the expression of the pro-fibrotic factors, transforming growth factor-β and lactate dehydrogenase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In the lung tissue, L-arginine reduced collagen deposition, hydroxyproline concentration, and mucus production, along with decreasing expression of α-smooth muscle actin, tumor necrosis factor-α, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and β-catenin. Moreover, it boosted levels of nitric oxide and upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and E-cadherin and downregulating the expression of β-catenin. These findings suggest that L-arginine has preventive activities against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. This effect can be attributed to the increased production of nitric oxide, which modulates the HO-1/PPAR-γ/β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsin J Alamoudi
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Osama A A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf B Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M Aboubakr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
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Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Durjava M, Kouba M, López‐Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Anguita M, Galobart J, Manini P, Vettori MV, Innocenti M. Safety of feed additives consisting of microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose for all animal species (International Cellulosics Association). EFSA J 2024; 22:e8625. [PMID: 38435092 PMCID: PMC10905329 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose as technological feed additives for all animal species. In its previous opinions on the safety and efficacy of the products, the FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on proper identification and characterisation as required for a feed additive. The occurrence of potential toxic impurities could also not be assessed. Based on the new data provided, the feed additives microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose were properly identified and characterised and were shown to meet the specifications set for their use as food additives. Therefore, the conclusions of the safety reached in the previous opinions for microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose meeting the food additive specifications apply to the microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose under assessment as feed additives. The additives are considered safe for all animal species, the consumer and the environment. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel is not in the position to conclude on the safety for the user.
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Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos MDL, Christensen H, Dusemund B, Durjava M, Kouba M, López‐Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Anguita M, Galobart J, Manini P, Vettori MV, Innocenti M. Safety of feed additives consisting of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (E 464) and methyl cellulose (E 461) for all animal species (International Cellulosics Association). EFSA J 2024; 22:e8637. [PMID: 38425419 PMCID: PMC10902760 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and methyl cellulose as technological feed additives for all animal species. In its previous opinions on the safety and efficacy of the products, the FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on proper identification and characterisation as required for a feed additive. The occurrence of potential toxic impurities could also not be assessed. Based on the new data provided, the feed additives hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and methyl cellulose were properly identified and characterised and were shown to meet the specifications set for the food additives. Therefore, the conclusions of the safety assessments reached in the previous opinions for hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and methyl cellulose meeting the food additive specifications, apply to the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and methyl cellulose under assessment as feed additives. The additives are considered safe for all animal species, the consumer and the environment. In the absence of data, the FEEDAP Panel is not in the position to conclude on the safety for the user.
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Tahiri M, Johnsrud C, Steffensen IL. Evidence and hypotheses on adverse effects of the food additives carrageenan (E 407)/processed Eucheuma seaweed (E 407a) and carboxymethylcellulose (E 466) on the intestines: a scoping review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2023; 53:521-571. [PMID: 38032203 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2270574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This scoping review provides an overview of publications reporting adverse effects on the intestines of the food additives carrageenan (CGN) (E 407)/processed Eucheuma seaweed (PES) (E 407a) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (E 466). It includes evidence from human, experimental mammal and in vitro research publications, and other evidence. The databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Epistemonikos were searched without time limits, in addition to grey literature. The publications retrieved were screened against predefined criteria. From two literature searches, 2572 records were screened, of which 224 records were included, as well as 38 records from grey literature, making a total of 262 included publications, 196 on CGN and 101 on CMC. These publications were coded and analyzed in Eppi-Reviewer and data gaps presented in interactive maps. For CGN, five, 69 and 33 research publications on humans, experimental mammals and in vitro experiments were found, further separated as degraded or native (non-degraded) CGN. For CMC, three human, 20 animal and 14 in vitro research publications were obtained. The most studied adverse effects on the intestines were for both additives inflammation, the gut microbiome, including fermentation, intestinal permeability, and cancer and metabolic effects, and immune effects for CGN. Further studies should focus on native CGN, in the form and molecular weight used as food additive. For both additives, randomized controlled trials of sufficient power and with realistic dietary exposure levels of single additives, performed in persons of all ages, including potentially vulnerable groups, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirlinda Tahiri
- Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Celine Johnsrud
- Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger-Lise Steffensen
- Department of Food Safety, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Wang S, Kong M, Li W, Yi E, Wang Y, Shen M, Liu H, Ren S, Guo Y, Zhang J. Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Polyacrylamide/Fe 3O 4 Magnetic Ion Imprinting Biosorbent for Removal and Recovery of La 3. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:37374-37383. [PMID: 37841133 PMCID: PMC10569018 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
To use resources rationally, the recovery and recycling of rare earth (RE) from industrial sewage have attracted a lot of attention. Herein, a polymer adsorbent CMC/PAM/Fe3O4 (CPF) was synthesized from renewable carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide (PAM), and Fe3O4 by the template of La3+ using ion imprinting technology. The CPF was characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and results show that PAM and CMC can crosslink with each other and form copolymers with Fe3O4 particles dispersing in it. The adsorption properties for the template ions La3+ were fully studied. It is found that CPF exhibited good adsorption performance with an adsorption capacity of 34.6 mg·g-1. Cycling experiments show that CPF still has high efficiency even after 5 cycles. Meanwhile, the desorption rate can reach more than 98%. The low wastage and high adsorption/desorption efficiency would enable CPF to be a good candidate adsorbent for removal/recovery of La3+ from industrial sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuteng Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Enjie Yi
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Harbin
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150056, China
| | - Minghui Shen
- Harbin
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 150056, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shixue Ren
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuanru Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiguo Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Ghonaim AH, Hopo MG, Ismail AK, AboElnaga TR, Elgawish RA, Abdou RH, Elhady KA. Hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of silymarin against salinomycin-induced toxicity in adult rabbits. Vet World 2022; 15:2244-2252. [DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2244-2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Salinomycin sodium, a licensed coccidiostat in rabbits, is used for fattening at a dose of 20–25 mg/kg. Salinomycin toxicity may arise from many risk factors (e.g., overdosage or use in non-target animal species). Silymarin extracted from milk thistle has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. This study aimed to investigate the adverse impacts of oral administration of salinomycin for 28 consecutive days and how to reduce its risks and side effects by administering silymarin.
Materials and Methods: Eighty-four male New Zealand White bucks (1.750–2.000 kg) were randomly divided into seven groups (12 each). Group one was the control. Groups two and three were administered salinomycin orally (doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg ration). Group four was administered salinomycin (20 mg/kg ration) and silymarin (6.5 mg/kg body weight [BW]). Group five received salinomycin (40 mg/kg ration) and silymarin (13 mg/kg BW). Groups six and seven were administered silymarin at doses of 6.5 and 13 mg/kg BW. Rabbits were euthanized and slaughtered on day 29 using the Halal method. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, urea, total proteins, albumin, total cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL) were analyzed in serum. Glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated in the liver. A histopathological investigation was performed on the liver and kidney.
Results: The MDA activity, AST, ALT, total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, urea, and creatinine values were significantly elevated in groups two and three. The GSH, catalase, SOD, and HDL were significantly lower in these groups than in the control group. There were moderate pathologic changes in the liver and kidney of the third group . However, the results of the fourth and fifth groups improved more than those of the second and third groups. The results of the sixth and seventh groups were nearly the same as those of the control group.
Conclusion: Salinomycin toxicity was caused by oxidative damage because of reactive oxygen species formation. Silymarin (6.5 or 13 mg/kg BW) tends to prevent and treat accidental toxicity. However, the high dose of silymarin (13 mg/kg BW) had more renal and hepatoprotective capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Ghonaim
- Department of Animal Health, Desert Research Center, Cairo, 11435, Egypt
| | | | - Ayman K. Ismail
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek R. AboElnaga
- Department of Animal Health, Desert Research Center, Cairo, 11435, Egypt
| | - Rania Abdelrahman Elgawish
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Rania H. Abdou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Kawther A. Elhady
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Srivastava D, Fatima Z, Kaur CD, Mishra A, Sanap Nashik S, Rizvi DA, Prasad R. Glibenclamide - Malonic Acid Cocrystal with an Enhanced Solubility and Bioavailability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:417-424. [PMID: 36073946 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2122987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the work is to enhance the solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetic properties of Glibenclamide (GLB) via cocrystallization technique. Significance: Glibenclamide (GLB) is an oral hypoglycemic agent used for treating non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus. It exhibits poor aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability, thereby compromising its therapeutic effect. Therefore, utilizing cocrystal approach for enhancing the solubility will modulate the physicochemical properties of GLB without altering its molecular structure. METHODS Cocrystal was prepared by solution crystallization method using coformer malonic acid. The cocrystal was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) studies. The prepared cocrystal was subjected to solubility, in vitro dissolution, and pharmacokinetic studies. RESULTS The DSC endotherms, PXRD patterns and the FT-IR spectra of the cocrystal established the formation of a cocrystal. The formation of eutectic mixture was refuted upon comparing the DSC endotherm and PXRD pattern of the cocrystal with that of the physical mixture. GLB showed a two-fold enhancement in solubility and a significant improvement in the rate of dissolution (p < 0.05, Independent t-test) after cocrystallization. The pharmacokinetic parameters on male Sprague Drawly rats showed 1.45 enhancement in AUC 0-24 and 1.36 -fold enhancement in the Cmax of GLB as compared to the pure drug. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that cocrystallization technique was able to tailor the solubility and dissolution profile of GLB leading to an enhanced pharmacokinetic property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Srivastava
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Zeeshan Fatima
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, India
| | | | - Anjali Mishra
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Sachin Sanap Nashik
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Dilshad A Rizvi
- Department of Pharmacology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Rammani Prasad
- Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835 215, India
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Agrawal Y, Patil K, Mahajan H, Potdar M, Joshi P, Nakhate K, Sharma C, Goyal SN, Ojha S. In vitro and in vivo characterization of Entacapone-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers developed by quality-by-design approach. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1112-1121. [PMID: 35380091 PMCID: PMC8986208 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2058651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Entacapone, a reversible catechol-o-methyl transferase inhibitor, is used to enhance the action of dopamine agonists by reducing their metabolism and the 'Wearing-off' effects associated with long-term use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It is used as an adjunct to levodopa/Carbidopa therapy. Due to limited dissolution and first-pass clearance, it suffers low and variable bioavailability issues. To overcome this problem, the present study aims to explore the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for the delivery of Entacapone. The Quality by Design (QbD) approach was used for the systematic development of NLCs. The 23 full factorial designs were investigated using Design-Expert®11 software. The three independent variables namely content of total lipid (X1), surfactant (X2), and sonication time (X3) were optimized against two responses namely particle size and entrapment efficiency. The optimized NLCs were characterized for their size, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency, drug release, thermal and crystallographic studies. In-vivo pharmacokinetic studies in Entacapone-loaded NLCs showed an increase in t1/2, AUC0-∞, MRT compared to free drug. The reduction in elimination (Kel) depicts the prolonged action of Entacapone by loading in NLCs. The results displayed Entacapone-loaded NLCs have promising potential for oral delivery and enhanced therapeutic effect which otherwise was a major issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogeeta Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Kiran Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Hitendra Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Mrugendra Potdar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Pratiksha Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Kartik Nakhate
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Karakuş S, Insel MA, Kahyaoğlu İM, Albayrak İ, Ustun-Alkan F. Characterization, optimization, and evaluation of preservative efficacy of carboxymethyl cellulose/hydromagnesite stromatolite bio-nanocomposite. CELLULOSE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 29:3871-3887. [PMID: 35342231 PMCID: PMC8938648 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-022-04522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, researchers are focusing on the development of nano-additive preservatives during the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. This research aimed to constitute a small sized preservative nano-formulation which emerges from the biopolymer carboxymethyl cellulose (a green stabilizing agent) and hydromagnesite stromatolite (a fossilized natural additive). In this study, we investigated the optimization of the experimental design of carboxymethyl cellulose/hydromagnesite stromatolite (CMC/HS) bio-nanocomposites using a green and one-step sonochemical method at room temperature. In addition, we constructed a mathematical model which relates the intrinsic viscosity with all operating variables, and we carried out statistical error analysis to assess the validity of the proposed model. The characterization and chemical functional groups of CMC/HS bio-nanocomposites were determined by different advanced techniques such as SEM, HRTEM, DLS, FTIR, XRD, and BET. The challenge test was used to show the preservative efficacy of CMC/HS bio-nanocomposites against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus brasiliensis. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed on L929 cells to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of CMC/HS bio-nanocomposites. According to the results, we showed that the synthesized CMC/HS bio-nanocomposites have no cytototoxic effects on L929 fibroblast cells and could be considered to be an alternative green nano-additive preservative against pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selcan Karakuş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mert Akın Insel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - İnci Albayrak
- Department of Mathematical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, 34210 Turkey
| | - Fulya Ustun-Alkan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34500 Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Chaudhary NK, Guragain B, Rai S, Chaudhary N, Chaudhary R, Sachin KM, Lamichhane-Khadka R, Bhattarai A. Alcohol-Based Sanitizers: An Effective Means for Preventing the Spread of Contagious Viral Diseases Including COVID-19. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-2020-2314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The global community is struggling with the highly contagious COVID-19. Returning to \normal life" now poses risks, and the use of appropriate protective measures has become necessary to continue daily life and protect public health. The main protective measures to prevent transmission of COVID-19 are masks, soaps and disinfectants. Because coronavirus is a \lipid-enveloped virus", it is very sensitive to lipid-dissolving chemicals and can therefore be effectively removed by washing hands sufficiently with soap and water. However, using an alcohol-based disinfectant is a more viable option for outdoor use. Alcohol-based disinfectants are inexpensive, immediately effective, easy to use and better tolerated by the skin compared to other disinfectants. WHO recommends disinfectants containing 75% isopropanol or 80% ethanol as highly effective in inactivating the SARS-CoV-2-virus. The current review discusses the role of alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) in preventing the spread of viruses, their side effects on human health, and suggests the use of alcohol-based sanitizers as potentially effective in combating the current epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus (Tribhuvan University) , Biratnagar , Nepal
| | - Biswash Guragain
- Department of Chemistry, Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus (Tribhuvan University) , Biratnagar , Nepal
| | - Summi Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus (Tribhuvan University) , Biratnagar , Nepal
| | - Nabina Chaudhary
- Dhaka Central International Medical College, Dhaka University , Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Rahul Chaudhary
- Dhaka Central International Medical College, Dhaka University , Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - KM Sachin
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat , Gandhinagar , Gujarat India
- Swarrnim Science College, Swarnim Startup and Innovation University , Gandhinagar , Gujarat , India
| | | | - Ajaya Bhattarai
- Department of Chemistry, Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus (Tribhuvan University) , Biratnagar , Nepal
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Chen Q, Tai X, Li J, Li C, Guo L. High Internal Phase Emulsions Synergistically Stabilized by Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Palm Kernel Oil Ethoxylates as an Essential Oil Delivery System. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4191-4203. [PMID: 33787238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) with an internal phase fraction of 84 vol % were prepared using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and palm kernel oil ethoxylates (SOE-N-60) as a dual emulsifier. Effects of the oil-phase volume fraction, CMC concentration, and SOE-N-60 concentration on oil-in-water HIPEs stability were systematically studied by a Mastersizer 2000 instrument, Lx POL polarizing microscope, rheometer, etc. The bioavailability of tea tree oil can be effectively protected using HIPEs as a delivery system. The experimental results showed that, with the increase of the concentrations of CMC and SOE-N-60, the droplet size of HIPEs gradually decreases and the HIPEs showed good static stability. In addition, it was observed by scanning electron microscopy that the polyHIPEs materials using HIPEs stabilized by different SOE-N-60 and CMC concentrations as templates had different structures. Moreover, the synergism between CMC and SOE-N-60 surfactants plays a significant role in the preparation and stability of HIPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemistry Company, Limited, 34 Wenyuan Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Tai
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemistry Company, Limited, 34 Wenyuan Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyun Li
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemistry Company, Limited, 34 Wenyuan Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Li
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemistry Company, Limited, 34 Wenyuan Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxiao Guo
- China Research Institute of Daily Chemistry Company, Limited, 34 Wenyuan Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, People's Republic of China
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