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Ricciardolo FLM, Folkerts G, Folino A, Mognetti B. Bradykinin in asthma: Modulation of airway inflammation and remodelling. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 827:181-188. [PMID: 29548973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bradykinin, a pro-inflammatory molecule, and its related peptides have been studied for their effects on acute reactions in upper and lower airways, where they can be synthesised and metabolized after exposure to different stimuli including allergens and viral infection. Bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors are constitutively expressed in the airways on several residential and/or immune cells. Their expression can also be induced by inflammatory mediators, usually associated with eosinophil and neutrophil recruitment, such as IL-4, IL-13, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, via intracellular MAPK and NF-κB signalling. In turn, the latters up-regulate both bradykinin receptors. Bradykinin activates epithelial/endothelial and immune cells, neurons and mesenchymal cells (such as fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells), which are implicated in the development of airway chronic inflammation, responsiveness and remodelling (a major feature of severe asthma). This review highlights the role of bradykinin and its receptors in respect to chronic inflammatory response involving eosinophils/neutrophils and to vascular/matrix-related airway remodelling in asthmatic airways. This scenario is especially important for understanding the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic and/or neutrophilic asthma and hence their therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio L M Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Department of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anna Folino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Mognetti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Ricciardolo FLM, Petecchia L, Sorbello V, Di Stefano A, Usai C, Massaglia GM, Gnemmi I, Mognetti B, Hiemstra PS, Sterk PJ, Sabatini F. Bradykinin B2 receptor expression in the bronchial mucosa of allergic asthmatics: the role of NF-kB. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:428-38. [PMID: 26588817 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bradykinin (BK) mediates acute allergic asthma and airway remodelling. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) is potentially involved in BK B2 receptor (B2R) regulation. OBJECTIVE In this observational cross-sectional study, B2R and NF-kB expression was evaluated in bronchial biopsies from mild asthmatics (after diluent/allergen challenge) and healthy controls, examining the role of NF-kB in B2R expression in primary human fibroblasts from normal and asthmatic subjects (HNBFb and HABFb). METHODS B2R and NF-kB (total and nuclear) expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry in biopsies from 10 mild intermittent asthmatics (48 h after diluent/allergen challenge) and 10 controls undergoing bronchoscopy. B2R co-localization in 5B5(+) and αSMA(+) mesenchymal cells was studied by immunofluorescence/confocal microscopy, and B2R expression in HABFb/HNBFb incubated with interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 with/without BK, and after NF-kB inhibitor, by Western blotting. RESULTS Bronchial mucosa B2R and nuclear NF-kB expression was higher in asthmatics after diluent (B2R only) and allergen challenge than in controls (P < 0.05), while B2R and NF-kB (total and nuclear) increased after allergen compared with after diluent (P < 0.05). Allergen exposure increased B2R expression in 5B5(+) and αSMA(+) cells. Constitutive B2R protein expression was higher in HABFb than in HNBFb (P < 0.05) and increased in both cell types after IL-13 or IL-4/IL-13 and BK treatment. This increase was suppressed by a NF-kB inhibitor (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bronchial B2R expression is constitutively elevated in allergic asthma and is further increased after allergen exposure together with NF-kB expression. NF-kB inhibitor blocked IL-4/IL-13-induced increase in B2R expression in cultured fibroblasts, suggesting a role as potential anti-asthma drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L M Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - L Petecchia
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Genoa, Italy
| | - V Sorbello
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - A Di Stefano
- Pulmonary Division, Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
| | - C Usai
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Genoa, Italy
| | - G M Massaglia
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - I Gnemmi
- Pulmonary Division, Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Veruno (Novara), Italy
| | - B Mognetti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano (Torino), Italy
| | - P S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P J Sterk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Sabatini
- Laboratory of Stem cells and Cell therapy, Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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Gangwar RS, Landolina N, Arpinati L, Levi-Schaffer F. Mast cell and eosinophil surface receptors as targets for anti-allergic therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 170:37-63. [PMID: 27773785 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopesh Singh Gangwar
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nadine Landolina
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ludovica Arpinati
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Carroll WW, O'Connell BP, Schlosser RJ, Gudis DA, Karnezis TT, Lawrence LA, Soler ZM, Mulligan JK. Fibroblast levels are increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and are associated with worse subjective disease severity. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2015; 6:162-8. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William W. Carroll
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
| | - Brendan P. O'Connell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
| | - Rodney J. Schlosser
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center; Charleston SC
| | - David A. Gudis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
| | - Tom T. Karnezis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
| | - Lauren A. Lawrence
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
| | - Zachary M. Soler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
| | - Jennifer K. Mulligan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center; Charleston SC
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC
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Ricciardolo FLM, Blasi F, Centanni S, Rogliani P. Therapeutic novelties of inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators in asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2015; 33:1-10. [PMID: 26014510 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Orally inhaled agents are a key therapeutic class for treatment of asthma. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the most effective anti-inflammatory treatment for asthma thus representing the first-line therapy and bronchodilators complement the effects of ICSs. A significant body of evidence indicates that addition of a β2-agonist to ICS therapy is more effective than increasing the dose of ICS monotherapy. In this paper, pharmacological features of available ICSs and bronchodilators will be reviewed with a focus on fluticasone propionate/formoterol fumarate combination which represents the one of the most powerful ICS acting together with the most rapid active LABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio L M Ricciardolo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesco Blasi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Centanni
- Respiratory Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Unit of Respiratory Clinical Pharmacology, Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
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Franke J, Abraham G. Concomitant inhibition of primary equine bronchial fibroblast proliferation and differentiation by selective β2-adrenoceptor agonists and dexamethasone. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 741:205-13. [PMID: 25128704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Altered airway cell proliferation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of human bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as the equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) with consistent changes, i.e. narrowing the airway wall, explained by proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts. In permanent cell lines, it has been suggested that β2-adrenoceptor agonists and glucocorticoids regulate cell proliferation via the β2-adrenoceptor pathway; indeed, no study was carried out in fresh isolated primary equine bronchial fibroblasts (EBF). We characterized the β-adrenoceptors in EBF, and compared effects of long-acting (clenbuterol) and short-acting (salbutamol and isoproterenol) β2-agonists and dexamethasone on proliferation, differentiation and collagen synthesis. High density (Bmax; 5037±494 sites/cell) of β2-adrenoceptor subtype was expressed in EBF. β2-agonists inhibited concentration-dependently EBF proliferation with potency of clenbuterol>salbutamol »isoproterenol which was inhibited by ICI 118.551 and propranolol but not by CGP 20712A. In contrast, dexamethasone alone inhibited less EBF proliferation, but the effect was high when dexamethasone was combined with β2-agonists. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) increased transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, which was inhibited by clenbuterol and dexamethasone alone and drug combination resulted in high inhibition rate. Collagen synthesis in EBF was rather hampered by dexamethasone than by β-agonists. Collectively, the expression of β2-adrenoceptor subtype in EBF and the anti-proliferative effect of clenbuterol suggest that β2-adrenoceptors are growth inhibitory and anti-fibrotic in EBF. These β2-agonist effects in EBF were synergistically enhanced by dexamethasone, providing the additive effects of glucocorticoids to counteract airway remodelling and morbidity of asthma and RAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Franke
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Getu Abraham
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 15, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Abstract
In the last decade, many epidemiologic studies have investigated the link between vitamin D deficiency and asthma. Most studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of asthma and allergies. Low levels of vitamin D have been associated with asthma severity and loss of control, together with recurrent exacerbations. Remodeling is an early event in asthma described as a consequence of production of mediators and growth factors by inflammatory and resident bronchial cells. Consequently, lung function is altered, with a decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second and exacerbated airway hyperresponsiveness. Subepithelial fibrosis and airway smooth muscle cell hypertrophy are typical features of structural changes in the airways. In animal models, vitamin D deficiency enhances inflammation and bronchial anomalies. In severe asthma of childhood, major remodeling is observed in patients with low vitamin D levels. Conversely, the antifibrotic and antiproliferative effects of vitamin D in smooth muscle cells have been described in several experiments. In this review, we briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding the relationship between vitamin D and asthma, and focus on its effect on airway remodeling and its potential therapeutic impact for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Berraies
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, and Research Unit 12SP15 Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Hamzaoui
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, and Research Unit 12SP15 Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Agnes Hamzaoui
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, and Research Unit 12SP15 Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
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