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Harteveld KL, Heister AJ, Giordano PC, Losekoot M, Bernini LF. Rapid detection of point mutations and polymorphisms of the alpha-globin genes by DGGE and SSCA. Hum Mutat 1996; 7:114-22. [PMID: 8829628 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1996)7:2<114::aid-humu5>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the application of DGGE and SSCA for the identification of point mutations causing alpha-thalassemia. The alpha-globin genes were amplified in three overlapping fragments of 250 bp (I), 540 bp (II), and 600 bp (III), respectively. Fragments II and III were analysed by DGGE, while fragments I and II were analysed by SSCA. A panel of seven previously identified mutations was employed to test the combined DGGE/SSCA strategy: 5/5 and 6/7 mutations were detected by SSCA and DGGE, respectively. The same approach has also led to the identification of eight disease-causing mutations in a sample of 18 presumed non-deletional alpha-thalassemia carriers. During this pilot study, two novel mutations as well as three new polymorphisms were found. The combined application of SSCA and DGGE allows the rapid identification of mutations responsible for alpha-thalassemia and abnormal globin chain variants. Moreover, it will prove extremely useful for pre- and postnatal diagnosis and in screening programs for non-deletional alpha-thalassemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Harteveld
- Department of Human Genetics, Sylvius Laboratory, State University Leiden, The Netherlands
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2
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Masala B, Manca L. Detection of globin chains by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Methods Enzymol 1994; 231:21-44. [PMID: 8041252 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(94)31005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Masala
- Institute of General Physiology and Biological Chemistry, University of Sassari, Italy
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3
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Ferranti P, Parlapiano A, Malorni A, Pucci P, Marino G, Cossu G, Manca L, Masala B. Hemoglobin Ozieri: a new alpha-chain variant (alpha 71(E20)Ala-->Val). Characterization using FAB- and electrospray-mass spectrometric techniques. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1993; 1162:203-8. [PMID: 8448185 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(93)90148-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A new silent hemoglobin variant, Hb Ozieri (alpha 71(E20)Ala-->Val), was observed in five apparently unrelated newborn babies during a screening for hemoglobinopathies on the island of Sardinia. This asymptomatic variant was detected by means of isoelectric focusing (IEF), isolated using IEF in an immobilized ultranarrow pH-gradient and characterized at the structural level using FAB- and electrospray-mass spectrometric techniques. A Val for Ala substitution was unambiguously detected at position 71 of the alpha-globin chain. This substitution indicates that a C to T transition occurred in the GCG codon for Ala which contains one of the 35 unmethylated CpG dinucleotides of the alpha-globin gene. This observation brings the number of variants due to a mutation in the alpha-globin gene CpGs (the third instance of a silent mutation) to 13 and raises the possibility that unmethylated CpGs might be hotspots for mutations as the methylated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferranti
- Servizio di Spettrometria di Massa, CNR, Napoli, Italy
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4
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Manca L, Cocco E, Cossu G, Masala B. Identification of Hb Hamilton or beta 11(A8)Val----Ile gene by the polymerase chain reaction amplification technique. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1139:17-9. [PMID: 1610915 DOI: 10.1016/0925-4439(92)90076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Amplification of the beta-globin gene by the PCR technique, followed by the enzymatic digestion of the DNA fragment obtained, was used to easily identify the human beta-globin variant Hb Hamilton which is characterized by the valine to isoleucine substitution at position 11. The result revealed the predicted G to A transition at codon 11 which abolishes a MaeIII restriction site. This mutation, which is rather common among Sardinians, is at the level of one of the five CpG dinucleotides of the beta-globin gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Manca
- Institute of General Physiology and Biological Chemistry, University of Sassari Ozieri, Italy
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Liu TC, Yen JS, Shen JS, Chen YH, Lee LS, Chen PH, Chang JG. Rapid molecular diagnosis of hemoglobin variants by RT-PCR of reticulocyte mRNA and direct sequencing. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:379-88. [PMID: 1428942 DOI: 10.3109/03630269209005689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a rapid and simple approach for the molecular characterization of hemoglobin variants by a one-step reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of reticulocyte mRNA and direct sequencing of the product. This method can selectively amplify the alpha 1- or alpha 2-globin gene or the beta-globin gene transcript. The amino acid substitution of Hb G-Taichung is due to a G----C mutation at codon 74 of the alpha 1-globin gene, that of Hb J-Meinung to a G----A substitution at codon 56 of the beta-globin gene, and that of Hb Kaohsiung (or New York) to a T----A substitution at codon 113 of the beta-globin gene. The amplified segment encompassed the sequence from upstream of the initial codon behind the Cap site to downstream of the terminal codon before the polyadenylation addition signal. Hence, all hemoglobin variants should be able to be characterized by this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Liu
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Taipei Municipal Jen-Ai Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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6
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Orisaka M, Tajima T, Harano T, Harano K, Kushida Y, Imai K. A new alpha chain variant, Hb Hanamaki or alpha 2(139)(HC1)Lys----Glu beta 2, found in a Japanese family. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:67-71. [PMID: 1634363 DOI: 10.3109/03630269209005677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Orisaka
- Iwate Health Service Association, Japan
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Harano T, Harano K, Kushida Y, Imai K, Nishinakamura R, Matsunaga T. Hb Kodaira [beta 146(HC3)His----Gln]: a new beta chain variant with an amino acid substitution at the C-terminus. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:85-91. [PMID: 1634367 DOI: 10.3109/03630269209005681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Harano
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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8
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Rahbar S, Nozari G, Asmerom Y, Martin PA, Yeh CH, Lee TD. Association of Hb Hope [beta 136(H14)Gly----Asp] and alpha-thalassemia-2 (3.7 Kb deletion) causing severe microcytic anemia. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:421-5. [PMID: 1428947 DOI: 10.3109/03630269209005695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Rahbar
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
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Tagawa Y, Fujinami S, Kadota Y, Nakagawa T, Seki T, Shiozaki Y, Inoue K, Harano T, Harano K, Ueda S. Hb Olomouc [alpha 2 beta 2(86)(F2)Ala----Asp] found in a Japanese family. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:73-6. [PMID: 1634364 DOI: 10.3109/03630269209005678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Tagawa
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Miyashita H, Hashimoto K, Mohri H, Ohokubo T, Harano T, Harano K, Imai K. Hb Kanagawa [alpha 40(C5)Lys----Met]: a new alpha chain variant with an increased oxygen affinity. Hemoglobin 1992; 16:1-10. [PMID: 1634355 DOI: 10.3109/03630269209005670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An abnormal hemoglobin was suspected in a 70-year-old Japanese male with cerebral infarction and erythremia with high performance liquid chromatography assay of Hb A1c. The hemoglobin variant migrated to the anode more rapidly than Hb A. Structure determination studies, including amino acid analysis of the abnormal peptide and DNA sequencing of a partially cloned alpha-globin gene, demonstrated that it is a new hemoglobin variant which has been named Hb Kanagawa [alpha 40(C5)Lys----Met]. This variant showed an increased oxygen affinity, decreased heme-heme interaction, and a lowered 2,3-diphosphoglycerate effect relative to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Miyashita
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan
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Abstract
Increasing concern over viral contamination of blood is spurring the development of a blood substitute which can effectively replace the oxygen-carrying capabilities of transfused erythrocytes. Solutions of chemically modified haemoglobin represent one option being evaluated for this role. More recently, recombinant-DNA techniques have enabled production of human haemoglobin in host expression systems, and progress is being made towards the creation of a genetically engineered molecule incorporating the properties required of a blood substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Ogden
- Delta Biotechnology Ltd, Nottingham, UK
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Tamagnini GP, Ribeiro ML, Valente V, Ramachandran M, Wilson JB, Baysal E, Gu LH, Huisman TH. Hb Coimbra or alpha 2 beta (2)99(G1)Asp----Glu, a newly discovered highoxygen affinity variant. Hemoglobin 1991; 15:487-96. [PMID: 1814856 DOI: 10.3109/03630269109027896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a new high oxygen affinity hemoglobin variant in members of a Portuguese family; it is characterized by an Asp----Glu replacement at codon 99 of the beta chain which is in the alpha 1 beta 2 interface. The altered functional properties of Hb Coimbra likely result from the inability to form a hydrogen bond between beta 99Glu and alpha 42Tyr; such a bond is formed in deoxy Hb A between the normally occurring beta 99Asp and alpha 42Tyr. The two affected members of the family have a distinct erythrocytosis with hemoglobin levels of 18 to 20 g/dl. The mutation in the beta-globin gene (GAT----GAA at codon 99) resulting in the Asp----Glu replacement is the seventh type at this specific location. A review of the many variants of the alpha and beta chains identifies primarily aspartic acid and glutamic acid residues as being most frequently replaced; it is speculated that codons GAC and GAT (for Asp), and GAG and GAA (for Glu) are most susceptible to mutational events.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Tamagnini
- Department of Hematology Centro Hospitalier de Coimbra, Portugal
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Huisman TH, Kutlar F, Gu LH. Gamma chain abnormalities and gamma-globin gene rearrangements in newborn babies of various populations. Hemoglobin 1991; 15:349-79. [PMID: 1802881 DOI: 10.3109/03630269108998857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The present review provides a summary of quantitative hemoglobin data and lists the results of gene mapping and sequencing analyses for blood samples from newborn babies of different countries. Methodology suitable for such studies is reviewed, various abnormal fetal hemoglobins are discussed, the occurrence of Hb Bart's (gamma 4) and of the embryonic zeta chain is evaluated, and the various types of gamma-globin gene rearrangements (-A gamma.A gamma-; -G gamma.G gamma-; gamma-thalassemia; gamma-globin gene triplications, quadruplications, and quintuplications) are compared. The several tables list the frequencies of the common A gamma T variant and of the different gamma gene rearrangements in various populations, while the results of quantitative analyses suggest that most anomalies are not associated with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Huisman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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Teng K, Ma MS. Hb F-Xinjiang or alpha 2A gamma T(2)25(B7)Gly----Arg identified by reversed phase HPLC; second observation. Hemoglobin 1991; 15:545-7. [PMID: 1726097 DOI: 10.3109/03630269109027903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Teng
- Biology Department, Xinjiang Medical College, Urumqi, P.R. China
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