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Nerek A, Wesołowska-Górniak K, Czarkowska-Pączek B. Enhancing feedback by health coaching: the effectiveness of mixed methods approach to long-term physical activity changes in nurses. An intervention study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:196. [PMID: 38519943 PMCID: PMC10958873 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although knowledge of the barriers and motivators to physical activity participation among nurses is increasing, the factors influencing motivation methods' effectiveness are not completely defined. This study aimed to identify the methods that support increasing the level of daily physical activity and the factors that influence the effectiveness of motivation methods among nurses. METHODS This study was based on an intervention study protocol. All registered nurses in clinical settings were invited to participate in the study. The study involved 71 professionally active nurses. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and employment data. The level of physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the daily number of steps was assessed using a pedometer. Body composition was measured using a bioimpedance method, and the 5-year risk of cardiovascular events was assessed using the Harvard Score. The intervention included self-monitoring daily steps using a pedometer and completing a diary daily for one month. Additionally, a few-minute speech was sent to each participant via email on the intervention's 7th, 14th, and 21st days. RESULTS The analysis revealed a higher value of physical activity recorded in the follow-up compared to the initial and final measurement in the Recreation domain [Met] (p < 0.001) and a higher value of daily steps in the follow-up compared to the final measurement (p = 0.005). Participants with a higher Harvard Score were more likely to increase their daily number of steps (OR = 6.025; 95% CI = 1.70-21.41), and nurses working in hospital wards were less likely to do so (OR = 0.002; 95% CI = 0.00-0.41). CONCLUSIONS Recommendations for physical activity in the nursing population should focus on increasing leisure time physical activity and regular risk assessment of cardiovascular events. A mixed methods approach, such as feedback enhanced by health coaching, effectively achieves long-term physical activity changes in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nerek
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, Ciołka 27, 01-445, Warsaw, Poland
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Najafi A, Safari-Faramani R, Selk-Ghaffari M, Najafi F, Ghafouri M, Darbandi M, Mahdaviani B, Nakhostin-Ansari A. Comparison of the physical activity levels between shift workers and non-shift workers in a large-scale cross-sectional study in Iran. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2034. [PMID: 37853359 PMCID: PMC10585870 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16895-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shift work has been related to adverse health outcomes that can partially be attributed to physical inactivity. However, our knowledge of the influence of shift work on physical activity and sedentary behavior is inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to assess physical activity levels among shift and non-shift workers among a sample of Iranian adults. METHODS Baseline data of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study were used. All participants of RaNCD except those excluded due to unemployment or considerable disability were included in the study. We evaluated participants' physical activity levels using the PERSIAN cohort questionnaire and examined its associations with being a shift worker. RESULTS A total of 4695 participants with a mean age of 46.1 (SD = 7.74) were included in the study. In total, 1108 (23.6%) participants were shift workers, 1420 (30.2%) had insufficient physical activity levels, and 4283 (91.2%) were male. The prevalence of physical inactivity was significantly lower among shift workers compared to non-shift workers (21% vs. 33.1%, p < 0.001). Multiple backward stepwise binary logistic regression tests indicated that being a shift worker was significantly associated with a lower chance of having insufficient physical activity levels (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65-0.92, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of insufficient physical activity was higher among non-shift workers than shift workers in our study. By providing the factors associated with insufficient physical activity among the workers in a region of Iran, the current study findings might help policymakers target groups at higher risk of physical activity in Iran and design interventions to improve physical activity, especially among non-shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Najafi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Safari-Faramani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Selk-Ghaffari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghafouri
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mahdaviani
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Nakhostin-Ansari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sharan S, Sheereen FJ, Chahal A, Alshehri MM, Najmi AAA, Alajam RA, Shaphe MA. Comparison of Fatigue Level, Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical
Activity Level in Aircraft Engineers Working in the Morning Shift and Night
Shift. PHYSIKALISCHE MEDIZIN, REHABILITATIONSMEDIZIN, KURORTMEDIZIN 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/a-2015-3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background Shift work is a system in which different groups of workers
work at different times of the day and night. It may affect the physiological
health of an individual and hence fatigue, musculoskeletal disorder and changes
in physical activity may arise.
Objective To compare the fatigue level, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)
and physical activity level in aircraft engineers working in morning shift and
night shift.
Method The study consisted of 100 aircraft engineers working at Indira
Gandhi International Airport, Terminal 1. 50 aircraft engineers working in
morning shift and 50 aircraft engineers working in night shift participated in
the study. Self-administered questionnaire i. e., Chalder Fatigue Scale,
Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and International Physical Activity
Questionnaire were used to access the fatigue level, the number of MSDs, and
physical activity level, respectively.
Results The results showed significant difference in fatigue level, and
the level of physical activity morning shift versus night shift workers
(p<0.001). The mean value of fatigue level in morning shift was 4.9 and
in night shift was 14.6. The average mean value of physical activity level in
morning shift was 1972.61 MET min a week and in night shift was 1277.83 MET min
a week. MSDs were more common in night shift workers as compared to morning
shift workers.
Conclusion The findings of the study suggested an increased in the level
of fatigue and decrease in the physical activity level among aircraft engineers
working night shift compared to those working morning shift. There are more MSDs
in aircraft engineers working night shift as compared to those working morning
shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikshita Sharan
- Physiotherapist in ABTP at Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science
& Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Aksh Chahal
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation;
Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Haryana, India
| | - Mohammed M Alshehri
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan
University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat Abdullah Ahmad Najmi
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan
University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramzi Abdu Alajam
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan
University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abu Shaphe
- Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan
University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Janssen TI, Voelcker-Rehage C. Leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity and the physical activity paradox in healthcare workers: A systematic overview of the literature. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 141:104470. [PMID: 36966711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity positively influences cardiovascular health. Results from male-dominated physically active occupations suggest that a high level of occupational physical activity may be detrimental to cardiovascular health. This observation is referred to as the physical activity paradox. Whether this phenomenon can also be observed in female-dominated occupations remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to provide an overview of (1) leisure-time and occupational physical activity in healthcare workers. Therefore, we reviewed studies (2) to assess the relationship between the two physical activity domains and analyzed (3) their effects on cardiovascular health outcomes in relation to the paradox. METHODS Five databases (CINAHAL, PubMed, Scopus, Sportdiscus, Web of Science) were systematically searched. Both authors independently screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts and assessed the quality of the studies using the National Institutes of Health's quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. All studies that assessed leisure-time and occupational physical activity in healthcare workers were included. The two authors independently rated the risk of bias using the ROBINS-E tool. The body of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. RESULTS The review included 17 studies that assessed the leisure-time and occupational physical activity of people working in healthcare, determined the relationship between the domains (n = 7) and/or examined their effects on the cardiovascular system (n = 5). Measurements for leisure-time and occupational physical activity varied between studies. Leisure-time physical activity typically ranged between low and high intensity, with a short duration (approx. 0.8-1.5 h). Occupational physical activity was typically performed at light to moderate intensity with a very long duration (approx. 0.5-3 h). Moreover, leisure-time and occupational physical activity were almost negatively related. The few studies investigating effects on cardiovascular parameters revealed a rather unfavorable effect of occupational physical activity, while leisure-time physical activity was beneficial. The study quality was rated as fair and the risk of bias was moderate to high. The body of evidence was low. CONCLUSIONS This review confirmed that leisure-time and occupational physical activity of healthcare workers are opposed in their duration and intensity. Moreover, leisure-time and occupational physical activity seem to be negatively related and should be analyzed according to their relation to each other in specific occupations. Furthermore, results support the relationship between the paradox and cardiovascular parameters. REGISTRATION Preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42021254572). Date of registration on PROSPERO: 19 May 2021. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Does occupational physical activity adversely affect the cardiovascular health of healthcare workers in comparison to leisure-time physical activity?
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja I Janssen
- Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Straße 8, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Straße 8, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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The Relationship between Sociodemographic, Professional, and Incentive Factors and Self-Reported Level of Physical Activity in the Nurse Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127221. [PMID: 35742469 PMCID: PMC9223668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Research indicates that while nurses are aware of the benefits of physical activity (PA), their adherence to PA is low. The results of workplace interventions that increase PA are inconsistent. The study aim was identification the sociodemographic, professional, and incentive factors influencing nurses’ PA and investigation its relationship with the level of PA that they report. This study was based on observational cross-sectional research conducted among professionally active nurses working in a clinical setting (n = 350). The self-reported questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and employment data and motivators and barriers of participating in PA. The level of PA was assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The analysis revealed significant differences in the Total Physical Activity Score (TPAS) depending on the variables related to professional activity (working in a management position: p = 0.015; workplace: p = 0.01; shift type: p ≤ 0.002). Cluster analysis revealed that the most important statement in the group division about motivation was fear of the pain occurring after exercise. Nurses who were more motivated to be active showed a higher level of leisure-time PA than less motivated nurses. The recommendation of PA in the nursing population should be focused on increasing the leisure time PA, ensuring the appropriate time to recovery, and compliance with the principles of work ergonomics to prevent musculoskeletal disorders.
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Impact of Rotating Shifts on Lifestyle Patterns and Perceived Stress among Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095235. [PMID: 35564629 PMCID: PMC9101667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although rotating shifts have a negative health impact, their association with hospital nurses’ health risks remains controversial due to incomplete adjustment in lifestyle patterns and heterogeneity of work schedules. However, whether work schedule characteristics are associated with lifestyle patterns and perceived stress remains undetermined. We assessed the correlations of work schedule characteristics, lifestyle patterns, and perceived stress among hospital nurses. This cross-sectional study included 340 nurses from two hospitals. Final data from 329 nurses regarding work schedule characteristics, lifestyle patterns (physical activity, dietary behavior, and sleep pattern), and perceived stress were analyzed via linear regression models. Fixed-day-shift nurses had reduced perceived stress (β = 0.15, p = 0.007) compared with rotating-shift nurses. Additionally, among rotating-shift nurses, fixed-evening- and fixed-night-shift nurses had longer sleep duration (β = 0.27, p < 0.001; β = 0.25, p < 0.001) compared to non-fixed-rotating-shift nurses. Longer rotating-shift work was associated with healthier dietary behaviors (β = 0.15, p = 0.008), better sleep quality (β = −0.17, p = 0.003), lower perceived stress (β = −0.24, p < 0.001), and shorter sleep duration (β = −0.17, p = 0.003). Hospital nurses’ work schedule characteristics were associated with lifestyle patterns, dietary behavior, sleep pattern, and perceived stress. Fixed-shifts were beneficial for lifestyle and lower perceived stress. Longer rotating shifts could help nurses adjust their lifestyles accordingly.
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Niestrój-Jaworska M, Dębska-Janus M, Polechoński J, Tomik R. Health Behaviors and Health-Related Quality of Life in Female Medical Staff. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073896. [PMID: 35409579 PMCID: PMC8997715 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the intensity of health behaviors and health-related quality of life in female mid-level medical staff. The study group consisted of 153 female mid-level medical staff members. The intensity of health behaviors was examined with the Polish version of Health Behavior Inventory. Health-related quality of life was verified with the Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF 36v2). Among the participants, 33% had low, 39% average, and 28% high intensity of health behaviors. The mental component of health-related quality of life was rated higher (83.3 ± 15.3 points) compared to the physical one. The lowest health-related quality of life was observed in the domain of “bodily pain”, while the highest was found for the domain of “social functioning”. Both the physical and mental components of health-related quality of life were significantly positively correlated with health behavior prevalence in all its categories. The post-hoc tests revealed the variation in physical and mental components of HRQoL according to the level of health behavior intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Niestrój-Jaworska
- Department of Health-Related Physical Activity and Tourism, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (M.N.-J.); (R.T.)
| | - Małgorzata Dębska-Janus
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jacek Polechoński
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Rajmund Tomik
- Department of Health-Related Physical Activity and Tourism, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (M.N.-J.); (R.T.)
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Monnaatsie M, Biddle SJ, Khan S, Kolbe-Alexander T. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in shift and non-shift workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med Rep 2021; 24:101597. [PMID: 34976655 PMCID: PMC8683943 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Research examining the prevalence, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in shift workers show mixed results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare PA and SB in shift workers with non-shift workers following the PRISMA guidelines. Ebscohost megafile ultimate (CINHAL, E-journals, Academic search ultimate, health source consumer edition, SPORT Discus), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases were searched up to April 2021. Cross-sectional and baseline data from longitudinal studies reporting PA and SB in full time workers were eligible. Data on participants characteristics and time spent in PA and SB and/or prevalence of workers meeting PA guidelines were extracted and pooled with random effects model. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) 10-item checklist was adapted and used. A total of 49 studies met inclusion criteria and 21 studies included for meta-analysis. The prevalence of meeting physical activity guidelines (OR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.68, 1.03) and standardized mean difference (SMD) of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (SMD -0.1, 95% CI: -0.4, 0.20) were similar in shift and non-shift workers. Time spent in sedentary behaviour was lower in shift workers than non-shift workers (SMD -0.2, 95% CI: 0.50, -0.001). While the differences in PA are not so evident between shift and non-shift workers, the prevalence of sufficient PA was low in both groups. These preliminary findings provide support for inclusion of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in health promotion interventions targeted at shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malebogo Monnaatsie
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- Physically Active Lifestyles (PALs) Research Group, Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Stuart J.H. Biddle
- Physically Active Lifestyles (PALs) Research Group, Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shahjahan Khan
- School of Sciences and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tracy Kolbe-Alexander
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- Physically Active Lifestyles (PALs) Research Group, Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Brunet J, Black M, Tulloch HE, Pipe AL, Reid RD, Reed JL. Work-related factors predict changes in physical activity among nurses participating in a web-based worksite intervention: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:224. [PMID: 34749710 PMCID: PMC8576966 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the numerous benefits associated with physical activity (PA), most nurses are not active enough and few interventions have been developed to promote PA among nurses. A secondary analysis of raw data from a single-centre, three-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess whether work-related characteristics and general mood states predict changes in total weekly moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and average daily step-count among nurses participating in a 6-week web-based worksite intervention. Methods Seventy nurses (meanage: 46.1 ± 11.2 years) were randomized to an individual-, friend-, or team-based PA challenge. Participants completed questionnaires pre- and post-intervention assessing work-related characteristics (i.e., shift schedule and length, number of hours worked per week, work role) and general mood states (i.e., tension, depression, anger, confusion, fatigue, vigour). Participants received a PA monitor to wear before and during the 6-week PA challenge, which was used to assess total weekly MVPA minutes and average daily step-count. Data were analyzed descriptively and using multilevel modeling for repeated measures. Results Change in total weekly MVPA minutes, but not change in average daily step-count, was predicted by shift schedule (rotating vs. fixed) by time (estimate = − 17.43, SE = 6.18, p = .006), and work role (clinical-only vs. other) by time (estimate = 18.98, SE = 6.51, p = .005). General mood states did not predict change in MVPA or change in average daily step-count. Conclusions Given that nurses who work rotating shifts and perform clinical work showed smaller improvements in MVPA, it may be necessary to consider work-related factors/barriers (e.g., time constraints, fatigue) and collaborate with nurses when designing and implementing MVPA interventions in the workplace. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04524572. August 24, 2020. This trial was registered retrospectively. This study adheres to the CONSORT 2010 statement guidelines. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-021-00739-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. .,Institut du savoir de l'Hôpital Montfort (ISM), Hôpital Montfort, 713 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,Cancer Therapeutic Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), 725 Parkdale Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Melissa Black
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Heather E Tulloch
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Roger Guidon Hall, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew L Pipe
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Roger Guidon Hall, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert D Reid
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Roger Guidon Hall, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Reed
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.,Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Roger Guidon Hall, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Ulusoy HG, Sanlier N, Rakıcıoğlu N. Do Rotating Night Shifts Change Nurses' Nutritional Status? A Cross-Sectional Study. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:608-616. [PMID: 34376120 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1947413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shift work disrupts circadian rhythms through environmental factors such as disruption of the light-dark and rest-activity cycle. This study aims to evaluate the nutritional status, circadian phenotype, sleep quality, and anthropometric measurements in nurses working in rotating night shifts. METHOD The study included 44 nurses working in rotating night shifts. Physical activity records for 4 days and 24-hour dietary recalls for 7 days were taken. To evaluate the circadian phenotypes and sleep quality, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index were used, respectively. RESULTS Most nurses were evening chronotype and had poor sleep quality. Shift work was associated with higher daily energy intake and lower total daily energy expenditure (p < 0.05). On the night shifts, while fiber-rich foods such as beans and fruit consumption decrease, the consumption of fats, sweets, and cereals increases. While carbohydrates, total fat, and cholesterol intake were higher in only women on the night shift (p < 0.05), saturated fat and calcium intake were higher in all nurses (p < 0.05). While the water intake of the nurses was lower on the night shift (p < 0.05), tea intake was higher in women (p < 0.05). A correlation was found between total shift work duration, body mass index (r = 0.525), waist circumference (r = 0.577), waist-height ratio (r = 0.584), and body fat percentage (r = 0.513) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Nurses should be encouraged to ensure adequate water intake and to make healthy food choices during the night shift to maintain health and work performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Gül Ulusoy
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Altındağ, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Sanlier
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Altındağ, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Altındağ, Ankara, Turkey
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Effects of Shift Work in a Sample of Italian Nurses: Analysis of Rest-Activity Circadian Rhythm. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168378. [PMID: 34444128 PMCID: PMC8391482 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Shift work can lead to circadian desynchronization due to temporary misalignment between working hours and physiological and behavioral functioning, resulting in compromised health, insomnia, worsening of sleep quality, reduced ability to work during waking hours, and increased cardiovascular risk. We evaluated the effects of shift work on the rest-activity circadian rhythm (RAR) and health status of Italian orthopaedic nurses. The study population was 59 nurses: 44 worked the night shift and 15 worked the day shift. All carried out continuous 5-day actigraphic monitoring to assess RAR, including both the working and the rest period. The rhythmometric analysis showed that, during the working period, the night shift nurses had a significantly lower amplitude than the day shift nurses (p < 0.001), and the acrophase was significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.01). When we stratified the two groups by median body mass index (<25 kg/m2 normal weight and ≥25 kg/m2 overweight), during the working period, we noted a significantly lower amplitude for both the normal weight and the overweight nurses who worked the night shift (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, normal weight and overweight respectively). The current findings suggest the need for further study of the relationship between activity levels and shift work.
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Mojtahedzadeh N, Neumann FA, Rohwer E, Nienhaus A, Augustin M, Harth V, Zyriax BC, Mache S. The Health Behaviour of German Outpatient Caregivers in Relation to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8213. [PMID: 34360505 PMCID: PMC8346166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected outpatient caregivers in a particular way. While the German population becomes increasingly older, the number of people in need of care has also increased. The health and, thus, the health behaviour of employees in the outpatient care become relevant to maintain working capacity and performance in the long term. The aims of the study were (1) to examine the health behaviour and (2) to explore pandemic-related perceived change of health behaviour among outpatient caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a mixed-methods study, 15 problem-centred interviews and a web-based cross-sectional survey (N = 171) were conducted with outpatient caregivers working in Northern Germany. Interviewees reported partially poorer eating behaviour, higher coffee consumption, lower physical activity, skipping breaks more often and less sleep duration and quality during the pandemic. Some quantitative findings indicate the same tendencies. A majority of participants were smokers and reported higher stress perception due to the pandemic. Preventive behaviour, such as wearing PPE or hand hygiene, was increased among interviewees compared to the pre-pandemic period. Our findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively affect outpatient caregivers' health behaviour, e.g., eating/drinking behaviour and physical activity. Therefore, employers in outpatient care should develop workplace health promotion measures to support their employees in conducting more health-promoting behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Mojtahedzadeh
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
| | - Felix Alexander Neumann
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (F.A.N.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Elisabeth Rohwer
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (F.A.N.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Public Health, Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW), 22089 Hamburg, Germany;
- Competence Center for Epidemiology and Health Services Research for Healthcare Professionals (CVcare), Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Augustin
- Competence Center for Health Services Research in Vascular Diseases (CVvasc), Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Volker Harth
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery Science—Health Services Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (F.A.N.); (B.-C.Z.)
| | - Stefanie Mache
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany; (N.M.); (E.R.); (V.H.)
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Collins BEG, Hartmann TE, Marino FE, Skein M. Inflammatory Status and Cardio-metabolic Risk Stratification of Rotational Shift Work. Ann Work Expo Health 2021; 66:79-88. [PMID: 34219158 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the physiological effects of rotational shift work on measures of cardio-metabolic function. METHODS Sedentary, healthy men (n = 87; age 37 ± 9 years; body mass index: 30.7 ± 5.1 kg m2) were recruited and categorized via occupation. SHIFT group: currently employed in rotational shift work defined by 8-12 h morning, afternoon, and night rotations; or NSHIFT: working fixed daytime hours. Testing procedures included baseline objective sleep assessment and laboratory testing, conducted between 0600 and 0900 h to assess body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak), inflammatory status [C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)], glucose metabolism, heart rate variability (HRV), and self-reported leisure time physical activity (PA). RESULTS SHIFT reported significantly less leisure time PA (P = 0.019), reduced VO2peak (P = 0.007), higher body fat percentage (BF%) (P = 0.021), increase response time to oral glucose tolerance test (P = 0.016), and higher IL-6 values (P = 0.008) compared with NSHIFT. A significant difference was observed in actigraphy measured total sleep time, with SHIFT recording reduced sleep following a night shift (P = 0.001). No group difference was observed in HRV or average sleep parameters (P > 0.05). Linear regression identified a significant association between occupation and inflammatory status (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Rotational shift work is associated with increased risk factors for cardio-metabolic disorders, despite no differences in sleep quality and quantity. The results suggest rotational shift work has a detrimental effect on the health and wellbeing of employees; with homeostatic desynchronization identified as potential pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake E G Collins
- School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Tegan E Hartmann
- School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank E Marino
- School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa Skein
- School of Exercise Science, Sport and Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
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14
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The Health Behaviour of German Outpatient Caregivers in Relation to Their Working Conditions: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115942. [PMID: 34205961 PMCID: PMC8198833 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing demographic change is leading to an increasingly older society and a rising proportion of people in need of care in the German population. Therefore, the professional group of outpatient caregivers is highly relevant. Their work is characterised not only by interacting with patients in a mobile setting but also by working in shifts. Health behaviour under these specific working conditions is crucial for ensuring long-term work ability and performance. Little is known about the health behaviour of German outpatient caregivers and its potential impact on their work. The aims of the study were (1) to examine health behavioural patterns (nutrition, exercise, smoking, regeneration) of outpatient caregivers, (2) to illuminate their personal health-promoting behaviours, and (3) to identify potential work-related factors influencing their health behaviour. Fifteen problem-centred interviews were conducted with outpatient caregivers working in Northern Germany in the period January–April 2020. Interviews were analysed by using qualitative content analysis. Outpatient caregivers reported improvable nutrition and hydration, with simultaneous high coffee consumption, low physical activity, poor regeneration (breaks and sleep quality), and good personal health-promoting behaviour (e.g., back-friendly habits), although the majority were smokers. Barriers to the implementation of health-promoting behaviours were a high perception of stress due to increased workload and time pressure, while aids to better health-promoting behaviour were described as being social support and personal resources. The respondents perceived their working conditions as potentially influencing their health behaviour. On the basis of their descriptions, various practice-relevant strategies were derived. The data explore a potential need for outpatient care services to develop interventions on behavioural and structural levels that can help create healthier working conditions for their employees so these caregivers can adopt better health behaviours.
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15
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Roveda E, Castelli L, Galasso L, Mulè A, Cè E, Condemi V, Banfi G, Montaruli A, Esposito F. Differences in Daytime Activity Levels and Daytime Sleep Between Night and Day Duty: An Observational Study in Italian Orthopedic Nurses. Front Physiol 2021; 12:628231. [PMID: 33732163 PMCID: PMC7959824 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.628231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Working nonstandard work schedules is often associated with increased sedentary behavior and risk of sleep disorders. Night shift workers are prone to accumulating sleep debt, which they recover by sleeping during the day. The effect on daytime activity levels is unknown. The present study aims to objectively assess whether daytime sleep could affect daytime activity levels of shift worker nurses, resulting in an accumulation of their activity debt differently between working and rest periods. The study population (N = 37; mean age 41.7 ± 9.1 years) was composed of orthopedic nurses working on a rotating schedule, including either a night shift (NS) or only day/afternoon shift (DS). Actigraph monitoring lasted both on the working and the rest period. For the NS nurses, the working period recorded higher daytime activity levels than the rest period, while daytime sleep during the working and rest periods was similar. Conversely, DS nurses showed higher daytime activity levels and shorter daytime sleep during the working period. NS nurses were less active than DS nurses during the working period, probably because NS tended to have a longer daytime sleep. During the rest period, daytime activity levels for both groups were decreased. For NS nurses, sleep recorded the better sleep parameters during the rest period, while sleep parameters did not show significant differences between the working and the rest periods in DS. During the working period, NS nurses slept worse than the DS nurses. Both groups tended to accumulate a debt in daytime activity levels during the rest period. While daytime sleep may be an excellent way to counteract sleep debt and increase sleep duration over 24 h period, on the other hand, it makes nurses less active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Roveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Galasso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Mulè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emiliano Cè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Condemi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Angela Montaruli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
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16
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Salah RA, Malak MZ, Bani Salameh AK. Relationship between shift-work and life-style behaviors among emergency department nurses in Jordan. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 77:27-34. [PMID: 33319635 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1841721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Shift-work can alter the nurses' lifestyle behaviors, which negatively influence health. This study is purposed to assess the relationship between shift-work and selected lifestyle behaviors including, dietary habits, physical activity, and nicotine dependence among Jordanian nurses who work at the emergency department. A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. A total of 275 Jordanian nurses from the emergency department of Jordanian hospitals participated in the questionnaire. The results showed that 50.2% of the nurses suffered from poor dietary habits, 81.8% of them were physically inactive, and 65.1% had nicotine dependence. There was a positive correlation between shift-work, dietary habits, physical activity, and nicotine dependence. Therefore, the effects of shift-work should be considered when planning and developing interventional programs to enhance nurses' health and promote healthy behaviors among nurses workforce during shift-work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayyan A Salah
- Adult Health Nursing, Ministry of Health, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malakeh Z Malak
- Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayman K Bani Salameh
- Pediatric Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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17
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Gieniusz‐Wojczyk L, Dąbek J, Kulik H, Wojczyk S. Health‐related behaviours of nurses in Poland: The role of Type D personality. J Nurs Manag 2020; 28:1725-1739. [DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Gieniusz‐Wojczyk
- Department of Propaedeutics of Nursing School of Health Sciences in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice Katowice Poland
| | - Józefa Dąbek
- Department of Cardiology School of Health Sciences in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice Katowice Poland
| | - Halina Kulik
- Department of Propaedeutics of Nursing School of Health Sciences in Katowice Medical University of Silesia in Katowice Katowice Poland
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18
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Diomidous M. Sleep and Motion Disorders of Physicians and Nurses Working in Hospitals Facing the Pandemic of COVID 19. Med Arch 2020; 74:210-215. [PMID: 32801438 PMCID: PMC7405997 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2020.74.210-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several research studies have started to investigate the health conditions of medical doctors and nurses in order to find a relationship if any between their work environment, their usually heavy duties and the result of these two parametric on patients’ health Aim: The present research study is an effort to investigate the relationship between the physical activity and sleep disorders among health care professionals, particularly among medical doctors and nurses. Methods: Participants of the study were asked to fill a questionnaire which was a mixture of other internationally accredited questionnaires regarding physical activity level as well as sleeping functions. Data were collected among 204 physicians and nurses. The statistical analysis revealed a correlation between physical activity and some aspects of sleep disorders. Results: A total number of 204 questionnaires have been distributed to medical doctors and nurses working in public hospitals in Athens Greece from the middle of February until the middle of April 2020. The hospitals were assigned by the health authorities to the fight of the pandemic of COVID 19. The majority of the participants were women 71,3% and 28,7% were men. From a total of 204 half of them were medical doctors and half of them were nurses. 43% were married, 49% were single and 8% were divorced and there were no widows. Regarding the participant nurses, 43% had a university degree and 38,4% had a technological education degree. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there are positive correlations between the level of physical activity during the daily work and the free time of the participants with parameters that are related to sleep disorders. Conclusion: The sample of the study was not a large one but nevertheless a stressful situation such as is the epidemic of COVID19 can provide useful information in order to better understand the relationship between physical activity and sleeping disorders in such working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Diomidous
- Faculty of Nursing. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. University of Athens, Greece
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19
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D'Ettorre G, Vullo A, Pellicani V. Assessing and preventing low back pain in nurses. Implications for practice management. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2019; 90:53-59. [PMID: 31292415 PMCID: PMC6776174 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v90i6-s.8228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims: The prevention of low back pain (LBP) among nurses employed in hospital departments represents a special concern for healthcare organizations globally. A growing literature evidences the need of workplace policy development related to organizational issues as strategic contribution to minimize the occurrence of LBP in healthcare sector. The purposes of this study were: 1) to analyze the relationship between shiftwork and acute LBP among female shift nurses; 2) to detect preventive interventions targeted on organizational issues. Methods: The authors conducted a cross-sectional nested case-control analysis of data concerning acute LBP and staffing data for 671 nurses employed in the Departments of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine. The statistical analysis consisted of a logistic regression to calculate incidence odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Chi-square test and t-test were used to examine the relationship between categorical and continuous data, respectively. Results: The occurrence of acute LBP resulted significantly related to nightshift, extended shifts, obesity; the adoption of forward rotating schedules was found a protective factor in moderating the occupational risk of acute LBP in shift nurses. Conclusions: In this study the authors observed an association between shiftwork and acute LBP; improvement interventions should be aimed at: 1) moderating organizational risks linked with shiftwork schedules; 2) promoting healthy lifestyles. These interventions are suggested as a strategic way to effectively manage the phenomenon among female rotating shift nurses. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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20
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Holly D, Swanson V. Barriers and facilitators of midwives' physical activity behaviour in hospital and community contexts in Scotland. J Adv Nurs 2019; 75:2211-2222. [PMID: 31197886 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate barriers and facilitators of physical activity in midwives in hospital and community environments. DESIGN A sequential mixed-methods approach. DATA SOURCES Focus groups and subsequent questionnaire survey. METHODS Four focus groups were conducted in urban and rural areas with community and hospital-based midwives in Scotland in 2015. Topics were based on the behaviour change theories via the Theoretical Domains Framework. Findings informed development of a questionnaire, sent to midwives in 2016 in Scottish health boards via managers, or online survey. RESULTS Thirty-three midwives participated in focus groups. Workplace environmental context and resources were both barriers and facilitators. Similarly, negative social influences were barriers, whereas positive social support facilitated physical activity. The questionnaire was completed by 345 midwives. Most (90%) were physically active with high levels of activity. Commonest activities included walking, swimming and housework. Physical activity facilitators included subsidized classes and protected breaks. Barriers included tiredness, stress, family responsibilities, unpredictable breaks and shift patterns. CONCLUSIONS Interventions should address midwives' workplace context and resources and interpersonal factors such as stress and social support. IMPACT Midwives' high levels of overweight/obesity and stress impact on their own health and delivery of patient care. More workplace physical activity could help. We found most were physically active but identified workplace barriers and facilitators, including resources, shift patterns and breaks. Findings could help midwifery managers to recognize and reduce barriers, thereby improving midwives' physical activity in the workplace, supporting weight management and enhancing their health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre Holly
- Health Psychologist, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Vivien Swanson
- Reader in Health Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.,Programme Director-Psychology Specialist Practice, NHS Education for Scotland, Glasgow, UK
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21
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Kolbe-Alexander TL, Gomersall S, Clark B, Torquati L, Pavey T, Brown WJ. A hard day's night: time use in shift workers. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:452. [PMID: 31159755 PMCID: PMC6546613 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in how shift workers accumulate physical activity (PA) while at work and in leisure time, on days when they are working at night, during the day, or on non-work days, are largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of physical activity patterns in two groups of shift workers, and to measure variations according to their shift schedules. Methods This pragmatic pilot study was conducted in two workplaces. Employees in Workplace 1 (n = 10) were required to drive for most of their shift. Workplace 2 was a manufacturing company where most of the employees’ (n = 30) occupational tasks were completed while standing. Use of time was assessed using the adult version of the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults (MARCA) administered by telephone interview. Three MARCA interviews were conducted with each participant, in order to capture a typical profile of a day-shift day, a night-shift day and a non-work day, using a two-day recall for each interview. Participants were asked to wear the activPAL3™ activity monitor, for 7 consecutive days. Paired and independent t-tests were used to compute significant differences between day-shift, night-shift and non-work days within and between workplaces. Results The total number of days quantified for the MARCA data was 192 days (64 day-shift, 60 night-shift and 68 non-work days). Workplace 2 participants reported more physical activity and less sedentary behaviour on day-shift and night shift days than on non-work days. Time spent in sedentary behaviour was similar on day-shift, night-shift and non-work days in Workplace 1. Workplace 1 participants were more sedentary (p = 0.003) and engaged in more light intensity PA (p = 0.031) on day-shift and night-shift workdays, than those from Workplace 2. Sleep times were lowest on day-shift days. Conclusion As the occupational tasks for participants in Workplace 2 involved physical activities, the findings do not support the conventional view that shift workers are more sedentary than those who only work during the day. Rather occupational tasks appear to be a more important determinant of physical activity patterns both on work and non-work days than varying shift patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Kolbe-Alexander
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, 11 Sallisbury Road, Ipswich, QLD, 4305, Australia. .,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. .,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, WC, South Africa.
| | - Sjaan Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Clark
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luciana Torquati
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Toby Pavey
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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22
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Lifestyle Health Behaviors of Nurses and Midwives: The 'Fit for the Future' Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15050945. [PMID: 29747412 PMCID: PMC5981984 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nurses and midwives (nurses) are the principle role models and health educators for the wider population. This study sought to identify the health-related behaviors of the nursing workforce of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, compared to contemporary recommendations for healthy living and to the Australian general population, matched by gender and age. An electronic cross-sectional survey delivered in 2014–2015 recruited 5041 nurses through the NSW Nurses and Midwives Association and professional networks. Validated health behavior measures were collected and compared to Australian National Health Survey data. Compared with younger nurses, older nurses reported greater adherence to fruit and vegetable guideline recommendations, but were more likely to be overweight or obese. Younger nurses (25–34 years) had the highest risk of harmful drinking. Compared with the Australian general population, slightly higher percentages of nurses met dietary recommendations and slightly fewer were obese, had central adiposity or smoked. Nurses had lower physical activity levels and higher levels of risky drinking across most gender and age groups. Many nurses have lifestyle health behaviors that place them at high risk for developing non-communicable diseases, sometimes at higher risk than the Australian population to whom they deliver health education. Health promotion strategies for nurses are urgently required.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed (1) to compare the level of physical activity (PA) between working and nonworking hours and (2) to compare the level of PA during working hours of nurse clinical practitioners (NCPs) with that of nurse managers (NMs). METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted at a Thai university hospital from October 2015 to March 2016. All randomly selected participants wore an activity tracker on their hip for 5 days, except during bathing and sleeping periods, to record step counts and time points. RESULTS Of 884 nurses, 289 (142 NCPs and 147 NMs) were randomly selected. The average age was 35.87 years. They spent 9.76 and 6.01 hours on work and nonwork activities, respectively. Daily steps per hour were significantly lower during work than nonwork periods (P < .001). An NCP had significantly higher overall hourly PA (P = .002). The number of steps per hour during work period of NCP was significantly higher than that of NM even after adjusting for age, work experience, and body mass index (P = .034). CONCLUSIONS NCP had higher overall PA than NM, which was partly contributed by work-related PA. Level of PA for a professional with variation of actual work hours should be measured on hourly basis.
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Perry L, Nicholls R, Duffield C, Gallagher R. Building expert agreement on the importance and feasibility of workplace health promotion interventions for nurses and midwives: A modified Delphi consultation. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:2587-2599. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Perry
- Faculty of Health University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Rachel Nicholls
- Faculty of Health University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Christine Duffield
- Centre for Health Services Management Faculty of Health University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Edith Cowan University Perth WA Australia
| | - Robyn Gallagher
- Charles Perkins Centre Sydney Nursing School University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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Rotating night work, lifestyle factors, obesity and promoter methylation in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes among nurses and midwives. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178792. [PMID: 28594926 PMCID: PMC5464581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Some recent evidence suggests that environmental and lifestyle factors may modify DNA methylation. We hypothesized that rotating night work and several modifiable factors may be associated with the methylation of the promoter regions within two tumor suppressor and DNA repair genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2. The methylation status of BRCA1 and BRCA2 was determined via qMSP reactions using DNA samples derived from blood leucocytes of 347 nurses and midwives working rotating nights and 363 working during the days. The subjects were classified into unmethylated vs methylated BRCA1 and BRCA2 when the methylation index was 0% or >0%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for night work status, smoking, obesity, physical activity and alcohol drinking. Current night shift work or night work history was not associated with methylation status of the promoter sites within BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. We observed weak associations between smoking and the methylation status of BRCA1 with OR = 1.50 (95%CI: 0.98–2.29) for current smoking, OR = 1.83, 95CI: 1.08–3.13 for smoking longer than 31 years, and 0.1>p>0.05 for trends for the number of cigarettes per day, smoking duration and packyears. In conclusion, no links between night shift work and methylation of the promoter region within the BRCA1, and BRCA2 genes were observed in this exploratory analysis. The findings of our study weakly support the hypothesis that smoking may contribute to epigenetic events.
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Loef B, Hulsegge G, Wendel-Vos GCW, Verschuren WMM, Vermeulen RCH, Bakker MF, van der Beek AJ, Proper KI. Non-occupational physical activity levels of shift workers compared with non-shift workers. Occup Environ Med 2017; 74:328-335. [PMID: 27872151 PMCID: PMC5520260 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lack of physical activity (PA) has been hypothesised as an underlying mechanism in the adverse health effects of shift work. Therefore, our aim was to compare non-occupational PA levels between shift workers and non-shift workers. Furthermore, exposure-response relationships for frequency of night shifts and years of shift work regarding non-occupational PA levels were studied. METHODS Data of 5980 non-shift workers and 532 shift workers from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands (EPIC-NL) were used in these cross-sectional analyses. Time spent (hours/week) in different PA types (walking/cycling/exercise/chores) and intensities (moderate/vigorous) were calculated based on self-reported PA. Furthermore, sports were operationalised as: playing sports (no/yes), individual versus non-individual sports, and non-vigorous-intensity versus vigorous-intensity sports. PA levels were compared between shift workers and non-shift workers using Generalized Estimating Equations and logistic regression. RESULTS Shift workers reported spending more time walking than non-shift workers (B=2.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.4)), but shift work was not associated with other PA types and any of the sports activities. Shift workers who worked 1-4 night shifts/month (B=2.4 (95% CI 0.6 to 4.3)) and ≥5 night shifts/month (B=3.7 (95% CI 1.8 to 5.6)) spent more time walking than non-shift workers. No exposure-response relationships were found between years of shift work and PA levels. CONCLUSIONS Shift workers spent more time walking than non-shift workers, but we observed no differences in other non-occupational PA levels. To better understand if and how PA plays a role in the negative health consequences of shift work, our findings need to be confirmed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bette Loef
- Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerben Hulsegge
- Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G C Wanda Wendel-Vos
- Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marije F Bakker
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Allard J van der Beek
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karin I Proper
- Center for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gu JK, Charles LE, Ma CC, Andrew ME, Fekedulegn D, Hartley TA, Violanti JM, Burchfiel CM. Prevalence and trends of leisure-time physical activity by occupation and industry in U.S. workers: the National Health Interview Survey 2004-2014. Ann Epidemiol 2016; 26:685-692. [PMID: 27659584 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies describing prevalence and trends of physical activity among workers in the United States are scarce. We aimed to estimate prevalence and trends of "sufficient" leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during the 2004-2014 time period among U.S. workers. METHODS Data were collected for U.S. workers in the National Health Interview Survey. LTPA was categorized as sufficiently active (moderate intensity, ≥150 minutes per week), insufficiently active (10-149 minutes per week), and inactive (<10 minutes per week). Prevalence of LTPA was adjusted for age using 2010 U.S. working population as a standardized age distribution. RESULTS Prevalence trends of "sufficient" LTPA significantly increased from 2004 to 2014 (45.6% to 54.8%; P < .001). Among industry groups, the highest prevalence of "sufficient" LTPA was observed among workers in Professional/Scientific/Technical Services (62.1%). The largest increases were observed among workers in Public Administration (51.3%-63.4%). Among occupational groups, "sufficient" LTPA prevalence was lowest in farming/fishing/forestry (30.8%) and highest in life/physical/social science (66.4%). Prevalence of LTPA significantly increased from 2004 to 2014 in most occupational and industry groups. CONCLUSIONS Among U.S. workers, trends of "sufficient" LTPA significantly increased between 2004 and 2014. Overall, a larger proportion of white-collar compared to blue-collar workers were engaged in "sufficient" LTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja K Gu
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Health Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV.
| | - Luenda E Charles
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Health Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
| | - Claudia C Ma
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Health Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
| | - Michael E Andrew
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Health Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
| | - Desta Fekedulegn
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Health Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
| | - Tara A Hartley
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Health Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
| | - John M Violanti
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo
| | - Cecil M Burchfiel
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Health Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
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Abstract
Traditionally only a small proportion of the workforce was engaged in shift work. Changing economic pressures have resulted in increased engagement in shift work, with approximately 17 % of the workforce in Europe engaged in this work pattern. The present narrative review aimed to summarise the data on the effects of shift work on the diet, lifestyle and health of employees, while addressing the barriers to, and opportunities for, improving health among shift workers. Shift work can result in low-quality diet and irregular eating patterns. Adverse health behaviours are also reported; particularly increased smoking and poor sleep patterns. These altered lifestyle habits, in conjunction with disruption to circadian rhythms, can create an unfavourable metabolic phenotype which facilitates the development and progression of chronic disease. Although the data are inconclusive due to issues such as poor study design and inadequate control for confounding factors; shift workers appear to be at increased mental and physical health risk, particularly with regard to non-communicable diseases. Information is lacking on the obstacles to leading a healthier lifestyle while working shifts, and where opportunities lie for intervention and health promotion among this group. In order to provide an informed evidence base to assist shift workers in overcoming associated occupational hazards, this gap must be addressed. This review highlights the unique nutritional issues faced by shift workers, and the subsequent effect on health. In societies already burdened with increased incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases, there is a clear need for education and behaviour change interventions among this group.
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Peplonska B, Bukowska A, Sobala W. Association of Rotating Night Shift Work with BMI and Abdominal Obesity among Nurses and Midwives. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133761. [PMID: 26196859 PMCID: PMC4511417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting epidemiological evidence suggests that night shift work may contribute to the etiology of increased body weight. The present study aimed to examine association between rotating night shift work and body mass index (BMI), and abdominal adiposity respectively among nurses and midwives. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 724 female nurses and midwives, aged 40-60 years (354 rotating night shift and 370 daytime workers) in Łódź, Poland, between 2008 and 2011. Information about occupational history and potential confounders was collected during personal interviews. Anthropometric measurements of body weight, height, waist (WC) and hip (HC) circumference were made, and body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. GLM regression models and multinomial logit regression models were fitted to explore the association between night shift work and anthropometric parameters, with adjustment for age, body silhouette at age 20, current smoking status, packyears, marital status, and menopausal hormone therapy use. RESULTS Cumulative night shift work showed significant associations with BMI, WC, HC and WHtR, with BMI increasing by 0.477 kg/m2 per 1000 night duties and by 0.432 kg/m2 per 10000 night shift hours, WC increasing respectively by 1.089 cm and 0.99 cm, and HC by 0.72 cm and WHtR by 0.007 cm for both metrics. Both current and cumulative night work was associated with obesity (BMI≥30kg/m2), with OR=3.9 (95%CI:1.5-9.9), in women reporting eight or more night shifts per month. CONCLUSION The results of the study support the previously reported relations between night shift work and development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Peplonska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bukowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sobala
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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