1
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Wong THT, Mo JMY, Zhou M, Zhao JV, Schooling CM, He B, Luo S, Au Yeung SL. A two-sample Mendelian randomization study explores metabolic profiling of different glycemic traits. Commun Biol 2024; 7:293. [PMID: 38459184 PMCID: PMC10923832 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed the causal relation of four glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes liability with 167 metabolites using Mendelian randomization with various sensitivity analyses and a reverse Mendelian randomization analysis. We extracted instruments for fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin from the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (n = 200,622), and those for type 2 diabetes liability from a meta-analysis of multiple cohorts (148,726 cases, 965,732 controls) in Europeans. Outcome data were from summary statistics of 167 metabolites from the UK Biobank (n = 115,078). Fasting glucose and 2-h glucose were not associated with any metabolite. Higher glycated hemoglobin was associated with higher free cholesterol in small low-density lipoprotein. Type 2 diabetes liability and fasting insulin were inversely associated with apolipoprotein A1, total cholines, lipoprotein subfractions in high-density-lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoproteins, and positively associated with aromatic amino acids. These findings indicate hyperglycemia-independent patterns and highlight the role of insulin in type 2 diabetes development. Further studies should evaluate these glycemic traits in type 2 diabetes diagnosis and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy H T Wong
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jacky M Y Mo
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingqi Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jie V Zhao
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Baoting He
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan Luo
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Shiu Lun Au Yeung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Hatch JM, Segvich DM, Kohler R, Wallace JM. Skeletal manifestations in a streptozotocin-induced C57BL/6 model of Type 1 diabetes. Bone Rep 2022; 17:101609. [PMID: 35941910 PMCID: PMC9356200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease which profoundly affects many organ systems in the body, including the skeleton. As is often the case with biology, there are inherent differences between the sexes when considering skeletal development and disease progression and outcome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a protocol to reliably induce diabetes in both sexes of the C57BL/6 mouse utilizing streptozotocin (STZ) and to characterize the resulting bone phenotype. We hypothesized that destruction of the β-cells in the pancreatic islet by STZ would result in a diabetic state with downstream skeletal manifestations. Beginning at 8 weeks of age, mice were injected for 5 consecutive days with STZ (65 mg/kg males, 90 mg/kg females) dissolved in a citrate buffer. The diabetic state of the mice was monitored for 5 weeks to ensure persistent hyperglycemia and mice were euthanized at 15 weeks of age. Diabetes was confirmed through blood glucose monitoring, glucose and insulin tolerance testing, HbA1c measurement, and histological staining of the pancreas. The resulting bone phenotype was characterized using microcomputed tomography to assess bone structure, and whole bone mechanical testing to assess bone functional integrity. Mice from both sexes experienced loss of β-cell mass and increased glycation of hemoglobin, as well as reduced trabecular thickness and trabecular tissues mineral density (TMD), and reduced cortical thickness and cortical bone area fraction. In female mice the change area fraction was driven by a reduction in overall bone size while in male mice, the change was driven by increased marrow area. Males also experienced reduced cortical TMD. Mechanical bending tests of the tibiae showed significant results in females with a reduction in yield force and ultimate force driving lower work to yield and total work and a roughly 40 % reduction of stiffness. When tissue level parameters were estimated using beam theory, there was a significant reduction in yield and ultimate stresses as well as elastic modulus. The previously reported mechanistic similarity in the action of STZ on murine animals, as well as the ease of STZ administration via IP injection make this model is a strong candidate for future exploration of osteoporotic bone disease, Diabetes Mellitus, and the link between estrogen and glucose sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Hatch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dyann M. Segvich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rachel Kohler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph M. Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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3
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Fatih N, Chaturvedi N, Lane CA, Parker TD, Lu K, Cash DM, Malone IB, Silverwood R, Wong A, Barnes J, Sudre CH, Richards M, Fox NC, Schott JM, Hughes A, James SN. Sex-related differences in whole brain volumes at age 70 in association with hyperglycemia during adult life. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 112:161-169. [PMID: 35183802 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies of the relationship between hyperglycemia and brain health are rare and there is limited information on sex differences in associations. We investigated whether glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measured at ages of 53, 60-64 and 69 years, and cumulative glycemic index (CGI), a measure of cumulative glycemic burden, were associated with metrics of brain health in later life. Participants were from Insight 46, a substudy of the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) who undertook volumetric MRI, florbetapir amyloid-PET imaging and cognitive assessments at ages of 69-71. Analyses were performed using linear and logistic regression as appropriate, with adjustment for potential confounders. We observed a sex interaction between HbA1c and whole brain volume (WBV) at all 3 time points. Following stratification of our sample, we observed that HbA1c at all ages, and CGI were positively associated with lower WBV exclusively in females. HbA1c (or CGI) was not associated with amyloid status, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), hippocampal volumes (HV) or cognitive outcomes in either sex. Higher HbA1c in adulthood is associated with smaller WBV at 69-71 years in females but not in males. This suggests that there may be preferential target organ damage in the brain for females with hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrtullah Fatih
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Lane
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Parker
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Lu
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian B Malone
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Silverwood
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Barnes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick C Fox
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alun Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah-Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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4
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Liu L, Ye J, Ying M, Li Q, Chen S, Wang B, Lin Y, Chen G, Lun Z, Huang H, Li H, Xu D, Tan N, Chen J, Liu J, Liu Y. The U-Shape Relationship Between Glycated Hemoglobin Level and Long-Term All-Cause Mortality Among Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:632704. [PMID: 33718455 PMCID: PMC7952311 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.632704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was considered as a prognostic factor in some subgroup of coronary artery disease (CAD), the specific relationship between HbA1c and the long-term all-cause death remains controversial in patients with CAD. Methods: The study enrolled 37,596 CAD patients and measured HbAlc at admission in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to HbAlc level (Quartile 1: HbA1c ≤ 5.7%; Quartile 2: 5.7% < HbA1c ≤ 6.1%; Quartile 3: 6.1% < HbA1c ≤ 6.7%; Quartile 4: HbA1c > 6.7%). The study endpoint was all-cause death. The restricted cubic splines and cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the association between baseline HbAlc levels and long-term all-cause mortality. Results: The median follow-up was 4 years. The cox proportional hazards models revealed that HbAlc is an independent risk factor in the long-term all-cause mortality. We also found an approximate U-shape association between HbA1c and the risk of mortality, including increased risk of mortality when HbA1c ≤ 5.7% and HbA1c > 6.7% [Compared with Quartile 2, Quartile 1 (HbA1c ≤ 5.7), aHR = 1.13, 95% CI:1.01–1.26, P < 0.05; Quartile 3 (6.1% < HbA1c ≤ 6.7%), aHR = 1.04, 95% CI:0.93–1.17, P =0.49; Quartile 4 (HbA1c > 6.7%), aHR = 1.32, 95% CI:1.19–1.47, P < 0.05]. Conclusions: Our study indicated a U-shape relationship between HbA1c and long-term all-cause mortality in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Dongguan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Ming Ying
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanzhong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhubin Lun
- Department of Cardiology, Dongguan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Haozhang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huangqiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danyuan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Gomel N, Barequet IS, Lipsky L, Bourla N, Einan-Lifshitz A. The effect of the glycemic control on the aqueous humor glucose levels in diabetic patients undergoing elective cataract surgery. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 31:415-421. [PMID: 32162546 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120910375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aqueous humor glucose levels play a role in the anterior segment disorders' pathophysiology, mainly in diabetics. Our purpose was to evaluate the ratio of aqueous humor glucose levels to blood glucose levels in diabetics and to evaluate the correlation between this ratio and blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. METHODS This prospective study was performed in Sheba Medical Center during 2016-2018. The study included type 2 diabetic patients admitted for elective cataract surgery. Blood glucose levels were measured immediately before surgery. HbA1c was obtained within 3 months preoperatively. At the beginning of surgery, 0.05-0.1 mL aqueous humor was drawn. Main outcome measures were aqueous humor glucose/blood glucose ratio and the correlation between HbA1c and aqueous humor glucose/blood glucose ratio. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients (mean age 75.2 ± 11.2 years) were recruited. The average aqueous humor glucose/blood glucose ratio was 0.69 ± 0.20. A significant positive correlation was found between aqueous humor and blood glucose levels, Pearson coefficient constant R = 0.63 (p < 0.01), and specifically stronger among older patients R = 0.89 (p < 0.01), females R = 0.74 (p < 0.01), patients with short-term disease (<10 years) R = 0.80 (p < 0.01), and patients treated with oral anti-diabetic treatment R = 0.74 (p < 0.01). A significant strong positive correlation was found between HbA1c levels and aqueous humor glucose/blood glucose ratio R = 0.62 (p < 0.01), and specifically stronger among older patients R = 0.82 (p < 0.01), males R = 0.70 (p < 0.01), patients with prolonged disease (⩾10 years) R = 0.540 (p < 0.05), and patients treated with oral anti-diabetic treatment R = 0.62 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION A significant strong correlation was found between aqueous humor glucose levels and blood glucose levels. Poor glycemic control was strongly correlated with an increased ratio, reflecting an increased anterior chamber's glucose permeability. Older age group was found to have stronger correlation of poor glycemic control with this ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Gomel
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Irina S Barequet
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Lipsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nirit Bourla
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Adi Einan-Lifshitz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Tzrifin, Israel
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6
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Chen J, Liu Y, Guo H, Wang B, Sun Z, Yu J. Urine Glucose Excretion Attenuates the Association Between Lipid Accumulation Product and Serum Uric Acid in Subjects with Prediabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2297-2305. [PMID: 32636664 PMCID: PMC7335310 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s255908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is known to be strongly associated with hyperuricemia. Moreover, the impact of urine glucose excretion (UGE) on serum uric acid (UA) levels has gained much more attention in recent years. Yet concern is raised about whether UGE influences the relationship between obesity and hyperuricemia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of UGE on the association between lipid accumulation product (LAP), a novel marker of visceral adipose accumulation, and UA in subjects with prediabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study. A total of 3645 subjects with prediabetes were included in the present study. The separate and joint associations of LAP and UGE with hyperuricemia were examined using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS LAP was positively associated with UA in both genders. Subgroup analysis based on UGE revealed that the association was strongest in subjects with low UGE (r = 0.328, p < 0.001), whereas the positive association was weakened, but still remained significant in subjects with moderate and high UGE. High LAP was significantly associated with an increased odds ratio for hyperuricemia after adjustment for potential confounders in the overall population (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.66-2.58, p < 0.001). However, a downward trend in odds ratios for hyperuricemia was observed across UGE categories. In addition, the joint association analysis confirmed that the relationship between LAP and hyperuricemia was attenuated by UGE. CONCLUSION The positive association between LAP and UA appears to be attenuated by UGE, indicating that promoting UGE may be an effective strategy for controlling UA levels, especially for people with obesity who are at increased risk for hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haijian Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Wang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zilin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Zilin Sun Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8613951749490 Email
| | - Jiangyi Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jiangyi Yu Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu210029, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +8613851740582 Email
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7
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Jia X, Hou Y, Xu M, Zhao Z, Xuan L, Wang T, Li M, Xu Y, Lu J, Bi Y, Wang W, Chen Y. Mendelian Randomization Analysis Support Causal Associations of HbA1c with Circulating Triglyceride, Total and Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in a Chinese Population. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5525. [PMID: 30940890 PMCID: PMC6445078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous observational studies supported a positive association of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level with serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). However, the causal relationship between HbA1c and either one of them was unclear in the East Asians. We performed a Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis in a community-based study sample in Shanghai, China (n = 11,935). To clarify the cause-and-effect relationships of HbA1c with the four interested lipids, an Expanded HbA1c genetic risk score (GRS) with 17 HbA1c-related common variants and a Conservative score by excluding 11 variants were built and adopted as the Instrumental Variables (IVs), respectively. The Expanded HbA1c-GRS was associated with 0.19 unit increment in log-TG (P = 0.009), 0.42 mmol/L TC (P = 0.01), and 0.33 mmol/L LDL-C (P = 0.01); while the Conservative HbA1c-GRS was associated with 0.22 unit in log-TG (P = 0.03), 0.60 mmol/L TC (P = 0.01), and 0.51 mmol/L LDL-C (P = 0.007). No causal relationship was detected for HDL-C. Sensitivity analysis supported the above findings. In conclusions, MR analysis supports a causal role of increased HbA1c level in increment of circulating TG, TC, and LDL-C in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhiyun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Liping Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Richter B, Hemmingsen B, Metzendorf M, Takwoingi Y, Cochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Group. Development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with intermediate hyperglycaemia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 10:CD012661. [PMID: 30371961 PMCID: PMC6516891 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012661.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermediate hyperglycaemia (IH) is characterised by one or more measurements of elevated blood glucose concentrations, such as impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and elevated glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). These levels are higher than normal but below the diagnostic threshold for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The reduced threshold of 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) fasting plasma glucose (FPG) for defining IFG, introduced by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 2003, substantially increased the prevalence of IFG. Likewise, the lowering of the HbA1c threshold from 6.0% to 5.7% by the ADA in 2010 could potentially have significant medical, public health and socioeconomic impacts. OBJECTIVES To assess the overall prognosis of people with IH for developing T2DM, regression from IH to normoglycaemia and the difference in T2DM incidence in people with IH versus people with normoglycaemia. SEARCH METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, ClincialTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) Search Portal up to December 2016 and updated the MEDLINE search in February 2018. We used several complementary search methods in addition to a Boolean search based on analytical text mining. SELECTION CRITERIA We included prospective cohort studies investigating the development of T2DM in people with IH. We used standard definitions of IH as described by the ADA or World Health Organization (WHO). We excluded intervention trials and studies on cohorts with additional comorbidities at baseline, studies with missing data on the transition from IH to T2DM, and studies where T2DM incidence was evaluated by documents or self-report only. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS One review author extracted study characteristics, and a second author checked the extracted data. We used a tailored version of the Quality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool for assessing risk of bias. We pooled incidence and incidence rate ratios (IRR) using a random-effects model to account for between-study heterogeneity. To meta-analyse incidence data, we used a method for pooling proportions. For hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR) of IH versus normoglycaemia, reported with 95% confidence intervals (CI), we obtained standard errors from these CIs and performed random-effects meta-analyses using the generic inverse-variance method. We used multivariable HRs and the model with the greatest number of covariates. We evaluated the certainty of the evidence with an adapted version of the GRADE framework. MAIN RESULTS We included 103 prospective cohort studies. The studies mainly defined IH by IFG5.6 (FPG mmol/L 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L or 100 mg/dL to 125 mg/dL), IFG6.1 (FPG 6.1 mmol/L to 6.9 mmol/L or 110 mg/dL to 125 mg/dL), IGT (plasma glucose 7.8 mmol/L to 11.1 mmol/L or 140 mg/dL to 199 mg/dL two hours after a 75 g glucose load on the oral glucose tolerance test, combined IFG and IGT (IFG/IGT), and elevated HbA1c (HbA1c5.7: HbA1c 5.7% to 6.4% or 39 mmol/mol to 46 mmol/mol; HbA1c6.0: HbA1c 6.0% to 6.4% or 42 mmol/mol to 46 mmol/mol). The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 24 years. Ninety-three studies evaluated the overall prognosis of people with IH measured by cumulative T2DM incidence, and 52 studies evaluated glycaemic status as a prognostic factor for T2DM by comparing a cohort with IH to a cohort with normoglycaemia. Participants were of Australian, European or North American origin in 41 studies; Latin American in 7; Asian or Middle Eastern in 50; and Islanders or American Indians in 5. Six studies included children and/or adolescents.Cumulative incidence of T2DM associated with IFG5.6, IFG6.1, IGT and the combination of IFG/IGT increased with length of follow-up. Cumulative incidence was highest with IFG/IGT, followed by IGT, IFG6.1 and IFG5.6. Limited data showed a higher T2DM incidence associated with HbA1c6.0 compared to HbA1c5.7. We rated the evidence for overall prognosis as of moderate certainty because of imprecision (wide CIs in most studies). In the 47 studies reporting restitution of normoglycaemia, regression ranged from 33% to 59% within one to five years follow-up, and from 17% to 42% for 6 to 11 years of follow-up (moderate-certainty evidence).Studies evaluating the prognostic effect of IH versus normoglycaemia reported different effect measures (HRs, IRRs and ORs). Overall, the effect measures all indicated an elevated risk of T2DM at 1 to 24 years of follow-up. Taking into account the long-term follow-up of cohort studies, estimation of HRs for time-dependent events like T2DM incidence appeared most reliable. The pooled HR and the number of studies and participants for different IH definitions as compared to normoglycaemia were: IFG5.6: HR 4.32 (95% CI 2.61 to 7.12), 8 studies, 9017 participants; IFG6.1: HR 5.47 (95% CI 3.50 to 8.54), 9 studies, 2818 participants; IGT: HR 3.61 (95% CI 2.31 to 5.64), 5 studies, 4010 participants; IFG and IGT: HR 6.90 (95% CI 4.15 to 11.45), 5 studies, 1038 participants; HbA1c5.7: HR 5.55 (95% CI 2.77 to 11.12), 4 studies, 5223 participants; HbA1c6.0: HR 10.10 (95% CI 3.59 to 28.43), 6 studies, 4532 participants. In subgroup analyses, there was no clear pattern of differences between geographic regions. We downgraded the evidence for the prognostic effect of IH versus normoglycaemia to low-certainty evidence due to study limitations because many studies did not adequately adjust for confounders. Imprecision and inconsistency required further downgrading due to wide 95% CIs and wide 95% prediction intervals (sometimes ranging from negative to positive prognostic factor to outcome associations), respectively.This evidence is up to date as of 26 February 2018. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Overall prognosis of people with IH worsened over time. T2DM cumulative incidence generally increased over the course of follow-up but varied with IH definition. Regression from IH to normoglycaemia decreased over time but was observed even after 11 years of follow-up. The risk of developing T2DM when comparing IH with normoglycaemia at baseline varied by IH definition. Taking into consideration the uncertainty of the available evidence, as well as the fluctuating stages of normoglycaemia, IH and T2DM, which may transition from one stage to another in both directions even after years of follow-up, practitioners should be careful about the potential implications of any active intervention for people 'diagnosed' with IH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Richter
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupPO Box 101007DüsseldorfGermany40001
| | - Bianca Hemmingsen
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupPO Box 101007DüsseldorfGermany40001
| | - Maria‐Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupPO Box 101007DüsseldorfGermany40001
| | - Yemisi Takwoingi
- University of BirminghamInstitute of Applied Health ResearchEdgbastonBirminghamUKB15 2TT
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Pollock BD, Chen W, Harville EW, Shu T, Fonseca V, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Kelly TN, Bazzano LA. Differential sex effects of systolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on type 2 diabetes: Life course data from the Bogalusa Heart Study. J Diabetes 2018; 10:449-457. [PMID: 28239958 PMCID: PMC5572556 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There may be sex-specific cardiometabolic mechanisms early in life that affect the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through mid-adulthood. However, few studies have examined whether early life course interactions between cardiometabolic risk factors and sex are associated with incident T2DM. METHODS This study followed 7725 children (3834 [49.6%] females, 3891 [50.4%] males) from the Bogalusa Heart Study through mid-adulthood to examine whether low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), body mass index (BMI), or systolic blood pressure (SBP) differentially affect the risk of T2DM for females versus males. Potential sex interactions were tested after adjusting for age, race, triglycerides, smoking, follow-up time, puberty stage, use of birth control, and enrollment year. RESULTS Mean (± SD) age at baseline was 9.4 ± 3.5 years. There were 176 cases of T2DM (cumulative incidence = 2.3%) during a median follow-up of 9.1 years. In females versus males, LDL-C and SBP were differentially associated with T2DM (P ≤ 0.001 and P = 0.017, respectively). The relationships of BMI and HDL-C with T2DM were non-differential between females and males (P = 0.79 and P = 0.27, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to show evidence of sex-specific differential effects of LDL-C and SBP on the risk of T2DM from childhood to adulthood. Greater LDL-C places girls at disproportionally higher risk of T2DM as women, whereas greater SBP differentially exposes boys to a greater risk of T2DM as men. Additional studies within existing child cohorts are needed to confirm and investigate the mechanisms underlying these differential effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Pollock
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Emily W Harville
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tian Shu
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Vivian Fonseca
- Department of Endocrinology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lydia A Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Fu TY, Wu CN, Sie HC, Cheng JT, Lin YS, Liou HH, Tseng YK, Shu CW, Tsai KW, Yen LM, Tseng HW, Tseng CJ, Ger LP, Liu PF. Subsite-specific association of DEAD box RNA helicase DDX60 with the development and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85097-85108. [PMID: 27835882 PMCID: PMC5356722 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical significance and biological function of DEXD/H box helicase 60 (DDX60) in oral cancer remains unknown. Herein, we evaluated the association of DDX60 expression with tumorigenesis and the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). DDX60 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray slides of 494 OSCC patients, including 180 buccal mucosal SCC (BMSCC), 241 tongue SCC (TSCC), and 73 lip SCC (LSCC) patients. DDX60 expression was significantly increased in all three subsites of OSCC compared to its expression in tumor adjacent normal tissues. However, its association with tumorigenesis was specific to the oral cavity subsite after the stratification of betel quid chewing, smoking, and drinking. Among OSCC patients, higher levels of DDX60 expression were associated with the male gender, a well-differentiated tumor, advanced stage of disease, and a large tumor size with subsite specific features. LSCC patients with high DDX60 expression levels showed shorter disease-specific survival, particularly those with moderately or poorly differentiated tumors. Additionally, TSCC or OSCC patients with high DDX60 expression showed a poor disease-free survival (DFS), particularly those with moderately or poorly differentiated tumors. Therefore, DDX60 is a novel and unfavorable biomarker for tumorigenesis and prognosis of OSCC in a subsite-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ying Fu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Nan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dental Technology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Cin Sie
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Tsuey Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yaoh-Shiang Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Han Liou
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Tseng
- Department of Orthopedics, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Shu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Biology, National Pingtung University of Education, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Leing-Ming Yen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Tseng
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jiunn Tseng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Ping Ger
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Distribution of glycated haemoglobin and its determinants in Korean youth and young adults: a nationwide population-based study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1962. [PMID: 29386645 PMCID: PMC5792600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to describe the distribution of and to investigate the factors associated with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) values in Korean youth (10–19 years old) and young adults (20–29 years old). Data from the Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2015) were used. A total of 6,418 participants (male 3,140 [53.2%]) aged 10–29 years were included in the analysis. Percentiles of HbA1c were calculated and HbA1c values were compared according to age, sex, and associated factors. The mean HbA1c values (% [mmol/mol]) were 5.42 ± 0.01 (35.7 ± 0.1) for youths and 5.32 ± 0.01 (34.7 ± 0.1) for young adults (P < 0.001). Male participants showed significantly higher HbA1c level than females (P < 0.001). When age was grouped into 5-year intervals, HbA1c was the highest in those aged 10–14 years and the lowest in those aged 20–24 years. After controlling for confounding variables, the HbA1c values of youths and male participants were significantly higher than those of young adults and female participants. The present study provides nationally representative data on the distribution of HbA1c values in Korean youth and young adults. There were significant differences in the level of HbA1c according to age and sex.
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