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Wanapat M, Dagaew G, Sommai S, Matra M, Suriyapha C, Prachumchai R, Muslykhah U, Phupaboon S. The application of omics technologies for understanding tropical plants-based bioactive compounds in ruminants: a review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:58. [PMID: 38689368 PMCID: PMC11062008 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Finding out how diet impacts health and metabolism while concentrating on the functional qualities and bioactive components of food is the crucial scientific objective of nutritional research. The complex relationship between metabolism and nutrition could be investigated with cutting-edge "omics" and bioinformatics techniques. This review paper provides an overview of the use of omics technologies in nutritional research, with a particular emphasis on the new applications of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and genomes in functional and biological activity research on ruminant livestock and products in the tropical regions. A wealth of knowledge has been uncovered regarding the regulation and use of numerous physiological and pathological processes by gene, mRNA, protein, and metabolite expressions under various physiological situations and guidelines. In particular, the components of meat and milk were assessed using omics research utilizing the various methods of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and genomes. The goal of this review is to use omics technologies-which have been steadily gaining popularity as technological tools-to develop new nutritional, genetic, and leadership strategies to improve animal products and their quality control. We also present an overview of the new applications of omics technologies in cattle production and employ nutriomics and foodomics technologies to investigate the microbes in the rumen ecology. Thus, the application of state-of-the-art omics technology may aid in our understanding of how species and/or breeds adapt, and the sustainability of tropical animal production, in the long run, is becoming increasingly important as a means of mitigating the consequences of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Gamonmas Dagaew
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sukruthai Sommai
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Maharach Matra
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Chaichana Suriyapha
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Rittikeard Prachumchai
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Technology Thanyaburi, Rajamangala Pathum Thani, 12130, Thailand
| | - Uswatun Muslykhah
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Srisan Phupaboon
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Zhang L, Lin Q, Zhang J, Shi Y, Pan L, Hou Y, Peng X, Li W, Wang J, Zhou P. Qualitative and Quantitative Changes of Oligosaccharides in Human and Animal Milk over Lactation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15553-15568. [PMID: 37815401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in human and animal milk oligosaccharides over lactation. In total, 89, 97, 115, and 71 oligosaccharides were identified in human, bovine, goat, and camel milk. The number of common oligosaccharides between camel and human milk was the highest (16 and 17 in transitional and mature milk). With respect to the absolute concentration of eight oligosaccharides (2'-FL, 3-FL, α3'-GL, LNT, LNnT, 3'-SL, 6'-SL, and DSL), 2'-FL, 3'-FL, LNT, and LNnT were much higher in human than three animal species. 3'-SL had a similar concentration in bovine colostrum (322.2 μg/mL) and human colostrum (321.0 μg/mL), followed by goat colostrum (105.1 μg/mL); however, it had the highest concentration in camel mature milk (304.5 μg/mL). The ratio of 6'-SL and 3'-SL (1.77) in goat colostrum was similar to that in human colostrum (1.68), followed by bovine colostrum (0.13). In terms of changes of eight oligosaccharides over lactation, they all decreased with the increase of lactation in bovine and goat milk; however, α3'-GL, 2'-FL, and 3-FL increased in camel species, and LNT increased first and then decreased over lactation in human milk. This study provides a better understanding of the variation of milk oligosaccharides related to lactation and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Pan
- Ausnutria Dairy (China) Company, Limited, Changsha, Hunan 410200, People's Republic of China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Hou
- Ausnutria Hyproca Nutrition Company, Limited, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Peng
- Ausnutria Dairy (China) Company, Limited, Changsha, Hunan 410200, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Ausnutria Dairy (China) Company, Limited, Changsha, Hunan 410200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Ausnutria Dairy (China) Company, Limited, Changsha, Hunan 410200, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
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Fan Y, McMath AL, Donovan SM. Review on the Impact of Milk Oligosaccharides on the Brain and Neurocognitive Development in Early Life. Nutrients 2023; 15:3743. [PMID: 37686775 PMCID: PMC10490528 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk Oligosaccharides (MOS), a group of complex carbohydrates found in human and bovine milk, have emerged as potential modulators of optimal brain development for early life. This review provides a comprehensive investigation of the impact of milk oligosaccharides on brain and neurocognitive development of early life by synthesizing current literature from preclinical models and human observational studies. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed search engine, and the inclusion eligibility was evaluated by three reviewers. Overall, we identified 26 articles for analysis. While the literature supports the crucial roles of fucosylated and sialylated milk oligosaccharides in learning, memory, executive functioning, and brain structural development, limitations were identified. In preclinical models, the supplementation of only the most abundant MOS might overlook the complexity of naturally occurring MOS compositions. Similarly, accurately quantifying MOS intake in human studies is challenging due to potential confounding effects such as formula feeding. Mechanistically, MOS is thought to impact neurodevelopment through modulation of the microbiota and enhancement of neuronal signaling. However, further advancement in our understanding necessitates clinical randomized-controlled trials to elucidate the specific mechanisms and long-term implications of milk oligosaccharides exposure. Understanding the interplay between milk oligosaccharides and cognition may contribute to early nutrition strategies for optimal cognitive outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Fan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Arden L. McMath
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Sharon M. Donovan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
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Binte Abu Bakar SY, Salim M, Clulow AJ, Seibt S, Landersdorfer CB, Geddes DT, Nicholas KR, Boyd BJ. Construction of a Synthetic Colostrum Substitute and Its Protection of Intestinal Cells against Inflammation in an In Vitro Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37480336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Colostrum provides bioactive components that are essential for the colonization of microbiota in the infant gut, while preventing infectious diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis. As colostrum is not always available from the mother, particularly for premature infants, effective and safe substitutes are keenly sought after by neonatologists. The benefits of bioactive factors in colostrum are recognized; however, there have been no accounts of human colostrum being studied during digestion of the lipid components or their self-assembly in gastrointestinal environments. Due to the weaker bile pool in infants than adults, evaluating the lipid composition of human colostrum and linking it to structural self-assembly behavior is important in these settings and thus enabling the formulation of substitutes for colostrum. This study is aimed at the rational design of an appropriate lipid component for a colostrum substitute and determining the ability of this formulation to reduce inflammation in intestinal cells. Gas chromatography was utilized to map lipid composition. The self-assembly of lipid components occurring during digestion of colostrum was monitored using small-angle X-ray scattering for comparison with substitute mixtures containing pure triglyceride lipids based on their abundance in colostrum. The digestion profiles of human colostrum and the substitute mixtures were similar. Subtle differences in lipid self-assembly were evident, with the substitute mixtures exhibiting additional non-lamellar phases, which were not seen for human colostrum. The difference is attributable to the distribution of free fatty acids released during digestion. The biological markers of necrotizing enterocolitis were modulated in cells that were treated with bifidobacteria cultured on colostrum substitute mixtures, compared to those treated with infant formula. These findings provide an insight into a colostrum substitute mixture that resembles human colostrum in terms of composition and structural behavior during digestion and potentially reduces some of the characteristics associated with necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syaza Y Binte Abu Bakar
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Malinda Salim
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew J Clulow
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Susanne Seibt
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Cornelia B Landersdorfer
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Donna T Geddes
- School of Molecular Science, The University of Western Australia, M310, 25 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Kevin R Nicholas
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
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Li R, Zhou Y, Xu Y. Comparative analysis of oligosaccharides in the milk of human and animals by using LC-QE-HF-MS. Food Chem X 2023; 18:100705. [PMID: 37397214 PMCID: PMC10314177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex oligosaccharides (OS) in different milk are more difficult to detect and complicated to analyze as their enormous structural complexity. UPLC-QE-HF-MS was supposed to be a highly effective method for OS identification. In present study, 70 human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), 14 bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMOs), 23 goat milk oligosaccharides (GMOs) and 24 rat milk oligosaccharides (RMOs) were detected by using UPLC-QE-HF-MS, respectively. There were highly differences in number and composition between the four milk OS. 14 neutral and 3 acidic OS were firstly found in rat milk. The composition and abundances of RMOs were might more similar to that of HMOs, comparing with BMOs and GMOs. The similarity between HMOs and RMOs might provide theoretical basis for better application of rats in biological/biomedical studies of HMOs as models. The BMOs and GMOs were expected to be suitable for applications in medical and functional foods as a promising bioactive molecular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
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6
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Durham SD, Wei Z, Lemay DG, Lange MC, Barile D. Creation of a milk oligosaccharide database, MilkOligoDB, reveals common structural motifs and extensive diversity across mammals. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10345. [PMID: 37365203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The carbohydrate fraction of most mammalian milks contains a variety of oligosaccharides that encompass a range of structures and monosaccharide compositions. Human milk oligosaccharides have received considerable attention due to their biological roles in neonatal gut microbiota, immunomodulation, and brain development. However, a major challenge in understanding the biology of milk oligosaccharides across other mammals is that reports span more than 5 decades of publications with varying data reporting methods. In the present study, publications on milk oligosaccharide profiles were identified and harmonized into a standardized format to create a comprehensive, machine-readable database of milk oligosaccharides across mammalian species. The resulting database, MilkOligoDB, includes 3193 entries for 783 unique oligosaccharide structures from the milk of 77 different species harvested from 113 publications. Cross-species and cross-publication comparisons of milk oligosaccharide profiles reveal common structural motifs within mammalian orders. Of the species studied, only chimpanzees, bonobos, and Asian elephants share the specific combination of fucosylation, sialylation, and core structures that are characteristic of human milk oligosaccharides. However, agriculturally important species do produce diverse oligosaccharides that may be valuable for human supplementation. Overall, MilkOligoDB facilitates cross-species and cross-publication comparisons of milk oligosaccharide profiles and the generation of new data-driven hypotheses for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra D Durham
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Zhe Wei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Danielle G Lemay
- Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Dr., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Matthew C Lange
- International Center for Food Ontology Operability Data and Semantics, 216 F Street Ste. 139, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Xia W, Liu Y, Loor JJ, Bionaz M, Jiang M. Dynamic Profile of the Yak Mammary Transcriptome during the Lactation Cycle. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101710. [PMID: 37238139 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the transcriptome of the mammary tissue of four yaks during the whole lactation cycle. For this purpose, biopsies of the mammary gland were performed at -30, -15, 1, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 days relative to parturition (d). The transcriptome analysis was performed using a commercial bovine microarray platform and the results were analyzed using several bioinformatic tools. The statistical analysis using an overall false discovery rate ≤ 0.05 for the effect of whole lactation and p < 0.05 for each comparison identified >6000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) throughout lactation, with a large number of DEGs observed at the onset (1 d vs. -15 d) and at the end of lactation (240 d vs. 180 d). Bioinformatics analysis revealed a major role of genes associated with BTA3, BTA4, BTA6, BTA9, BTA14, and BTA28 in lactation. Functional analysis of DEG underlined an overall induction of lipid metabolism, suggesting an increase in triglycerides synthesis, likely regulated by PPAR signaling. The same analysis revealed an induction of amino acid metabolism and secretion of protein, with a concomitant decrease in proteasome, indicating a major role of amino acid handling and reduced protein degradation in the synthesis and secretion of milk proteins. Glycan biosynthesis was induced for both N-glycan and O-glycan, suggesting increased glycan content in the milk. The cell cycle and immune response, especially antigen processing and presentation, were strongly inhibited during lactation, suggesting that morphological changes are minimized during lactation, while the mammary gland prevents immune hyper-response. Transcripts associated with response to radiation and low oxygen were enriched in the down-regulated DEG affected by the stage of lactation. Except for this last finding, the functions affected by the transcriptomic adaptation to lactation in mammary tissue of yak are very similar to those observed in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yili Liu
- College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Massimo Bionaz
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, 112 Withycombe Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Mingfeng Jiang
- College of Animal and Veterinary Science, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Abstract
Sialic acids (Sias), a group of over 50 structurally distinct acidic saccharides on the surface of all vertebrate cells, are neuraminic acid derivatives. They serve as glycan chain terminators in extracellular glycolipids and glycoproteins. In particular, Sias have significant implications in cell-to-cell as well as host-to-pathogen interactions and participate in various biological processes, including neurodevelopment, neurodegeneration, fertilization, and tumor migration. However, Sia is also present in some of our daily diets, particularly in conjugated form (sialoglycans), such as those in edible bird's nest, red meats, breast milk, bovine milk, and eggs. Among them, breast milk, especially colostrum, contains a high concentration of sialylated oligosaccharides. Numerous reviews have concentrated on the physiological function of Sia as a cellular component of the body and its relationship with the occurrence of diseases. However, the consumption of Sias through dietary sources exerts significant influence on human health, possibly by modulating the gut microbiota's composition and metabolism. In this review, we summarize the distribution, structure, and biological function of particular Sia-rich diets, including human milk, bovine milk, red meat, and egg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Li R, Zhou Y, Xu Y. Comparative Analysis of Oligosaccharides in Breast Milk and Feces of Breast-Fed Infants by Using LC-QE-HF-MS: A Communication. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040888. [PMID: 36839244 PMCID: PMC9963387 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, it must be acknowledged that little is known about the quantity and make-up of oligosaccharides (OS) found in breast-fed babies' feces as well as their metabolic fate. In the present work, UPLC-QE-HF-MS was successfully adopted to identify the profiles of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in the breast milk of four mothers and fecal OS in the feces of their breast-fed infant. There were significant variations and differences in both number and composition between HMOs and fecal OS. The early-life gastrointestinal microbiota metabolism may be triggered into the advanced breakdown, synthesis, bioconversion, or redesign of HMOs. The fate of HMOs during passage through the gastrointestinal tract may be profoundly informed by the comparison of OS between breast milk and fecal OS profiles. The characterization of fecal OS could be applied as a valuable tool for monitoring the gastrointestinal fate of HMOs and reflecting infant development at different stages of lactation. Further research on the gastrointestinal bioconversion of HMOs profiles is required, including secretor type and the lactation time of milk, as well as baby feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-8280-2552
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Analysis of milk with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry: a review. Eur Food Res Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-022-04197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAs a widely consumed foodstuff, milk and dairy products are increasingly studied over the years. At the present time, milk profiling is used as a benchmark to assess the properties of milk. Modern biomolecular mass spectrometers have become invaluable to fully characterize the milk composition. This review reports the analysis of milk and its components using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS). LC–MS analysis as a whole will be discussed subdivided into the major constituents of milk, namely, lipids, proteins, sugars and the mineral fraction.
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Bunyatratchata A, Parc AL, de Moura Bell JMLN, Cohen JL, Duman H, Arslan A, Kaplan M, Barile D, Karav S. Release of bifidogenic N-glycans from native bovine colostrum proteins by an endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 162:110138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Asbjornsdottir B, Miranda-Ribera A, Fiorentino M, Konno T, Cetinbas M, Lan J, Sadreyev RI, Gudmundsson LS, Gottfredsson M, Lauth B, Birgisdottir BE, Fasano A. Prophylactic Effect of Bovine Colostrum on Intestinal Microbiota and Behavior in Wild-Type and Zonulin Transgenic Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010091. [PMID: 36672598 PMCID: PMC9855927 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) involves bidirectional communication between intestinal microbiota and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, central nervous system (CNS), neuroendocrine/neuroimmune systems, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and enteric nervous system (ENS). The intestinal microbiota can influence host physiology and pathology. Dysbiosis involves the loss of beneficial microbial input or signal, diversity, and expansion of pathobionts, which can lead to loss of barrier function and increased intestinal permeability (IP). Colostrum, the first milk from mammals after birth, is a natural source of nutrients and is rich in oligosaccharides, immunoglobulins, growth factors, and anti-microbial components. The aim of this study was to investigate if bovine colostrum (BC) administration might modulate intestinal microbiota and, in turn, behavior in two mouse models, wild-type (WT) and Zonulin transgenic (Ztm)-the latter of which is characterized by dysbiotic microbiota, increased intestinal permeability, and mild hyperactivity-and to compare with control mice. Bioinformatics analysis of the microbiome showed that consumption of BC was associated with increased taxonomy abundance (p = 0.001) and diversity (p = 0.004) of potentially beneficial species in WT mice and shifted dysbiotic microbial community towards eubiosis in Ztm mice (p = 0.001). BC induced an anxiolytic effect in WT female mice compared with WT female control mice (p = 0.0003), and it reduced anxiogenic behavior in Ztm female mice compared with WT female control mice (p = 0.001), as well as in Ztm male mice compared with WT BC male mice (p = 0.03). As evidenced in MGBA interactions, BC supplementation may well be applied for prophylactic approaches in the future. Further research is needed to explore human interdependencies between intestinal microbiota, including eubiosis and pathobionts, and neuroinflammation, and the potential value of BC for human use. The MGH Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee authorized the animal study (2013N000013).
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Affiliation(s)
- Birna Asbjornsdottir
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02152, USA
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali University Hospital and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Correspondence:
| | - Alba Miranda-Ribera
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02152, USA
| | - Maria Fiorentino
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02152, USA
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02152, USA
| | - Murat Cetinbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jinggang Lan
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02152, USA
| | - Ruslan I. Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Larus S. Gudmundsson
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Magnus Gottfredsson
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bertrand Lauth
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Landspitali University Hospital, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali University Hospital and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02152, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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13
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Cai Y, Folkerts G, Braber S. Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides: A Novel Treatment for Respiratory Infections? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235033. [PMID: 36501062 PMCID: PMC9736878 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging antimicrobial resistance in respiratory infections requires novel intervention strategies. Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) are a diverse group of carbohydrates with broad protective effects. In addition to promoting the colonization of beneficial gut microbiota and maintaining the intestinal homeostasis, NDOs act as decoy receptors, effectively blocking the attachment of pathogens on host cells. NDOs also function as a bacteriostatic agent, inhibiting the growth of specific pathogenic bacteria. Based on this fact, NDOs potentiate the actions of antimicrobial drugs. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in characterizing the anti-infective properties of NDOs. This focused review provides insights into the mechanisms by which representative NDOs may suppress respiratory infections by targeting pathogens and host cells. We summarized the most interesting mechanisms of NDOs, including maintenance of gut microbiota homeostasis, interference with TLR-mediated signaling, anti-oxidative effects and bacterial toxin neutralization, bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, and anti-adhesion or anti-invasive properties. A detailed understanding of anti-infective mechanisms of NDOs against respiratory pathogens may contribute to the development of add-on therapy or alternatives to antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (S.B.)
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14
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Jin W, Lu Y, Li C, Zou M, Chen Q, Nan L, Wei M, Wang C, Huang L, Wang Z. Improved Glycoqueuing Strategy Reveals Novel α2,3-Linked Di-/Tri-Sialylated Oligosaccharide Isomers in Human Milk. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13996-14004. [PMID: 36278935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (SHMOs) possess unique biological activities. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of SHMOs at different lactation stages are limited by interference from neutral oligosaccharides, glycan structural complexity, and low detection sensitivity. Herein, our previously developed glycoqueuing strategy was improved and applied to enable an isomer-specific quantitative comparison of SHMOs between colostrum milk (CM) and mature milk (MM). A total of 49 putative structures were determined, including 1 α2,6-linked and 13 α2,3-linked isomers separated from seven newly discovered SHMO compositions. The content of most oligosaccharides was more than 50% lower in MM than in CM, and α2,3-sialylation was observed in 43.74% of SHMOs from CM and 22.95% of SHMOs from MM. Finally, the fucosylation level of the SHMOs increased from 16.45 to 22.28% with prolonged lactation. These findings provide the basis for further studies on the structure-activity relationship of SHMOs and a blueprint to improve infant formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Jin
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
- College of Life Science, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Meiyi Zou
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qinghui Chen
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Lijing Nan
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Ming Wei
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chengjian Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Utilization Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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15
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Crisà A, Marchitelli C, Failla S, Contò M. Determination of N-acetylneuraminic and N-glycolylneuraminic acids in unprocessed milk of four cattle breeds. J DAIRY RES 2022; 89:1-3. [PMID: 36155637 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029922000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This research communication reports concentrations of two sialic acids (SA), N-acetylneuraminic (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylneuraminic (Neu5Gc), in fresh milk from different cow breeds throughout lactation. According to published studies, the two SA types found in animal-derived products have diverse and conflicting effects on human health, but SA content is not routinely analysed in individual milk cows samples. We measured the content of Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc in milk from Holstein Friesian (HO), Simmental (SM), Simmental × Holstein crossbred (SM×HO), and Podolica (POD) cows at 60 and 120 d following calving. HO, SM and SM×HO were reared in an intensive production while POD were raised in an extensive system. Results showed that total Neu5Ac was overall thirty times more abundant than Neu5Gc, and their concentrations were higher at 120 d than at 60 d (P < 0.001). Neu5Gc values were greater in HO, SM, and SM × HO than in POD (P < 0.001), while HO had a higher Neu5Ac value than the other three breeds (P < 0.001). These findings shed light on the differences in SA content among cow breeds and lay the groundwork for future research to select animals that produce milk with desirable characteristics for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Crisà
- CREA: Research Centre for Animal Production and Acquaculture, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchitelli
- CREA: Research Centre for Animal Production and Acquaculture, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Sebastiana Failla
- CREA: Research Centre for Animal Production and Acquaculture, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Michela Contò
- CREA: Research Centre for Animal Production and Acquaculture, Monterotondo, Italy
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16
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Calvo Barbosa AM, Casallas Cortes S, Pulido N, Parra MY, Rodríguez-López A, Guevara-Morales J, Echeverri-Peña OY. Metabolic impact of infant formulas in young infants. An outlook from the urine metabolome. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10432. [PMID: 36119867 PMCID: PMC9475274 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although breast milk is the ideal food source for newborns during the first six months of life, a high percentage of children receive infant formulas. There is evidence that specific diet habits may influence individual metabolic profile. Therefore, in newborns, such profile can be influenced by the use of infantile formulas given the composition differences that display compared to human milk. Up to now, there are no reports in the literature that address this issue. Objectives this work aims to compare the metabolic profile of full-term newborns that were feed with either breast milk (n = 32) or infantile formulas (n = 21). Methods: Metabolic profile was established based on urine analysis through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR). Results our results evidenced a more gluconeogenic profile in breast-fed infants characterized by elevation of Kreb's cycle intermediaries like fumaric, succinic and ketoglutaric acids compared to infants receiving infant formula. In addition, infant formula fed infants presented urinary excretion of metabolites derived from specific compounds present in this type of diet that were not observed in breast-fed infants, for instance D-glucitol, and 4-deoxytetronic. Moreover, in infant formula fed infants there was excretion of basal levels of metabolites of clinical relevance like 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaric, 2-methyl-3-keto-valeric and 3,4-dihydroxybutyric. Conclusion These results show the importance of understanding the metabolic impact of diet in newborn population in normal and pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Marcela Calvo Barbosa
- Instituto de Errores Innatos Del Metabolismo. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Stefany Casallas Cortes
- Instituto de Errores Innatos Del Metabolismo. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ninna Pulido
- Instituto de Errores Innatos Del Metabolismo. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Ciencias de Laboratorio Clínico. Hospital Universitaria San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martha Yaneth Parra
- Instituto de Errores Innatos Del Metabolismo. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alexander Rodríguez-López
- Instituto de Errores Innatos Del Metabolismo. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia
- Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Johana Guevara-Morales
- Instituto de Errores Innatos Del Metabolismo. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Olga Yaneth Echeverri-Peña
- Instituto de Errores Innatos Del Metabolismo. Facultad de Ciencias. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 # 43-82. Ed. 54, Bogotá, Colombia
- Corresponding author.
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17
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Gnanesh Kumar BS, Lijina P, Jinesh P, Anagha SM. N-Glycoprofiling of immunoglobulin G and lactoferrin with site-specificity from goat milk using RP-UHPLC MS/MS. Food Chem 2022; 383:132376. [PMID: 35180604 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycans present in glycoproteins are structurally diverse and contribute to the carbohydrate pool of the milk. Goat milk is a leading non-bovine milk source, wherein glycan diversity of several glycoproteins remains unexplored. Herein, site-specific N-glycoprofiling of two major glycoproteins - immunoglobulin G (IgG) and lactoferrin (Lf) from goat milk was performed through RP-UHPLC Q-Tof MS/MS approach. IgG revealed diverse complex glycans that were predominantly biantennary type with differential core fucosylation, bisecting GlcNAc, and mono/di- sialylation (NeuAc/NeuGc). The N-glycan repertoire of Lf at four sites indicated the range of high mannose, complex and hybrid types with varying abundances. High mannose glycans were specifically observed at N252NT and N564DT sites. Majorly complex glycans with fully sialylated were found at N387VT site. While N495QT site revealed complex and hybrid types with differential core fucosylation and sialylation. The glycan features observed in these glycoproteins would pave way for effective utilization as bioactive ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Gnanesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - P Lijina
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - P Jinesh
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - S M Anagha
- School of Biological Sciences, JSS AHER, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570 015, Karnataka, India
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18
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Unusual free oligosaccharides in human bovine and caprine milk. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10790. [PMID: 35750794 PMCID: PMC9232581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Free oligosaccharides are abundant macronutrients in milk and involved in prebiotic functions and antiadhesive binding of viruses and pathogenic bacteria to colonocytes. Despite the importance of these oligosaccharides, structural determination of oligosaccharides is challenging, and milk oligosaccharide biosynthetic pathways remain unclear. Oligosaccharide structures are conventionally determined using a combination of chemical reactions, exoglycosidase digestion, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Most reported free oligosaccharides are highly abundant and have lactose at the reducing end, and current oligosaccharide biosynthetic pathways in human milk are proposed based on these oligosaccharides. In this study, a new mass spectrometry technique, which can identify linkages, anomericities, and stereoisomers, was applied to determine the structures of free oligosaccharides in human, bovine, and caprine milk. Oligosaccharides that do not follow the current biosynthetic pathways and are not synthesized by any discovered enzymes were found, indicating the existence of undiscovered biosynthetic pathways and enzymes.
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19
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Rastall RA, Diez-Municio M, Forssten SD, Hamaker B, Meynier A, Moreno FJ, Respondek F, Stah B, Venema K, Wiese M. Structure and function of non-digestible carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. Benef Microbes 2022; 13:95-168. [PMID: 35729770 DOI: 10.3920/bm2021.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Together with proteins and fats, carbohydrates are one of the macronutrients in the human diet. Digestible carbohydrates, such as starch, starch-based products, sucrose, lactose, glucose and some sugar alcohols and unusual (and fairly rare) α-linked glucans, directly provide us with energy while other carbohydrates including high molecular weight polysaccharides, mainly from plant cell walls, provide us with dietary fibre. Carbohydrates which are efficiently digested in the small intestine are not available in appreciable quantities to act as substrates for gut bacteria. Some oligo- and polysaccharides, many of which are also dietary fibres, are resistant to digestion in the small intestines and enter the colon where they provide substrates for the complex bacterial ecosystem that resides there. This review will focus on these non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) and examine their impact on the gut microbiota and their physiological impact. Of particular focus will be the potential of non-digestible carbohydrates to act as prebiotics, but the review will also evaluate direct effects of NDC on human cells and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Rastall
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
| | - M Diez-Municio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), CEI (UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S D Forssten
- IFF Health & Biosciences, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | - B Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2009, USA
| | - A Meynier
- Nutrition Research, Mondelez France R&D SAS, 6 rue René Razel, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - F Javier Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), CEI (UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Respondek
- Tereos, Zoning Industriel Portuaire, 67390 Marckolsheim, France
| | - B Stah
- Human Milk Research & Analytical Science, Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - K Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University - campus Venlo, St. Jansweg 20, 5928 RC Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - M Wiese
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, the Netherlands
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20
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Wells JM, Gao Y, de Groot N, Vonk MM, Ulfman L, van Neerven RJJ. Babies, Bugs, and Barriers: Dietary Modulation of Intestinal Barrier Function in Early Life. Annu Rev Nutr 2022; 42:165-200. [PMID: 35697048 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-122221-103916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is essential in early life to prevent infection, inflammation, and food allergies. It consists of microbiota, a mucus layer, an epithelial layer, and the immune system. Microbial metabolites, the mucus, antimicrobial peptides, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) protect the intestinal mucosa against infection. The complex interplay between these functionalities of the intestinal barrier is crucial in early life by supporting homeostasis, development of the intestinal immune system, and long-term gut health. Exclusive breastfeeding is highly recommended during the first 6 months. When breastfeeding is not possible, milk-based infant formulas are the only safe alternative. Breast milk contains many bioactive components that help to establish the intestinal microbiota and influence the development of the intestinal epithelium and the immune system. Importantly, breastfeeding lowers the risk for intestinal and respiratory tract infections. Here we review all aspects of intestinal barrier function and the nutritional components that impact its functionality in early life, such as micronutrients, bioactive milk proteins, milk lipids, and human milk oligosaccharides. These components are present in breast milk and can be added to milk-based infant formulas to support gut health and immunity. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 42 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry M Wells
- Host Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yifan Gao
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - R J Joost van Neerven
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands;
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21
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Durham SD, Lemay DG, Wei Z, Kalscheur KF, Finley JW, Fukagawa NK, Barile D. Dietary Fiber to Starch Ratio Affects Bovine Milk Oligosaccharide Profiles. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac033. [PMID: 35711571 PMCID: PMC9197575 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMOs) have several demonstrated and hypothesized benefits including roles in cognitive development and antipathogenic activities, making them promising ingredients for infant formulas and nutraceutical applications. BMO extraction from bovine milk is challenged by low concentrations relative to nonbioactive simple sugars like lactose. BMO abundances are known to vary with a cow's lactation stage, breed, and parity, but these characteristics are difficult to modify in existing dairy herds. In contrast, diet modification is an accessible target, and is already known to influence milk yield, lipid content, protein levels, and monosaccharide compositions. Objectives To determine the impact of a low starch high fiber versus a high starch low fiber diet on overall BMO profiles and individual BMO abundances in Holstein dairy cattle. Methods Milk samples were collected from 59 midlactation Holsteins in a crossover study featuring dietary modification with either a low starch high fiber or high starch low fiber feed. BMO profiles were evaluated by nano-LC quadrupole time-of-flight tandem MS, and differences in BMO abundances between diets were evaluated using linear mixed effects modeling. Results A total of 19 BMOs were identified across the sample set, including 4 large fucosylated compounds. Seven BMOs were found to have significantly more positive percent changes in yield-adjusted abundance from the pre-experiment baseline period for milk samples collected during feeding with the low starch high fiber diet compared with the high starch low fiber diet. Conclusions Consuming the low starch high fiber diet promoted greater overall BMO production than the high starch low fiber diet in a population of midlactation Holsteins. Additionally, this study afforded the opportunity to investigate the impact of other factors potentially influencing BMO abundances, furthering understanding of how dairy herd management practices can positively impact milk composition and support the potential use of BMOs as functional ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra D Durham
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Danielle G Lemay
- Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zhe Wei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth F Kalscheur
- Agricultural Research Service, USDA, US Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John W Finley
- Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Office of National Programs, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Naomi K Fukagawa
- Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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22
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Abstract
Sialyloligosaccharides (SOS) are bioactive molecules that play an important role in brain development and the increase in immunity in infants. In adults, they act as prebiotics, enhancing protection against microbial pathogens. In the present work, we aimed to analyze the levels of SOS in mature milk, at days 60 and 120 after calving in four cow breeds: Holstein (HO), Simmental × Holstein (SM × HO), Simmental (SM), all fed with total mixed ration (TMR) in intensive production, and Podolica (POD) raised on pasture in an extensive system. The concentrations of SOS (3′-sialyllactose = 3′-SL, 6′-sialyllactose = 6′-SL, 6′-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine = 6′-SLN, disialyllactose = DSL, expressed in mg/L) were determined using HPAEC-PAD, a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Results showed both breed and lactation effects. The contents of 3′-SL, 6′-SL, 6′-SLN, and DSL were higher at 60 than 120 days (p < 0.001), as well as in POD, as compared to the other breeds (p < 0.001). Furthermore, SM showed a significantly greater level of 3′-SL than HO (p < 0.001), as well as a significantly higher level of 6′-SLN in SM than HO (p < 0.001) and SM × HO (p < 0.001). Our findings may have implications for several areas of sustainability that might be used in the cattle management system.
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23
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Yang Y, Lu Y, Liu Y, Pan Y, Ma H, Huang L, Wang Z. Comparative analysis of yak milk and bovine milk glycoprotein N/O-glycome by online HILIC-UV-ESI-MS/MS. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118918. [PMID: 34973737 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Yak milk (YM) has higher protein content than other bovine milk (BM) varieties. The bioactivity of milk glycoproteins is related to N/O-glycans. We qualitatively and quantitatively compared the N/O-glycome of YM and BM glycoproteins using stable isotope labeling combined with hydrophilic interaction chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We identified 79 and 78 N-glycans in YM and BM, respectively. Two N-glycans (H4N5F1A1; H5N4F1) were exclusive to YM. The content ratios of different types of N-glycans differed significantly between YM and BM, with sialylated N-glycans 2.33 times more abundant in YM. Five and seven O-glycans were detected in YM and BM, respectively. Two O-glycans (H1N2; H1N2A1) were exclusive to BM. The bi-sialylated O-glycan, H1N1A2, accounted for 56.1% of O-glycans in YM; it was 5.97 times more abundant in YM than in BM (equal volume basis). This study provides a theoretical basis for the future utilization of YM as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuerong Yang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yinchuan Liu
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yu Pan
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Hongjuan Ma
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Effect of sialyllactose administration on growth performance and intestinal epithelium development in suckling piglets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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25
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Shi Y, Han B, Zhang L, Zhou P. Comprehensive Identification and Absolute Quantification of Milk Oligosaccharides in Different Species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15585-15597. [PMID: 34928137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human and animal milk contains a rich variety of oligosaccharides (OSs), which are of great interest due to a similar biological efficacy. In this study, the OSs were identified and the concentrations of eight specific OSs in human and four animal milk (cow, goat, sheep, and camel) were analyzed. In general, 30, 42, 32, 34, and 35 OSs were identified in bovine, caprine, ovine, camel, and human milk, respectively. Camel milk was the most similar in type to human milk than other four animal milk. The concentration of eight OSs in human milk was approximately six times higher than that in camel milk, 20 times higher than that in bovine and caprine milk, and 75 times higher than that in ovine milk. Collectively, these findings revealed the characteristics and concentrations of OSs in the milk of different species, providing insights into the potential application of OSs in medical and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Binsong Han
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
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Lang Y, Zhang Y, Wang C, Huang L, Liu X, Song N, Li G, Yu G. Comparison of Different Labeling Techniques for the LC-MS Profiling of Human Milk Oligosaccharides. Front Chem 2021; 9:691299. [PMID: 34589467 PMCID: PMC8473617 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.691299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) exhibit various biological activities for infants, such as serving as prebiotics, blocking pathogens, and aiding in brain development. HMOs are a complex mixture of hetero-oligosaccharides that are generally highly branched, containing multiple structural isomers and no intrinsic chromophores, presenting a challenge to both their resolution and quantitative detection. While liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has become the primary strategy for analysis of various compounds, the very polar and chromophore-free properties of native glycans hinder their separation in LC and ionization in MS. Various labeling approaches have been developed to achieve separation of glycans with higher resolution and greater sensitivity of detection. Here, we compared five commonly used labeling techniques [by 2-aminobenzamide, 2-aminopyridine, 2-aminobenzoic acid (2-AA), 2,6-diaminopyridine, and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone] for analyzing HMOs specifically under hydrophilic-interaction chromatography-mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS) conditions. The 2-AA labeling showed the most consistent deprotonated molecular ions, the enhanced sensitivity with the least structural selectivity, and the sequencing-informative tandem MS fragmentation spectra for the widest range of HMOs; therefore, this labeling technique was selected for further optimization under the porous graphitized carbon chromatography-mass spectrometry (PGC-MS) conditions. The combination strategy of 2-AA labeling and PGC-MS techniques provided online decontamination (removal of excess 2-AA, salts, and lactose) and resolute detection of many HMOs, enabling us to characterize the profiles of complicated HMO mixtures comprehensively in a simple protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhi Lang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Limei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ni Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Bunyatratchata A, Weinborn V, Barile D. Bioactive oligosaccharides in colostrum and other liquid feeds for calf's early life nutrition: A qualitative and quantitative investigation. Int Dairy J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Evolution of milk oligosaccharides: Origin and selectivity of the ratio of milk oligosaccharides to lactose among mammals. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1866:130012. [PMID: 34536507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carbohydrate fraction of mammalian milk is constituted of lactose and oligosaccharides, most of which contain a lactose unit at their reducing ends. Although lactose is the predominant saccharide in the milk of most eutherians, oligosaccharides significantly predominate over lactose in the milk of monotremes and marsupials. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review describes the most likely process by which lactose and milk oligosaccharides were acquired during the evolution of mammals and the mechanisms by which these saccharides are digested and absorbed by the suckling neonates. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS During the evolution of mammals, c-type lysozyme evolved to α-lactalbumin. This permitted the biosynthesis of lactose by modulating the substrate specificity of β4galactosyltransferase 1, thus enabling the concomitant biosynthesis of milk oligosaccharides through the activities of several glycosyltransferases using lactose as an acceptor. In most eutherian mammals the digestion of lactose to glucose and galactose is achieved through the action of intestinal lactase (β-galactosidase), which is located within the small intestinal brush border. This enzyme, however, is absent in neonatal monotremes and macropod marsupials. It has therefore been proposed that in these species the absorption of milk oligosaccharides is achieved by pinocytosis or endocytosis, after which digestion occurs through the actions of several lysosomal acid glycosidases. This process would enable the milk oligosaccharides of monotremes and marsupials to be utilized as a significant energy source for the suckling neonates. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The evolution and significance of milk oligosaccharides is discussed in relation to the evolution of mammals.
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Sunds AV, Sundekilde UK, Poulsen NA, Larsen LB. Association between udder inflammation and glycosidase activities and free sugar levels in bovine milk. Int Dairy J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.105093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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30
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Tran C, Turolla L, Ballhausen D, Buros SC, Teav T, Gallart-Ayala H, Ivanisevic J, Faouzi M, Lefeber DJ, Ivanovski I, Giangiobbe S, Caraffi SG, Garavelli L, Superti-Furga A. The fate of orally administered sialic acid: First insights from patients with N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase deficiency and control subjects. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 28:100777. [PMID: 34258226 PMCID: PMC8251509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In NANS deficiency, biallelic mutations in the N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (NANS) gene impair the endogenous synthesis of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) leading to accumulation of the precursor, N-acetyl mannosamine (ManNAc), and to a multisystemic disorder with intellectual disability. The aim of this study was to determine whether sialic acid supplementation might be a therapeutic avenue for NANS-deficient patients. METHODS Four adults and two children with NANS deficiency and four adult controls received oral NeuNAc acid (150 mg/kg/d) over three days. Total NeuNAc, free NeuNAc and ManNAc were analyzed in plasma and urine at different time points. RESULTS Upon NeuNAc administration, plasma free NeuNAc increased within hours (P < 0.001) in control and in NANS-deficient individuals. Total and free NeuNAc concentrations also increased in the urine as soon as 6 h after beginning of oral administration in both groups. NeuNAc did not affect plasma and urinary ManNAc, that remained higher in NANS deficient subjects than in controls (day 1-3; all P < 0.01). Oral NeuNAc was well tolerated with no significant side effects. DISCUSSION Orally administered free NeuNAc was rapidly absorbed but also rapidly excreted in the urine. It did not change ManNAc levels in either patients or controls, indicating that it may not achieve enough feedback inhibition to reduce ManNAc accumulation in NANS-deficient subjects. Within the limitations of this study these results do not support a potential for oral free NeuNAc in the treatment of NANS deficiency but they provide a basis for further therapeutic approaches in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Tran
- Center for Molecular Diseases, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Licia Turolla
- Medical Genetics Unit, Azienda ULSS 2, Treviso, Italy
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Pediatric Metabolic Unit, Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Faouzi
- Division of Biostatistics, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J. Lefeber
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ivan Ivanovski
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Giangiobbe
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Center for Molecular Diseases, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
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31
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Arslan A, Kaplan M, Duman H, Bayraktar A, Ertürk M, Henrick BM, Frese SA, Karav S. Bovine Colostrum and Its Potential for Human Health and Nutrition. Front Nutr 2021; 8:651721. [PMID: 34235166 PMCID: PMC8255475 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.651721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Colostrum is the first milk produced post-partum by mammals and is compositionally distinct from mature milk. Bovine colostrum has a long history of consumption by humans, and there have been a number of studies investigating its potential for applications in human nutrition and health. Extensive characterization of the constituent fractions has identified a wealth of potentially bioactive molecules, their potential for shaping neonatal development, and the potential for their application beyond the neonatal period. Proteins, fats, glycans, minerals, and vitamins are abundant in colostrum, and advances in dairy processing technologies have enabled the advancement of bovine colostrum from relative limitations of a fresh and unprocessed food to a variety of potential applications. In these forms, clinical studies have examined bovine colostrum as having the substantial potential to improve human health. This review discusses the macro-and micronutrient composition of colostrum as well as describing well-characterized bioactives found in bovine colostrum and their potential for human health. Current gaps in knowledge are also identified and future directions are considered in order to elevate the potential for bovine colostrum as a component of a healthy diet for a variety of relevant human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşenur Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Merve Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Hatice Duman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Bayraktar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
- Uluova Dairy, Canakkale, Turkey
| | | | - Bethany M. Henrick
- Evolve Biosystems, Inc. Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Steven A. Frese
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Department of Nutrition, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
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32
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Lv X, Wu Y, Gong M, Deng J, Gu Y, Liu Y, Li J, Du G, Ledesma-Amaro R, Liu L, Chen J. Synthetic biology for future food: Research progress and future directions. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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33
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Li SN, Tang SH, Ren R, Gong JX, Chen YM. Metabolomic profile of milk fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus cocultured with Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, or both during storage. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8493-8505. [PMID: 34024601 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the microbial interactions among cocultures of Streptococcus thermophilus (St) with potential probiotics of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (Ba) and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Lp) in fermented milk were investigated during a storage period of 21 d at 4°C, in terms of acidifying activity (pH and titratable acidity), viable counts, and metabolites. A nontargeted metabolomics approach based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was employed for mapping the global metabolite profiles of fermented milk. Probiotic strains cocultured with St accelerated milk acidification, and improved the microbial viability compared with the single culture of St. The St-Ba/Lp treatment manifested a higher bacteria viability and acidification ability in comparison with the St-Ba or the St-Lp treatment. Relative quantitation of 179 significant metabolites was identified, including nucleosides, AA, short peptides, organic acids, lipid derivatives, carbohydrates, carbonyl compounds, and compounds related to energy metabolism. The principal component analysis indicated that St treatment and coculture treatments displayed a complete distinction in metabolite profiles, and Lp had a larger effect than Ba on metabolic profiles of fermented milk produced by cofermentation with St during storage. The heat map in combination with hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the abundance of metabolites significantly varied with the starter cultures over the storage, and high abundance of metabolites was observed in either St or coculture samples. The St-Ba/Lp treatment showed relatively high abundance for the vast majority of metabolites. These findings suggest that the profile of the metabolites characterizing fermented milk samples may depend on the starter cultures, and incorporation of probiotics may considerably influence the metabolomic activities of fermented milks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - S H Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - R Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - J X Gong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Y M Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Hobbs M, Jahan M, Ghorashi SA, Wang B. Current Perspective of Sialylated Milk Oligosaccharides in Mammalian Milk: Implications for Brain and Gut Health of Newborns. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020473. [PMID: 33669968 PMCID: PMC7924844 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the third most abundant solid component after lactose and lipids of breast milk. All mammal milk contains soluble oligosaccharides, including neutral milk oligosaccharides (NMOs) without sialic acid (Sia) moieties and acidic oligosaccharides or sialylated milk oligosaccharides (SMOs) with Sia residues at the end of sugar chains. The structural, biological diversity, and concentration of milk oligosaccharides in mammalian milk are significantly different among species. HMOs have multiple health benefits for newborns, including development of immune system, modification of the intestinal microbiota, anti-adhesive effect against pathogens, and brain development. Most infant formulas lack oligosaccharides which resemble HMOs. Formula-fed infants perform poorly across physical and psychological wellbeing measures and suffer health disadvantages compared to breast-fed infants due to the differences in the nutritional composition of breast milk and infant formula. Of these milk oligosaccharides, SMOs are coming to the forefront of research due to the beneficial nature of Sia. This review aims to critically discuss the current state of knowledge of the biology and role of SMOs in human milk, infant formula milks, and milk from several other species on gut and brain health of human and animal offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalyn Hobbs
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (M.H.); (M.J.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Marefa Jahan
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (M.H.); (M.J.); (S.A.G.)
- School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Seyed A. Ghorashi
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (M.H.); (M.J.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Bing Wang
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (M.H.); (M.J.); (S.A.G.)
- School of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-6933-4549
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Carr LE, Virmani MD, Rosa F, Munblit D, Matazel KS, Elolimy AA, Yeruva L. Role of Human Milk Bioactives on Infants' Gut and Immune Health. Front Immunol 2021; 12:604080. [PMID: 33643310 PMCID: PMC7909314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.604080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Exclusive human milk feeding of the newborn is recommended during the first 6 months of life to promote optimal health outcomes during early life and beyond. Human milk contains a variety of bioactive factors such as hormones, cytokines, leukocytes, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, stem cells, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), microbiota, and microRNAs. Recent findings highlighted the potential importance of adding HMOs into infant formula for their roles in enhancing host defense mechanisms in neonates. Therefore, understanding the roles of human milk bioactive factors on immune function is critical to build the scientific evidence base around breastfeeding recommendations, and to enhance positive health outcomes in formula fed infants through modifications to formulas. However, there are still knowledge gaps concerning the roles of different milk components, the interactions between the different components, and the mechanisms behind health outcomes are poorly understood. This review aims to show the current knowledge about HMOs, milk microbiota, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and milk microRNAs (miRNAs) and how these could have similar mechanisms of regulating gut and microbiota function. It will also highlight the knowledge gaps for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Carr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Misty D. Virmani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Fernanda Rosa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Daniel Munblit
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child's Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ahmed A. Elolimy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Laxmi Yeruva
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
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36
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Sunds AV, Bunyatratchata A, Robinson R, Glantz M, Paulsson M, Leskauskaite D, Pihlanto A, Inglingstad R, Devold TG, Vegarud GE, Birgisdottir BE, Gudjonsdottir M, Barile D, Larsen LB, Poulsen NA. Comparison of bovine milk oligosaccharides in native North European cattle breeds. Int Dairy J 2020; 114. [PMID: 33304057 DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Milk oligosaccharides are of high interest due to their bioactive properties. This study is the first to characterise milk oligosaccharides from native North European cattle breeds, as represented by 80 milk samples collected from eight native breeds originated from Norway (Norwegian Doela cattle and Norwegian Telemark cattle), Sweden (Swedish Mountain cattle), Denmark (Danish Red anno 1970), Iceland (Icelandic cattle), Lithuania (native Lithuanian Black and White) and Finland (Western Finncattle and Eastern Finncattle). Using high-performance liquid-chromatography chip/quadrupole time-of-flight mass-spectrometry, 18 unique monosaccharide compositions and a multitude of isomers were identified. No N-glycolylneuraminic acid was identified among these breeds. Western Finncattle milk was most abundant in neutral, acidic and fucosylated oligosaccharides. Further, Eastern Finncattle milk was significantly higher in acidic oligosaccharides and Icelandic cattle milk significantly higher in fucosylated oligosaccharides, compared to the mean. This study highlights specific native breeds of particular interest for future exploitation of milk oligosaccharides and breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vuholm Sunds
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Randall Robinson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Maria Glantz
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Marie Paulsson
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Daiva Leskauskaite
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania
| | | | - Ragnhild Inglingstad
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norway
| | - Tove G Devold
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norway
| | - Gerd E Vegarud
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norway
| | - Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Iceland
| | - Maria Gudjonsdottir
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Iceland
| | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Lotte Bach Larsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Nina Aagaard Poulsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Al-Khafaji AH, Jepsen SD, Christensen KR, Vigsnæs LK. The potential of human milk oligosaccharides to impact the microbiota-gut-brain axis through modulation of the gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Mank M, Hauner H, Heck AJR, Stahl B. Targeted LC-ESI-MS 2 characterization of human milk oligosaccharide diversity at 6 to 16 weeks post-partum reveals clear staging effects and distinctive milk groups. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6887-6907. [PMID: 32794008 PMCID: PMC7496073 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02819-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many molecular components in human milk (HM), such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), assist in the healthy development of infants. It has been hypothesized that the functional benefits of HM may be highly dependent on the abundance and individual fine structures of contained HMOs and that distinctive HM groups can be defined by their HMO profiles. However, the structural diversity and abundances of individual HMOs may also vary between milk donors and at different stages of lactations. Improvements in efficiency and selectivity of quantitative HMO analysis are essential to further expand our understanding about the impact of HMO variations on healthy early life development. Hence, we applied here a targeted, highly selective, and semi-quantitative LC-ESI-MS2 approach by analyzing 2 × 30 mature human milk samples collected at 6 and 16 weeks post-partum. The analytical approach covered the most abundant HMOs up to hexasaccharides and, for the first time, also assigned blood group A and B tetrasaccharides. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed and allowed for automatic grouping and assignment of human milk samples to four human milk groups which are related to the maternal Secretor (Se) and Lewis (Le) genotypes. We found that HMO diversity varied significantly between these four HM groups. Variations were driven by HMOs being either dependent or independent of maternal genetic Se and Le status. We found preliminary evidence for an additional HM subgroup within the Se- and Le-positive HM group I. Furthermore, the abundances of 6 distinct HMO structures (including 6'-SL and 3-FL) changed significantly with progression of lactation. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Mank
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Hans Hauner
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.,Nutritional Medicine Unit, Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences (ZIEL), Technische Universität München, Weihenstephaner Berg 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Proteomics Center, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Yue H, Han Y, Yin B, Cheng C, Liu L. Comparison of the antipathogenic effect toward Staphylococcus aureus of N-linked and free oligosaccharides derived from human, bovine, and goat milk. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2329-2339. [PMID: 32662089 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
N-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) derived from milk were recently found to be antipathogenic. This study compares the antimicrobial activity of N-linked glycans and free oligosaccharides from human, bovine, and goat milk against Staphylococcus aureus. Milk N-glycans showed a bactericidal/bacteriostatic effect on the pathogen when compared to free milk oligosaccharides, evidenced by the clear zone from the halo assay, with the order of human milk >goat milk >bovine milk. None of the free milk oligosaccharide samples were bactericidal/bacteriostatic, despite its positive results in growth curve and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays which are believed to be related to hyperosmosis. Both N-glycans and free milk oligosaccharides can reduce the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to Caco-2 cells, however, N-glycans worked significantly more effective than free milk oligosaccharides. Structural analysis of all free oligosaccharide and N-glycan samples showed the obvious interspecies differences, and the structure/function relationship of the respected N-glycans is of interest for future study. The significant bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity possessed by human, bovine, and goat milk N-linked glycans holds great potential as a novel substitute for antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Yue
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binru Yin
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production, Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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40
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Deng J, Lv X, Li J, Du G, Chen J, Liu L. Recent advances and challenges in microbial production of human milk oligosaccharides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43393-020-00004-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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41
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Bondue P, Milani C, Arnould E, Ventura M, Daube G, LaPointe G, Delcenserie V. Bifidobacterium mongoliense genome seems particularly adapted to milk oligosaccharide digestion leading to production of antivirulent metabolites. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:111. [PMID: 32380943 PMCID: PMC7206731 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) could promote the growth of bifidobacteria, improving young children's health. In addition, fermentation of carbohydrates by bifidobacteria can result in the production of metabolites presenting an antivirulent activity against intestinal pathogens. Bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO), structurally similar to HMO, are found at high concentration in cow whey. This is particularly observed for 3'-sialyllactose (3'SL). This study focused on enzymes and transport systems involved in HMO/BMO metabolism contained in B. crudilactis and B. mongoliense genomes, two species from bovine milk origin. The ability of B. mongoliense to grow in media supplemented with whey or 3'SL was assessed. Next, the effects of cell-free spent media (CFSM) were tested against the virulence expression of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. RESULTS Due to the presence of genes encoding β-galactosidases, β-hexosaminidases, α-sialidases and α-fucosidases, B. mongoliense presents a genome more sophisticated and more adapted to the digestion of BMO/HMO than B. crudilactis (which contains only β-galactosidases). In addition, HMO/BMO digestion involves genes encoding oligosaccharide transport systems found in B. mongoliense but not in B. crudilactis. B. mongoliense seemed able to grow on media supplemented with whey or 3'SL as main source of carbon (8.3 ± 1.0 and 6.7 ± 0.3 log cfu/mL, respectively). CFSM obtained from whey resulted in a significant under-expression of ler, fliC, luxS, stx1 and qseA genes (- 2.2, - 5.3, - 2.4, - 2.5 and - 4.8, respectively; P < 0.05) of E. coli O157:H7. CFSM from 3'SL resulted in a significant up-regulation of luxS (2.0; P < 0.05) gene and a down-regulation of fliC (- 5.0; P < 0.05) gene. CFSM obtained from whey resulted in significant up-regulations of sopD and hil genes (2.9 and 3.5, respectively; P < 0.05) of S. Typhimurium, while CFSM obtained from 3'SL fermentation down-regulated hil and sopD genes (- 2.7 and - 4.2, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION From enzymes and transporters highlighted in the genome of B. mongoliense and its potential ability to metabolise 3'SL and whey, B. mongoliense seems well able to digest HMO/BMO. The exact nature of the metabolites contained in CFSM has to be identified still. These results suggest that BMO associated with B. mongoliense could be an interesting synbiotic formulation to maintain or restore intestinal health of young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bondue
- Department of Food Science, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Emilie Arnould
- Department of Food Science, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Georges Daube
- Department of Food Science, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gisèle LaPointe
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Véronique Delcenserie
- Department of Food Science, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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Pimentel G, Burnand D, Münger LH, Pralong FP, Vionnet N, Portmann R, Vergères G. Identification of Milk and Cheese Intake Biomarkers in Healthy Adults Reveals High Interindividual Variability of Lewis System-Related Oligosaccharides. J Nutr 2020; 150:1058-1067. [PMID: 32133503 PMCID: PMC7198293 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) in blood and urine has shown great promise for assessing dietary intake and complementing traditional dietary assessment tools whose use is prone to misreporting. OBJECTIVE Untargeted LC-MS metabolomics was applied to identify candidate BFIs for assessing the intake of milk and cheese and to explore the metabolic response to the ingestion of these foods. METHODS A randomized controlled crossover study was conducted in healthy adults [5 women, 6 men; age: 23.6 ± 5.0 y; BMI (kg/m2): 22.1 ± 1.7]. After a single isocaloric intake of milk (600 mL), cheese (100 g), or soy-based drink (600 mL), serum and urine samples were collected postprandially up to 6 h and after fasting after 24 h. Untargeted metabolomics was conducted using LC-MS. Discriminant metabolites were selected in serum by multivariate statistical analysis, and their mass distribution and postprandial kinetics were compared. RESULTS Serum metabolites discriminant for cheese intake had a significantly lower mass distribution than metabolites characterizing milk intake (P = 4.1 × 10-4). Candidate BFIs for milk or cheese included saccharides, a hydroxy acid, amino acids, amino acid derivatives, and dipeptides. Two serum oligosaccharides, blood group H disaccharide (BGH) and Lewis A trisaccharide (LeA), specifically reflected milk intake but with high interindividual variability. The 2 oligosaccharides showed related but opposing trends: subjects showing an increase in either oligosaccharide did not show any increase in the other oligosaccharide. This result was confirmed in urine. CONCLUSIONS New candidate BFIs for milk or cheese could be identified in healthy adults, most of which were related to protein metabolism. The increase in serum of LeA and BGH after cow-milk intake in adults calls for further investigations considering the beneficial health effects on newborns of such oligosaccharides in maternal milk. The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02705560.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Pimentel
- Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education, and Research, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Burnand
- Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education, and Research, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Linda H Münger
- Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education, and Research, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - François P Pralong
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Vionnet
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Reto Portmann
- Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education, and Research, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Guy Vergères
- Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education, and Research, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland
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Metabolic Effects of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides on Selected Commensals of the Infant Microbiome-Commensalism and Postbiotic Effects. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10040167. [PMID: 32344519 PMCID: PMC7240951 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10040167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligosaccharides from human or bovine milk selectively stimulate growth or metabolism of bacteria associated with the lower gastrointestinal tract of infants. Results from complex infant-type co-cultures point toward a possible synergistic effect of combining bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) and lactose (LAC) on enhancing the metabolism of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum and inhibition of Clostridium perfringens. We examine the interaction between B. longum subsp. longum and the commensal Parabacteroides distasonis, by culturing them in mono- and co-culture with different carbohydrates available. To understand the interaction between BMO and lactose on B. longum subsp. longum and test the potential postbiotic effect on C. perfringens growth and/or metabolic activity, we inoculated C. perfringens into fresh media and compared the metabolic changes to C. perfringens in cell-free supernatant from B. longum subsp. longum fermented media. In co-culture, B. longum subsp. longum benefits from P. distasonis (commensalism), especially in a lactose-rich environment. Furthermore, B. longum subsp. longum fermentation of BMO + LAC impaired C. perfringens’ ability to utilize BMO as a carbon source (potential postbiotic effect).
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44
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Evaluation of 6'-Sialyllactose Sodium Salt Supplementation to Formula on Growth and Clinical Parameters in Neonatal Piglets. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041030. [PMID: 32283716 PMCID: PMC7230961 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligosaccharides are complex, non-digestible glycans found in large abundance in human milk. The abundance and the profile of bovine milk oligosaccharides and bovine milk based in infant formula differ from those in human milk. Recently, some human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been supplemented to infant formula, however, not all forms have been available in large scale. The objective of the study was to investigate the dose-dependent effects of an enzymatically-synthesized 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL) sodium salt supplemented to swine milk replacer on growth, hematological parameters, and organ microscopic assessment in our pre-clinical neonatal pig model. Two-day-old male and female pigs (n = 47) were provided one of four experimental diets for 21 days. Diets were formulated to contain 0 (CON), 300 (LOW), 600 (MOD), or 1200 (HIGH) mg/L of 6′-SL sodium salt. On days 8 and 22, samples were collected for hematological and histological analyses. Supplemental 6′-SL sodium salt at all doses supported growth and development comparable to those observed in control animals. In addition, serum chemistries, hematology, and organ microscopic structure were unaffected by 6′-SL (p > 0.05). Thus, addition of enzymatically-synthesized 6′-SL to a milk replacer formula supported growth and clinical outcomes similar to the control formula in the neonatal piglet.
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45
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Linking Human Milk Oligosaccharides, Infant Fecal Community Types, and Later Risk To Require Antibiotics. mBio 2020; 11:mBio.03196-19. [PMID: 32184252 PMCID: PMC7078481 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03196-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk is the sole and recommended nutrition for the newborn infant and contains one of the largest constituents of diverse oligosaccharides, dubbed human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Preclinical and clinical association studies indicate that HMOs have multiple physiological functions largely mediated through the establishment of the gut microbiome. Until recently, HMOs were not available to investigate their role in randomized controlled intervention trials. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the effects of 2 HMOs on establishing microbiota in newborn infants. We provide a detailed description of the microbiota changes observed upon feeding a formula with 2 HMOs in comparison to breastfed reference infants' microbiota. Then, we associate the microbiota to long-term health as assessed by prescribed antibiotic use. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) may provide health benefits to infants partly by shaping the development of the early-life intestinal microbiota. In a randomized double-blinded controlled multicentric clinical trial, healthy term infants received either infant formula (control) or the same formula with two HMOs (2′-fucosyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose; test) from enrollment (0 to 14 days) to 6 months. Then, all infants received the same follow-up formula without HMOs until 12 months of age. Breastfed infants (BF) served as a reference group. Stool microbiota at 3 and 12 months, analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, clustered into seven fecal community types (FCTs) with marked differences in total microbial abundances. Three of the four 12-month FCTs were likely precursors of the adult enterotypes. At 3 months, microbiota composition in the test group (n = 58) appeared closer to that of BF (n = 35) than control (n = 63) by microbiota alpha (within group) and beta (between groups) diversity analyses and distribution of FCTs. While bifidobacteriaceae dominated two FCTs, its abundance was significantly higher in one (FCT BiH for Bifidobacteriaceae at high abundance) than in the other (FCT Bi for Bifidobacteriaceae). HMO supplementation increased the number of infants with FCT BiH (predominant in BF) at the expense of FCT Bi (predominant in control). We explored the association of the FCTs with reported morbidities and medication use up to 12 months. Formula-fed infants with FCT BiH at 3 months were significantly less likely to require antibiotics during the first year than those with FCT Bi. Previously reported lower rates of infection-related medication use with HMOs may therefore be linked to gut microbiota community types. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration number NCT01715246.)
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Xu G, Goonatilleke E, Wongkham S, Lebrilla CB. Deep Structural Analysis and Quantitation of O-Linked Glycans on Cell Membrane Reveal High Abundances and Distinct Glycomic Profiles Associated with Cell Type and Stages of Differentiation. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3758-3768. [PMID: 32039582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteins on cell membrane are modified by N- and O-glycans. N-Glycans have been extensively characterized using advanced separation and mass spectrometry techniques. However, O-glycans remain a challenge, because of the lack of universal enzymes to release them and the large background abundances of N-glycans. Here, we report a method for in-depth structural analysis and quantitation of O-glycans derived from human cell membrane. O-Glycans were chemically released from isolated cell membrane glycoproteins following N-glycan and lipid/glycolipid removal by PNGase F digestion and Folch extraction, respectively. Released O-glycans were purified by an optimized protocol to eliminate interference from small molecules and degraded proteins. Cell surface O-glycans were then analyzed using a nanoLC-chip-QTOF mass spectrometer with a porous graphitized carbon (PGC) column, while the N-glycans and glycolipids isolated from the same cell membrane fractions were analyzed in parallel using previously reported methods. The monosaccharide compositions and linkages of the detected O-glycans were identified by exoglycosidase digestion facilitated with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Using this method, we identified 44 cell membrane O-glycan isomers with MS/MS, and, among them, we unambiguously characterized 25 O-glycan structures with exoglycosidase digestion to create a library with their complete structures, accurate masses, and retention times. In this process, we identified and characterized unexpected mannose oligomers that are α(1-2/3) linked. This library enabled the identification and quantification of unique cell surface O-glycans from different cell lines and the study of specific O-glycan changes during cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Elisha Goonatilleke
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Quinn EM, Joshi L, Hickey RM. Symposium review: Dairy-derived oligosaccharides-Their influence on host-microbe interactions in the gastrointestinal tract of infants. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:3816-3827. [PMID: 32089300 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides are the third most abundant component in human milk. It is widely accepted that they play several important protective, physiological, and biological roles, including selective growth stimulation of beneficial gut microbiota, inhibition of pathogen adhesion, and immune modulation. However, until recently, very few commercial products on the market have capitalized on these functions. This is mainly because the quantities of human milk oligosaccharides required for clinical trials have been unavailable. Recently, clinical studies have tested the potential beneficial effects of feeding infants formula containing 2'-fucosyllactose, which is the most abundant oligosaccharide in human milk. These studies have opened this field for further well-designed studies, which are required to fully understand the role of human milk oligosaccharides. However, one of the most striking features of human milk is its diversity of oligosaccharides, with over 200 identified to date. It may be that a mixture of oligosaccharides is even more beneficial to infants than a single structure. For this reason, the milk of domestic animals has become a focal point in recent years as an alternative source of complex oligosaccharides with associated biological activity. This review will focus specifically on free oligosaccharides found in bovine and caprine milk and the biological roles associated with such structures. These dairy streams are ideal sources of oligosaccharides, given their wide availability and use in so many regularly consumed dairy products. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of research into the functional role of bovine and caprine milk oligosaccharides in host-microbial interactions in the gut and provide current knowledge related to the isolation of oligosaccharides as ingredients for incorporation in functional or medical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinn M Quinn
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland; Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Lokesh Joshi
- Advanced Glycoscience Research Cluster, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Rita M Hickey
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland.
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Lu J, Zhang Y, Song B, Zhang S, Pang X, Sari RN, Liu L, Wang J, Lv J. Comparative analysis of oligosaccharides in Guanzhong and Saanen goat milk by using LC-MS/MS. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 235:115965. [PMID: 32122499 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides play an important role in promoting healthy growth of infants. Goat milk was one of the alternative sources for producing oligosaccharides. An in-depth understanding the composition and the quantity of oligosaccharides in goat milk was needed for its better utilization. In the present study, oligosaccharides were identified and quantified by using UPLC-MS/MS. The elution condition of UPLC was optimized leading to successful identification of 64 oligosaccharides in goat milk. Furthermore, the method to absolutely quantify 6 oligosaccharides in goat milk had been developed. The oligosaccharides in Guanzhong, local breed in China and Saanen goat milk, were compared by using this method. Five oligosaccharides were significantly different between two breeds. The amount of 6'-sialyllactose was 3.3 times higher in Guanzhong goat milk than that in Saanen goat milk. Guanzhong goat milk could be a potential good source for producing sialylated oligosaccharides, especially 6'-sialyllactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyang Pang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ratna Nurmalita Sari
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junhui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Jiaping Lv
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Food Processing and Quality Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Fischer-Tlustos AJ, Hertogs K, van Niekerk JK, Nagorske M, Haines DM, Steele MA. Oligosaccharide concentrations in colostrum, transition milk, and mature milk of primi- and multiparous Holstein cows during the first week of lactation. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:3683-3695. [PMID: 32037163 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the oligosaccharide (OS) profile of colostrum and transition milk from primiparous (Pp, n = 10) and multiparous (Mp, n = 10) Holstein cows. The experiment was conducted on a commercial dairy farm, where cows were assigned to the study at calving. Colostrum (milking 1) was collected at 5.3 ± 0.7 h after parturition, followed by collection of milkings 2 through 6, milkings 8, 10, 12, and 14 at 0500 and 1600 h each day. Samples were analyzed for OS concentrations using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and for IgG and milk components. Concentration of IgG was highest in colostrum and milking 2. Colostral IgG concentration was less in Pp cows than in Mp cows (82.1 ± 3.1 vs. 106.1 ± 16.2 mg/mL). Colostrum and milkings 2 and 3 had 3'-sialyllactose and 6'-sialyllactose concentrations greater than those of mature milk (milkings 8+). For colostrum and milking 2, 6'-sialyllactosamine concentrations were higher than all other milkings, while disialyllactose was only higher in colostrum. In addition, 3'-sialyllactose was the most abundant OS in colostrum and milkings 2 and 3 compared with all other OS. A parity difference was observed for 6'-sialyllactosamine, with Mp having a higher concentration over the first 7 d in milk than Pp (46.4 ± 8.7 vs. 16.9 ± 3.2 μg/mL). Similar results were observed between milkings for OS yields. Parity differences were detected for 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, and 6'-sialyllactosamine yield, with Mp yield being greater than Pp over the first 7 d in milk. These findings demonstrate that colostrum and transition milk contain elevated concentrations of certain OS compared with mature milk and suggest further research should be conducted regarding the potential benefits of OS in colostrum and transition milk when fed to newborn calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Fischer-Tlustos
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 1Y2
| | - K Hertogs
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Science, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708, the Netherlands
| | - J K van Niekerk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - M Nagorske
- The Saskatoon Colostrum Company Ltd., Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7K 6A2
| | - D M Haines
- The Saskatoon Colostrum Company Ltd., Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7K 6A2; Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5B4
| | - M A Steele
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Animal Science and Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 1Y2; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2P5.
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Huang X, Zhu B, Jiang T, Yang C, Qiao W, Hou J, Han Y, Xiao H, Chen L. Improved Simple Sample Pretreatment Method for Quantitation of Major Human Milk Oligosaccharides Using Ultrahigh Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12237-12244. [PMID: 31560847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) maintain and promote infant health. Most of the current methods for HMOs quantitation require labor-intensive and time-consuming steps for sample preparation. This study presents two very simple and easy-to-operate pretreatment methods, requiring either ultrafiltration or centrifugation to separate free oligosaccharides from whole fat human milk and other milk matrix before oligosaccharides labeling for quantifying HMOs using ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. A single chromatography run quantified 15 sialylated and neutral HMOs with high sensitivity (with an LOD less than 8 pg for all HMOs tested: about 1 pg for 2'-fucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, 4'-galactosyllactose, 3'-galactosyllactose, and 6'-galactosyllactose) and good linearity with coefficient of correlation above 0.999. Accuracy and precision were satisfactory for both pretreatment methods. Overall, the centrifugation pretreatment was efficient and reliable for samples with high levels of oligosaccharides, and the ultrafiltration pretreatment was especially suitable for samples with low oligosaccharide abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunwen Huang
- National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
- Institute of Microbiology , China Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , P. R. China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Institute of Microbiology , China Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , P. R. China
| | - Tiemin Jiang
- National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
| | - Chunying Yang
- National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
| | - Weicang Qiao
- National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
| | - Juncai Hou
- College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin 150030 , P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Han
- Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 010003 , United States
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 010003 , United States
| | - Lijun Chen
- National Engineering Center of Dairy for Maternal and Child Health , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy , Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co. Ltd. , Beijing 100163 , P. R. China
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