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Chen L, Taniguchi H, Bagnicka E. Microproteomic-Based Analysis of the Goat Milk Protein Synthesis Network and Casein Production Evaluation. Foods 2024; 13:619. [PMID: 38397596 PMCID: PMC10887518 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Goat milk has been consumed by humans since ancient times and is highly nutritious. Its quality is mainly determined by its casein content. Milk protein synthesis is controlled by a complex network with many signal pathways. Therefore, the aim of our study is to clearly depict the signal pathways involved in milk protein synthesis in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) using state-of-the-art microproteomic techniques and to identify the key genes involved in the signal pathway. The microproteomic analysis identified more than 2253 proteins, with 323 pathways annotated from the identified proteins. Knockdown of IRS1 expression significantly influenced goat casein composition (α, β, and κ); therefore, this study also examined the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) gene more closely. A total of 12 differential expression proteins (DEPs) were characterized as upregulated or downregulated in the IRS1-silenced sample compared to the negative control. The enrichment and signal pathways of these DEPs in GMECs were identified using GO annotation and KEGG, as well as KOG analysis. Our findings expand our understanding of the functional genes involved in milk protein synthesis in goats, paving the way for new approaches for modifying casein content for the dairy goat industry and milk product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland;
- African Genome Center, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Emilia Bagnicka
- Department of Biotechnology and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland
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Zhou A, Liu G, Jiang X. Characteristic of the components and the metabolism mechanism of goat colostrum: a review. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4135-4146. [PMID: 37039778 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2199500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Colostrum contains large number of nutrients that promote the growth, differentiation, and biological functions for goat kids early somatic cells, which is crucial to meet the nutritional demands, immune function, and the health of goat kids later growth. Great attention has been given not only to nutritional ingredient differences between colostrum and normal milk, but also to function differences, and their effect on the physical and sensory properties of goat kid's growth performance and health status. This paper reviews the research progress of goat colostrum in recent years, mainly including the colostrum yield, components, i.e., proteins, lactose, and immunoglobulin, as well as the influence factor, i.e., number of lactation and littler size, nutrition during the gestation, and breeding environment. In addition, this review aims to summarize the synthesis and secretion mechanisms, and the digestion and absorption mechanism of goat colostrum. We conclude that even though the composition and physicochemical properties of goat colostrum are highly dynamic and variable, and the digestion and absorption mechanism has not been made fully clear until now, direct feed microbial (DFM) may be a promising alternative for improving the quality of colostrum that should be further explored for their practical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Sheep and Goat Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guiqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Sheep and Goat Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xunping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Sheep and Goat Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
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3
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Araújo A, Barbosa C, Alves MR, Romão A, Fernandes P. Implications of Pulsed Electric Field Pre-Treatment on Goat Milk Pasteurization. Foods 2023; 12:3913. [PMID: 37959032 PMCID: PMC10649232 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Goat milk is an interesting product from a nutritional and health standpoint, although its physico-chemical composition presents some technological challenges, mainly for being less stable than cow's milk at high temperatures. As pasteurization and ultra-high temperature processing are universally employed to ensure milk quality and safety, non-thermal methods, such as pulsed electric fields (PEFs), reduce the microbial load and eliminate pathogens, representing an interesting alternative for processing this product. This study demonstrates how the combined use of a PEF with short thermal processing and moderate temperature can be effective and energy-efficient in goat milk processing. A combination of thermal treatment at 63 °C after a low-intensity PEF (50 µs pulses, 3 Hz, and 10 kV·cm-1) caused the same reduction effect on the population of Listeria monocytogenes (goat's raw milk artificially spiked), as compared to a thermal treatment at 72 °C without a PEF. However, z values are significantly higher when PEF is used as a pre-treatment, suggesting that it may induce heat resistance in the survival population of L. monocytogenes. The sensitivity of L. monocytogenes to high temperatures is less pronounced in goat's milk than cow's milk, with a more pronounced impact of a PEF on lethality when combined with lower temperatures in goat's milk. The effect of a PEF on Escherichia coli viability was even more pronounced. It was also observed that thermal treatment energy needs with a PEF as a pre-treatment can be reduced by at least 50% of the total energy requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberta Araújo
- CISAS, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (A.A.); (M.R.A.); (P.F.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carla Barbosa
- CISAS, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (A.A.); (M.R.A.); (P.F.)
- LAQV-Requimte, Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry—Network of Chemistry and Technology, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Rui Alves
- CISAS, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (A.A.); (M.R.A.); (P.F.)
| | - Alexandre Romão
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal;
| | - Paulo Fernandes
- CISAS, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (A.A.); (M.R.A.); (P.F.)
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Lajnaf R, Feki S, Ben Ameur S, Attia H, Kammoun T, Ayadi MA, Masmoudi H. Recent advances in selective allergies to mammalian milk proteins not associated with Cow's Milk Proteins Allergy. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 178:113929. [PMID: 37406758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Cow's milk proteins allergy (CMA) is an atypical immune system response to cow's milk and dairy products. It's one of the most common food allergies in children affecting 8% of the total pediatric population pediatric population. This comprehensive review examines recent studies in CMA, especially regarding mammalian milk allergies such as goat's, sheep's, buffalo's, camel's, mare's and donkey's milk allergies in order to increase awareness of these selective allergies and to reduce allergy risks for those who have them. The consumption of other mammalian milk types is not recommended because of the significant homology between milk proteins from cow, sheep, goat and buffalo resulting in clinical cross-reactivity. However, camel's, mare's or donkey's milk may be tolerated by some allergic patients. Selective mammalian milk allergies are unusual and rare disorders characterized by severe symptoms including angio-oedema, urticaria, respiratory manifestations and anaphylaxis. Based on the reported allergic cases, cheese products including Ricotta, Romano, Pecorino and Mozzarella, are considered as the most common source of allergens especially in goat's, sheep's and buffalo's milk allergies, while the major allergens in donkey's and mare's milk seems to be whey proteins including lysozyme, α-lactalbumin and β-lactogloblin due to the low casein/whey proteins ratio in equine's milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Lajnaf
- Alimentary Analysis Unit, National Engineering School of Sfax, BPW 3038, Sfax, Tunisia; Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia; Pediatric Department, Hédi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Sawsan Feki
- Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Salma Ben Ameur
- Pediatric Department, Hédi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Attia
- Alimentary Analysis Unit, National Engineering School of Sfax, BPW 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Thouraya Kammoun
- Pediatric Department, Hédi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali Ayadi
- Department of Food Technology, University of Liege-Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des Déportés, 2, Gembloux, B-5030, Belgium
| | - Hatem Masmoudi
- Immunology Department, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
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Huang S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Gai Z, Lei H, Shen X. A Rapid RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a Detection Method for Adulteration of Goat Milk Powder. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081569. [PMID: 37107364 PMCID: PMC10137891 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of the serious adulteration of goat milk, the rapid on-site detection of goat milk powder adulteration is needed. In this study, the CRISPR/Cas12a detection system combined with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) was employed to qualitatively detect the adulteration of goat milk powder with cattle-derived components. Specific primers and crRNA were designed and screened. After the optimization of RPA and the Cas system, the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a detection method was established. The detection can complete the rapid identification of cattle-derived components in 45 min, without the assistant of large equipment. The absolute detectability of the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay could reach 10-2 ng/μL for cattle genomic DNA, and 1% (w/w) for cattle milk powder, which is suitable to meet the testing requirements for on-site detection. In total, 55 commercial goat milk powder products were collected for blind testing. The results showed that 27.3% of the samples were adulterated with cattle ingredients, revealing a serious adulteration situation in goat milk powder market. The RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay established in this research exhibited its potential for practical use of on-site detection to detect cow milk powder in goat milk powder and can provide reliable technical reference for combating food fraud of adulteration of goat milk products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Guangzhou Editgene Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zuoqi Gai
- Guangzhou Editgene Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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6
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Mansor M, Al-Obaidi JR, Ismail IH, Abidin MAZ, Zakaria AF, Lau BYC, Mohsin AZ, Sukor R, Selamat J, Mahmud NK, Jambari NN. Cross-reactivity analysis of milk proteins from different goat breeds with cow's milk allergens using a proteomic approach. Mol Immunol 2023; 155:44-57. [PMID: 36696839 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Goat's milk thought to be a good substitute for cow's milk protein allergic (CMPA) individuals. However, there is growing evidence that their proteins have cross-reactivities with cow's milk allergens. This study aimed to profile and compare milk proteins from different goat breeds that have cross-reactivity to cow's milk allergens. METHODOLOGY Proteomics was used to compare protein extracts of skim milk from Saanen, Jamnapari, and Toggenburg. Cow's milk was used as a control. IgE-immunoblotting and mass spectrometry were used to compare and identify proteins that cross-reacted with serum IgE from CMPA patients (n = 10). RESULTS The analysis of IgE-reactive proteins revealed that the protein spots identified with high confidence were proteins homologous to common cow's milk allergens such as α-S1-casein (αS1-CN), β-casein (β-CN), κ-casein (κ-CN), and beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG). Jamnapari's milk proteins were found to cross-react with four major milk allergens: α-S1-CN, β-CN, κ-CN, and β-LG. Saanen goat's milk proteins, on the other hand, cross-reacted with two major milk allergens, α-S1-CN and β-LG, whereas Toggenburg goat's milk proteins only react with one of the major milk allergens, κ-CN. CONCLUSION These findings may help in the development of hypoallergenic goat milk through cross-breeding strategies of goat breeds with lower allergenic milk protein contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammeer Mansor
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jameel R Al-Obaidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim 35900, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Intan Hakimah Ismail
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Atiqah Farah Zakaria
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Benjamin Yii Chung Lau
- Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, #6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aliah Zannierah Mohsin
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rashidah Sukor
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Khaizura Mahmud
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nuzul Noorahya Jambari
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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7
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Goat milk as a natural source of bioactive compounds and strategies to enhance the amount of these beneficial components. Int Dairy J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2022.105515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Nutritional Profile, Processing and Potential Products: A Comparative Review of Goat Milk. DAIRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/dairy3030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat milk contains an abundance of different macro and micro-nutrients. Compared with other milk, goat milk is a viable option due to its low allergy levels and is preferred for infants with cow milk allergies. A wide variety of goat milk-based products, including yoghurt, ice cream, fermented milk, and cheese, are available on the market. They are produced using effective processing technology and are known to exhibit numerous health benefits after consumption. However, goat milk consumption is limited in many nations (compared with cow, buffalo, camel, and sheep milk) due to a lack of awareness of its nutritional composition and the significance of its different byproducts. This review provides a detailed explanation of the various macronutrients that may be present, with special attention paid to each component, its purpose, and the health benefits it offers. It also compares goat milk with milk from other species in terms of its superiority and nutritional content, as well as the types, production methods, health advantages, and other beneficial properties of the various goat milk products that are currently available on the market.
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Gomes JEG, da Silva Nascimento TCE, de Souza-Motta CM, Montalvo GSA, Boscolo M, Gomes E, Moreira KA, Pintado MM, da Silva R. Screening and application of fungal proteases for goat casein hydrolysis towards the development of bioactive hydrolysates. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Mohsin AZ, Sukor R, Selamat J, Meor Hussin AS, Ismail IH, Azri FA, Mustafa RR, Mansor M. Development of biotin-streptavidin amplified peptide antibody-based ELISA for quantification of αS1-casein in goat milk. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kawęcka A, Pasternak M. Nutritional and dietetic quality of milk and traditional cheese made from the milk of native breeds of sheep and goats. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2021.2020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kawęcka
- Department of Sheep and Goat Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Pasternak
- Department of Sheep and Goat Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Kraków, Poland
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12
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Zhou A, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Xiao L, Li T. Effects of lactation number and litter size on the chemical composition and immune components of goat colostrum. Anim Biotechnol 2021:1-11. [PMID: 34915819 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2013856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the number of lactations and litter size on the chemical composition, immunoglobulins, and cytokines of goat colostrum. The experiment was conducted at the Animal Research Base, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, from February to March 2021. After delivery, 48 colostrum samples were obtained every 24 h by manual milking from both udders. The contents of colostrum proteins, IgA, and IgM increased markedly up to 48 h postpartum, reaching 250 and 1250 μg/mL, respectively (p < 0.01 compared with 0 h). However, the total Ig and IgG contents dropped quickly at 48 h postpartum to around 4.5 and 6 mg/mL, respectively, and continued to do so until 96 h postpartum (p < 0.01). As for litter size, the colostrum DM, fat, total Ig, IgG, INF-γ, and IL-2 of twin-birth goats were higher than those of single-birth goats at 0 h postpartum. Moreover, the colostrum of multiparous goats contained higher total Ig, IgA, IgG, and INF-γ concentrations than that of primiparous goats at 0 h postpartum (p < 0.01). However, the colostrum INF-α and IL-5 contents of multiparous goats were lower than those of primiparous goats at 0 h postpartum (p < 0.05). Available information indicates that colostrum secretion takes place until 48 h postpartum and that the effect of litter size and lactation number on colostrum quality is observed at 0 h postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Zhou
- Institute of Livestock, Poultry and Fisheries, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Institute of Livestock, Poultry and Fisheries, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, China
| | - Yugang Zhou
- Institute of Livestock, Poultry and Fisheries, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Institute of Livestock, Poultry and Fisheries, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, China
| | - Tingjian Li
- Institute of Livestock, Poultry and Fisheries, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, China
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13
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Dhasmana S, Das S, Shrivastava S. Potential nutraceuticals from the casein fraction of goat's milk. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13982. [PMID: 34716606 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Goat is one of the major dairy and meat providers. In terms of structure, nutrient content, and medicinal properties, goat milk is somewhat different from other milk. The differences in composition are important in determining the technical suitability of goat milk and its products for health benefits. In recent years, there has been increasing attention to the identification and molecular composition of milk proteins and the interest in caprine milk. Casein, which accounts for almost 80% of all the proteins, is the most significant protein found in goat milk. It is a pioneer in the field of nutraceutical formulation and drug production by using the goat mammary gland as a bioreactor. In goat milk, the most prevalent proteins are αS-casein, β-casein, and κ-casein. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of goat milk casein and also focus on recent findings on their medicinal importance that may be helpful for further research on dairy products with health beneficial properties for humans as a remarkable nutraceutical. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Goat milk casein is considered as a healthy nutrient as well as a therapeutic agent to control abnormal or disease conditions through some of its biologically active peptide residues. Casein fractions of goat milk have been shown to exhibit different biologic activities. Therefore, this study aims to observe the use of goat milk in various disorders and to know about the different products made from goat milk. It will be helpful in the field of medicine to be a new active constituent for the management of various disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Dhasmana
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Sanjita Das
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Shivani Shrivastava
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
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[Determination of 18 amino acids in three different kinds of milk powder by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with pre-column derivatization]. Se Pu 2021; 39:472-477. [PMID: 34227331 PMCID: PMC9404011 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2020.07008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
近年来羊奶粉和骆驼奶粉备受消费者青睐,它们具有潜在的低致敏性,因此成为牛乳不耐受人群尤其是婴幼儿的母乳替代品,其营养价值备受关注。牛奶粉、羊奶粉和骆驼奶粉中氨基酸含量的比较研究鲜有报道。利用酸水解得到游离氨基酸,选择6-氨基喹啉-N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺氨基甲酸酯(AQC)进行柱前衍生,超高效液相色谱分离并检测,外标法定量。18种氨基酸在各自线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)大于0.999;以3倍和10倍信噪比(S/N)确定方法的检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ),分别为1.3~2.5 (mg/100 g)和3.9~7.5 (mg/100 g)。方法验证采用奶粉标准参考物质SRM 1849a,测定值符合其含量范围,6次测定值的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.04%~3.65%。采用建立的方法分别对市售和网购的牛奶粉、羊奶粉和骆驼奶粉进行18种氨基酸成分和含量分析,旨在从氨基酸角度对这3种不同来源乳品进行对比。该方法快速,灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于不同基质乳粉中18种氨基酸成分和含量的确定。
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15
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Rysova L, Legarova V, Pacakova Z, Hanus O, Nemeckova I, Klimesova M, Havlik J. Detection of bovine milk adulteration in caprine milk with N-acetyl carbohydrate biomarkers by using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:9583-9595. [PMID: 34099301 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-20077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In a return to tradition, the popularity of caprine milk is on the rise. However, particularly in countries with developed dairy industries based on bovine milk, there is the risk of adulteration with bovine milk, which is a cheaper alternative. Thus, a rapid, robust, and simple method for the detection of bovine milk added to caprine milk is necessary, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy appears to provide a solution. A matrix of 115 pure and artificially adulterated pasteurized milk samples was prepared and used to discover biomarkers of bovine milk that are independent of chemical and biological variation caused by factors such as genetics, diet, or seasonality. Principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis of pure bovine milk and pure caprine milk revealed spectral features that were assigned to the resonances of 4 molecules. Of these, the peaks corresponding to protons in the N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine acetyl moieties showed significant applicability for our method. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the performance of the peak integrals as biomarkers of adulteration. This approach was able to distinguish caprine milk adulterated with 5% of bovine milk with 84.78% accuracy and with 10% of bovine milk an excellent 95.65% accuracy. This study demonstrates that N-acetyl carbohydrates could be used as biomarkers for the detection of bovine milk in caprine milk and could help in protecting caprine milk authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rysova
- Department of Food Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - V Legarova
- Department of Food Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Z Pacakova
- Department of Statistics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - O Hanus
- Dairy Research Institute Ltd., Ke Dvoru 12a, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - I Nemeckova
- Dairy Research Institute Ltd., Ke Dvoru 12a, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - M Klimesova
- Dairy Research Institute Ltd., Ke Dvoru 12a, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - J Havlik
- Department of Food Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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16
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Prosser CG. Compositional and functional characteristics of goat milk and relevance as a base for infant formula. J Food Sci 2021; 86:257-265. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin G Prosser
- Dairy Goat Co‐operative (N.Z.) Ltd. 18 Gallagher Drive Hamilton 3240 New Zealand
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17
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Mohsin AZ, Sukor R, Selamat J, Meor Hussin AS, Ismail IH, Jambari NN, Jonet A. A highly selective two-way purification method using liquid chromatography for isolating α S2-casein from goat milk of five different breeds. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1160:122380. [PMID: 32971369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The main challenges in the purification of αS2-casein are due to the low quantity in milk and high homology with other casein subunits, i.e., αS1-casein, β-casein, and κ-casein. To overcome these challenges, the aim of this study was to develop a two-step purification to isolate native αS2-casein in goat milk from five different breeds; British Alpine, Jamnapari, Saanen, Shami, and Toggenburg. The first step of the purification was executed by anion-exchange chromatography under optimal elution conditions followed by size exclusion chromatography. Tryptic peptides from in-gel digestion of purified αS2-casein were sequenced and analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS. From 1.05 g of whole casein, the highest yield of αS2-casein (6.7 mg/mL) was obtained from Jamnapari and the lowest yield (2.2 mg/mL) was from Saanen. A single band of pure αS2-casein was observed on SDS-PAGE for all breeds. The αS2-casein showed coverage percentage of amino acid sequence from 76.68 to 92.83%. The two-step purification process developed herein was successfully applied for isolating native αS2-casein from goat milk with high purity, which will allow for future in vitro studies to be conducted on this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliah Zannierah Mohsin
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rashidah Sukor
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Jinap Selamat
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anis Shobirin Meor Hussin
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Hakimah Ismail
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nuzul Noorahya Jambari
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anuar Jonet
- Department of Structural Biology and Biophysics, Malaysia Genome Institute, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
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18
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Sen C, Ray PR, Bhattacharyya M. A critical review on metabolomic analysis of milk and milk products. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakanta Sen
- Department of Dairy Chemistry West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences Mohanpur Nadia West Bengal 741252 India
| | - Pinaki Ranjan Ray
- Department of Dairy Chemistry West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences Mohanpur Nadia West Bengal 741252 India
| | - Mahasweta Bhattacharyya
- Department of Dairy Chemistry West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences Mohanpur Nadia West Bengal 741252 India
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19
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Song N, Chen Y, Luo J, Huang L, Tian H, Li C, Loor JJ. Negative regulation of αS1-casein (CSN1S1) improves β-casein content and reduces allergy potential in goat milk. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:9561-9572. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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20
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Pham AC, Peng KY, Salim M, Ramirez G, Hawley A, Clulow AJ, Boyd BJ. Correlating Digestion-Driven Self-Assembly in Milk and Infant Formulas with Changes in Lipid Composition. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3087-3098. [PMID: 32455340 PMCID: PMC7241073 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Lipids in mammalian
milks such as bovine milk and human breast
milk have been shown to self-assemble into various liquid crystalline
materials during digestion. In this study, the direct correlation
between the composition of the lipids from three types of mammalian
milk, three brands of infant formulas (IFs), and soy milk and the
liquid crystalline structures that form during their digestion was
investigated to link the material properties to the composition. The
self-assembly behavior was assessed using in vitro digestion coupled with in situ small-angle X-ray
scattering (SAXS). Lipid composition was determined during in vitro digestion using ex situ liquid
chromatography–mass spectrometry. All tested milks self-assembled
into ordered structures during digestion, with the majority of milks
displaying nonlamellar phases. Milks that released mostly long-chain
fatty acids (>95 mol % of the top 10 fatty acids released) with
more
than 47 mol % unsaturation predominantly formed a micellar cubic phase
during digestion. Other milks released relatively more medium-chain
fatty acids and medium-chain monoglycerides and produced a range of
ordered liquid crystalline structures including the micellar cubic
phase, the hexagonal phase, and the bicontinuous cubic phase. One
infant formula did not form liquid crystalline structures at all as
a consequence of differences in fatty acid distributions. The self-assembly
phenomenon provides a powerful discriminator between different classes
of nutrition and a roadmap for the design of human milklike systems
and is anticipated to have important implications for nutrient transport
and the delivery of bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Pham
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kang-Yu Peng
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Malinda Salim
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Gisela Ramirez
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Adrian Hawley
- SAXS/WAXS Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew J Clulow
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ben J Boyd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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21
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Borková M, Šulc M, Svitáková A, Novotná K, Smolová J, Peroutková J, Elich O. Goat yoghurt drinks with elevated α-linolenic acid content and enriched with yacon fiber. POTRAVINARSTVO 2019. [DOI: 10.5219/1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat milk and goat milk products are very valuable in human nutrition because of their favorable nutrient composition which can be further boosted by the addition of prebiotic fiber and probiotic bacteria. It has also been possible to change the fatty acid profile of goat milk through feed composition. The aim of this study was to increase the nutritional value of goat milk by producing a probiotic yoghurt drink made from milk with elevated omega-3 fatty acids and enriched with natural yacon prebiotics. Goat nutrition is one of the key factors how we can naturally increase omega-3 fatty acid content in goat milk. In our study, twenty four White Shorthair goats were divided into the control and experimental group which was supplemented with 55 mL of linseed oil per day for eight weeks to increase the monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid content in the milk. The yoghurt milk drinks were formulated from individual goat milk samples with added bifidobacteria and yacon prebiotics. Our results showed that goat feed supplementation with linseed oil indeed positively changed fatty acid profile of goat milk in which α-linolenic acid content increased while, at the same time, lauric, myristic and palmitic acid contents decreased. Also, yoghurt drinks enriched with yacon prebiotics have shown higher bifidobacteria counts compared to the control.
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22
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Rapid detection of cow milk adulteration/contamination in goat milk by a lateral flow colloidal gold immunoassay strip. J DAIRY RES 2019; 86:94-97. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022029919000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCurrent available methods to detect cow milk adulteration or accidental contamination of goat milk are both laborious and time consuming. The aim of this technical research communication was to develop a simple, rapid, specific and sensitive method for quantitative detection of cow milk in goat milk. A competitive lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strip was developed using a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) labeled with colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for specifically binding to cow milk casein. The detection limit of this rapid detection was 0.07% of cow milk in goat milk, providing equal specificity and higher sensitivity when compared with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These result suggest that the established rapid GNPs-LFIA strip could be used for monitoring cow milk adulteration/contamination of goat milk.
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23
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Verruck S, Dantas A, Prudencio ES. Functionality of the components from goat’s milk, recent advances for functional dairy products development and its implications on human health. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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24
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Clark S, Mora García MB. A 100-Year Review: Advances in goat milk research. J Dairy Sci 2018; 100:10026-10044. [PMID: 29153153 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the century of research chronicled between 1917 and 2017, dairy goats have gone from simply serving as surrogates to cows to serving as transgenic carriers of human enzymes. Goat milk has been an important part of human nutrition for millennia, in part because of the greater similarity of goat milk to human milk, softer curd formation, higher proportion of small milk fat globules, and different allergenic properties compared with cow milk; however, key nutritional deficiencies limit its suitability for infants. Great attention has been given not only to protein differences between goat and cow milk, but also to fat and enzyme differences, and their effect on the physical and sensory properties of goat milk and milk products. Physiological differences between the species necessitate different techniques for analysis of somatic cell counts, which are naturally higher in goat milk. The high value of goat milk throughout the world has generated a need for a variety of techniques to detect adulteration of goat milk products with cow milk. Advances in all of these areas have been largely documented in the Journal of Dairy Science (JDS), and this review summarizes such advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Clark
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames 50011-0152.
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25
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Quick vacuum drying of liquid samples prior to ATR-FTIR spectral collection improves the quantitative prediction: a case study of milk adulteration. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Criscione A, Cunsolo V, Tumino S, Di Francesco A, Bordonaro S, Muccilli V, Saletti R, Marletta D. Polymorphism at donkey β-lactoglobulin II locus: identification and characterization of a new genetic variant with a very low expression. Amino Acids 2018; 50:735-746. [PMID: 29572574 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, donkey milk had evidenced a renewed interest as a potential functional food and a breast milk substitute. In this light, the study of the protein composition assumes an important role. In particular, β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), which is considered as one of the main allergenic milk protein, in donkey species consists of two molecular forms, namely β-LG I and β-LG II. In the present research, a genetic analysis coupled with a proteomic approach showed the presence of a new allele, here named F, which is apparently associated with a null or a severely reduced expression of β-LG II protein. The new β-LG II F genetic variant shows a theoretical average mass (Mav) of 18,310.64 Da, a value practically corresponding with that of the variant D (∆mass < 0.07 Da), but differs from β-LG II D for two amino acid substitutions: Thr100 (variant F) → Ala100 (variant D) and Thr118 (variant F) → Met118 (variant D). Proteomic investigation of the whey protein fraction of an individual milk sample, homozygous FF at β-LG II locus, allowed to identify, as very minor component, the new β-LG II F genetic variant. By MS/MS analysis of enzymatic digests, the sequence of the β-LG II F was characterized, and the predicted genomic data confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Criscione
- Animal Production Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cunsolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Serena Tumino
- Animal Production Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Francesco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Bordonaro
- Animal Production Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Animal Production Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Saletti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Donata Marletta
- Animal Production Section, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123, Catania, Italy
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27
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Nutritional management of cow's milk allergy in children: An update. Arch Pediatr 2018; 25:236-243. [PMID: 29576253 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cow's milk is one of the most common foods responsible for allergic reactions in children. Cow's milk allergy (CMA) involves immunoglobulin E (IgE)- and non-IgE-mediated reactions, the latter being both variable and nonspecific. Guidelines thus emphasize the need for physicians to recognize the specific syndromes of CMA and to respect strict diagnostic modalities. Whatever the clinical pattern of CMA, the mainstay of treatment is the elimination from the diet of cow's milk proteins. The challenge is that both the disease and the elimination diet may result in insufficient height and weight gain and bone mineralization. If, during CMA, the mother is not able or willing to breastfeed, the child must be fed a formula adapted to CMA dietary management, during infancy and later, if the disease persists. This type of formula must be adequate in terms of allergic efficacy and nutritional safety. In older children, when CMA persists, the use of cow's milk baked or heated at a sufficient temperature, frequently tolerated by children with CMA, may help alleviate the stringency of the elimination diet. Guidance on the implementation of the elimination diet by qualified healthcare professionals is always necessary. This guidance should also include advice to ensure adequate bone growth, especially relating to calcium intake. Specific attention should be given to children presenting with several risk factors for weak bone mineral density, i.e., multiple food allergies, vitamin D deficiency, poor sun exposure, steroid use, or severe eczema. When CMA is outgrown, a prolonged elimination diet may negatively impact the quality of the diet over the long term.
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28
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Albenzio M, Santillo A, Ciliberti MG, Figliola L, Caroprese M, Polito AN, Messina G. Milk nutrition and childhood epilepsy: An ex vivo study on cytokines and oxidative stress in response to milk protein fractions. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:4842-4852. [PMID: 29573802 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We present a pilot study on the effects of milk protein fractions [αS1-casein (CN), αS2-CN, κ-CN, β-CN, and a mix of α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG)] from different animal species (bovine, ovine, and caprine) on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative status in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children with generalized epilepsy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained by density gradient from blood of 10 children with generalized epilepsy (5 males; mean age 33.6 ± 5.4 mo) and 10 controls (5 males; mean age 35.6 ± 6.8 mo). Children with epilepsy were grouped according to cytokine levels as follows: children with epilepsy having low levels of cytokines not different from those of control children (LL-EC); children with epilepsy having cytokine levels at least 5-fold higher (medium levels) than those of control children (ML-EC); and children with epilepsy having cytokine levels at least 10-fold higher (high levels) than those of control children (HL-EC). The production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10, IL-6, and IL-1β was studied in cultured PBMC incubated with αS1-CN, αS2-CN, κ-CN, β-CN, and a mix of α-LA and β-LG from bovine, caprine, and ovine milks. The levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) and catalase activity were assessed in cultured supernatant. In the HL-EC group, β-CN from small ruminant species (ovine and caprine) induced the highest levels of TNF-α, whereas PBMC incubated with αS2-CN from ovine milk and the mix of β-LG and α-LA from all tested milk species had the lowest levels of TNF-α. Within the HL-EC group, production of IL-1β was higher for bovine and ovine αS2-CN fractions and lower for caprine and ovine β-CN and κ-CN. In the HL-EC group, IL-6 was higher in cultured PBMC incubated with αS2-CN from bovine and ovine milk than from caprine milk. The cytokine IL-10 did not differ among milking species. The highest levels of ROS/RNS were found after incubation of PBMC with the β-CN fraction in bovine milk. Catalase activity was higher in PBMC cultured with β-CN isolated from bovine and caprine milk and with αS1-CN from ovine milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Albenzio
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
| | - A Santillo
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - M G Ciliberti
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - L Figliola
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - M Caroprese
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - A N Polito
- Complex Structure of Neuropsychiatry Childhood-Adolescence of Ospedali Riuniti of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - G Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy
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29
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Albenzio M, Santillo A, Caroprese M, Della Malva A, Marino R. Bioactive Peptides in Animal Food Products. Foods 2017; 6:E35. [PMID: 28486398 PMCID: PMC5447911 DOI: 10.3390/foods6050035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins of animal origin represent physiologically active components in the human diet; they exert a direct action or constitute a substrate for enzymatic hydrolysis upon food processing and consumption. Bioactive peptides may descend from the hydrolysis by digestive enzymes, enzymes endogenous to raw food materials, and enzymes from microorganisms added during food processing. Milk proteins have different polymorphisms for each dairy species that influence the amount and the biochemical characteristics (e.g., amino acid chain, phosphorylation, and glycosylation) of the protein. Milk from other species alternative to cow has been exploited for their role in children with cow milk allergy and in some infant pathologies, such as epilepsy, by monitoring the immune status. Different mechanisms concur for bioactive peptides generation from meat and meat products, and their functionality and application as functional ingredients have proven effects on consumer health. Animal food proteins are currently the main source of a range of biologically-active peptides which have gained special interest because they may also influence numerous physiological responses in the organism. The addition of probiotics to animal food products represent a strategy for the increase of molecules with health and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Albenzio
- Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Antonella Santillo
- Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Caroprese
- Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Antonella Della Malva
- Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Marino
- Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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30
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Mastrangelo S, Tolone M, Montalbano M, Tortorici L, Di Gerlando R, Sardina MT, Portolano B. Population genetic structure and milk production traits in Girgentana goat breed. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an15431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the genetic status of the Girgentana goat, an endangered breed from Sicily (Italy), using microsatellite markers. Furthermore, as the main purpose of the Girgentana breed is milk production, quantitative milk traits were investigated, including fatty acid profile. Molecular data from CSN1S1, CSN2, CSN1S2, and CSN3 casein genes were also used to infer haplotypes. A total of 264 individuals were collected. Samples of Maltese (n = 41) and Derivata di Siria (n = 33) goat breeds were also used to understand the genetic relationship among breeds. Test-day records for milk production were collected to determine daily milk yield, fat, protein, casein, lactose, and somatic cell count. Individual milk samples were also collected for fatty acid extraction. Wright’s statistics, gene flow, Nei genetic distance, factorial correspondence analysis, and Bayesian assignment test showed the existence of genetic variability and differentiation among breeds. The AMOVA results indicated that 89.96% of the total variance was partitioned within populations. The Girgentana breed appears to have a subdivided population, and has not experienced a recent bottleneck. A high variability in milk yield was observed. Mean morning milk yield was 1448 ± 404 g, with 4.30 ± 0.87% and 3.72 ± 0.44% of fat and protein percentages, respectively. The average somatic cell count found in Girgentana goat milk was higher than the threshold of 1 500 000 cells/mL advised in Europe for fresh milk. Gross milk and fatty acid composition were similar to that reported in the literature for other local goat breeds.
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Ke X, Zhang J, Lai S, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Mo W, Ren Y. Quantitative analysis of cow whole milk and whey powder adulteration percentage in goat and sheep milk products by isotopic dilution-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:213-224. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Caboni P, Murgia A, Porcu A, Demuru M, Pulina G, Nudda A. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics of goat milk with different polymorphism at the αS1-casein genotype locus. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:6046-6051. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Cieslak J, Pawlak P, Wodas L, Borowska A, Stachowiak A, Puppel K, Kuczynska B, Luczak M, Marczak L, Mackowski M. Characterization of equine CSN1S2 variants considering genetics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. J Dairy Sci 2015; 99:1277-1285. [PMID: 26709185 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Currently, research interest is increasing in horse milk composition and its effect on human health. Despite previously published studies describing the presence of intra- and interbreed variability of equine milk components, no investigations have focused on the genetic background of this variation. Among horse caseins and the genes encoding them, least is known about the structure and expression of the α-S2 casein gene, CSN1S2. Herein, based on direct sequencing of the equine CSN1S2 coding sequence, we describe the presence of 51-bp insertion-deletion (in/del) polymorphism, which significantly changes the protein sequence (lack or presence of 17-amino acid serine-rich peptide). Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the observed in/del polymorphism spanned exactly 2 exons; therefore, we hypothesized that we were observing different CSN1S2 splicing isoforms. However, further investigation indicated that the detected sequence variation was caused by a large (1.3-kb) deletion in the genomic DNA. We found that the polymorphic forms (A, longer; B, shorter; KP658381 and KP658382 GenBank records, respectively) were unevenly distributed among different horse breeds (the highest frequency of variant B was observed in coldblood horses and Haflingers). We propose that the analyzed polymorphism is associated with CSN1S2 expression level (the highest expression was recorded for individuals carrying the BB genotype), which was much more pronounced for milk CSN1S2 protein content than for relative transcript abundance (measured in milk somatic cells). Our results provide insight into the equine CSN1S2 structure and lay a foundation for further functional analyses regarding, for example, allergenicity or physiochemical properties of the observed CSN1S2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Cieslak
- Department of Horse Breeding, and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Piotr Pawlak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Lukasz Wodas
- Department of Horse Breeding, and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Borowska
- Department of Horse Breeding, and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Stachowiak
- Department of Horse Breeding, and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kamila Puppel
- Department of Animal Science, Cattle Breeding Division, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kuczynska
- Department of Animal Science, Cattle Breeding Division, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Luczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Lukasz Marczak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mackowski
- Department of Horse Breeding, and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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Ha M, Sabherwal M, Duncan E, Stevens S, Stockwell P, McConnell M, Bekhit AED, Carne A. In-Depth Characterization of Sheep (Ovis aries) Milk Whey Proteome and Comparison with Cow (Bos taurus). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139774. [PMID: 26447763 PMCID: PMC4598025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An in-depth proteomic study of sheep milk whey is reported and compared to the data available in the literature for the cow whey proteome. A combinatorial peptide ligand library kit (ProteoMiner) was used to normalize protein abundance in the sheep whey proteome followed by an in-gel digest of a 1D-PAGE display and an in-solution digestion followed by OFFGEL isoelectric focusing fractionation. The peptide fractions obtained were then analyzed by LC-MS/MS. This enabled identification of 669 proteins in sheep whey that, to our knowledge, is the largest inventory of sheep whey proteins identified to date. A comprehensive list of cow whey proteins currently available in the literature (783 proteins from unique genes) was assembled and compared to the sheep whey proteome data obtained in this study (606 proteins from unique genes). This comparison revealed that while the 233 proteins shared by the two species were significantly enriched for immune and inflammatory responses in gene ontology analysis, proteins only found in sheep whey in this study were identified that take part in both cellular development and immune responses, whereas proteins only found in cow whey in this study were identified to be associated with metabolism and cellular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Manya Sabherwal
- Department of Oral Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Elizabeth Duncan
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Genetics Otago & Gravida; National Centre for Growth and Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa-New Zealand
| | - Stewart Stevens
- Department of Biochemistry, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter Stockwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michelle McConnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Alan Carne
- Department of Biochemistry, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Rodrigues M, Soares M, Zacaro A, Silva M, Garcia O, Magalhães A. Differences in the defective alleles E and F for the locus CSN1S1 in goats affects the profile of milk caseins. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lisson M, Novak N, Erhardt G. Immunoglobulin E epitope mapping by microarray immunoassay reveals differences in immune response to genetic variants of caseins from different ruminant species. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:1939-54. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of bovine αS1- and αS2-casein variants gives rise to different IgE-binding epitopes. Int Dairy J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cornale P, Renna M, Lussiana C, Bigi D, Chessa S, Mimosi A. The Grey Goat of Lanzo Valleys (Fiurinà): Breed characteristics, genetic diversity, and quantitative-qualitative milk traits. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lisson M, Lochnit G, Erhardt G. Genetic variants of bovine β- and κ-casein result in different immunoglobulin E-binding epitopes after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:5532-43. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Albenzio M, Campanozzi A, D’Apolito M, Santillo A, Mantovani MP, Sevi A. Differences in protein fraction from goat and cow milk and their role on cytokine production in children with cow's milk protein allergy. Small Rumin Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rodríguez del Río P, Sánchez-García S, Escudero C, Pastor-Vargas C, Sánchez Hernández JJ, Pérez-Rangel I, Ibáñez MD. Allergy to goat's and sheep's milk in a population of cow's milk-allergic children treated with oral immunotherapy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2012; 23:128-32. [PMID: 22432882 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2012.01284.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cow's milk oral immunotherapy (CMOIT) is a recognized treatment for persistent cow's milk (CM) allergy. However, further data are necessary on tolerance to milk from other mammals. OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and immunologic features of goat's and sheep's milk (GSM) allergy in patients who tolerated CM after CMOIT. METHODS Fifty-eight CM-allergic patients who successfully underwent CMOIT in our department were evaluated using skin prick test (SPT), specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E determination, enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), and controlled oral challenge to assess allergy to GSM. Statistical analysis was carried out to identify markers of allergy to GSM. RESULTS Fifteen of 58 (25.9%) patients were allergic to either goat's or sheep's milk or to both, as confirmed by a controlled positive oral challenge. Forty-seven percent of all positive oral challenges were classified as anaphylactic reactions. Specific IgE to CM casein, goat's whole milk, and sheep's whole milk was 13.2, 18.0, and 21.4 kU(A)/l in the group of GSM-allergic patients and 6.6, 6.5, and 6.5 kU(A) /l in the GSM-non-allergic patients (p < 0.05). Decision-making cut-off points based on sIgE for diagnosing symptomatic GSM allergy could not be determined. ELISA inhibition assays showed limited cross-reactivity (up to 77.2%) between CM casein and GSM casein in the group of GSM-allergic patients in contrast with almost 100% in GSM-not-allergic patients. CONCLUSION We found a high prevalence (26%) of allergy to GSM in our population of CM-allergic children treated with oral immunotherapy. Therefore, tolerance to GSM should be assessed in order to provide accurate nutritional advice and minimize life-threatening accidental intake. Specific IgE to CM casein, goat's and sheep's whole milk is a good marker of this allergy. Although CM oral immunotherapy is a specific treatment for CM allergy, it may not be effective against allergy to the milk of other mammals.
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Scientific Opinion on the suitability of goat milk protein as a source of protein in infant formulae and in follow‐on formulae. EFSA J 2012. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Hodgkinson A, McDonald N, Kivits L, Hurford D, Fahey S, Prosser C. Allergic responses induced by goat milk αS1-casein in a murine model of gastrointestinal atopy. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:83-90. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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