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Xie W, Shi H, Zuo R, Zhou S, Ma N, Zhang H, Chang G, Shen X. Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Mitophagy and Inflammation via the DRP1-mtDNA-STING Pathway in Bovine Hepatocytes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2120-2134. [PMID: 38235560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is tightly associated with liver dysfunction and injury in dairy cows. Previous studies have shown that cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidative abilities. In this study, the bovine hepatocytes were pretreated with CLA for 6 h, followed by treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for another 6 h to investigate the antioxidative effect of CLA and uncover the underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that H2O2 treatment elevated the level of mitophagy, promoted mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage into the cytosol, and activated the stimulator of interferon genes (STING)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway to trigger an inflammatory response in bovine hepatocytes. In addition, the dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1)-mtDNA-STING-NF-κB axis contributed to the H2O2-induced oxidative injury of bovine hepatocytes. CLA could reduce mitophagy and the inflammatory response to attenuate oxidative damage via the DRP1/mtDNA/STING pathway in bovine hepatocytes. These findings offer a theoretical foundation for the hepatoprotective effect of CLA against oxidative injury in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Xie
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Shi
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Rankun Zuo
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Shendong Zhou
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Nana Ma
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhu Zhang
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Chang
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhen Shen
- Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
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Gross K, Santiago M, Krieger JM, Hagele AM, Zielinska K, Scheiman J, Jäger R, Kostic A, Kerksick CM. Impact of probiotic Veillonella atypica FB0054 supplementation on anaerobic capacity and lactate. iScience 2024; 27:108643. [PMID: 38222109 PMCID: PMC10784697 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Seven healthy, physically active men (n = 3) and women (n = 4) (30.7 ± 7.5 years, 172.7 ± 8.7 cm, 70.4 ± 11.6 kg, 23.6 ± 4.1 kg/m2, 49.2 ± 8.4 mL/kg/min) supplemented for 14 days with a placebo (PLA) or 1 × 1010 CFU doses of the probiotic Veillonella atypica FB0054 (FitBiomics, New York, NY). Participants had safety panels, hemodynamics, lactate, and anaerobic capacity assessed. Stool samples were collected to evaluate for metagenomic and metabolomic changes. Exhaustion times were not different between groups, whereas anaerobic capacity tended to shorten with PLA (61.14 ± 72.04 s; 95% CI: -5.49, 127.77 s, p = 0.066) with no change with VA (13.29 ± 100.13 s, 95% CI: -79.32, 105.89 s, p = 0.738). No changes in lactate, hemodynamics, or bacterial community changes were observed, whereas 14 metabolites exhibited differential expression patterns with VA supplementation. In conclusion, VA maintained exercise performance that tended to decline in PLA. Supplementation was well tolerated with no changes in safety markers or reported adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Gross
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Kinesiology Department, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA
| | | | - Joesi M. Krieger
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Kinesiology Department, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA
| | - Anthony M. Hagele
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Kinesiology Department, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA
| | - Kinga Zielinska
- FitBiomics, Inc, New York City, NY, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Alex Kostic
- FitBiomics, Inc, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Section on Pathophysiology and Molecular Pharmacology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chad M. Kerksick
- Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, Kinesiology Department, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO, USA
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Fang Z, Jiang X, Wang S, Tai W, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Yu H, Hao X, Chen M, Shao Q, Song Y, Lei L, Liu G, Du X, Li X. Nuciferine protects bovine hepatocytes against free fatty acid-induced oxidative damage by activating the transcription factor EB/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 alpha pathway. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:625-640. [PMID: 37709032 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Excessive free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation and related metabolism are the major cause of oxidative stress and liver injury in dairy cows during the early postpartum period. In nonruminants, activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) can improve cell damage and reduce the overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. As a downstream target of TFEB, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α, gene name PPARGC1A) is a critical regulator of oxidative metabolism. Nuciferine (Nuc), a major bioactive compound isolated from the lotus leaf, has been reported to possess hepatoprotective activity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether Nuc could protect bovine hepatocytes from FFA-induced lipotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms. A mixture of FFA was diluted in RPMI-1640 basic medium containing 2% low fatty acid bovine serum albumin to treat hepatocytes. Bovine hepatocytes were isolated from newborn calves and treated with various concentrations of FFA mixture (0, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 mM) or Nuc (0, 25, 50, or 100 μM), as well as co-treated with 1.2 mM FFA and different concentrations of Nuc. For the experiments of gene silencing, bovine hepatocytes were transfected with small interfering RNA targeted against TFEB or PPARGC1A for 36 h followed by treatment with 1.2 mM FFA for 12 h in presence or absence of 100 μΜ Nuc. The results revealed that FFA treatment decreased protein abundance of nuclear TFEB, cytosolic TFEB, total (t)-TFEB, lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and PGC-1α and mRNA abundance of LAMP1, but increased phosphorylated (p)-TFEB. In addition, FFA treatment increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and decreased the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in bovine hepatocytes. Moreover, FFA administration enhanced the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactose dehydrogenase (LDH) in the medium of FFA-treated hepatocytes, but reduced the content of urea. In FFA-treated bovine hepatocytes, Nuc administration increased TFEB nuclear localization and the protein abundance of t-TFEB, LAMP1, and PGC-1α and mRNA abundance of LAMP1, decreased the contents of MDA and H2O2 and the protein abundance of p-TFEB, and enhanced the activities of CAT and GSH-Px in a dose-dependent manner. Consistently, Nuc administration reduced the activities of ALT, AST, and LDH and increased the content of urea in the medium of FFA-treated hepatocytes. Importantly, knockdown of TFEB reduced the protein abundance of p-TFEB, t-TFEB, LAMP1, and PGC-1α and mRNA abundance of LAMP1, and impeded the beneficial effects of Nuc on FFA-induced oxidative damage in bovine hepatocytes. In addition, PPARGC1A silencing did not alter Nuc-induced nuclear translocation of TFEB, increase of the protein abundance of t-TFEB, LAMP1, and PGC-1α and mRNA abundance of LAMP1, or decrease of the protein abundance of p-TFEB, whereas it partially reduced the beneficial effects of Nuc on FFA-caused oxidative injury. Taken together, Nuc exerts protective effects against FFA-induced oxidative damage in bovine hepatocytes through activation of the TFEB/PGC-1α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiuhuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenjun Tai
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xue Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qi Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Qiao L, Dou X, Song X, Chang J, Yi H, Xu C. Targeting mitochondria with antioxidant nutrients for the prevention and treatment of postweaning diarrhea in piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:275-287. [PMID: 38033610 PMCID: PMC10685042 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets poses a significant challenge and presents a grave threat to the global swine industry, resulting in considerable financial losses and compromising the welfare of animals. PWD is commonly associated with gut homeostatic imbalance, including oxidative stress, excessive inflammation, and microbiota dysbiosis. Antibiotic use has historically been a common initiative to combat PWD, but concerns about the development of antibiotic resistance have led to increased interest in alternative strategies. Mitochondria are key players in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and their dysfunction is intricately linked to the onset and progression of PWD. Accumulating evidence suggests that targeting mitochondrial function using antioxidant nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals and polyphenolic compounds, may represent a promising approach for preventing and treating PWD. Moreover, nutrients based on antioxidant strategies have been shown to improve mitochondrial function, restore intestinal redox balance, and reduce oxidative damage, which is a key driver of PWD. The present review begins with an overview of the potential interplay between mitochondria and gut homeostasis in the pathogenesis of PWD in piglets. Subsequently, alternative strategies to prevent and treat PWD using antioxidant nutrients to target mitochondria are described and discussed. Ultimately, we delve into potential limitations and suggest future research directions in this field for further advancement. Overall, targeting mitochondria using antioxidant nutrients may be a promising approach to combat PWD and provides a potential nutrition intervention strategy for regulating gut homeostasis of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Xina Dou
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Xiaofan Song
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Jiajing Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Hongbo Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Chunlan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
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Buchanan E, Mahony C, Bam S, Jaffer M, Macleod S, Mangali A, van der Watt M, de Wet S, Theart R, Jacobs C, Loos B, O'Ryan C. Propionic acid induces alterations in mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in SH-SY5Y cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13248. [PMID: 37582965 PMCID: PMC10427685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Propionic acid (PPA) is used to study the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodevelopmental conditions like autism spectrum disorders. PPA is known to disrupt mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, and turnover. However, the effect of PPA on mitochondrial dynamics, fission, and fusion remains challenging to study due to the complex temporal nature of these mechanisms. Here, we use complementary quantitative visualization techniques to examine how PPA influences mitochondrial ultrastructure, morphology, and dynamics in neuronal-like SH-SY5Y cells. PPA (5 mM) induced a significant decrease in mitochondrial area (p < 0.01), Feret's diameter and perimeter (p < 0.05), and in area2 (p < 0.01). Mitochondrial event localiser analysis demonstrated a significant increase in fission and fusion events (p < 0.05) that preserved mitochondrial network integrity under stress. Moreover, mRNA expression of cMYC (p < 0.0001), NRF1 (p < 0.01), TFAM (p < 0.05), STOML2 (p < 0.0001), and OPA1 (p < 0.01) was significantly decreased. This illustrates a remodeling of mitochondrial morphology, biogenesis, and dynamics to preserve function under stress. Our data provide new insights into the influence of PPA on mitochondrial dynamics and highlight the utility of visualization techniques to study the complex regulatory mechanisms involved in the mitochondrial stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Buchanan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Caitlyn Mahony
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Sophia Bam
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Mohamed Jaffer
- Electron Microscope Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Sarah Macleod
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Asandile Mangali
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Mignon van der Watt
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Sholto de Wet
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Rensu Theart
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Caron Jacobs
- Department of Pathology, Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa and IDM Microscopy Platform, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Ben Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Colleen O'Ryan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
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Zhao C, Wu B, Li J, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Liu M, Chen L, Zhu Y, Gao W, Du X, Song Y, Liu G, Lei L, Li X. AdipoRon alleviates fatty acid-induced lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in bovine hepatocytes by promoting autophagy. J Dairy Sci 2023:S0022-0302(23)00295-3. [PMID: 37268562 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
During the transition period in dairy cows, high circulating concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) increase hepatic lipid deposits and are considered a major pathological factor for liver damage. We investigated whether AdipoRon, a synthetic small-molecule agonist of adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 shown to prevent liver lipid accumulation in nonruminants, could alleviate NEFA-induced lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Bovine hepatocytes were isolated from 5 healthy Holstein female newborn calves (1 d of age, 30-40 kg, fasting), and independently isolated hepatocytes from at least 3 different calves were used for each subsequent experiment. The composition and concentration of NEFA used in this study were selected according to hematological criteria of dairy cows with fatty liver or ketosis. First, hepatocytes were cultured with various concentrations of NEFA (0, 0.6, 1.2, or 2.4 mM) for 12 h. In a second experiment, hepatocytes were treated with AdipoRon at different concentrations (0, 5, 25, or 50 μM for 12 h) and times (25 μM for 0, 6, 12, or 24 h) with or without NEFA (1.2 mM) treatment. In the last experiment, hepatocytes were treated with AdipoRon (25 μM), NEFA (1.2 mM), or both for 12 h after treatment with or without the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. Hepatocytes treated with NEFA had increased protein abundance of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and mRNA abundance of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA), and decreased protein abundance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARA), proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 α (PGC-1α), mitofusin 2 (MFN2), cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX IV), and mRNA abundance of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), along with lower ATP concentrations. AdipoRon treatment reversed these effects, suggesting this compound had a positive effect on lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction during the NEFA challenge. In addition, upregulated expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II, encoded by MAP1LC3) and downregulated expression of sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1, also called p62) indicated that AdipoRon enhanced autophagic activity in hepatocytes. The fact that chloroquine impeded the beneficial effects of AdipoRon on lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction suggested a direct role for autophagy during NEFA challenge. Our results suggest that autophagy is an important cellular mechanism to prevent NEFA-induced lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in bovine hepatocytes, which is consistent with other studies. Overall, AdipoRon may represent a promising therapeutic agent to maintain hepatic lipid homeostasis and mitochondrial function in dairy cows during the transition period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Jinxia Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Menglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Linfang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yiwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Liu X, Wang Y, Li J, Wu B, Wang S, Guo Q, Liu Y. To study the protective effect of Huangqi Baihe Granules on Radiation brain injury based on network pharmacology and experiment. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116610. [PMID: 37150423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangqi baihe Granules (HQBHG), which is a key Chinese medical prescription, has a remarkable efficacy in oxidative stress and inflammation. Nevertheless, the therapeutic effect on Radiation brain injury (RBI) has rarely been studied. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to verify the effect of HQBHG against RBI and explore its potential mechanism. METHODS The potential targets and mechanisms of HQBHG against RBI were predicted by network pharmacology and verified by established rat model of RBI Firstly, the therapeutic effect of HQBHG in RBI was confirmed by water maze test, HE staining and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Secondly, the potential critical anti-RBI pathway of HQBHG was further explored by water maze, HE staining, immunofluorescence assays, ELISA and western blot. RESULTS A total of 43 HQBHG anti-RBI targets were obtained. Gene Ontology (Go) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional annotations showed that the treatment of HQBHG in RBI might be mainly related to oxidative stress, inflammation and PI3K/AKT pathway. Experimental studies have indicated that HQBHG can improve spatial learning and memory ability, alleviate pathological damage of brain tissue in RBI of rats. HQBHG also can down-regulate the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, ROS and MDA, meanwhile, GSH was significantly up-regulated. In addition, the HQBHG can increase the protein expression phosphorylations PI3K (p-PI3K), phosphorylations AKT(p-AKT) and Nrf2 in the brain tissue of RBI. CONCLUSION HQBHG may alleviated RBI by regulated oxidative stress and inflammatory response through PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhu Liu
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Yanru Wang
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Jiawei Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Bingbing Wu
- 940th Hospital of Chinese People 's Liberation Army Joint Support Force, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Siyu Wang
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Qingyang Guo
- 940th Hospital of Chinese People 's Liberation Army Joint Support Force, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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Zhang L, Cui X, Huang H. Identification of common pathway and hub genes in the degeneration of both annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus in intervertebral disc. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2023; 31:10225536231167705. [PMID: 36972403 DOI: 10.1177/10225536231167705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the common pathways and hub genes related to oxidative stress (OS) and autophagy of both annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) based on the data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. METHODS The Gene expression data for human intervertebral discs was obtained from the GEO database, including the AF and NP of both non-degenerated disc and degenerated disc. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the limma package in R language. DEGs related to OS and autophagy were obtained using Gene Ontology (GO) database. Analyses of the GO, signaling pathways, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and hub genes were performed using AnnotationDbi package, DAVID, GSEA, STRING database, and Cytoscape software, respectively. Finally, the online tool of NetworkAnalyst and the Drug Signatures database (DSigDB) were used to screen for transcriptional factors and potential drugs of the hub genes. RESULTS There were 908 genes associated with OS and autophagy found. A total of 52 DEGs were identified, included five upregulated and 47 downregulated genes. These DEGs were mainly involved in mTOR signaling pathway and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. The top 10 hub genes were CAT, GAPDH, PRDX1, PRDX4, TLR4, GPX7, GPX8, MSRA, RPTOR, GABARAPL1. Besides, FOXC1, PPARG, RUNX2, JUN, and YY1 were identified as the key regulatory factors of hub genes. L-cysteine, oleanolic acid, and berberine were potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of IDD. CONCLUSIONS Common hub genes, signaling pathways, transcription factors, and potential drugs associated with OS and autophagy were identified, which provides significant basis for further mechanism research and drug screening of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haohan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 639328Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
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Filippone A, Casili G, Scuderi SA, Mannino D, Lanza M, Campolo M, Paterniti I, Capra AP, Colarossi C, Bonasera A, Lombardo SP, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E. Sodium Propionate Contributes to Tumor Cell Growth Inhibition through PPAR-γ Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010217. [PMID: 36612214 PMCID: PMC9818202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic approaches are needed to improve the outcome of patients with glioblastoma (GBM). Propionate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), has a potent antiproliferative effect on various tumor cell types. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligands possess anticancer properties. We aimed to investigate the PPAR-γ/SCFAs interaction in in vitro and in vivo models of GBM. The U87 cell line was used in the in vitro study and was treated with sodium propionate (SP). U87 cells were silenced by using PPAR-γ siRNA or Ctr siRNA. In the in vivo study, BALB/c nude mice were inoculated in the right flank with 3 × 106 U-87 cells. SP (doses of 30 and 100 mg/kg) and GW9662 (1 mg/kg) were administered. In vitro exposure of GBM to SP resulted in prominent apoptosis activation while the autophagy pathway was promoted by SP treatments by influencing autophagy-related proteins. Knockdown of PPAR-γ sensitized GBM cells and blocked the SP effect. In vivo, SP was able to decrease tumor growth and to resolve GBM tissue features. SP promoted apoptosis and autophagy pathways and tumor cell proliferation leading to cell cycle arrest through a PPAR-γ-dependent mechanism suggesting that the PPAR-γ/SCFAs axis could be targeted for the management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Filippone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Deborah Mannino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Colarossi
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo, 7-95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bonasera
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Via Penninazzo, 7-95029 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D׳Alcontres, 31-98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-6765208
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Health Benefits and Side Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182863. [PMID: 36140990 PMCID: PMC9498509 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and their metabolites could play an important role in health and diseases of human beings. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are mainly produced by gut microbiome fermentation of dietary fiber and could also be produced by bacteria of the skin and vagina. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are three major SCFAs, and their bioactivities have been widely studied. The SCFAs have many health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. This paper summarizes health benefits and side effects of SCFAs with a special attention paid to the mechanisms of action. This paper provides better support for people eating dietary fiber as well as ways for dietary fiber to be developed into functional food to prevent diseases.
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Fang Z, Liu G, Zhu M, Wang S, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Yu H, Hao X, Chen M, Gao W, Lei L, Song Y, Wang Z, Du X, Li X. Low abundance of mitophagy markers is associated with reactive oxygen species overproduction in cows with fatty liver and causes reactive oxygen species overproduction and lipid accumulation in calf hepatocytes. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:7829-7841. [PMID: 35863923 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main site of fatty acid oxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria induce oxidative stress and increase the risk of lipid accumulation. During the process of mitophagy, PTEN induced kinase 1 (PINK1) accumulates on damaged mitochondria and recruits cytoplasmic Parkin to mitochondria. As an autophagy receptor protein, sequestosome-1 (p62) binds Parkin-ubiquitinated outer mitochondrial membrane proteins and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) to facilitate degradation of damaged mitochondria. In nonruminants, clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria through the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway contributes to reducing ROS production and maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Whether PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy plays a similar role in dairy cow liver is not well known. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate mitophagy status in dairy cows with fatty liver and its role in free fatty acid (FFA)-induced oxidative stress and lipid accumulation. Liver and blood samples were collected from healthy dairy cows (n = 10) and cows with fatty liver (n = 10) that had a similar number of lactations (median = 3, range = 2 to 4) and days in milk (median = 6 d, range = 3 to 9 d). Calf hepatocytes were isolated from 5 healthy newborn female Holstein calves (1 d of age, 30-40 kg). Hepatocytes were transfected with small interfering RNA targeted against PRKN for 48 h or transfected with PRKN overexpression plasmid for 36 h, followed by treatment with FFA (0.3 or 1.2 mM) for 12 h. Mitochondria were isolated from fresh liver tissue or calf hepatocytes. Serum concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate were higher in dairy cows with fatty liver. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were greater in cows with fatty liver. The lower protein abundance of PINK1, Parkin, p62, and LC3-II in hepatic mitochondrial fraction of dairy cows with fatty liver indicated the mitophagy was impaired. In hepatocytes, knockdown of PRKN decreased protein abundance of p62 and LC3-II in the mitochondrial fraction, and increased contents of triacylglycerol (TG), MDA, and H2O2. In addition, protein abundances of PINK1, Parkin, p62, and LC3-II were lower in the mitochondrial fraction from hepatocytes treated with 1.2 mM FFA than the hepatocytes treated with 0.3 mM FFA, whereas the content of TG, MDA, and H2O2 increased. In 1.2 mM FFA-treated hepatocytes, PRKN overexpression increased protein abundance of p62 and LC3-II in the mitochondrial fraction and decreased contents of TG, MDA, and H2O2. Together, our data demonstrate that low abundance of mitophagy markers is associated with ROS overproduction in dairy cows with fatty liver and impaired mitophagy induced by a high concentration of FFA promotes ROS production and lipid accumulation in female calf hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Mengyao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Shu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Juan J Loor
- Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Xue Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Wenwen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Lin Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
| | - Xinwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, China.
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