Chaurasiya PS, Lamsal DK, Khatri A, Parajuli A, Shrestha PR, Aryal L, Pokhrel S, Gurung S, Karki S, Khadka M. Prevalence of acute myeloid leukemia and its associated risk factors at a tertiary care center: a retrospective cross-sectional study.
Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023;
85:4794-4798. [PMID:
37811085 PMCID:
PMC10553139 DOI:
10.1097/ms9.0000000000001189]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignant disorder of the bone marrow, accounting for 23.1% of total leukemia cases globally in 2017. This study aimed to know the prevalence of AML in a tertiary hospital center in Nepal and assess the associated etiological factors in the causation of AML.
Materials and methods
A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with acute leukemia admitted to a tertiary care center in Kathmandu from 1 April 2021 to 30 April 2022. Three hundred and ten participants with acute leukemia were selected via a convenience sampling technique. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel 365 and then analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 22.0.
Results
One hundred and forty five (46.7%) out of 310 acute leukemia patients had AML. Most of the cases were male (104, 71.7%) and aged 40-49 years (36, 24.8%). The most common signs and symptoms were pallor (115, 79.3%), fever (n=92, 63.4%), and lethargy/weakness (78, 53.8%). Ninety one (62.8%) patients underwent multiple cycles of chemotherapy while 51 (35.2%) had supportive care only, and 3 (2.1%) went bone marrow transplants.
Conclusion
The prevalence of AML was higher as compared to AML in other studies done in a similar setting. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to a good prognosis and cure in most cases.
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