Effects of Arterial Stiffness on Cerebral WM Integrity in Older Adults: A Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging and Magnetization Transfer Saturation Imaging Study

Association of the triglyceride-glucose index variability with blood pressure and hypertension: a cohort study

BACKGROUND

Several studies have indicated that the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) index is associated with hypertension; however, evidence on the association of change in the TyG index with blood pressure and hypertension is limited.

AIMS

To assess the association of the TyG index with blood pressure and hypertension.

DESIGN

A cohort study.

METHODS

We included 17 977 individuals with a mean age of 60.5 years from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dl)×fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, self-reported current use of antihypertensive medication or self-reported physician diagnosis of hypertension.

RESULTS

In the longitudinal analyses, we found a linear dose-response relationship between changes in the TyG index and change in blood pressure. Each one-unit change in the TyG index was associated with a 1.93 (1.23-2.63) mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a 1.78 (1.42-2.16) mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP). During a median follow-up of 9.37 years, a total of 3594 individuals were newly diagnosed with hypertension. We also found a linear dose-response relationship between the TyG index and the incidence of hypertension. The hazard ratio (HR) of hypertension for each one-unit increase in the TyG index was 1.21 (1.13-1.29). In addition, the best cut-off point of TyG for predicting hypertension was 8.4797, with sensitivity, and specificity of 57.85% and 55.40%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The TyG index had a positive dose-response relationship with blood pressure and could be used to predict the risk of hypertension.

Interstitial Fluidopathy of the Central Nervous System: An Umbrella Term for Disorders with Impaired Neurofluid Dynamics

Interest in interstitial fluid dynamics has increased since the proposal of the glymphatic system hypothesis. Abnormal dynamics of the interstitial fluid have been pointed out to be an important factor in various pathological statuses. In this article, we propose the concept of central nervous system interstitial fluidopathy as a disease or condition in which abnormal interstitial fluid dynamics is one of the important factors for the development of a pathological condition. We discuss the aspects of interstitial fluidopathy in various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, normal pressure hydrocephalus, and cerebral small vessel disease. We also discuss a method called "diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space" using MR diffusion images, which is used to evaluate the degree of interstitial fluidopathy or the activity of the glymphatic system.