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Jones JC, Marathe BM, Lerner C, Kreis L, Gasser R, Pascua PNQ, Najera I, Govorkova EA. A Novel Endonuclease Inhibitor Exhibits Broad-Spectrum Anti-Influenza Virus Activity In Vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:5504-14. [PMID: 27381402 PMCID: PMC4997863 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00888-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiviral drugs are important in preventing and controlling influenza, particularly when vaccines are ineffective or unavailable. A single class of antiviral drugs, the neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), is recommended for treating influenza. The limited therapeutic options and the potential risk of antiviral resistance are driving the search for additional small-molecule inhibitors that act on influenza virus proteins. The acid polymerase (PA) of influenza viruses is a promising target for new antivirals because of its essential role in initiating virus transcription. Here, we characterized a novel compound, RO-7, identified as a putative PA endonuclease inhibitor. RO-7 was effective when added before the cessation of genome replication, reduced polymerase activity in cell-free systems, and decreased relative amounts of viral mRNA and genomic RNA during influenza virus infection. RO-7 specifically inhibited the ability of the PA endonuclease domain to cleave a nucleic acid substrate. RO-7 also inhibited influenza A viruses (seasonal and 2009 pandemic H1N1 and seasonal H3N2) and B viruses (Yamagata and Victoria lineages), zoonotic viruses (H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2), and NAI-resistant variants in plaque reduction, yield reduction, and cell viability assays in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells with nanomolar to submicromolar 50% effective concentrations (EC50s), low toxicity, and favorable selective indices. RO-7 also inhibited influenza virus replication in primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Overall, RO-7 exhibits broad-spectrum activity against influenza A and B viruses in multiple in vitro assays, supporting its further characterization and development as a potential antiviral agent for treating influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Jones
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bindumadhav M Marathe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | | | - Philippe Noriel Q Pascua
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Elena A Govorkova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Clinical Implications of Antiviral Resistance in Influenza. Viruses 2015; 7:4929-44. [PMID: 26389935 PMCID: PMC4584294 DOI: 10.3390/v7092850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a major cause of severe respiratory infections leading to excessive hospitalizations and deaths globally; annual epidemics, pandemics, and sporadic/endemic avian virus infections occur as a result of rapid, continuous evolution of influenza viruses. Emergence of antiviral resistance is of great clinical and public health concern. Currently available antiviral treatments include four neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, laninamivir), M2-inibitors (amantadine, rimantadine), and a polymerase inhibitor (favipiravir). In this review, we focus on resistance issues related to the use of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs). Data on primary resistance, as well as secondary resistance related to NAI exposure will be presented. Their clinical implications, detection, and novel therapeutic options undergoing clinical trials are discussed.
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Huang W, Li X, Cheng Y, Tan M, Guo J, Wei H, Zhao X, Lan Y, Xiao N, Wang Z, Wang D, Shu Y. Characteristics of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus during the 2013-2014 influenza season in Mainland China. Virol J 2015; 12:96. [PMID: 26103966 PMCID: PMC4484626 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus isolated from patients in mainland China during the influenza season from September 2013 through March 2014, and provide guidance on which antiviral to be used for clinical treatment. Methods The all viruses collected from September 1, 2013 through March 31, 2014 were obtained from the Chinese National Influenza Surveillance Network. A fluorescence-based assay was used to detect virus sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs). The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) gene of the oseltamivir-resistant viruses were sequenced. Results A total of 24 (2.14 %) influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses that were resistant to oseltamivir were identified. These 24 viruses were isolated from 23 patients and no epidemiological link among them could be identified. Except for one virus with the H275H/Y mixture substitution, all the other 23 viruses had H275Y substitution in the NA protein. Sequence analysis revealed that the amino acid substitutions in the HA protein of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 viruses with H275Y substitution isolated from mainland China were similar to the viruses from clustered cases reported in the United States, and the amino acid substitutions in the NA protein were similar to the viruses reported in Sapporo, Japan in 2013–2014. All of the oseltamivir-resistant viruses in mainland China and Japan possessed additional substitutions N386K, V241I and N369K in the NA protein, while most (>89 %) resistant-viruses from the United States during the same period possess V241I and N369K and did not have the N386K substitution. The N386K substitution was also exist in most sensitive viruses during the same period in mainland China. The amino acid substitutions in both HA and NA protein differed from the clustered cases from Australia reported in 2011 with additional substitutions. The drug-resistant influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 viruses were from patients without any known NAIs medication history prior to sampling. Conclusions During the influenza season from September 2013 through March 2014 in Mainland China, oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were much more frequently detected than ever since the appearance of the virus in 2009. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0317-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijuan Huang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Xiyan Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Yanhui Cheng
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Minju Tan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Junfeng Guo
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Hejiang Wei
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Xiang Zhao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Yu Lan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Ning Xiao
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Dayan Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Yuelong Shu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
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Takashita E, Meijer A, Lackenby A, Gubareva L, Rebelo-de-Andrade H, Besselaar T, Fry A, Gregory V, Leang SK, Huang W, Lo J, Pereyaslov D, Siqueira MM, Wang D, Mak GC, Zhang W, Daniels RS, Hurt AC, Tashiro M. Global update on the susceptibility of human influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors, 2013–2014. Antiviral Res 2015; 117:27-38. [PMID: 25721488 PMCID: PMC9036627 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Four World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centres for Reference and Research on Influenza and one WHO Collaborating Centre for the Surveillance, Epidemiology and Control of Influenza (WHO CCs) tested 10,641 viruses collected by WHO-recognized National Influenza Centres between May 2013 and May 2014 to determine 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) data for neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir and laninamivir. In addition, neuraminidase (NA) sequence data, available from the WHO CCs and from sequence databases (n = 3206), were screened for amino acid substitutions associated with reduced NAI susceptibility. Ninety-five per cent of the viruses tested by the WHO CCs were from three WHO regions: Western Pacific, the Americas and Europe. Approximately 2% (n = 172) showed highly reduced inhibition (HRI) against at least one of the four NAIs, commonly oseltamivir, while 0.3% (n = 32) showed reduced inhibition (RI). Those showing HRI were A(H1N1)pdm09 with NA H275Y (n = 169), A(H3N2) with NA E119V (n = 1), B/Victoria-lineage with NA E117G (n = 1) and B/Yamagata-lineage with NA H273Y (n = 1); amino acid position numbering is A subtype and B type specific. Although approximately 98% of circulating viruses tested during the 2013–2014 period were sensitive to all four NAIs, a large community cluster of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with the NA H275Y substitution from patients with no previous exposure to antivirals was detected in Hokkaido, Japan. Significant numbers of A(H1N1)pdm09 NA H275Y viruses were also detected in China and the United States: phylogenetic analyses showed that the Chinese viruses were similar to those from Japan, while the United States viruses clustered separately from those of the Hokkaido outbreak, indicative of multiple resistance-emergence events. Consequently, global surveillance of influenza antiviral susceptibility should be continued from a public health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Takashita
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
| | - Adam Meijer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Angie Lackenby
- Public Health England Colindale, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Larisa Gubareva
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for the Surveillance, Epidemiology and Control of Influenza, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton RD NE, MS-G16 Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | - Helena Rebelo-de-Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Terry Besselaar
- Global Influenza Programme, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
| | - Alicia Fry
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for the Surveillance, Epidemiology and Control of Influenza, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton RD NE, MS-G16 Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | - Vicky Gregory
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom.
| | - Sook-Kwan Leang
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, VIDRL, At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Weijuan Huang
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Janice Lo
- Public Health Laboratory Centre, 382 Nam Cheong Street, Shek Kip Mei, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dmitriy Pereyaslov
- Division of Communicable Diseases, Health Security, & Environment, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Marilda M Siqueira
- Respiratory Viruses Laboratory/IOC, FIOCRUZ, Av Brasil, 4365 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Dayan Wang
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Gannon C Mak
- Public Health Laboratory Centre, 382 Nam Cheong Street, Shek Kip Mei, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Global Influenza Programme, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
| | - Rod S Daniels
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom.
| | - Aeron C Hurt
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, VIDRL, At the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Masato Tashiro
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
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Altered viral replication and cell responses by inserting microRNA recognition element into PB1 in pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1) 2009. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:976575. [PMID: 25788763 PMCID: PMC4350627 DOI: 10.1155/2015/976575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs that spatiotemporally modulate mRNAs in a posttranscriptional manner. Engineering mutant viruses by inserting cell-specific miRNA recognition element (MRE) into viral genome may alter viral infectivity and host responses in vital tissues and organs infected with pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1) 2009 (H1N1pdm). Methods. In this study, we employed reverse genetics approach to generate a recombinant H1N1pdm with a cell-specific miRNA target sequence inserted into its PB1 genomic segment to investigate whether miRNAs are able to suppress H1N1pdm replication. We inserted an MRE of microRNA-let-7b (miR-let-7b) into the open reading frame of PB1 to test the feasibility of creating a cell-restricted H1N1pdm virus since let-7b is abundant in human bronchial epithelial cells. Results. miR-let-7b is rich in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE). Incorporation of the miR-let-7b-MRE confers upon the recombinant H1N1pdm virus susceptibility to miR-let-7b targeting, suggesting that the H1N1pdm and influenza A viruses can be engineered to exert the desired replication restrictive effect and decrease infectivity in vital tissues and organs. Conclusions. This approach provides an additional layer of biosafety and thus has great potential for the application in the rational development of safer and more effective influenza viral vaccines.
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Characterization of a large cluster of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses cross-resistant to oseltamivir and peramivir during the 2013-2014 influenza season in Japan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:2607-17. [PMID: 25691635 DOI: 10.1128/aac.04836-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Between September 2013 and July 2014, 2,482 influenza 2009 pandemic A(H1N1) [A(H1N1)pdm09] viruses were screened in Japan for the H275Y substitution in their neuraminidase (NA) protein, which confers cross-resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir. We found that a large cluster of the H275Y mutant virus was present prior to the main influenza season in Sapporo /: Hokkaido, with the detection rate for this mutant virus reaching 29% in this area. Phylogenetic analysis suggested the clonal expansion of a single mutant virus in Sapporo /: Hokkaido. To understand the reason for this large cluster, we examined the in vitro and in vivo properties of the mutant virus. We found that it grew well in cell culture, with growth comparable to that of the wild-type virus. The cluster virus also replicated well in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets and was transmitted efficiently between ferrets by way of respiratory droplets. Almost all recently circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, including the cluster virus, possessed two substitutions in NA, V241I and N369K, which are known to increase replication and transmission fitness. A structural analysis of NA predicted that a third substitution (N386K) in the NA of the cluster virus destabilized the mutant NA structure in the presence of the V241I and N369K substitutions. Our results suggest that the cluster virus retained viral fitness to spread among humans and, accordingly, caused the large cluster in Sapporo/Hokkaido. However, the mutant NA structure was less stable than that of the wild-type virus. Therefore, once the wild-type virus began to circulate in the community, the mutant virus could not compete and faded out.
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