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Milos T, Vuic B, Balic N, Farkas V, Nedic Erjavec G, Svob Strac D, Nikolac Perkovic M, Pivac N. Cerebrospinal fluid in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: an update of the literature. Expert Rev Neurother 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39233323 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2024.2400683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis is rapidly increasing, and there is a growing interest in the use of CSF biomarkers in monitoring the response to therapy, especially in the light of newly available approaches to the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. AREAS COVERED In this review we discuss the most relevant measures of neurodegeneration that are being used to distinguish patients with AD from healthy controls and individuals with mild cognitive impairment, in order to provide an overview of the latest information available in the scientific literature. We focus on markers related to amyloid processing, markers associated with neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, neuroaxonal injury and degeneration, synaptic loss and dysfunction, and markers of α-synuclein pathology. EXPERT OPINION In addition to neuropsychological evaluation, core CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, t-tau, and p-tau181) have been recommended for improvement of timely, accurate and differential diagnosis of AD, as well as to assess the risk and rate of disease progression. In addition to the core CSF biomarkers, various other markers related to synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and glial activation (neurogranin, SNAP-25, Nfl, YKL-40, TREM2) are now investigated and have yet to be validated for future potential clinical use in AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Milos
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Vuic
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Balic
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Farkas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | | | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Applied Sciences Hrvatsko Zagorje Krapina, Krapina, Croatia
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Barba L, Bellomo G, Oeckl P, Chiasserini D, Gaetani L, Torrigiani EG, Paoletti FP, Steinacker P, Abu-Rumeileh S, Parnetti L, Otto M. CSF neurosecretory proteins VGF and neuroserpin in patients with Alzheimer's and Lewy body diseases. J Neurol Sci 2024; 462:123059. [PMID: 38850771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VGF and neuroserpin are neurosecretory proteins involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to evaluate their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD). METHODS We measured CSF VGF [AQEE] peptide and neuroserpin levels in 108 LBD patients, 76 AD patients and 37 controls, and tested their associations with clinical scores and CSF AD markers. RESULTS We found decreased CSF levels of VGF [AQEE] in patients with LBD and dementia compared to controls (p = 0.016) and patients with AD-dementia (p = 0.011), but with significant influence of age and sex distribution. Moreover, we observed, on the one hand, a significant associations between lower VGF [AQEE] and neuroserpin levels and poorer cognitive performance (i.e., lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores). On the other hand, higher levels of CSF tau proteins, especially pTau181, were significantly associated with higher concentrations of VGF [AQEE] and neuroserpin. Indeed, LBD patients with AD-like CSF profiles, especially T+ profiles, had higher levels of VGF [AQEE] and neuroserpin compared to controls and LBD/T- cases. DISCUSSION CSF VGF [AQEE] and neuroserpin may show a complex relationship with cognitive decline when the levels are reduced, and with AD pathology when levels are increased. They may represent novel markers of neurosecretory impairment in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Barba
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Giovanni Bellomo
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1/8, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Patrick Oeckl
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Helmholzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE e.V.), Helmholzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1/8, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1/8, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Guido Torrigiani
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1/8, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Federico Paolini Paoletti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1/8, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Petra Steinacker
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Samir Abu-Rumeileh
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1/8, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Kim M, Huh S, Park HJ, Cho SH, Lee MY, Jo S, Jung YS. Surface-functionalized SERS platform for deep learning-assisted diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116128. [PMID: 38367567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is crucial to stall the deterioration of brain function, but conventional diagnostic methods require complicated analytical procedures or inflict acute pain on the patient. Then, label-free Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis of blood-based biomarkers is a convenient alternative to rapidly obtain spectral information from biofluids. However, despite the rapid acquisition of spectral information from biofluids, it is challenging to distinguish spectral features of biomarkers due to interference from biofluidic components. Here, we introduce a deep learning-assisted, SERS-based platform for separate analysis of blood-based amyloid β (1-42) and metabolites, enabling the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. SERS substrates consisting of Au nanowire arrays are fabricated and functionalized in two characteristic ways to compare the validity of different Alzheimer's disease biomarkers measured on our SERS system. The 6E10 antibody is immobilized for the capture of amyloid β (1-42) and analysis of its oligomerization process, while various self-assembled monolayers are attached for different dipole interactions with blood-based metabolites. Ultimately, SERS spectra of blood plasma of Alzheimer's disease patients and human controls are measured on the substrates and classified via advanced deep learning techniques that automatically extract informative features to learn generalizable representations. Accuracies up to 99.5% are achieved for metabolite-based analyses, which are verified with an explainable artificial intelligence technique that identifies key spectral features used for classification and for deducing significant biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejoon Huh
- School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee H Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Young Lee
- Department of Nano-Bio Convergence, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51508, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungho Jo
- School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Sik Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Cousins KAQ, Irwin DJ, Tropea TF, Rhodes E, Phillips J, Chen-Plotkin AS, Brumm MC, Coffey CS, Kang JH, Simuni T, Foroud TM, Toga AW, Tanner CM, Kieburtz KD, Mollenhauer B, Galasko D, Hutten S, Weintraub D, Siderowf AD, Marek K, Poston KL, Shaw LM. Evaluation of ATN PD Framework and Biofluid Markers to Predict Cognitive Decline in Early Parkinson Disease. Neurology 2024; 102:e208033. [PMID: 38306599 PMCID: PMC11383879 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000208033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In Parkinson disease (PD), Alzheimer disease (AD) copathology is common and clinically relevant. However, the longitudinal progression of AD CSF biomarkers-β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42), phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), and total tau (t-tau)-in PD is poorly understood and may be distinct from clinical AD. Moreover, it is unclear whether CSF p-tau181 and serum neurofilament light (NfL) have added prognostic utility in PD, when combined with CSF Aβ42. First, we describe longitudinal trajectories of biofluid markers in PD. Second, we modified the AD β-amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration (ATN) framework for application in PD (ATNPD) using CSF Aβ42 (A), p-tau181 (T), and serum NfL (N) and tested ATNPD prediction of longitudinal cognitive decline in PD. METHODS Participants were selected from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort, clinically diagnosed with sporadic PD or as controls, and followed up annually for 5 years. Linear mixed-effects models (LMEMs) tested the interaction of diagnosis with longitudinal trajectories of analytes (log transformed, false discovery rate [FDR] corrected). In patients with PD, LMEMs tested how baseline ATNPD status (AD [A+T+N±] vs not) predicted clinical outcomes, including Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; rank transformed, FDR corrected). RESULTS Participants were 364 patients with PD and 168 controls, with comparable baseline mean (±SD) age (patients with PD = 62 ± 10 years; controls = 61 ± 11 years]; Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon: p = 0.4) and sex distribution (patients with PD = 231 male individuals [63%]; controls = 107 male individuals [64%]; χ2: p = 1). Patients with PD had overall lower CSF p-tau181 (β = -0.16, 95% CI -0.23 to -0.092, p = 2.2e-05) and t-tau than controls (β = -0.13, 95% CI -0.19 to -0.065, p = 4e-04), but not Aβ42 (p = 0.061) or NfL (p = 0.32). Over time, patients with PD had greater increases in serum NfL than controls (β = 0.035, 95% CI 0.022 to 0.048, p = 9.8e-07); slopes of patients with PD did not differ from those of controls for CSF Aβ42 (p = 0.18), p-tau181 (p = 1), or t-tau (p = 0.96). Using ATNPD, PD classified as A+T+N± (n = 32; 9%) had worse cognitive decline on global MoCA (β = -73, 95% CI -110 to -37, p = 0.00077) than all other ATNPD statuses including A+ alone (A+T-N-; n = 75; 21%). DISCUSSION In patients with early PD, CSF p-tau181 and t-tau were low compared with those in controls and did not increase over 5 years of follow-up. Our study shows that classification using modified ATNPD (incorporating CSF Aβ42, CSF p-tau181, and serum NfL) can identify biologically relevant subgroups of PD to improve prediction of cognitive decline in early PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katheryn A Q Cousins
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - David J Irwin
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Thomas F Tropea
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Emma Rhodes
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Jeffrey Phillips
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Alice S Chen-Plotkin
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Michael C Brumm
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Christopher S Coffey
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Ju Hee Kang
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Tanya Simuni
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Arthur W Toga
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Caroline M Tanner
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Karl D Kieburtz
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Douglas Galasko
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Samantha Hutten
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Daniel Weintraub
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Andrew D Siderowf
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Kenneth Marek
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Kathleen L Poston
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- From the Department of Neurology (K.A.Q.C., D.J.I., T.F.T., E.R., J.P., A.S.C.-P., D.W.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Biostatistics (M.C.B., C.S.C.), College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology (J.H.K.), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea; Feinberg School of Medicine (T.S.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics (T.M.F.), Indiana University, Indianapolis; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (A.W.T.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology (C.M.T.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (K.D.K.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (B.M.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Germany; Department of Neurology (D.G.), University of California San Diego; The Michael J. Fox Foundation (S.H.), New York, NY; Department of Psychiatry (D.W.), School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center (D.W.), Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Department of Neurology (A.D.S.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders (K.M.), New Haven, CT; Department of Neurology (K.L.P.), Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (L.M.S.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Yu L, Petyuk VA, de Paiva Lopes K, Tasaki S, Menon V, Wang Y, Schneider JA, De Jager PL, Bennett DA. Associations of VGF with Neuropathologies and Cognitive Health in Older Adults. Ann Neurol 2023; 94:232-244. [PMID: 37177846 PMCID: PMC10524948 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE VGF is proposed as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's (AD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. The cell-type specific and, separately, peptide specific associations of VGF with pathologic and cognitive outcomes remain largely unknown. We leveraged gene expression and protein data from the human neocortex and investigated the VGF associations with common neuropathologies and late-life cognitive decline. METHODS Community-dwelling older adults were followed every year, died, and underwent brain autopsy. Cognitive decline was captured via annual cognitive testing. Common neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular conditions were assessed during neuropathologic evaluations. Bulk brain RNASeq and targeted proteomics analyses were conducted using frozen tissues from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 1,020 individuals. Cell-type specific gene expressions were quantified in a subsample (N = 424) following single nuclei RNASeq analysis from the same cortex. RESULTS The bulk brain VGF gene expression was primarily associated with AD and Lewy bodies. The VGF gene association with cognitive decline was in part accounted for by neuropathologies. Similar associations were observed for the VGF protein. Cell-type specific analyses revealed that, while VGF was differentially expressed in most major cell types in the cortex, its association with neuropathologies and cognitive decline was restricted to the neuronal cells. Further, the peptide fragments across the VGF polypeptide resembled each other in relation to neuropathologies and cognitive decline. INTERPRETATION Multiple pathways link VGF to cognitive health in older age, including neurodegeneration. The VGF gene functions primarily in neuronal cells and its protein associations with pathologic and cognitive outcomes do not map to a specific peptide. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:232-244.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Katia de Paiva Lopes
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shinya Tasaki
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology & Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - Yanling Wang
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julie A. Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology & Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York, NY, USA
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center; Chicago, IL, USA
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6
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Itri S, del Giudice D, Mugnano M, Tkachenko V, Uusitalo S, Kokkonen A, Päkkilä I, Ottevaere H, Nie Y, Mazzon E, Gugliandolo A, Ferraro P, Grilli S. A pin-based pyro-electrohydrodynamic jet sensor for tuning the accumulation of biomolecules down to sub-picogram level detection. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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7
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Ultrasensitive probeless capacitive biosensor for amyloid beta (Aβ1-42) detection in human plasma using interdigitated electrodes. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 212:114365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Ma Y, Brettschneider J, Collingwood JF. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid and Tau Levels Identifies Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients Progressing to Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1713. [PMID: 35885018 PMCID: PMC9313367 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reported levels of amyloid-beta and tau in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were evaluated to discover if these biochemical markers can predict the transition from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A systematic review of the literature in PubMed and Web of Science (April 2021) was performed by a single researcher to identify studies reporting immunologically-based (xMAP or ELISA) measures of CSF analytes Aβ(1-42) and/or P-tau and/or T-tau in clinical studies with at least two timepoints and a statement of diagnostic criteria. Of 1137 screened publications, 22 met the inclusion criteria for CSF Aβ(1-42) measures, 20 studies included T-tau, and 17 included P-tau. Six meta-analyses were conducted to compare the analytes for healthy controls (HC) versus progressive MCI (MCI_AD) and for non-progressive MCI (Stable_MCI) versus MCI_AD; effect sizes were determined using random effects models. The heterogeneity of effect sizes across studies was confirmed with very high significance (p < 0.0001) for all meta-analyses except HC versus MCI_AD T-tau (p < 0.05) and P-tau (non-significant). Standard mean difference (SMD) was highly significant (p < 0.0001) for all comparisons (Stable_MCI versus MCI_AD: SMD [95%-CI] Aβ(1-42) = 1.19 [0.96,1.42]; T-tau = −1.03 [−1.24,−0.82]; P-tau = −1.03 [−1.47,−0.59]; HC versus MCI_AD: SMD Aβ(1-42) = 1.73 [1.39,2.07]; T-tau = −1.13 [−1.33,−0.93]; P-tau = −1.10 [−1.23,−0.96]). The follow-up interval in longitudinal evaluations was a critical factor in clinical study design, and the Aβ(1−42)/P-tau ratio most robustly differentiated progressive from non-progressive MCI. The value of amyloid-beta and tau as markers of patient outcome are supported by these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxing Ma
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK;
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9
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Krance SH, Wu CY, Chan ACY, Kwong S, Song BX, Xiong LY, Ouk M, Chen MH, Zhang J, Yung A, Stanley M, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL, Swardfager W. Endosomal-Lysosomal and Autophagy Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1279-1292. [PMID: 35754279 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endosomal-lysosomal and autophagy (ELA) pathway may be implicated in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, findings thus far have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE To systematically summarize differences in endosomal-lysosomal and autophagy proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of people with AD and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Studies measuring CSF concentrations of relevant proteins in the ELA pathway in AD and healthy controls were included. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) between AD and healthy controls in CSF concentrations of relevant proteins were meta-analyzed using random-effects models. RESULTS Of 2,471 unique studies, 43 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Differences in ELA protein levels in the CSF between AD and healthy controls were observed, particularly in lysosomal membrane (LAMP-1: NAD/NHC = 348/381, SMD [95% CI] = 0.599 [0.268, 0.930], I2 = 72.8% ; LAMP-2: NAD/NHC = 401/510, SMD [95% CI] = 0.480 [0.134, 0.826], I2 = 78.7%) and intra-lysosomal proteins (GM2A: NAD/NHC = 390/420, SMD [95% CI] = 0.496 [0.039, 0.954], I2 = 87.7% ; CTSB: NAD/NHC = 485/443, SMD [95% CI] = 0.201 [0.029, 0.374], I2 = 28.5% ; CTSZ: NAD/NHC = 535/820, SMD [95% CI] = -0.160 [-0.305, -0.015], I2 = 24.0%) and in proteins involved in endocytosis (AP2B1:NAD/NHC = 171/205, SMD [95% CI] = 0.513 [0.259, 0.768], I2 = 27.4% ; FLOT1: NAD/NHC = 41/45, SMD [95% CI] = -0.489 [-0.919, -0.058], I2 <0.01). LC3B, an autophagy marker, also showed a difference (NAD/NHC = 70/59, SMD [95% CI] = 0.648 [0.180, 1.116], I2 = 38.3%)), but overall there was limited evidence suggesting differences in proteins involved in endosomal function and autophagy. CONCLUSION Dysregulation of proteins in the ELA pathway may play an important role in AD pathogenesis. Some proteins within this pathway may be potential biomarkers for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saffire H Krance
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Che-Yuan Wu
- Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison C Y Chan
- Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Kwong
- Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bing Xin Song
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Y Xiong
- Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Ouk
- Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ming Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrian Yung
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meagan Stanley
- Western Libraries, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University Health Network KITE Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University Health Network KITE Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Self W, Awwad K, Savaryn JP, Schulz M. An immuno-enrichment free, validated quantification of tau protein in human CSF by LC-MS/MS. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269157. [PMID: 35653415 PMCID: PMC9162344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau protein is a key target of interest in developing therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we sought to develop a method that quantifies extracellular tau protein concentrations in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) without antibody-based enrichment strategies. We demonstrate that the fit-for-purpose validated method in Alzheimer's Disease CSF is limited to quasi quantitative measures of tau surrogate peptides. We also provide evidence that CSF total Tau measures by LC-MS are feasible in the presence of monoclonal therapeutic antibodies in human CSF. Our Tau LC-MS/MS method is a translational bioanalytical tool for assaying target engagement and pharmacodynamics for anti-tau antibody drug development campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade Self
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Khader Awwad
- DMPK-BA, Abbvie Germany GmbH Co KG, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - John Paul Savaryn
- DMPK-BA, Abbvie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michael Schulz
- DMPK-BA, Abbvie Germany GmbH Co KG, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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11
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Peinado JR, Chaplot K, Jarvela TS, Barbieri EM, Shorter J, Lindberg I. Sequestration of TDP-43 216-414 Aggregates by Cytoplasmic Expression of the proSAAS Chaperone. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:1651-1665. [PMID: 35549000 PMCID: PMC9731516 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As neurons age, protein homeostasis becomes less efficient, resulting in misfolding and aggregation. Chaperone proteins perform vital functions in the maintenance of cellular proteostasis, and chaperone-based therapies that promote sequestration of toxic aggregates may prove useful in blocking the development of neurodegenerative disease. We previously demonstrated that proSAAS, a small secreted neuronal protein, exhibits potent chaperone activity against protein aggregation in vitro and blocks the cytotoxic effects of amyloid and synuclein oligomers in cell culture systems. We now examine whether cytoplasmic expression of proSAAS results in interactions with protein aggregates in this cellular compartment. We report that expression of proSAAS within the cytoplasm generates dense, membraneless 2 μm proSAAS spheres which progressively fuse to form larger spheres, suggesting liquid droplet-like properties. ProSAAS spheres selectively accumulate a C-terminally truncated fluorescently tagged form of TDP-43, initiating its cellular redistribution; these TDP-43-containing spheres also exhibit dynamic fusion. Efficient encapsulation of TDP-43 into proSAAS spheres is driven by its C-terminal prion-like domain; spheres must be formed for sequestration to occur. Three proSAAS sequences, a predicted coiled-coil, a conserved region (residues 158-169), and the positively charged sequence 181-185, are all required for proSAAS to form spheres able to encapsulate TDP-43 aggregates. Substitution of lysines for arginines in the 181-185 sequence results in nuclear translocation of proSAAS and encapsulation of nuclear-localized TDP-43216-414. As a functional output, we demonstrate that proSAAS expression results in cytoprotection against full-length TDP-43 toxicity in yeast. We conclude that proSAAS can act as a functional holdase for TDP-43 via this phase-separation property, representing a cytoprotectant whose unusual biochemical properties can potentially be exploited in the design of therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan R. Peinado
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Kriti Chaplot
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Timothy S. Jarvela
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Edward M. Barbieri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Iris Lindberg
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
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12
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Dayon L, Cominetti O, Affolter M. Proteomics of Human Biological Fluids for Biomarker Discoveries: Technical Advances and Recent Applications. Expert Rev Proteomics 2022; 19:131-151. [PMID: 35466824 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2022.2070477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biological fluids are routine samples for diagnostic testing and monitoring. Blood samples are typically measured because of their moderate collection invasiveness and high information content on health and disease. Several body fluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), are also studied and suited to specific pathologies. Over the last two decades proteomics has quested to identify protein biomarkers but with limited success. Recent technologies and refined pipelines have accelerated the profiling of human biological fluids. AREAS COVERED We review proteomic technologies for the identification of biomarkers. Those are based on antibodies/aptamers arrays or mass spectrometry (MS), but new ones are emerging. Advances in scalability and throughput have allowed to better design studies and cope with the limited sample size that had until now prevailed due to technological constraints. With these enablers, plasma/serum, CSF, saliva, tears, urine, and milk proteomes have been further profiled; we provide a non-exhaustive picture of some recent highlights (mainly covering literature from last five years in the Scopus database) using MS-based proteomics. EXPERT OPINION While proteomics has been in the shadow of genomics for years, proteomic tools and methodologies have reached a certain maturity. They are better suited to discover innovative and robust biofluid biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Dayon
- Proteomics, Nestlé Institute of Food Safety & Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ornella Cominetti
- Proteomics, Nestlé Institute of Food Safety & Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Affolter
- Proteomics, Nestlé Institute of Food Safety & Analytical Sciences, Nestlé Research, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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13
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Custodia A, Ouro A, Romaus-Sanjurjo D, Pías-Peleteiro JM, de Vries HE, Castillo J, Sobrino T. Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Vascular Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:811210. [PMID: 35153724 PMCID: PMC8825416 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.811210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease representing the most common type of dementia worldwide. The early diagnosis of AD is very difficult to achieve due to its complexity and the practically unknown etiology. Therefore, this is one of the greatest challenges in the field in order to develop an accurate therapy. Within the different etiological hypotheses proposed for AD, we will focus on the two-hit vascular hypothesis and vascular alterations occurring in the disease. According to this hypothesis, the accumulation of β-amyloid protein in the brain starts as a consequence of damage in the cerebral vasculature. Given that there are several vascular and angiogenic alterations in AD, and that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in endothelial repair processes, the study of EPCs in AD may be relevant to the disease etiology and perhaps a biomarker and/or therapeutic target. This review focuses on the involvement of endothelial dysfunction in the onset and progression of AD with special emphasis on EPCs as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antía Custodia
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Ouro
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Alberto Ouro,
| | - Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Pías-Peleteiro
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Helga E. de Vries
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - José Castillo
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- NeuroAging Group (NEURAL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Tomás Sobrino,
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14
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Soluble amyloid-beta isoforms predict downstream Alzheimer's disease pathology. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:204. [PMID: 34895338 PMCID: PMC8665586 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in soluble amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are detectable at early preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, whether Aβ levels can predict downstream AD pathological features in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals remains unclear. With this in mind, we aimed at investigating whether a combination of soluble Aβ isoforms can predict tau pathology (T+) and neurodegeneration (N+) positivity. Methods We used CSF measurements of three soluble Aβ peptides (Aβ1–38, Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42) in CU individuals (n = 318) as input features in machine learning (ML) models aiming at predicting T+ and N+. Input data was used for building 2046 tuned predictive ML models with a nested cross-validation technique. Additionally, proteomics data was employed to investigate the functional enrichment of biological processes altered in T+ and N+ individuals. Results Our findings indicate that Aβ isoforms can predict T+ and N+ with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.929 and 0.936, respectively. Additionally, proteomics analysis identified 17 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in individuals wrongly classified by our ML model. More specifically, enrichment analysis of gene ontology biological processes revealed an upregulation in myelinization and glucose metabolism-related processes in CU individuals wrongly predicted as T+. A significant enrichment of DEPs in pathways including biosynthesis of amino acids, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, carbon metabolism, cell adhesion molecules and prion disease was also observed. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that, by applying a refined ML analysis, a combination of Aβ isoforms can predict T+ and N+ with a high AUC. CSF proteomics analysis highlighted a promising group of proteins that can be further explored for improving T+ and N+ prediction. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00712-3.
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15
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Quinn JP, Kandigian SE, Trombetta BA, Arnold SE, Carlyle BC. VGF as a biomarker and therapeutic target in neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab261. [PMID: 34778762 PMCID: PMC8578498 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurosecretory protein VGF (non-acronymic) belongs to the granin family of neuropeptides. VGF and VGF-derived peptides have been repeatedly identified in well-powered and well-designed multi-omic studies as dysregulated in neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. New therapeutics is urgently needed for these devastating and costly diseases, as are new biomarkers to improve disease diagnosis and mechanistic understanding. From a list of 537 genes involved in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, VGF was highlighted by the Accelerating Medicines Partnership in Alzheimer's disease as the potential therapeutic target of greatest interest. VGF levels are consistently decreased in brain tissue and CSF samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to controls, and its levels correlate with disease severity and Alzheimer's disease pathology. In the brain, VGF exists as multiple functional VGF-derived peptides. Full-length human VGF1-615 undergoes proteolytic processing by prohormone convertases and other proteases in the regulated secretory pathway to produce at least 12 active VGF-derived peptides. In cell and animal models, these VGF-derived peptides have been linked to energy balance regulation, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, learning and memory, and depression-related behaviours throughout development and adulthood. The C-terminal VGF-derived peptides, TLQP-62 (VGF554-615) and TLQP-21 (VGF554-574) have differential effects on Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, neuronal and microglial activity, and learning and memory. TLQP-62 activates neuronal cell-surface receptors and regulates long-term hippocampal memory formation. TLQP-62 also prevents immune-mediated memory impairment, depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours in mice. TLQP-21 binds to microglial cell-surface receptors, triggering microglial chemotaxis and phagocytosis. These actions were reported to reduce amyloid-β plaques and decrease neuritic dystrophy in a transgenic mouse model of familial Alzheimer's disease. Expression differences of VGF-derived peptides have also been associated with frontotemporal lobar dementias, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lewy body diseases, Huntington's disease, pain, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression and antidepressant response. This review summarizes current knowledge and highlights questions for future investigation regarding the roles of VGF and its dysregulation in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disease. Finally, the potential of VGF and VGF-derived peptides as biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical & Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Savannah E Kandigian
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical & Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bianca A Trombetta
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical & Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical & Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Becky C Carlyle
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer's Clinical & Translational Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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16
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Fan Q, Gao Y, Mazur F, Chandrawati R. Nanoparticle-based colorimetric sensors to detect neurodegenerative disease biomarkers. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:6983-7007. [PMID: 34528639 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01226f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are progressive, incurable health conditions that primarily affect brain cells, and result in loss of brain mass and impaired function. Current sensing technologies for NDD detection are limited by high cost, long sample preparation, and/or require skilled personnel. To overcome these limitations, optical sensors, specifically colorimetric sensors, have garnered increasing attention towards the development of a cost-effective, simple, and rapid alternative approach. In this review, we evaluate colorimetric sensing strategies of NDD biomarkers (e.g. proteins, neurotransmitters, bio-thiols, and sulfide), address the limitations and challenges of optical sensor technologies, and provide our outlook on the future of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Federico Mazur
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Rona Chandrawati
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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17
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Seo EH, Lim HJ, Yoon HJ, Choi KY, Lee JJ, Park JY, Choi SH, Kim H, Kim BC, Lee KH. Visuospatial memory impairment as a potential neurocognitive marker to predict tau pathology in Alzheimer's continuum. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:167. [PMID: 34627371 PMCID: PMC8502282 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that tau accumulation, not amyloid-β (Aβ) burden, is more closely connected with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a detailed understanding of the tau-related characteristics of cognitive function is critical in both clinical and research settings. We investigated the association between phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) level and cognitive impairment across the AD continuum and the mediating role of medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy. We also developed a prediction model for abnormal tau accumulation. METHODS We included participants from the Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort in Korea, who completed cerebrospinal fluid analysis and clinical evaluation, and corresponded to one of three groups according to the biomarkers of A and T profiles based on the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association research framework. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between p-Tau and cognition and to develop prediction models. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to examine the discrimination ability of the models. RESULTS Among 185 participants, 93 were classified as A-T-, 23 as A+T-, and 69 as A+T+. There was an association between decreased visuospatial delayed memory performance and p-Tau level (B = - 0.754, β = - 0.363, p < 0.001), independent of other relevant variables (e.g., Aβ). MTL neurodegeneration was found to mediate the association between the two. Prediction models with visuospatial delayed memory alone (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.872) and visuospatial delayed memory and entorhinal thickness (AUC = 0.921) for abnormal tau accumulation were suggested and they were validated in an independent sample (AUC = 0.879 and 0.891, respectively). CONCLUSION It is crucial to identify sensitive cognitive measures that capture subtle cognitive impairment associated with underlying pathological changes. Preliminary findings from the current study might suggest that abnormal tau accumulation underlies episodic memory impairment, particularly visuospatial modality, in the AD continuum. Suggested models are potentially useful in predicting tau pathology, and might be utilized practically in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyun Seo
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jae Lim
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Yoon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yeong Choi
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Jae Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Park
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Neurozen Inc., Seoul, 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoowon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Gwangju Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Cohort Research Center, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- Aging Neuroscience Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
- Neurozen Inc., Seoul, 06236, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Barranco N, Plá V, Alcolea D, Sánchez-Domínguez I, Fischer-Colbrie R, Ferrer I, Lleó A, Aguado F. Dense core vesicle markers in CSF and cortical tissues of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:37. [PMID: 34565482 PMCID: PMC8466657 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-021-00263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) that reveal synaptic and neural network dysfunctions are needed for clinical practice and therapeutic trial design. Dense core vesicle (DCV) cargos are promising cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) indicators of synaptic failure in AD patients. However, their value as biomarkers has not yet been determined. Methods Immunoassays were performed to analyze the secretory proteins prohormone convertases PC1/3 and PC2, carboxypeptidase E (CPE), secretogranins SgIII and SgII, and Cystatin C in the cerebral cortex (n = 45, provided by Bellvitge University Hospital) and CSF samples (n = 66, provided by The Sant Pau Initiative on Neurodegeneration cohort) from AD patients (n = 56) and age-matched controls (n = 55).
Results In AD tissues, most DCV proteins were aberrantly accumulated in dystrophic neurites and activated astrocytes, whereas PC1/3, PC2 and CPE were also specifically accumulated in hippocampal granulovacuolar degeneration bodies. AD individuals displayed an overall decline of secretory proteins in the CSF. Interestingly, in AD patients, the CSF levels of prohormone convertases strongly correlated inversely with those of neurodegeneration markers and directly with cognitive impairment status. Conclusions These results demonstrate marked alterations of neuronal-specific prohormone convertases in CSF and cortical tissues of AD patients. The neuronal DCV cargos are biomarker candidates for synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration in AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40035-021-00263-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Barranco
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Plá
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute. Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Sánchez-Domínguez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Isidro Ferrer
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, and Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute. Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Aguado
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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19
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Pedrero-Prieto CM, Frontiñán-Rubio J, Alcaín FJ, Durán-Prado M, Peinado JR, Rabanal-Ruiz Y. Biological Significance of the Protein Changes Occurring in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Alzheimer's Disease Patients: Getting Clues from Proteomic Studies. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1655. [PMID: 34573996 PMCID: PMC8467255 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fact that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) deeply irrigates the brain together with the relative simplicity of sample extraction from patients make this biological fluid the best target for biomarker discovery in neurodegenerative diseases. During the last decade, biomarker discovery has been especially fruitful for the identification new proteins that appear in the CSF of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients together with amyloid-β (Aβ42), total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau). Thus, several proteins have been already stablished as important biomarkers, due to an increase (i.e., CHI3L1) or a decrease (i.e., VGF) in AD patients' CSF. Notwithstanding this, only a deep analysis of a database generated with all the changes observed in CSF across multiple proteomic studies, and especially those using state-of-the-art methodologies, may expose those components or metabolic pathways disrupted at different levels in AD. Deep comparative analysis of all the up- and down-regulated proteins across these studies revealed that 66% of the most consistent protein changes in CSF correspond to intracellular proteins. Interestingly, processes such as those associated to glucose metabolism or RXR signaling appeared inversely represented in CSF from AD patients in a significant manner. Herein, we discuss whether certain cellular processes constitute accurate indicators of AD progression by examining CSF. Furthermore, we uncover new CSF AD markers, such as ITAM, PTPRZ or CXL16, identified by this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M. Pedrero-Prieto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Ciudad Real Medical School, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Frontiñán-Rubio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Francisco J. Alcaín
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Mario Durán-Prado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Juan R. Peinado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
| | - Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, CRIB, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Paseo de Moledores SN, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (C.M.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.); (F.J.A.); (M.D.-P.)
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20
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Rahman MM, Lendel C. Extracellular protein components of amyloid plaques and their roles in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:59. [PMID: 34454574 PMCID: PMC8400902 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically defined by the presence of fibrillar amyloid β (Aβ) peptide in extracellular senile plaques and tau filaments in intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Extensive research has focused on understanding the assembly mechanisms and neurotoxic effects of Aβ during the last decades but still we only have a brief understanding of the disease associated biological processes. This review highlights the many other constituents that, beside Aβ, are accumulated in the plaques, with the focus on extracellular proteins. All living organisms rely on a delicate network of protein functionality. Deposition of significant amounts of certain proteins in insoluble inclusions will unquestionably lead to disturbances in the network, which may contribute to AD and copathology. This paper provide a comprehensive overview of extracellular proteins that have been shown to interact with Aβ and a discussion of their potential roles in AD pathology. Methods that can expand the knowledge about how the proteins are incorporated in plaques are described. Top-down methods to analyze post-mortem tissue and bottom-up approaches with the potential to provide molecular insights on the organization of plaque-like particles are compared. Finally, a network analysis of Aβ-interacting partners with enriched functional and structural key words is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahafuzur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christofer Lendel
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21
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Bergström S, Remnestål J, Yousef J, Olofsson J, Markaki I, Carvalho S, Corvol JC, Kultima K, Kilander L, Löwenmark M, Ingelsson M, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Nellgård B, Brosseron F, Heneka MT, Bosch B, Sanchez-Valle R, Månberg A, Svenningsson P, Nilsson P. Multi-cohort profiling reveals elevated CSF levels of brain-enriched proteins in Alzheimer's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:1456-1470. [PMID: 34129723 PMCID: PMC8283172 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Decreased amyloid beta (Aβ) 42 together with increased tau and phospho-tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is indicative of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular pathophysiology underlying the slowly progressive cognitive decline observed in AD is not fully understood and it is not known what other CSF biomarkers may be altered in early disease stages. METHODS We utilized an antibody-based suspension bead array to analyze levels of 216 proteins in CSF from AD patients, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and controls from two independent cohorts collected within the AETIONOMY consortium. Two additional cohorts from Sweden were used for biological verification. RESULTS Six proteins, amphiphysin (AMPH), aquaporin 4 (AQP4), cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein 21 (ARPP21), growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), neurofilament medium polypeptide (NEFM), and synuclein beta (SNCB) were found at increased levels in CSF from AD patients compared with controls. Next, we used CSF levels of Aβ42 and tau for the stratification of the MCI patients and observed increased levels of AMPH, AQP4, ARPP21, GAP43, and SNCB in the MCI subgroups with abnormal tau levels compared with controls. Further characterization revealed strong to moderate correlations between these five proteins and tau concentrations. INTERPRETATION In conclusion, we report six extensively replicated candidate biomarkers with the potential to reflect disease development. Continued evaluation of these proteins will determine to what extent they can aid in the discrimination of MCI patients with and without an underlying AD etiology, and if they have the potential to contribute to a better understanding of the AD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Bergström
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Remnestål
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jamil Yousef
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennie Olofsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ioanna Markaki
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephanie Carvalho
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM, CNRS, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Kim Kultima
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Löwenmark
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Bengt Nellgård
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Beatriz Bosch
- Alzheimer's and other cognitive disorders Unit. Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's and other cognitive disorders Unit. Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Månberg
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, SciLifeLab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Abbasi DA, Nguyen TTA, Hall DA, Robertson-Dick E, Berry-Kravis E, Cologna SM. Characterization of the Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteome in Patients with Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome. THE CEREBELLUM 2021; 21:86-98. [PMID: 34046842 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), first described in 2001, is a neurodegenerative and movement disorder, caused by a premutation in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene. To date, the biological mechanisms causing this condition are still not well understood, as not all premutation carriers develop FXTAS. To further understand this syndrome, we quantitatively compared the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome of FXTAS patients with age-matched controls using mass spectrometry. We identified 415 proteins of which 97 were altered in FXTAS patients. These proteins suggest changes in acute phase response signaling, liver X receptor/ retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) activation, and farnesoid X receptor (FXR)/RXR activation, which are the main pathways found to be affected. Additionally, we detected changes in many other proteins including amyloid-like protein 2, contactin-1, afamin, cell adhesion molecule 4, NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 2, and cathepsin B, that had been previously noted to hold important roles in other movement disorders. Specific to RXR pathways, several apolipoproteins (APOA1, APOA2, APOA4, APOC2, and APOD) showed significant changes in the CSF of FXTAS patients. Lastly, CSF parameters were analyzed to investigate abnormalities in blood brain barrier function. Correlations were observed between patient albumin quotient values, a measure of permeability, and CGG repeat length as well as FXTAS rating scale scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Abbasi
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thu T A Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deborah A Hall
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin Robertson-Dick
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Berry-Kravis
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie M Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Laboratory of Integrated Neuroscience, University of Illinois At Chicago, 845 W Taylor Street, Room 4500, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA.
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23
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Remnestål J, Bergström S, Olofsson J, Sjöstedt E, Uhlén M, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Zettergren A, Kern S, Skoog I, Nilsson P, Månberg A. Association of CSF proteins with tau and amyloid β levels in asymptomatic 70-year-olds. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2021; 13:54. [PMID: 33653397 PMCID: PMC7923505 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00789-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased knowledge of the evolution of molecular changes in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is important for the understanding of disease pathophysiology and also crucial to be able to identify and validate disease biomarkers. While several biological changes that occur early in the disease development have already been recognized, the need for further characterization of the pathophysiological mechanisms behind AD still remains. Methods In this study, we investigated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of 104 proteins in 307 asymptomatic 70-year-olds from the H70 Gothenburg Birth Cohort Studies using a multiplexed antibody- and bead-based technology. Results The protein levels were first correlated with the core AD CSF biomarker concentrations of total tau, phospho-tau and amyloid beta (Aβ42) in all individuals. Sixty-three proteins showed significant correlations to either total tau, phospho-tau or Aβ42. Thereafter, individuals were divided based on CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score to determine if early changes in pathology and cognition had an effect on the correlations. We compared the associations of the analysed proteins with CSF markers between groups and found 33 proteins displaying significantly different associations for amyloid-positive individuals and amyloid-negative individuals, as defined by the CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio. No differences in the associations could be seen for individuals divided by CDR score. Conclusions We identified a series of transmembrane proteins, proteins associated with or anchored to the plasma membrane, and proteins involved in or connected to synaptic vesicle transport to be associated with CSF biomarkers of amyloid and tau pathology in AD. Further studies are needed to explore these proteins’ role in AD pathophysiology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-021-00789-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Remnestål
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodvägen 23A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Bergström
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodvägen 23A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennie Olofsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodvägen 23A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evelina Sjöstedt
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodvägen 23A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodvägen 23A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Silke Kern
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodvägen 23A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Månberg
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodvägen 23A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
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24
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Kokkinou M, Beishon LC, Smailagic N, Noel-Storr AH, Hyde C, Ukoumunne O, Worrall RE, Hayen A, Desai M, Ashok AH, Paul EJ, Georgopoulou A, Casoli T, Quinn TJ, Ritchie CW. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid ABeta42 for the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease dementia in participants diagnosed with any dementia subtype in a specialist care setting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 2:CD010945. [PMID: 33566374 PMCID: PMC8078224 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010945.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a syndrome that comprises many differing pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), vascular dementia (VaD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). People may benefit from knowing the type of dementia they live with, as this could inform prognosis and may allow for tailored treatment. Beta-amyloid (1-42) (ABeta42) is a protein which decreases in both the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of people living with ADD, when compared to people with no dementia. However, it is not clear if changes in ABeta42 are specific to ADD or if they are also seen in other types of dementia. It is possible that ABeta42 could help differentiate ADD from other dementia subtypes. OBJECTIVES To determine the accuracy of plasma and CSF ABeta42 for distinguishing ADD from other dementia subtypes in people who meet the criteria for a dementia syndrome. SEARCH METHODS We searched MEDLINE, and nine other databases up to 18 February 2020. We checked reference lists of any relevant systematic reviews to identify additional studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We considered cross-sectional studies that differentiated people with ADD from other dementia subtypes. Eligible studies required measurement of participant plasma or CSF ABeta42 levels and clinical assessment for dementia subtype. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Seven review authors working independently screened the titles and abstracts generated by the searches. We collected data on study characteristics and test accuracy. We used the second version of the 'Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies' (QUADAS-2) tool to assess internal and external validity of results. We extracted data into 2 x 2 tables, cross-tabulating index test results (ABeta42) with the reference standard (diagnostic criteria for each dementia subtype). We performed meta-analyses using bivariate, random-effects models. We calculated pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In the primary analysis, we assessed accuracy of plasma or CSF ABeta42 for distinguishing ADD from other mixed dementia types (non-ADD). We then assessed accuracy of ABeta42 for differentiating ADD from specific dementia types: VaD, FTD, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), alcohol-related cognitive disorder (ARCD), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). To determine test-positive cases, we used the ABeta42 thresholds employed in the respective primary studies. We then performed sensitivity analyses restricted to those studies that used common thresholds for ABeta42. MAIN RESULTS We identified 39 studies (5000 participants) that used CSF ABeta42 levels to differentiate ADD from other subtypes of dementia. No studies of plasma ABeta42 met the inclusion criteria. No studies were rated as low risk of bias across all QUADAS-2 domains. High risk of bias was found predominantly in the domains of patient selection (28 studies) and index test (25 studies). The pooled estimates for differentiating ADD from other dementia subtypes were as follows: ADD from non-ADD: sensitivity 79% (95% CI 0.73 to 0.85), specificity 60% (95% CI 0.52 to 0.67), 13 studies, 1704 participants, 880 participants with ADD; ADD from VaD: sensitivity 79% (95% CI 0.75 to 0.83), specificity 69% (95% CI 0.55 to 0.81), 11 studies, 1151 participants, 941 participants with ADD; ADD from FTD: sensitivity 85% (95% CI 0.79 to 0.89), specificity 72% (95% CI 0.55 to 0.84), 17 studies, 1948 participants, 1371 participants with ADD; ADD from DLB: sensitivity 76% (95% CI 0.69 to 0.82), specificity 67% (95% CI 0.52 to 0.79), nine studies, 1929 participants, 1521 participants with ADD. Across all dementia subtypes, sensitivity was greater than specificity, and the balance of sensitivity and specificity was dependent on the threshold used to define test positivity. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Our review indicates that measuring ABeta42 levels in CSF may help differentiate ADD from other dementia subtypes, but the test is imperfect and tends to misdiagnose those with non-ADD as having ADD. We would caution against the use of CSF ABeta42 alone for dementia classification. However, ABeta42 may have value as an adjunct to a full clinical assessment, to aid dementia diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Kokkinou
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy C Beishon
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Nadja Smailagic
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Chris Hyde
- Exeter Test Group, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter , UK
| | - Obioha Ukoumunne
- NIHR CLAHRC South West Peninsula (PenCLAHRC), University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Anja Hayen
- Department of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Meera Desai
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Abhishekh Hulegar Ashok
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College , London, UK
| | - Eleanor J Paul
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tiziana Casoli
- Center for Neurobiology of Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Terry J Quinn
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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25
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Cousins KAQ, Phillips JS, Irwin DJ, Lee EB, Wolk DA, Shaw LM, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Burke SE, Kinney NG, Gibbons GS, McMillan CT, Trojanowski JQ, Grossman M. ATN incorporating cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain detects frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 17:822-830. [PMID: 33226735 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ATN framework provides an in vivo diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of pathologic amyloid plaques (A), tangles (T), and neurodegeneration (N). ATN is rarely evaluated in pathologically confirmed patients and its poor sensitivity to suspected non-Alzheimer's pathophysiologies (SNAP), including frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), leads to misdiagnoses. We compared accuracy of ATN (ATNTAU ) using CSF total tau (t-tau) to a modified strategy (ATNNfL ) using CSF neurofilament light chain (NfL) in an autopsy cohort. METHODS ATNTAU and ATNNfL were trained in an independent sample and validated in autopsy-confirmed AD (n = 67) and FTLD (n = 27). RESULTS ATNNfL more accurately identified FTLD as SNAP (sensitivity = 0.93, specificity = 0.94) than ATNTAU (sensitivity = 0.44, specificity = 0.97), even in cases with co-occurring AD and FTLD. ATNNfL misclassified fewer AD and FTLD as "Normal" (2%) than ATNTAU (14%). DISCUSSION ATNNfL is a promising diagnostic strategy that may accurately identify both AD and FTLD, even when pathologies co-occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katheryn A Q Cousins
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Phillips
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A Wolk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Sarah E Burke
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nikolas G Kinney
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Garrett S Gibbons
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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26
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Remnestål J, Öijerstedt L, Ullgren A, Olofsson J, Bergström S, Kultima K, Ingelsson M, Kilander L, Uhlén M, Månberg A, Graff C, Nilsson P. Altered levels of CSF proteins in patients with FTD, presymptomatic mutation carriers and non-carriers. Transl Neurodegener 2020; 9:27. [PMID: 32576262 PMCID: PMC7310563 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical presentations of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are diverse and overlap with other neurological disorders. There are, as of today, no biomarkers in clinical practice for diagnosing the disorders. Here, we aimed to find protein markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with FTD, presymptomatic mutation carriers and non-carriers. METHODS Antibody suspension bead arrays were used to analyse 328 proteins in CSF from patients with behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD, n = 16) and progressive primary aphasia (PPA, n = 13), as well as presymptomatic mutation carriers (PMC, n = 16) and non-carriers (NC, n = 8). A total of 492 antibodies were used to measure protein levels by direct labelling of the CSF samples. The findings were further examined in an independent cohort including 13 FTD patients, 79 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 18 healthy controls. RESULTS We found significantly altered protein levels in CSF from FTD patients compared to unaffected individuals (PMC and NC) for 26 proteins. The analysis show patterns of separation between unaffected individuals and FTD patients, especially for those with a clinical diagnosis of bvFTD. The most statistically significant differences in protein levels were found for VGF, TN-R, NPTXR, TMEM132D, PDYN and NF-M. Patients with FTD were found to have higher levels of TN-R and NF-M, and lower levels of VGF, NPTXR, TMEM132D and PDYN, compared to unaffected individuals. The main findings were reproduced in the independent cohort. CONCLUSION In this pilot study, we show a separation of FTD patients from unaffected individuals based on protein levels in CSF. Further investigation is required to explore the CSF profiles in larger cohorts, but the results presented here has the potential to enable future clinical utilization of these potential biomarkers within FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Remnestål
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodavägen 23 A, Alpha 2, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linn Öijerstedt
- Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna, Sweden.,Unit for hereditary dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abbe Ullgren
- Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jennie Olofsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodavägen 23 A, Alpha 2, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Bergström
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodavägen 23 A, Alpha 2, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kim Kultima
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodavägen 23 A, Alpha 2, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anna Månberg
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodavägen 23 A, Alpha 2, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Graff
- Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64, Solna, Sweden. .,Unit for hereditary dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Tomtebodavägen 23 A, Alpha 2, 171 65 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Swedish FTD Initiative, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Pedrero-Prieto CM, García-Carpintero S, Frontiñán-Rubio J, Llanos-González E, Aguilera García C, Alcaín FJ, Lindberg I, Durán-Prado M, Peinado JR, Rabanal-Ruiz Y. A comprehensive systematic review of CSF proteins and peptides that define Alzheimer's disease. Clin Proteomics 2020; 17:21. [PMID: 32518535 PMCID: PMC7273668 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-020-09276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last two decades, over 100 proteomics studies have identified a variety of potential biomarkers in CSF of Alzheimer's (AD) patients. Although several reviews have proposed specific biomarkers, to date, the statistical relevance of these proteins has not been investigated and no peptidomic analyses have been generated on the basis of specific up- or down- regulation. Herein, we perform an analysis of all unbiased explorative proteomics studies of CSF biomarkers in AD to critically evaluate whether proteins and peptides identified in each study are consistent in distribution; direction change; and significance, which would strengthen their potential use in studies of AD pathology and progression. METHODS We generated a database containing all CSF proteins whose levels are known to be significantly altered in human AD from 47 independent, validated, proteomics studies. Using this database, which contains 2022 AD and 2562 control human samples, we examined whether each protein is consistently present on the basis of reliable statistical studies; and if so, whether it is over- or under-represented in AD. Additionally, we performed a direct analysis of available mass spectrometric data of these proteins to generate an AD CSF peptide database with 3221 peptides for further analysis. RESULTS Of the 162 proteins that were identified in 2 or more studies, we investigated their enrichment or depletion in AD CSF. This allowed us to identify 23 proteins which were increased and 50 proteins which were decreased in AD, some of which have never been revealed as consistent AD biomarkers (i.e. SPRC or MUC18). Regarding the analysis of the tryptic peptide database, we identified 87 peptides corresponding to 13 proteins as the most highly consistently altered peptides in AD. Analysis of tryptic peptide fingerprinting revealed specific peptides encoded by CH3L1, VGF, SCG2, PCSK1N, FBLN3 and APOC2 with the highest probability of detection in AD. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a panel of 27 proteins and 21 peptides highly altered in AD with consistent statistical significance; this panel constitutes a potent tool for the classification and diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M. Pedrero-Prieto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Sonia García-Carpintero
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Frontiñán-Rubio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Emilio Llanos-González
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Cristina Aguilera García
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Alcaín
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Iris Lindberg
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Mario Durán-Prado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Juan R. Peinado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ciudad Real Medical School, Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Center for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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28
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Yee WLS, Drum CL. Increasing Complexity to Simplify Clinical Care: High Resolution Mass Spectrometry as an Enabler of AI Guided Clinical and Therapeutic Monitoring. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Loong Sherman Yee
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineDepartment of MedicineNational University of Singapore Singapore 119077 Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI)National University Health System Singapore 119228 Singapore
| | - Chester Lee Drum
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineDepartment of MedicineNational University of Singapore Singapore 119077 Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI)National University Health System Singapore 119228 Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineDepartment of BiochemistryNational University of Singapore Singapore 119077 Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1)National University of Singapore Singapore 119077 Singapore
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29
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Wesenhagen KEJ, Teunissen CE, Visser PJ, Tijms BM. Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics and biological heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease: A literature review. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 57:86-98. [PMID: 31694431 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1670613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is characterized by aggregation of amyloid and tau proteins in the brain. Results from genetic studies suggest that the pathophysiology underlying AD is complex, but studying this complexity in patients remains difficult. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome contains a large number of proteins that can reflect ongoing biological processes. Proteomics techniques can be used to measure many proteins simultaneously in individual patients and may therefore provide an opportunity to study AD disease mechanisms. Here, we review the CSF proteomics literature to identify proteins consistently associated with AD, and perform pathway analyses on these proteins to study which biological processes may be involved in the disease.We performed a literature search of studies that investigated CSF proteomic alterations related to AD. We included original research articles when they measured at least 10 proteins in (antemortem) CSF in at least 10 individuals with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or controls. We examined if proteins were consistently related to AD, defined as consistent increase or decrease in AD vs. controls across studies. Next, we used the proteins identified as input to pathway analyses using Reactome to investigate which biological processes were enriched.In total, 29 studies were included that investigated AD-related changes to the CSF proteome, including a total of 1434 individuals with AD (of whom 47.1% had a CSF biomarker profile and 9.6% a postmortem examination consistent with AD) and 1380 controls. The studies reported 1 to 138 proteins associated with AD, of which 97 proteins were reported by two or more studies. Among proteins that were measured in more than one study, 27 (27.8%) showed consistent increases, 15 (15.5%) consistent decreases and 55 (56.7%) had contrasting results. Pathway analyses showed that AD-related proteins were enriched for hemostasis, lipoprotein and extracellular matrix pathways.These results indicate that proteomic alterations in CSF associated with AD reflect involvement of various biological pathways. The frequent occurrence of inconsistent protein level changes reported by different studies suggests that additional biological and/or (pre)analytical factors may influence the CSF proteome in AD, which should be further investigated in order to improve understanding of the biological complexity underlying AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E J Wesenhagen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Lab and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Betty M Tijms
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Burwick RM, Togioka BM, Speranza RJ, Gaffney JE, Roberts VHJ, Frias AE, Rincón M. Assessment of blood-brain barrier integrity and neuroinflammation in preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 221:269.e1-269.e8. [PMID: 31229428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although blood-brain barrier integrity is intact under normal pregnancy conditions, animal studies suggest that blood-brain barrier impairment occurs in preeclampsia. Yet, human data are limited, and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier has not been assessed in women with preeclampsia. OBJECTIVE We sought to test the hypothesis that the integrity of the blood-brain barrier is impaired and that neuroinflammation is increased in women with preeclampsia. STUDY DESIGN We performed an observational case-control study in pregnant women >24 weeks gestation who underwent spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery or combined spinal epidural analgesia for labor. Cases were women with preeclampsia, and control subjects were women with either healthy pregnancy, chronic hypertension, or gestational hypertension. Paired samples of blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid were collected from each subject before delivery. We measured albumin, C5a, C5b-9, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, and albumin, C5a, and C5b-9 concentrations in urine, using colorimetric or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The ratio of albumin in cerebrospinal fluid to plasma (Qalb) was used as a surrogate for maternal blood-brain barrier integrity. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of C5a, C5b-9, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 were used as surrogate markers of neuroinflammation. Differences in Qalb and cerebrospinal fluid protein concentrations between groups were assessed by nonparametric test of medians. RESULTS Forty-eight subjects were enrolled, which included 16 cases with preeclampsia, 16 control subjects with healthy pregnancy, and 16 control subjects with either chronic or gestational hypertension. Qalb values were not increased in preeclampsia cases compared with healthy or hypertensive control subjects (Qalb median, 3.5 [interquartile range, 2.9-5.1] vs 3.9 [interquartile range, 3.0-4.8] vs 3.9 [interquartile range, 3.0-4.8]; P=.78]. Moreover, Qalb values were not increased in the subset of women with preeclampsia with severe features (n=8) compared with those without severe features (n=8; Qalb median, 3.5 [interquartile range, 3.3-4.9] vs 3.7 [interquartile range, 2.3-5.5]; P=.62]. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of C5a, C5b-9, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were not increased in cases of preeclampsia, compared with control subjects with either healthy pregnancy, chronic hypertension, or gestational hypertension (P>.05, all comparisons). In contrast to the negative findings in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma concentrations of both C5b-9 and interleukin-6 and urine concentrations of C5a and C5b-9 were increased in cases of preeclampsia. CONCLUSION Through measurements of albumin, complement proteins, and cytokines in paired samples of blood and cerebrospinal fluid at the time of delivery, we found no evidence of blood-brain barrier impairment or neuroinflammation in preeclampsia. Larger studies that will investigate a wider range of proteins are suggested to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Burwick
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
| | - Brandon M Togioka
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Rosa J Speranza
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jessica E Gaffney
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Victoria H J Roberts
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Antonio E Frias
- Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Mónica Rincón
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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