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Li H, Zeng F, Huang C, Pu Q, Thomas ER, Chen Y, Li X. The potential role of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14411. [PMID: 37577934 PMCID: PMC10848100 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which can cause progressive deterioration of motor function causing muscle stiffness, tremor, and bradykinesia. In this review, we hope to describe approaches that can improve the life of PD patients through modifications of energy metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS The main pathological features of PD are the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and the production of Lewy bodies. Abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) leading to the formation of Lewy bodies is closely associated with neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The main causes of PD are said to be mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and abnormal protein aggregation. Presence of abnormal energy metabolism is another cause of PD. Many studies have found significant differences between neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic decompensation, which has become a biological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. SUMMARY In this review, we highlight the relationship between abnormal energy metabolism (Glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism) and PD. Improvement of key molecules in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, and amino acid metabolism (e.g., glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and levodopa) might be potentially beneficial in PD. Some of these metabolic indicators may serve well during the diagnosis of PD. In addition, modulation of these metabolic pathways may be a potential target for the treatment and prevention of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangzhen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Fancai Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of DermatologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Qiqi Pu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | | | - Yan Chen
- Department of DermatologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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2
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Yan T, Ma X, Zhou K, Cao J, Tian Y, Zheng H, Tong Y, Xie S, Wang Y, Guo L, Lu R. A novel CSN5/CRT O-GlcNAc/ER stress regulatory axis in platinum resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:1279-1296. [PMID: 38385070 PMCID: PMC10878149 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.89700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: High levels of COP9 signalosome subunit 5 (CSN5) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are associated with poor prognosis and are implicated in mediating platinum resistance in EOC cells. The underlying mechanisms, however, remained undefined. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular process and identify potential therapeutic targets. Methods: RNA-sequencing was used to investigate differentially expressed genes between platinum-resistant EOC cells with CSN5 knockdown and controls. O-GlcNAc proteomics were employed to identify critical modulators downstream of CSN5. The omics findings were confirmed through qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. In vitro and in vivo experiments assessed the sensitivity of resistant EOCs to platinum. Results: We demonstrated an involvement of aberrant O-GlcNAc and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress disequilibrium in CSN5-mediated platinum resistance of EOC. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of CSN5 led to tumor regression and surmounted the intrinsic EOC resistance to platinum both in vitro and in vivo. Integration of RNA-sequencing and O-GlcNAc proteomics pinpointed calreticulin (CRT) as a potential target of aberrant O-GlcNAc modification. CSN5 upregulated O-GlcNAc-CRT at T346 to inhibit ER stress-induced cell death. Blocking T346 O-GlcNAc-CRT through CSN5 deficiency or T346A mutation resulted in Ca2+ disturbances, followed by ER stress overactivation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ultimately cell apoptosis. Conclusion: This study reveals that CSN5-mediated aberrant O-GlcNAc-CRT acts as a crucial ER stress checkpoint, governing cell fate response to stress, and emphasizes an unrecognized role for the CSN5/CRT O-GlcNAc/ER stress axis in platinum resistance of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqing Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaolu Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kaixia Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiazhen Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Suhong Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renquan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No.270, Dong' An Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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3
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Kulovic-Sissawo A, Tocantins C, Diniz MS, Weiss E, Steiner A, Tokic S, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Pereira SP, Hiden U. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Unraveling Insights from Vascular Endothelial Cells. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:70. [PMID: 38392289 PMCID: PMC10886154 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with several lifestyle-related diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and it contributes significantly to the global health burden. Recent research indicates a link between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial impairment, and endothelial dysfunction. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited into the vessel wall to maintain appropriate endothelial function, repair, and angiogenesis. After attachment, EPCs differentiate into mature endothelial cells (ECs). Like ECs, EPCs are also susceptible to CVRFs, including metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction of EPCs may have long-term effects on the function of the mature ECs into which EPCs differentiate, particularly in the presence of endothelial damage. However, a link between CVRFs and impaired mitochondrial function in EPCs has hardly been investigated. In this review, we aim to consolidate existing knowledge on the development of mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction in the vascular endothelium, place it in the context of recent studies investigating the consequences of CVRFs on EPCs, and discuss the role of mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, we aim to gain a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms involved in EPC deterioration in relation to CVRFs and address potential therapeutic interventions targeting mitochondrial health to promote endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Kulovic-Sissawo
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisa Weiss
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Steiner
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Silvija Tokic
- Research Unit of Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Cell Biology and Biochemistry of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ursula Hiden
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
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Ting KK, Coleman P, Kim HJ, Zhao Y, Mulangala J, Cheng NC, Li W, Gunatilake D, Johnstone DM, Loo L, Neely GG, Yang P, Götz J, Vadas MA, Gamble JR. Vascular senescence and leak are features of the early breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease models. GeroScience 2023; 45:3307-3331. [PMID: 37782439 PMCID: PMC10643714 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related disease, with loss of integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) being an early feature. Cellular senescence is one of the reported nine hallmarks of aging. Here, we show for the first time the presence of senescent cells in the vasculature in AD patients and mouse models of AD. Senescent endothelial cells and pericytes are present in APP/PS1 transgenic mice but not in wild-type littermates at the time of amyloid deposition. In vitro, senescent endothelial cells display altered VE-cadherin expression and loss of cell junction formation and increased permeability. Consistent with this, senescent endothelial cells in APP/PS1 mice are present at areas of vascular leak that have decreased claudin-5 and VE-cadherin expression confirming BBB breakdown. Furthermore, single cell sequencing of endothelial cells from APP/PS1 transgenic mice confirms that adhesion molecule pathways are among the most highly altered pathways in these cells. At the pre-plaque stage, the vasculature shows significant signs of breakdown, with a general loss of VE-cadherin, leakage within the microcirculation, and obvious pericyte perturbation. Although senescent vascular cells were not directly observed at sites of vascular leak, senescent cells were close to the leak area. Thus, we would suggest in AD that there is a progressive induction of senescence in constituents of the neurovascular unit contributing to an increasing loss of vascular integrity. Targeting the vasculature early in AD, either with senolytics or with drugs that improve the integrity of the BBB may be valid therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ka Ting
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Paul Coleman
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Hani Jieun Kim
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jocelyne Mulangala
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Wan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dilini Gunatilake
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel M Johnstone
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Lipin Loo
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - G Gregory Neely
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Jürgen Götz
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mathew A Vadas
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Gamble
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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5
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Seman A, Chandra PK, Byrum SD, Mackintosh SG, Gies AJ, Busija DW, Rutkai I. Targeting mitochondria in the aged cerebral vasculature with SS-31, a proteomic study of brain microvessels. GeroScience 2023; 45:2951-2965. [PMID: 37458933 PMCID: PMC10643806 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00845-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment and dementias during aging such as Alzheimer's disease are linked to functional decline and structural alterations of the brain microvasculature. Although mechanisms leading to microvascular changes during aging are not clear, loss of mitochondria, and reduced efficiency of remaining mitochondria appear to play a major role. Pharmacological agents, such as SS-31, which target mitochondria have been shown to be effective during aging and diseases; however, the benefit to mitochondrial- and non-mitochondrial proteins in the brain microvasculature has not been examined. We tested whether attenuation of aging-associated changes in the brain microvascular proteome via targeting mitochondria represents a therapeutic option for the aging brain. We used aged male (> 18 months) C57Bl6/J mice treated with a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide, SS-31, or vehicle saline. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was determined using laser speckle imaging during a 2-week treatment period. Then, isolated cortical microvessels (MVs) composed of end arterioles, capillaries, and venules were used for Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid mass spectrometry. CBF was similar among the groups, whereas bioinformatic analysis revealed substantial differences in protein abundance of cortical MVs between SS-31 and vehicle. We identified 6267 proteins, of which 12% were mitochondria-associated. Of this 12%, 107 were significantly differentially expressed and were associated with oxidative phosphorylation, metabolism, the antioxidant defense system, or mitochondrial dynamics. Administration of SS-31 affected many non-mitochondrial proteins. Our findings suggest that mitochondria in the microvasculature represent a therapeutic target in the aging brain, and widespread changes in the proteome may underlie the rejuvenating actions of SS-31 in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Seman
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Partha K Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Samuel G Mackintosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Allen J Gies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - David W Busija
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Ibolya Rutkai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
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Petrovskaya A, Tverskoi A, Medvedeva A, Nazarova M. Is blood-brain barrier a probable mediator of non-invasive brain stimulation effects on Alzheimer's disease? Commun Biol 2023; 6:416. [PMID: 37059824 PMCID: PMC10104838 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with no existing treatment leading to full recovery. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown usually precedes the advent of first symptoms in AD and accompanies the progression of the disease. At the same time deliberate BBB opening may be beneficial for drug delivery in AD. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, primarily transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have shown multiple evidence of being able to alleviate symptoms of AD. Currently, TMS/tDCS mechanisms are mostly investigated in terms of their neuronal effects, while their possible non-neuronal effects, including mitigation of the BBB disruption, are less studied. We argue that studies of TMS/tDCS effects on the BBB in AD are necessary to boost the effectiveness of neuromodulation in AD. Moreover, such studies are important considering the safety issues of TMS/tDCS use in the advanced AD stages when the BBB is usually dramatically deteriorated. Here, we elucidate the evidence of NIBS-induced BBB opening and closing in various models from in vitro to humans, and highlight its importance in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Petrovskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Artem Tverskoi
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Angela Medvedeva
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, US
| | - Maria Nazarova
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Center for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation
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Petrushanko IY, Mitkevich VA, Makarov AA. Effect of β-amyloid on blood-brain barrier properties and function. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:183-197. [PMID: 37124923 PMCID: PMC10133432 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates in the brain, accompanied by impaired cognitive function, is a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). An important role in this process is played by vascular disorders, in particular, a disturbance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB controls the entry of Aβ from plasma to the brain via the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the removal of brain-derived Aβ via the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1). The balance between the input of Aβ to the brain from the periphery and its output is disturbed during AD. Aβ changes the redox-status of BBB cells, which in turn changes the functioning of mitochondria and disrupts the barrier function of endothelial cells by affecting tight junction proteins. Aβ oligomers have the greatest toxic effect on BBB cells, and oligomers are most rapidly transferred by transcytosis from the brain side of the BBB to the blood side. Both the cytotoxic effect of Aβ and the impairment of barrier function are partly due to the interaction of Aβ monomers and oligomers with membrane-bound RAGE. AD therapies based on the disruption of this interaction or the creation of decoys for Aβ are being developed. The question of the transfer of various Aβ isoforms through the BBB is important, since it can influence the development of AD. It is shown that the rate of input of Aβ40 and Aβ42 from the blood into the brain is different. The actual question of the transfer of pathogenic Aβ isoforms with post-translational modifications or mutations through the BBB still remains open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Yu. Petrushanko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Mitkevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Lee N, Youn K, Yoon JH, Lee B, Kim DH, Jun M. The Role of Fucoxanthin as a Potent Nrf2 Activator via Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn Axis against Amyloid-β Peptide-Induced Oxidative Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030629. [PMID: 36978877 PMCID: PMC10045033 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence is suggesting that amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), a characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to neuronal death. This study aimed to demonstrate the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of fucoxanthin, a major marine carotenoid found in brown algae, against neuronal injury caused by Aβ. Non-toxic dose range of fucoxanthin (0.1–5 µM) were selected for the neuroprotective study against Aβ25–35. The PC12 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of fucoxanthin for 1 h before being exposed to 10 µM Aβ25–35 for another 24 h. The present results showed that fucoxanthin inhibited Aβ25-35-induced cell death by recovering cell cycle arrest and decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. The compound enhanced mitochondrial recovery and regulated apoptosis related proteins including B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) from Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress. Concomitantly, fucoxanthin increased the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream phase II detoxifying enzymes including NADPH: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), glutamate cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLm), and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), whereas it decreased the expression of cytoplasmic Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Moreover, pretreatment of fucoxanthin reduced Fyn phosphorylation via protein kinase B (Akt)-mediated inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), which increased the nuclear localization of Nrf2, suggesting that the compound enhanced Nrf2 expression by the activation of upstream kinase as well as the dissociation of the Nrf2-Keap1 complex. Further validation with a specific phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 demonstrated that the fucoxanthin-mediated Nrf2 antioxidant defense system was directly associated with the Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn signaling pathway. In silico simulation revealed that the oxygen groups of fucoxanthin participated in potent interactions with target markers in the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which may affect the biological activity of target markers. Taken together, the present results demonstrated that the preventive role of fucoxanthin on Aβ-stimulated oxidative injury and apoptosis via Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn signaling pathway. This study would provide a useful approach for potential intervention for AD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumju Youn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Advanced Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (D.H.K.); (M.J.)
| | - Mira Jun
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
- Center for Food & Bio Innovation, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (D.H.K.); (M.J.)
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9
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Wang Y, Wu J, Wang J, He L, Lai H, Zhang T, Wang X, Li W. Mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain microvascular endothelial cells: Triggering blood-brain barrier disruption. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:71-82. [PMID: 36709855 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier disruption plays an important role in central nervous system diseases. This review provides information on the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain microvascular endothelial cells in cellular dysfunction, the disruption of intercellular junctions, transporter dysfunction, abnormal angiogenesis, neurovascular decoupling, and the involvement and aggravation of vascular inflammation and illustrates related molecular mechanisms. In addition, recent drug and nondrug therapies targeting cerebral vascular endothelial cell mitochondria to repair the blood-brain barrier are discussed. This review shows that mitochondrial oxidative stress disorder in brain microvascular endothelial cells plays a key role in the occurrence and development of blood-brain barrier damage and may be critical in various pathological mechanisms of blood-brain barrier damage. These new findings suggest a potential new strategy for the treatment of central nervous system diseases through mitochondrial modulation of cerebral vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Jiexin Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Linxi He
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Han Lai
- School of Foreign Languages, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Tian Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Weihong Li
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
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10
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Santos AL, Sinha S. Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and the Therapeutic Role of Antioxidants. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:341-435. [PMID: 37120475 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The gradual ageing of the world population has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. The adipose tissue dysfunction associated with ageing and obesity shares many common physiological features, including increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity may help elucidate the processes that contribute to the metabolic disturbances that occur with ageing. This, in turn, may help identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and age-related metabolic disorders. Because oxidative stress plays a critical role in these pathological processes, antioxidant dietary interventions could be of therapeutic value for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases and obesity and their complications. In this chapter, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which obesity predisposes individuals to accelerated ageing. Additionally, we critically review the potential of antioxidant dietary interventions to counteract obesity and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- IdISBA - Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares, Palma, Spain.
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11
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Petrovskaya AV, Tverskoi AM, Barykin EP, Varshavskaya KB, Dalina AA, Mitkevich VA, Makarov AA, Petrushanko IY. Distinct Effects of Beta-Amyloid, Its Isomerized and Phosphorylated Forms on the Redox Status and Mitochondrial Functioning of the Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelium. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010183. [PMID: 36613623 PMCID: PMC9820675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) promotes the accumulation of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the brain as the BBB cells provide Aβ transport from the brain parenchyma to the blood, and vice versa. The breakdown of the BBB during AD may be caused by the emergence of blood-borne Aβ pathogenic forms, such as structurally and chemically modified Aβ species; their effect on the BBB cells has not yet been studied. Here, we report that the effects of Aβ42, Aβ42, containing isomerized Asp7 residue (iso-Aβ42) or phosphorylated Ser8 residue (p-Aβ42) on the mitochondrial potential and respiration are closely related to the redox status changes in the mouse brain endothelial cells bEnd.3. Aβ42 and iso-Aβ42 cause a significant increase in nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, glutathione, cytosolic calcium and the mitochondrial potential after 4 h of incubation. P-Aβ42 either does not affect or its effect develops after 24 h of incubation. Aβ42 and iso-Aβ42 activate mitochondrial respiration compared to p-Aβ42. The isomerized form promotes a greater cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction, causing maximum oxidative stress. Thus, Aβ42, p-Aβ42 and iso-Aβ42 isoforms differently affect the BBBs' cell redox parameters, significantly modulating the functioning of the mitochondria. The changes in the level of modified Aβ forms can contribute to the BBBs' breakdown during AD.
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12
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Sakamuri SSVP, Sure VN, Wang X, Bix G, Fonseca VA, Mostany R, Katakam PVG. Amyloid [Formula: see text] (1-42) peptide impairs mitochondrial respiration in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells: impact of dysglycemia and pre-senescence. GeroScience 2022; 44:2721-2739. [PMID: 35978067 PMCID: PMC9768086 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the impact of glucose concentrations on the β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced alteration of mitochondrial/cellular energetics in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). HBMECs were grown and passaged in media containing 15 mmol/l glucose (normal) based on which the glucose levels in the media were designated as high (25 mmol/L) or low (5 mmol/L). HBMECs were treated with Aβ (1-42) (5 µmol/l) or a scrambled peptide for 24 h and mitochondrial respiratory parameters were measured using Seahorse Mito Stress Test. Aβ (1-42) decreased the mitochondrial ATP production at normal glucose levels and decreased spare respiratory capacity at high glucose levels. Aβ (1-42) diminished all mitochondrial respiratory parameters markedly at low glucose levels that were not completely recovered by restoring normal glucose levels in the media. The addition of mannitol (10 mmol/l) to low and normal glucose-containing media altered the Aβ (1-42)-induced bioenergetic defects. Even at normal glucose levels, pre-senescent HMBECs (passage 15) displayed greater Aβ (1-42)-induced mitochondrial respiratory impairments than young cells (passages 7-9). Thus, hypoglycemia, osmolarity changes, and senescence are stronger instigators of Aβ (1-42)-induced mitochondrial respiration and energetics in HBMECs and contributors to diabetes-related increased AD risk than hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva S. V. P. Sakamuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Venkata N. Sure
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, 131 S. Robertson, Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Gregory Bix
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, 131 S. Robertson, Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Vivian A. Fonseca
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Ricardo Mostany
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
| | - Prasad V. G. Katakam
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 200 Flower Hall, LA 70118 New Orleans, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, 131 S. Robertson, Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
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13
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Tatulian SA. Challenges and hopes for Alzheimer's disease. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:1027-1043. [PMID: 35121174 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent drug development efforts targeting Alzheimer's disease (AD) have failed to produce effective disease-modifying agents for many reasons, including the substantial presymptomatic neuronal damage that is caused by the accumulation of the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide and tau protein abnormalities, deleterious adverse effects of drug candidates, and inadequate design of clinical trials. New molecular targets, biomarkers, and diagnostic techniques, as well as alternative nonpharmacological approaches, are sorely needed to detect and treat early pathological events. This article analyzes the successes and debacles of pharmaceutical endeavors to date, and highlights new technologies that may lead to the more effective diagnosis and treatment of the pathologies that underlie AD. The use of focused ultrasound, deep brain stimulation, stem cell therapy, and gene therapy, in parallel with pharmaceuticals and judicious lifestyle adjustments, holds promise for the deceleration, prevention, or cure of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suren A Tatulian
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, and Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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14
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Pahrudin Arrozi A, Wan Ngah WZ, Ahmad Damanhuri H, Makpol S. Modulatory Effects of Alpha- and Gamma-Tocopherol on the Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity and Membrane Potential in an In Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:698833. [PMID: 34880748 PMCID: PMC8646103 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.698833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased amyloid-beta (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are common pathological hallmarks mediating the disease progression. Growing evidence also suggests that mitochondrial abnormalities are an early feature in the pathogenesis of AD. Intervention with antioxidants has received great interest as a molecular strategy for the manipulation of mitochondrial function. Our previous preliminary study using in vitro cell models expressing different types of APP demonstrated that treatment with alpha-tocopherol (ATF) or gamma-tocopherol (GTF) modulates mitochondrial function by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), increasing the production of ATP and preventing apoptosis events, especially in cells expressing the mutant APP form. Thus, we hypothesized that ATF or GTF treatment might also alter mitochondrial metabolic pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation. The present study aimed to investigate the role of ATF and GTF in modulating mitochondrial oxidative metabolism using high-resolution respirometry. Our results showed that both ATF and GTF increased the respiratory capacity and membrane potential in the ROUTINE and OXPHOSCI-LINKED states as well as complex IV enzyme activity in wild-type and mutant APP-overexpressing SH-SY5Y cells. Although preliminary, these findings indicate that ATF and GTF modulate mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in APP-overexpressing cells and, in part, may contribute to the planning of strategies for utilizing vitamin E isomers against mitochondrial-related diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslina Pahrudin Arrozi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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15
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The Protective Effect of Ubiquinone against the Amyloid Peptide in Endothelial Cells Is Isoprenoid Chain Length-Dependent. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111806. [PMID: 34829677 PMCID: PMC8615161 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular brain pathology constitutes a common feature in neurodegenerative diseases that could underlie their development. Indeed, vascular dysfunction acts synergistically with neurodegenerative changes to exacerbate the cognitive impairment found in Alzheimer’s disease. Different injuries such as hypertension, high glucose, atherosclerosis associated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein or inflammation induce NADPH oxidase activation, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis in endothelial cells. Since it has been shown that pretreatment of cultured endothelial cells with the lipophilic antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) displays a protective effect against the deleterious injuries caused by different agents, this study explores the cytoprotective role of different CoQs homologues against Aβ25–35-induced damage and demonstrates that only pretreatment with CoQ10 protects endothelial brain cells from Aβ25–35-induced damage. Herein, we show that CoQ10 constitutes the most effective ubiquinone in preventing NADPH oxidase activity and reducing both reactive oxygen species generation and the increase in free cytosolic Ca2+ induced by Aβ25–35, ultimately preventing apoptosis and necrosis. The specific cytoprotective effect of CoQ with a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units could be explained by the fact that CoQ10 is the only ubiquinone that significantly reduces the entry of Aβ25–35 into the mitochondria.
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16
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Effects of Aβ-derived peptide fragments on fibrillogenesis of Aβ. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19262. [PMID: 34584131 PMCID: PMC8479085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide aggregation plays a central role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiology. AD drug candidates have included small molecules or peptides directed towards inhibition of Aβ fibrillogenesis. Although some Aβ-derived peptide fragments suppress Aβ fibril growth, comprehensive analysis of inhibitory potencies of peptide fragments along the whole Aβ sequence has not been reported. The aim of this work is (a) to identify the region(s) of Aβ with highest propensities for aggregation and (b) to use those fragments to inhibit Aβ fibrillogenesis. Structural and aggregation properties of the parent Aβ1-42 peptide and seven overlapping peptide fragments have been studied, i.e. Aβ1-10 (P1), Aβ6-15 (P2), Aβ11-20 (P3), Aβ16-25 (P4), Aβ21-30 (P5), Aβ26-36 (P6), and Aβ31-42 (P7). Structural transitions of the peptides in aqueous buffer have been monitored by circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Aggregation and fibrillogenesis were analyzed by light scattering and thioflavin-T fluorescence. The mode of peptide-peptide interactions was characterized by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Three peptide fragments, P3, P6, and P7, exhibited exceptionally high propensity for β-sheet formation and aggregation. Remarkably, only P3 and P6 exerted strong inhibitory effect on the aggregation of Aβ1-42, whereas P7 and P2 displayed moderate inhibitory potency. It is proposed that P3 and P6 intercalate between Aβ1-42 molecules and thereby inhibit Aβ1-42 aggregation. These findings may facilitate therapeutic strategies of inhibition of Aβ fibrillogenesis by Aβ-derived peptides.
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17
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Negri S, Faris P, Moccia F. Reactive Oxygen Species and Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling: Brothers in Arms or Partners in Crime? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189821. [PMID: 34575985 PMCID: PMC8465413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) controls virtually all endothelial cell functions and is, therefore, crucial to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. An aberrant elevation in endothelial can indeed lead to severe cardiovascular disorders. Likewise, moderate amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce intracellular Ca2+ signals to regulate vascular functions, while excessive ROS production may exploit dysregulated Ca2+ dynamics to induce endothelial injury. Herein, we survey how ROS induce endothelial Ca2+ signals to regulate vascular functions and, vice versa, how aberrant ROS generation may exploit the Ca2+ handling machinery to promote endothelial dysfunction. ROS elicit endothelial Ca2+ signals by regulating inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2B, two-pore channels, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), and multiple isoforms of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. ROS-induced endothelial Ca2+ signals regulate endothelial permeability, angiogenesis, and generation of vasorelaxing mediators and can be exploited to induce therapeutic angiogenesis, rescue neurovascular coupling, and induce cancer regression. However, an increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i induced by aberrant ROS formation may result in endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, and pulmonary artery hypertension. This information could pave the way to design alternative treatments to interfere with the life-threatening interconnection between endothelial ROS and Ca2+ signaling under multiple pathological conditions.
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18
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Quintana DD, Anantula Y, Garcia JA, Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Sarkar SN, Corbin DR, Brown CM, Simpkins JW. Microvascular degeneration occurs before plaque onset and progresses with age in 3xTg AD mice. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 105:115-128. [PMID: 34062487 PMCID: PMC9703920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease and vascular disease positively correlate with the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although there is ostensible involvement of dysfunctional cerebrovasculature in AD pathophysiology, the characterization of the specific changes and development of vascular injury during AD remains unclear. In the present study, we established a time-course for the structural changes and degeneration of the angioarchitecture in AD. We used cerebrovascular corrosion cast and µCT imaging to evaluate the geometry, topology, and complexity of the angioarchitecture in the brain of wild type and 3xTg AD mice. We hypothesized that changes to the microvasculature occur early during the disease, and these early identifiable aberrations would be more prominent in the brain subregions implicated in the cognitive decline of AD. Whole-brain analysis of the angioarchitecture indicated early morphological abnormalities and degeneration of microvascular networks in 3xTg AD mice. Our analysis of the hippocampus and cortical subregions revealed microvascular degeneration with onset and progression that was subregion dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic D Quintana
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Yamini Anantula
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Jorge A Garcia
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Elizabeth B Engler-Chiurazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Saumyendra N Sarkar
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Deborah R Corbin
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Candice M Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - James W Simpkins
- Department of Neuroscience, Center of Basic and Translational Stroke Research Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV.
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19
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Mohamed Asik R, Suganthy N, Aarifa MA, Kumar A, Szigeti K, Mathe D, Gulyás B, Archunan G, Padmanabhan P. Alzheimer's Disease: A Molecular View of β-Amyloid Induced Morbific Events. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091126. [PMID: 34572312 PMCID: PMC8468668 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a dynamic peptide of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which accelerates the disease progression. At the cell membrane and cell compartments, the amyloid precursor protein (APP) undergoes amyloidogenic cleavage by β- and γ-secretases and engenders the Aβ. In addition, externally produced Aβ gets inside the cells by receptors mediated internalization. An elevated amount of Aβ yields spontaneous aggregation which causes organelles impairment. Aβ stimulates the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein via acceleration by several kinases. Aβ travels to the mitochondria and interacts with its functional complexes, which impairs the mitochondrial function leading to the activation of apoptotic signaling cascade. Aβ disrupts the Ca2+ and protein homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex (GC) that promotes the organelle stress and inhibits its stress recovery machinery such as unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER-associated degradation (ERAD). At lysosome, Aβ precedes autophagy dysfunction upon interacting with autophagy molecules. Interestingly, Aβ act as a transcription regulator as well as inhibits telomerase activity. Both Aβ and p-tau interaction with neuronal and glial receptors elevate the inflammatory molecules and persuade inflammation. Here, we have expounded the Aβ mediated events in the cells and its cosmopolitan role on neurodegeneration, and the current clinical status of anti-amyloid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajmohamed Mohamed Asik
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore; (R.M.A.); (B.G.)
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, 59 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Natarajan Suganthy
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Mohamed Asik Aarifa
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India;
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (K.S.); (D.M.)
- CROmed Translational Research Centers, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domokos Mathe
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (K.S.); (D.M.)
- CROmed Translational Research Centers, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore; (R.M.A.); (B.G.)
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, 59 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Govindaraju Archunan
- Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India;
- Marudupandiyar College, Thanjavur 613403, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (P.P.)
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore; (R.M.A.); (B.G.)
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, 59 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (P.P.)
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20
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Mitochondrial dysfunction: A potential target for Alzheimer's disease intervention and treatment. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1991-2002. [PMID: 33962036 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative brain disorder which manifests as a progressive decline in cognitive function. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the early stages of AD, and advances the progression of this age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Therefore, it can be a potential target for interventions to treat AD. Several therapeutic strategies to target mitochondrial dysfunction have gained significant attention in the preclinical stage, but the clinical trials performed to date have shown little progress. Thus, we discuss the mechanisms and strategies of different therapeutic agents for targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. We hope that this review will inspire and guide the development of efficient AD drugs in the future.
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21
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Salmina AB, Kharitonova EV, Gorina YV, Teplyashina EA, Malinovskaya NA, Khilazheva ED, Mosyagina AI, Morgun AV, Shuvaev AN, Salmin VV, Lopatina OL, Komleva YK. Blood-Brain Barrier and Neurovascular Unit In Vitro Models for Studying Mitochondria-Driven Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4661. [PMID: 33925080 PMCID: PMC8125678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiology of chronic neurodegeneration is mainly based on complex mechanisms related to aberrant signal transduction, excitation/inhibition imbalance, excitotoxicity, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, proteotoxicity and protein misfolding, local insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction, excessive cell death, development of glia-supported neuroinflammation, and failure of neurogenesis. These mechanisms tightly associate with dramatic alterations in the structure and activity of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). NVU is an ensemble of brain cells (brain microvessel endothelial cells (BMECs), astrocytes, pericytes, neurons, and microglia) serving for the adjustment of cell-to-cell interactions, metabolic coupling, local microcirculation, and neuronal excitability to the actual needs of the brain. The part of the NVU known as a BBB controls selective access of endogenous and exogenous molecules to the brain tissue and efflux of metabolites to the blood, thereby providing maintenance of brain chemical homeostasis critical for efficient signal transduction and brain plasticity. In Alzheimer's disease, mitochondria are the target organelles for amyloid-induced neurodegeneration and alterations in NVU metabolic coupling or BBB breakdown. In this review we discuss understandings on mitochondria-driven NVU and BBB dysfunction, and how it might be studied in current and prospective NVU/BBB in vitro models for finding new approaches for the efficient pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla B. Salmina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Kharitonova
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Yana V. Gorina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Elena A. Teplyashina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Natalia A. Malinovskaya
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Elena D. Khilazheva
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Angelina I. Mosyagina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Andrey V. Morgun
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Anton N. Shuvaev
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Vladimir V. Salmin
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Olga L. Lopatina
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
| | - Yulia K. Komleva
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.K.); (Y.V.G.); (E.A.T.); (N.A.M.); (E.D.K.); (A.I.M.); (A.V.M.); (A.N.S.); (V.V.S.); (O.L.L.); (Y.K.K.)
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