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Elkins M, Jain N, Tükel Ç. The menace within: bacterial amyloids as a trigger for autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 79:102473. [PMID: 38608623 PMCID: PMC11162901 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria are known to produce amyloids, proteins characterized by a conserved cross-beta sheet structure, which exhibit structural and functional similarities to human amyloids. The deposition of human amyloids into fibrillar plaques within organs is closely linked to several debilitating human diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Recently, bacterial amyloids have garnered significant attention as potential initiators of human amyloid-associated diseases as well as autoimmune diseases. This review aims to explore how bacterial amyloid, particularly curli found in gut biofilms, can act as a trigger for neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. We will elucidate three primary mechanisms through which bacterial amyloids exert their influence: By delving into these three distinct modes of action, this review will provide valuable insights into the intricate relationship between bacterial amyloids and the onset or progression of neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions and preventive strategies targeting amyloid-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Elkins
- Center for Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neha Jain
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass, Karwar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Çagla Tükel
- Center for Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Netea PDMG. I. IDC Key-note Lecture: Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2023; 19:37-39. [PMID: 38406616 PMCID: PMC10891313 DOI: 10.46582/jsrm.1902009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
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Kosagisharaf JR, Hegde ML. Introduction to The Special Issue: Novel Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Challenges in Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S3-S7. [PMID: 37393511 PMCID: PMC10473067 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagannatha Rao Kosagisharaf
- Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF) Deemed to be University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
- SNI, INDICASAT AIP, Panama
| | - Muralidhar L. Hegde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of DNA Repair Research, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Preethy S, Ikewaki N, Levy GA, Raghavan K, Dedeepiya VD, Yamamoto N, Srinivasan S, Ranganathan N, Iwasaki M, Senthilkumar R, Abraham SJK. Two unique biological response-modifier glucans beneficially regulating gut microbiota and faecal metabolome in a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis animal model, with potential applications in human health and disease. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2022; 9:bmjgast-2022-000985. [PMID: 36167455 PMCID: PMC9516208 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2022-000985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The gut microbiome and its metabolites are influenced by age and stress and reflect the metabolism and health of the immune system. We assessed the gut microbiota and faecal metabolome in a static animal model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Design This model was subjected to the following treatments: reverse osmosis water, AFO-202, N-163, AFO-202+N-163 and telmisartan treatment. Faecal samples were collected at 6 and 9 weeks of age. The gut microbiome was analysed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequences acquired by next-generation sequencing, and the faecal metabolome was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Gut microbial diversity increased greatly in the AFO-202+N-163 group. Postintervention, the abundance of Firmicutes decreased, whereas that of Bacteroides increased and was the highest in the AFO-202+N-163 group. The decrease in the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and other Firmicutes and the abundance of Turicibacter and Bilophila were the highest in the AFO-202 and N-163 groups, respectively. Lactobacillus abundance was highest in the AFO-202+N-163 group. The faecal metabolite spermidine, which is beneficial against inflammation and NASH, was significantly decreased (p=0.012) in the N-163 group. Succinic acid, which is beneficial in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, was increased in the AFO-202 group (p=0.06). The decrease in fructose was the highest in the N-163 group (p=0.0007). Isoleucine and Leucine decreased with statistical significance (p=0.004 and 0.012, respectively), and tryptophan also decreased (p=0.99), whereas ornithine, which is beneficial against chronic immune-metabolic-inflammatory pathologies, increased in the AFO-202+N-163 group. Conclusion AFO-202 treatment in mice is beneficial against neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, and has prophylactic potential against metabolic conditions. N-163 treatment exerts anti-inflammatory effects against organ fibrosis and neuroinflammation. In combination, these compounds exhibit anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthilkumar Preethy
- Fujio-Eiji Academic Terrain (FEAT), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
| | - Nobunao Ikewaki
- Dept. of Medical Life Science, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka, Japan.,Institute of Immunology, Junsei Educational Institute, Nobeoka, Japan
| | - Gary A Levy
- Medicine and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kadalraja Raghavan
- Dept of Paediatric Neurology, Jesuit Antonyraj memorial Inter-disciplinary Centre for Advanced Recovery and Education (JAICARE), Madurai, India
| | | | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Genome Medical Sciences Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Kohnodai, Chiba, Japan
| | - Subramaniam Srinivasan
- Mary-Yoshio Translational Hexagon (MYTH), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
| | | | - Masaru Iwasaki
- Centre for Advancing Clinical Research (CACR), University of Yamanashi - School of Medicine, Chuo, Japan
| | - Rajappa Senthilkumar
- Fujio-Eiji Academic Terrain (FEAT), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India
| | - Samuel J K Abraham
- Mary-Yoshio Translational Hexagon (MYTH), Nichi-In Centre for Regenerative Medicine (NCRM), Chennai, India .,Centre for Advancing Clinical Research (CACR), University of Yamanashi - School of Medicine, Chuo, Japan.,Antony- Xavier Interdisciplinary Scholastics (AXIS), GN Corporation Co. Ltd, Kofu, Japan
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