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Chung JW, Bower AE, Malik I, Martello JP, Knight CA, Jeka JJ, Burciu RG. Imaging the lower limb network in Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103399. [PMID: 37058977 PMCID: PMC10131075 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the significant impact of lower limb symptoms on everyday life activities in Parkinson's disease (PD), knowledge of the neural correlates of lower limb deficits is limited. OBJECTIVE We ran an fMRI study to investigate the neural correlates of lower limb movements in individuals with and without PD. METHODS Participants included 24 PD and 21 older adults who were scanned while performing a precisely controlled isometric force generation task by dorsiflexing their ankle. A novel MRI-compatible ankle dorsiflexion device that limits head motion during motor tasks was used. The PD were tested on their more affected side, whereas the side in controls was randomized. Importantly, PD were tested in the off-state, following overnight withdrawal from antiparkinsonian medication. RESULTS The foot task revealed extensive functional brain changes in PD compared to controls, with reduced fMRI signal during ankle dorsiflexion within the contralateral putamen and M1 foot area, and ipsilateral cerebellum. The activity of M1 foot area was negatively correlated with the severity of foot symptoms based on the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS-III). CONCLUSION Overall, current findings provide new evidence of brain changes underlying motor symptoms in PD. Our results suggest that pathophysiology of lower limb symptoms in PD appears to involve both the cortico-basal ganglia and cortico-cerebellar motor circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Chung
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Abigail E Bower
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Ibrahim Malik
- Center for Biomedical & Brain Imaging, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Justin P Martello
- Department of Neurosciences, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Christopher A Knight
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - John J Jeka
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Roxana G Burciu
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
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2
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Lu H, Li J, Zhang L, Meng L, Ning Y, Jiang T. Pinpointing the precise stimulation targets for brain rehabilitation in early-stage Parkinson's disease. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:24. [PMID: 36991320 PMCID: PMC10061909 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is increasingly used as a promising non-pharmacological treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). Scalp-to-cortex distance (SCD), as a key technical parameter of TMS, plays a critical role in determining the locations of treatment targets and corresponding dosage. Due to the discrepancies in TMS protocols, the optimal targets and head models have yet to be established in PD patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the SCDs of the most popular used targets in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and quantify its impact on the TMS-induced electric fields (E-fields) in early-stage PD patients. METHODS Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans from PD patients (n = 47) and normal controls (n = 36) were drawn from the NEUROCON and Tao Wu datasets. SCD of left DLPFC was measured by Euclidean Distance in TMS Navigation system. The intensity and focality of SCD-dependent E-fields were examined and quantified using Finite Element Method. RESULTS Early-stage PD patients showed an increased SCDs, higher variances in the SCDs and SCD-dependent E-fields across the seven targets of left DLPFC than normal controls. The stimulation targets located on gyral crown had more focal and homogeneous E-fields. The SCD of left DLPFC had a better performance in differentiating early-stage PD patients than global cognition and other brain measures. CONCLUSION SCD and SCD-dependent E-fields could determine the optimal TMS treatment targets and may also be used as a novel marker to differentiate early-stage PD patients. Our findings have important implications for developing optimal TMS protocols and personalized dosimetry in real-world clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lu
- G27, Multi-Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Centre for Neuromodulation and Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Li
- G27, Multi-Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Augmented Intelligence, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311100, China
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3
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Zaretskaya N, Fink E, Arsenovic A, Ischebeck A. Fast and functionally specific cortical thickness changes induced by visual stimulation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:2823-2837. [PMID: 35780393 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural characteristics of the human brain serve as important markers of brain development, aging, disease progression, and neural plasticity. They are considered stable properties, changing slowly over time. Multiple recent studies reported that structural brain changes measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may occur much faster than previously thought, within hours or even minutes. The mechanisms behind such fast changes remain unclear, with hemodynamics as one possible explanation. Here we investigated the functional specificity of cortical thickness changes induced by a flickering checkerboard and compared them to blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI activity. We found that checkerboard stimulation led to a significant thickness increase, which was driven by an expansion at the gray-white matter boundary, functionally specific to V1, confined to the retinotopic representation of the checkerboard stimulus, and amounted to 1.3% or 0.022 mm. Although functional specificity and the effect size of these changes were comparable to those of the BOLD signal in V1, thickness effects were substantially weaker in V3. Furthermore, a comparison of predicted and measured thickness changes for different stimulus timings suggested a slow increase of thickness over time, speaking against a hemodynamic explanation. Altogether, our findings suggest that visual stimulation can induce structural gray matter enlargement measurable with MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zaretskaya
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Erik Fink
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Arsenovic
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anja Ischebeck
- Department of Cognitive Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
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4
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Coundouris SP, Henry JD, Lehn AC. Moving beyond emotions in Parkinson's disease. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 61:647-665. [PMID: 35048398 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emotion recognition is a fundamental neurocognitive capacity that is a critical predictor of interpersonal function and, in turn, mental health. Although people with Parkinson's disease (PD) often exhibit difficulties recognizing emotions, almost all studies to date have focused on basic emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust), with little consideration of how more cognitively complex self-conscious emotions such as contempt, embarrassment, and pride might also be affected. Further, the few studies that have considered self-conscious emotions have relied on high intensity, static stimuli. The aim of the present study was to therefore provide the first examination of how self-conscious emotion recognition is affected by PD using a dynamic, dual-intensity measure that more closely captures how emotion recognition judgements are made in daily life. METHOD People with PD (n = 42) and neurotypical controls (n = 42) completed a validated measure of self-conscious facial emotion recognition. For comparative purposes, in addition to a broader clinical test battery, both groups also completed a traditional static emotion recognition measure and a measure of self-conscious emotional experience. RESULTS Relative to controls, the PD group did not differ in their capacity to recognize basic emotions but were impaired in their recognition of self-conscious emotions. These difficulties were associated with elevated negative affect and poorer subjective well-being. CONCLUSIONS Difficulties recognizing self-conscious emotions may be more problematic for people with PD than difficulties recognizing basic ones, with implications for interventions focused on helping people with this disorder develop and maintain strong social networks. PRACTITIONER POINTS This is the first direct investigation into how the recognition of self-conscious emotion is affected in Parkinson's disease using dynamic, dual-intensity stimuli, thus providing an important extension to prior literature that has focused solely on basic emotion recognition and/or relied on static, high-intensity stimuli. Results revealed preserved basic facial emotional recognition coexisting with impairment in all three self-conscious emotions assessed, therefore suggesting that the latter stimuli type may function as a more sensitive indicator of Parkinson's disease-related social cognitive impairment. Problems with self-conscious emotion recognition in people with Parkinson's disease were associated with poorer broader subjective well-being and increased negative affect. This aligns with the broader literature linking interpersonal difficulties with poorer clinical outcomes in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah P Coundouris
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie D Henry
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alexander C Lehn
- Department of Neurology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland Princess Alexandra Hospital Clinical School, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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5
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Tremblay C, Rahayel S, Vo A, Morys F, Shafiei G, Abbasi N, Markello RD, Gan-Or Z, Misic B, Dagher A. Brain atrophy progression in Parkinson's disease is shaped by connectivity and local vulnerability. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab269. [PMID: 34859216 PMCID: PMC8633425 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain atrophy has been reported in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, but there have been few longitudinal studies. How intrinsic properties of the brain, such as anatomical connectivity, local cell-type distribution and gene expression combine to determine the pattern of disease progression also remains unknown. One hypothesis proposes that the disease stems from prion-like propagation of misfolded alpha-synuclein via the connectome that might cause varying degrees of tissue damage based on local properties. Here, we used MRI data from the Parkinson Progression Markers Initiative to map the progression of brain atrophy over 1, 2 and 4 years compared with baseline. We derived atrophy maps for four time points using deformation-based morphometry applied to T1-weighted MRI from 120 de novo Parkinson's disease patients, 74 of whom had imaging at all four time points (50 Men: 24 Women) and 157 healthy control participants (115 Men: 42 Women). In order to determine factors that may influence neurodegeneration, we related atrophy progression to brain structural and functional connectivity, cell-type expression and gene ontology enrichment analyses. After regressing out the expected age and sex effects associated with normal ageing, we found that atrophy significantly progressed over 2 and 4 years in the caudate, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus and posterior cortical regions. This progression was shaped by both structural and functional brain connectivity. Also, the progression of atrophy was more pronounced in regions with a higher expression of genes related to synapses and was inversely related to the prevalence of oligodendrocytes and endothelial cells. In sum, we demonstrate that the progression of atrophy in Parkinson's disease is in line with the prion-like propagation hypothesis of alpha-synuclein and provide evidence that synapses may be especially vulnerable to synucleinopathy. In addition to identifying vulnerable brain regions, this study reveals different factors that may be implicated in the neurotoxic mechanisms leading to progression in Parkinson's disease. All brain maps generated here are available on request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tremblay
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Shady Rahayel
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Andrew Vo
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Filip Morys
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Golia Shafiei
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Nooshin Abbasi
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Ross D Markello
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Bratislav Misic
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
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Wakasugi N, Hanakawa T. It Is Time to Study Overlapping Molecular and Circuit Pathophysiologies in Alzheimer's and Lewy Body Disease Spectra. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:777706. [PMID: 34867224 PMCID: PMC8637125 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.777706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia due to neurodegeneration and is characterized by extracellular senile plaques composed of amyloid β1 - 42 (Aβ) as well as intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of phosphorylated tau (p-tau). Dementia with Lewy bodies constitutes a continuous spectrum with Parkinson's disease, collectively termed Lewy body disease (LBD). LBD is characterized by intracellular Lewy bodies containing α-synuclein (α-syn). The core clinical features of AD and LBD spectra are distinct, but the two spectra share common cognitive and behavioral symptoms. The accumulation of pathological proteins, which acquire pathogenicity through conformational changes, has long been investigated on a protein-by-protein basis. However, recent evidence suggests that interactions among these molecules may be critical to pathogenesis. For example, Aβ/tau promotes α-syn pathology, and α-syn modulates p-tau pathology. Furthermore, clinical evidence suggests that these interactions may explain the overlapping pathology between AD and LBD in molecular imaging and post-mortem studies. Additionally, a recent hypothesis points to a common mechanism of prion-like progression of these pathological proteins, via neural circuits, in both AD and LBD. This suggests a need for understanding connectomics and their alterations in AD and LBD from both pathological and functional perspectives. In AD, reduced connectivity in the default mode network is considered a hallmark of the disease. In LBD, previous studies have emphasized abnormalities in the basal ganglia and sensorimotor networks; however, these account for movement disorders only. Knowledge about network abnormalities common to AD and LBD is scarce because few previous neuroimaging studies investigated AD and LBD as a comprehensive cohort. In this paper, we review research on the distribution and interactions of pathological proteins in the brain in AD and LBD, after briefly summarizing their clinical and neuropsychological manifestations. We also describe the brain functional and connectivity changes following abnormal protein accumulation in AD and LBD. Finally, we argue for the necessity of neuroimaging studies that examine AD and LBD cases as a continuous spectrum especially from the proteinopathy and neurocircuitopathy viewpoints. The findings from such a unified AD and Parkinson's disease (PD) cohort study should provide a new comprehensive perspective and key data for guiding disease modification therapies targeting the pathological proteins in AD and LBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Wakasugi
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Hanakawa
- Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Integrated Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Roh H, Kang J, Koh SB, Kim JH. Hippocampal volume is related to olfactory impairment in Parkinson's disease. J Neuroimaging 2021; 31:1176-1183. [PMID: 34355455 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent evidence has suggested that hyposmia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) may be due to impaired central processing. Furthermore, the hippocampus has been regarded as a critical structure linking olfactory impairment and cognitive impairment in PD patients. This study aimed to identify significant structural alterations of the hippocampus in PD patients with hyposmia, and to determine whether these structural changes are significantly associated with olfactory impairment severity. METHODS Eighteen idiopathic PD patients with hyposmia and 18 age- and sex-matched PD patients without hyposmia were enrolled. Hippocampal volume and its subfields were measured using FreeSurfer software and compared between hyposmic and normosmic PD patients. We also compared hippocampal substructures' volumes and correlated the hippocampal volumes with hyposmia severity. RESULTS PD patients with hyposmia had significantly smaller hippocampal volumes. Among the three components of the hippocampus, the hippocampal body showed a markedly lower volume, which correlated significantly with the cross-cultural smell identification test score that represents olfactory function status. Hippocampal subfield analysis showed that substructures (subiculum, molecular layer) that constitute the hippocampal body showed the most significant volume difference. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that atrophy of the bilateral hippocampus implies underlying problems in the central olfaction process in PD patients. In particular, the hippocampus might not only play a critical role in olfaction but could also be important for elucidating possible mechanisms of broad nonmotor symptoms in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haewon Roh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Kang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Koh
- Department of Neurology, Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased risk for diseases of the basal ganglia and cerebellum, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The evidence reviewed here indicates that deficits in striatal dopamine are a shared component of the causal chains that produce these disorders. Neuropsychological studies of adult ADHD, prodromal PD, and early-stage PD reveal similar deficits in executive functions, memory, attention, and inhibition that are mediated by similar neural substrates. These and other findings are consistent with the possibility that ADHD may be part of the PD prodrome. The mechanisms that may mediate the association between PD and ADHD include neurotoxic effects of stimulants, other environmental exposures, and Lewy pathology. Understanding the nature of the association between PD and ADHD may provide insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of both disorders. The possible contribution of stimulants to this association may have important clinical and public health implications.
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9
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Texture-based markers from structural imaging correlate with motor handicap in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2724. [PMID: 33526820 PMCID: PMC7851138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing need for surrogate biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Structural analysis using magnetic resonance imaging with T1-weighted sequences has the potential to quantify histopathological changes. Degeneration is typically measured by the volume and shape of morphological changes. However, these changes appear late in the disease, preventing their use as surrogate markers. We investigated texture changes in 108 individuals, divided into three groups, matched in terms of sex and age: (1) healthy controls (n = 32); (2) patients with early-stage PD (n = 39); and (3) patients with late-stage PD and severe L-dopa-related complications (n = 37). All patients were assessed in off-treatment conditions. Statistical analysis of first- and second-order texture features was conducted in the substantia nigra, striatum, thalamus and sub-thalamic nucleus. Regions of interest volumetry and voxel-based morphometry were performed for comparison. Significantly different texture features were observed between the three populations, with some showing a gradual linear progression between the groups. The volumetric changes in the two PD patient groups were not significantly different. Texture features were significantly associated with clinical scores for motor handicap. These results suggest that texture features, measured in the nigrostriatal pathway at PD diagnosis, may be useful in predicting clinical progression of motor handicap.
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10
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Wilson H, de Natale ER, Politis M. Nucleus basalis of Meynert degeneration predicts cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 179:189-205. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819975-6.00010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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11
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Lin Y, Fu Y, Zeng YF, Hu JP, Lin XZ, Cai NQ, Weng Q, Zhao YJ, Lin Y, Cao DR, Wang N. Six Visual Rating Scales as A Biomarker for Monitoring Atrophied Brain Volume in Parkinson's Disease. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1082-1090. [PMID: 33014524 PMCID: PMC7505277 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of our investigation was to determine the feasibility of using six visual rating scales as whole-brain imaging markers for monitoring atrophied brain volume in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This was a prospective cross-sectional single-center observational study. A total of 98 PD patients were enrolled and underwent an MRI scan and a battery of neuropsychological evaluations. The brain volume was calculated using the online resource MRICloud. Brain atrophy was rated based on six visual rating scales. Correlation analysis was performed between visual rating scores and brain volume and clinical features. We found a significant negative correlation between the total scores of visual rating scores and quantitative brain volume, indicating that six visual rating scales reliably reflect whole brain atrophy in PD. Multiple linear regression-based analyses indicated severer non-motor symptoms were significantly associated with higher scores on the visual rating scales. Furthermore, we performed sample size calculations to evaluate the superiority of visual rating scales; the result show that using total scores of visual rating scales as an outcome measure, sample sizes for differentiating cognition injury require significantly fewer subjects (n = 177) compared with using total brain volume (n = 2524). Our data support the use of the total visual rating scores rather than quantitative brain volume as a biomarker for monitoring cerebral atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lin
- 1Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ying Fu
- 1Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.,2Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yi-Fang Zeng
- 1Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Jian-Ping Hu
- 3Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Lin
- 4Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Nai-Qing Cai
- 1Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Qiang Weng
- 3Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yi-Jing Zhao
- 3Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yi Lin
- 1Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Dai-Rong Cao
- 3Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ning Wang
- 1Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
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12
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He H, Liang L, Tang T, Luo J, Wang Y, Cui H. Progressive brain changes in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies. Brain Res 2020; 1740:146847. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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de Schipper LJ, Hafkemeijer A, van der Grond J, Marinus J, Henselmans JML, van Hilten JJ. Regional Structural Hippocampal Differences Between Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 9:775-783. [PMID: 31524178 PMCID: PMC6839604 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-191600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are considered subtypes of the α-synucleinopathy continuum that show similar and dissimilar clinical and morphological features. Objective: To further our understanding of brain abnormalities that might differentiate both disorders more clearly, we performed quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the subcortical and cortical grey matter. Methods: Three-dimensional T1 weighted 3 tesla MR images of 14 DLB and 62 age- and gender-matched PD patients were examined to study cortical and subcortical grey matter structure. We used volumetric measurements to study total grey matter, and volumes of the pallidum, amygdala, putamen, caudate nucleus, thalamus and hippocampus. Whole-brain and structural network-based methods were used to identify local differences in grey matter and vertex-based shape analysis was used to assess focal hippocampal changes. Results: Volumetric, whole-brain and network-based analyses showed reduced hippocampal (p = 0.008) and right parahippocampal region volumes (p = 0.030) in DLB compared to PD patients. Shape analysis showed atrophy in the head and body of the right (p = 0.040) and in the head of the left (p = 0.030) hippocampus of DLB patients. Conclusion: DLB patients showed atrophy of the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus compared to PD patients with a differential involvement of the head and body of the hippocampus. Further studies should examine if these group-based findings can be used to differentiate both disorders on an individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J de Schipper
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Hafkemeijer
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Methodology and Statistics, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Marinus
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jacobus J van Hilten
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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14
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Rahayel S, Gaubert M, Postuma RB, Montplaisir J, Carrier J, Monchi O, Rémillard-Pelchat D, Bourgouin PA, Panisset M, Chouinard S, Joubert S, Gagnon JF. Brain atrophy in Parkinson's disease with polysomnography-confirmed REM sleep behavior disorder. Sleep 2020; 42:5373066. [PMID: 30854555 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate cortical and subcortical brain alterations in people with Parkinson's disease with polysomnography-confirmed rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Thirty people with Parkinson's disease, including 15 people with RBD, were recruited and compared with 41 healthy controls. Surface-based cortical and subcortical analyses were performed on T1-weighted images to investigate thickness and shape abnormalities between groups, and voxel-based and deformation-based morphometry were performed to investigate local volume. Correlations were performed in patients to investigate the structural correlates of motor activity during REM sleep. People with RBD showed cortical thinning in the right perisylvian and inferior temporal cortices and shape contraction in the putamen compared with people without RBD. Compared with controls, people with RBD had extensive cortical thinning and volume loss, brainstem volume was reduced, and shape contraction was found in the basal ganglia and hippocampus. In comparison to controls, people without RBD showed more restricted thinning in the sensorimotor, parietal, and occipital cortices, reduced volume in the brainstem, temporal and more posterior areas, and shape contraction in the pallidum and hippocampus. In Parkinson's disease, higher tonic and phasic REM sleep motor activity was associated with contraction of the thalamic surface, extensive cortical thinning, and subtle volume reduction in the middle temporal gyrus. In Parkinson's disease, the presence of RBD is associated with extensive cortical and subcortical abnormalities, suggesting more severe neurodegeneration in people with RBD. This provides potential neuroanatomical correlates for the more severe clinical phenotype reported in people with Parkinson's disease with RBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shady Rahayel
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Malo Gaubert
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ronald B Postuma
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Neurology, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jacques Montplaisir
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Julie Carrier
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Oury Monchi
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Radio-Oncology, and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - David Rémillard-Pelchat
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Bourgouin
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Michel Panisset
- Unité des troubles du mouvement André-Barbeau, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chouinard
- Unité des troubles du mouvement André-Barbeau, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sven Joubert
- Research Centre, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-François Gagnon
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Research Centre, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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15
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Rasagiline and selegiline modulate mitochondrial homeostasis, intervene apoptosis system and mitigate α-synuclein cytotoxicity in disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:131-147. [PMID: 31993732 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02150-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease has been considered as a motor neuron disease with dopamine (DA) deficit caused by neuronal loss in the substantia nigra, but now proposed as a multi-system disorder associated with α-synuclein accumulation in neuronal and non-neuronal systems. Neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease has intended to halt or reverse cell death of nigro-striatal DA neurons and prevent the disease progression, but clinical studies have not presented enough beneficial results, except the trial of rasagiline by delayed start design at low dose of 1 mg/day only. Now strategy of disease-modifying therapy should be reconsidered taking consideration of accumulation and toxicity of α-synuclein preceding the manifest of motor symptoms. Hitherto neuroprotective therapy has been aimed to mitigate non-specific risk factors; oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, deficits of neurotrophic factors (NTFs), inflammation and accumulation of pathogenic protein. Future disease-modify therapy should target more specified pathogenic factors, including deregulated mitochondrial homeostasis, deficit of NTFs and α-synuclein toxicity. Selegiline and rasagiline, inhibitors of type B monoamine oxidase, have been proved to exhibit potent neuroprotective function: regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis system, maintenance of mitochondrial function, increased expression of genes coding antioxidant enzymes, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and pro-survival NTFs, and suppression of oligomerization and aggregation of α-synuclein and the toxicity in cellular and animal experiments. However, the present available pharmacological therapy starts too late to reverse disease progression, and future disease-modifying therapy should include also non-pharmacological complementary therapy during the prodromal stage.
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16
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Gialluisi A, Reccia MG, Tirozzi A, Nutile T, Lombardi A, De Sanctis C, Varanese S, Pietracupa S, Modugno N, Simeone A, Ciullo M, Esposito T. Whole Exome Sequencing Study of Parkinson Disease and Related Endophenotypes in the Italian Population. Front Neurol 2020; 10:1362. [PMID: 31998221 PMCID: PMC6965311 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson Disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by large genetic heterogeneity and missing heritability. Since the genetic background of PD can partly vary among ethnicities and neurological scales have been scarcely investigated in a PD setting, we performed an exploratory Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis of 123 PD patients from mainland Italy, investigating scales assessing motor (UPDRS), cognitive (MoCA), and other non-motor symptoms (NMS). We performed variant prioritization, followed by targeted association testing of prioritized variants in 446 PD cases and 211 controls. Then we ran Exome-Wide Association Scans (EWAS) within sequenced PD cases (N = 113), testing both motor and non-motor PD endophenotypes, as well as their associations with Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) influencing brain subcortical volumes. We identified a variant associated with PD, rs201330591 in GTF2H2 (5q13; alternative T allele: OR [CI] = 8.16[1.08; 61.52], FDR = 0.048), which was not replicated in an independent cohort of European ancestry (1,148 PD cases, 503 controls). In the EWAS, polygenic analyses revealed statistically significant multivariable associations of amygdala- [β(SE) = -0.039(0.013); FDR = 0.039] and caudate-PRS [0.043(0.013); 0.028] with motor symptoms. All subcortical PRSs in a multivariable model notably increased the variance explained in motor (adjusted-R2 = 38.6%), cognitive (32.2%) and other non-motor symptoms (28.9%), compared to baseline models (~20%). Although, the small sample size warrants further replications, these findings suggest shared genetic architecture between PD symptoms and subcortical structures, and provide interesting clues on PD genetic and neuroimaging features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Simeone
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Ciullo
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Esposito
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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17
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Salazar RD, Moon KLM, Neargarder S, Cronin-Golomb A. Spatial judgment in Parkinson's disease: Contributions of attentional and executive dysfunction. Behav Neurosci 2020; 133:350-360. [PMID: 31294590 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Spatial judgment is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD), with previous research suggesting that disruptions in attention and executive function are likely contributors. If judgment of center places demands on frontal systems, performance on tests of attention/executive function may correlate with extent of bias in PD, and attentional disturbance may predict inconsistency in spatial judgment. The relation of spatial judgment to attention/executive function may differ for those with left-side versus right-side motor onset (LPD, RPD), reflecting effects of attentional lateralization. We assessed 42 RPD, 37 LPD, and 67 healthy control participants with a Landmark task (LM) in which a cursor moved horizontally from the right (right-LM) or left (left-LM). The task was to judge the center of the line. Participants also performed neuropsychological tests of attention and executive function. LM group differences were found on left-LM only, with both PD subgroups biased leftward of the control group (RPD p < .05; LPD p < .01; no RPD-LPD difference). For left-LM trials, extent of bias significantly correlated with performance on the cognitive tasks for PD but not for the control group. PD showed greater variability in perceived center than the control group; this variability correlated with performance on the cognitive tasks. The correlations between performance on the test of spatial judgment and the tests of attention/executive function suggest that frontal-based attentional dysfunction affects dynamic spatial judgment, both in extent of spatial bias and in consistency of response as indexed by intertrial variability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Salazar
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University
| | - Kathryn L M Moon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University
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18
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Blair JC, Barrett MJ, Patrie J, Flanigan JL, Sperling SA, Elias WJ, Druzgal TJ. Brain MRI Reveals Ascending Atrophy in Parkinson's Disease Across Severity. Front Neurol 2019; 10:1329. [PMID: 31920949 PMCID: PMC6930693 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Models which assess the progression of Lewy pathology in Parkinson's disease have proposed ascending spread in a caudal-rostral pattern. In-vivo human evidence for this theory is limited, in part because there are no biomarkers that allow for direct assessment of Lewy pathology. Here, we measured neurodegeneration via MRI, an outcome which may serve as a proxy for a more direct assessment of ascending models using a combination of (1) MRI-based measures of gray matter density and (2) regions of interest (ROIs) corresponding to cortical and subcortical loci implicated in past MRI and stereological studies of Parkinson's disease. Gray matter density was measured using brain MRI voxel-based morphometry from three cohorts: (1) early Parkinson's disease, (2) more advanced Parkinson's disease and (3) healthy controls. Early Parkinson's disease patients (N = 228, mean age = 61.9 years, mean disease duration = 0.6 years) were newly diagnosed by the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Advanced Parkinson's disease patients (N = 136, mean age = 63.5 years, mean disease duration = 8.0 years) were collected retrospectively from a local cohort undergoing evaluation for functional neurosurgery. Control subjects (N = 103, mean age = 60.2 years) were from PPMI. Comparative analyses focused on gray matter regions ranging from deep gray subcortical structures to the neocortex. ROIs were defined with existing probabilistic cytoarchitectonic brain maps. For subcortical regions of the basal forebrain, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex, advanced Parkinson's disease patients had significantly lower gray matter density when compared to both early Parkinson's disease and healthy controls. No differences were seen in neocortical regions that are "higher" in any proposed ascending pattern. Across early and advanced Parkinson's disease, gray matter density from nearly all subcortical regions significantly decreased with disease duration; no neocortical regions showed this effect. These results demonstrate that atrophy in advanced Parkinson's patients compared to early patients and healthy controls is largely confined to subcortical gray matter structures. The degree of atrophy in subcortical brain regions was linked to overall disease duration, suggesting an organized pattern of atrophy across severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie C. Blair
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Matthew J. Barrett
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - James Patrie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Joseph L. Flanigan
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Scott A. Sperling
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - W. Jeffrey Elias
- Brain Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - T. Jason Druzgal
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Brain Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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19
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Manzanera OM, Meles SK, Leenders KL, Renken RJ, Pagani M, Arnaldi D, Nobili F, Obeso J, Oroz MR, Morbelli S, Maurits NM. Scaled Subprofile Modeling and Convolutional Neural Networks for the Identification of Parkinson’s Disease in 3D Nuclear Imaging Data. Int J Neural Syst 2019; 29:1950010. [DOI: 10.1142/s0129065719500102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown remarkable results in different image classification tasks, including medical imaging. One area that has been less explored with CNNs is Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) is a PET technique employed to obtain a representation of brain metabolic function. In this study we employed 3D CNNs in FDG-PET brain images with the purpose of discriminating patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD) from controls. We employed Scaled Subprofile Modeling using Principal Component Analysis as a preprocessing step to focus on specific brain regions and limit the number of voxels that are used as input for the CNNs, thereby increasing the signal-to-noise ratio in our data. We performed hyperparameter optimization on three CNN architectures to estimate the classification accuracy of the networks on new data. The best performance that we obtained was [Formula: see text] and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [Formula: see text] on the test set. We believe that, with larger datasets, PD patients could be reliably distinguished from controls by FDG-PET scans alone and that this technique could be applied to more clinically challenging tasks, like the differential diagnosis of neurological disorders with similar symptoms, such as PD, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Martinez Manzanera
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne K. Meles
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus L. Leenders
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Remco J. Renken
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Pagani
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via S. Martino della Battaglia, 44-00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1,9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dario Arnaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Opthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Science (DINOGMI), University of Genoa Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS AOU San Martino — IST, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavio Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Opthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Science (DINOGMI), University of Genoa Largo Paolo Daneo 3, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS AOU San Martino — IST, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jose Obeso
- CINAC, HM Puerta del Sur, Avda. de Carlos V 70, 28938 Móstoles (Madrid), Spain
- CEU Universidad San Pablo, C/Julián Romea 18, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto Carlos III, C/Valderrebollo 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Rodriguez Oroz
- Department of Neurosciences, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Begiristain Doktorea Pasealekua, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- IRCCS AOU San Martino — IST, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Natasha M. Maurits
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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20
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Kubera KM, Schmitgen MM, Nagel S, Hess K, Herweh C, Hirjak D, Sambataro F, Wolf RC. A search for cortical correlates of trait impulsivity in Parkinson´s disease. Behav Brain Res 2019; 369:111911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Burciu RG, Vaillancourt DE. Imaging of Motor Cortex Physiology in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2018; 33:1688-1699. [PMID: 30280416 PMCID: PMC6261674 DOI: 10.1002/mds.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is abundant evidence that the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is not confined to the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway but propagates along the cortico‐basal ganglia‐thalamo‐cortical neural network. A critical node in this functional circuit impacted by PD is the primary motor cortex (M1), which plays a key role in generating neural impulses that regulate movements. The past several decades have lay witness to numerous in vivo neuroimaging techniques that provide a window into the function and structure of M1. A consistent observation from numerous studies is that during voluntary movement, but also at rest, the functional activity of M1 is altered in PD relative to healthy individuals, and it relates to many of the motor signs. Although this abnormal functional activity can be partially restored with acute dopaminergic medication, it continues to deteriorate with disease progression and may predate structural degeneration of M1. The current review discusses the evidence that M1 is fundamental to the pathophysiology of PD, as measured by neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography, single‐photon emission computed tomography, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and functional and structural MRI. Although novel treatments that target the cortex will not cure PD, they could significantly slow down and alter the progressive course of the disease and thus improve clinical care for this degenerative disease. © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana G Burciu
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - David E Vaillancourt
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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22
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De Micco R, Russo A, Tessitore A. Structural MRI in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 141:405-438. [PMID: 30314605 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Among modern neuroimaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely available, non-invasive, and cost-effective method to detect structural and functional abnormalities related to neurodegenerative disorders. In the last decades, MRI have been widely implemented to support PD diagnosis as well as to provide further insights into motor and non-motor symptoms pathophysiology, complications and treatment-related effects. Different aspects of the brain morphology and function may be derived from a single scan, by applying different analytic approaches. Biomarkers of neurodegeneration as well as tissue microstructural changes may be extracted from structural MRI techniques. In this chapter, we analyze the role of structural imaging to differentiate PD patients from controls and to define neural substrates of motor and non-motor PD symptoms. Evidence collected in the premotor PD phase will be also critically discussed. White matter as well as gray matter integrity imaging studies has been reviewed, aiming to highlight points of strength and limits to their potential application in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa De Micco
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy; MRI Research Center SUN-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy; MRI Research Center SUN-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tessitore
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy; MRI Research Center SUN-FISM, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy.
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23
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Ruitenberg MFL, Wu T, Averbeck BB, Chou KL, Koppelmans V, Seidler RD. Impulsivity in Parkinson's Disease Is Associated With Alterations in Affective and Sensorimotor Striatal Networks. Front Neurol 2018; 9:279. [PMID: 29755401 PMCID: PMC5932175 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) experiences problems with impulse control, characterized by a loss of voluntary control over impulses, drives, or temptations regarding excessive hedonic behavior. The present study aimed to better understand the neural basis of such impulse control disorders (ICDs) in PD. We collected resting-state functional connectivity and structural MRI data from 21 PD patients with ICDs and 30 patients without such disorders. To assess impulsivity, all patients completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and performed an information-gathering task. MRI results demonstrated substantial differences in neural characteristics between PD patients with and without ICDs. Results showed that impulsivity was linked to alterations in affective basal ganglia circuitries. Specifically, reduced frontal–striatal connectivity and GPe volume were associated with more impulsivity. We suggest that these changes affect decision making and result in a preference for risky or inappropriate actions. Results further showed that impulsivity was linked to alterations in sensorimotor striatal networks. Enhanced connectivity within this network and larger putamen volume were associated with more impulsivity. We propose that these changes affect sensorimotor processing such that patients have a greater propensity to act. Our findings suggest that the two mechanisms jointly contribute to impulsive behaviors in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tina Wu
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bruno B Averbeck
- National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kelvin L Chou
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Vincent Koppelmans
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rachael D Seidler
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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24
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Magnetic resonance imaging and tensor-based morphometry in the MPTP non-human primate model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180733. [PMID: 28738061 PMCID: PMC5524324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder producing a variety of motor and cognitive deficits with the causes remaining largely unknown. The gradual loss of the nigrostriatal pathway is currently considered the pivotal pathological event. To better understand the progression of PD and improve treatment management, defining the disease on a structural basis and expanding brain analysis to extra-nigral structures is indispensable. The anatomical complexity and the presence of neuromelanin, make the use of non-human primates an essential element in developing putative imaging biomarkers of PD. To this end, ex vivo T2-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired from control and 1-methyl-4 phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated marmosets. Volume measurements of the caudate, putamen, and substantia nigra indicated significant atrophy and cortical thinning. Tensor-based morphometry provided a more extensive and hypothesis free assessment of widespread changes caused by the toxin insult to the brain, especially highlighting regional cortical atrophy. The results highlight the importance of developing imaging biomarkers of PD in non-human primate models considering their distinct neuroanatomy. It is essential to further develop these biomarkers in vivo to provide non-invasive tools to detect pre-symptomatic PD and to monitor potential disease altering therapeutics.
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25
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Tsiouris KM, Rigas G, Gatsios D, Antonini A, Konitsiotis S, Koutsouris DD, Fotiadis DI. Predicting rapid progression of Parkinson's Disease at baseline patients evaluation. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017; 2017:3898-3901. [PMID: 29060749 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The rate of Parkinson's Disease (PD) progression in the initial post-diagnosis years can vary significantly. In this work, a methodology for the extraction of the most informative features for predicting rapid progression of the disease is proposed, using public data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) and machine learning techniques. The aim is to determine if a patient is at risk of expressing rapid progression of PD symptoms from the baseline evaluation and as close to diagnosis as possible. By examining the records of 409 patients from the PPMI dataset, the features with the best predictive value at baseline patient evaluation are found to be sleep problems, daytime sleepiness and fatigue, motor symptoms at legs, cognition impairment, early axial and facial symptoms and in the most rapidly advanced cases speech issues, loss of smell and affected leg muscle reflexes.
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