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Reyes-Montes MDR, Duarte-Escalante E, Frías-De-León MG, Pérez-Rodríguez A, Meraz-Ríos B. Impact of Climate Change on Dermatophytosis. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89664-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sasagawa Y. Internal environment of footwear is a risk factor for tinea pedis. J Dermatol 2019; 46:940-946. [PMID: 31436337 PMCID: PMC6900014 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The relation between tinea pedis and the internal environment of footwear has not been scientifically proven. This study aimed to determine whether the internal environment of footwear affects the incidence of tinea pedis and tinea unguium. This cross-sectional, observatory study involved 420 outpatients who were categorized into non-tinea, tinea pedis or tinea unguium groups based on mycological analysis. External climatic conditions, and temperature, humidity and dew points inside the patients' footwear were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine independent risk factors for tinea pedis and tinea unguium. A significant correlation was found between high temperature/high humidity and dew point of the internal environment of the footwear and the season. Furthermore, those who wore footwear with internal environments characterized by high temperature, high humidity, high-temperature/high-humidity and high dew point values had a significantly higher incidence of tinea pedis. The internal dew point correlated with the incidence of tinea pedis, whereas the external temperature correlated with the incidence of tinea unguium. The internal humidity and dew point of footwear as well as the frequency with which footwear with a high-temperature/high-humidity internal environment were worn was significantly higher in men than in women. In conclusion, the internal environment of footwear is a risk factor for tinea pedis, and this environment is affected by the season. Moreover, the frequency of tinea pedis among men is related to the internal environment of footwear. The dew point is an appropriate index for evaluating temperature and humidity in relation to tinea pedis.
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The Association between Tinea Pedis and Feet-Washing Behavior in Patients with Diabetes: A Cross-sectional Study. Adv Skin Wound Care 2017; 30:510-516. [PMID: 29049259 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000525903.07883.8f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the correlations between elements of feet-washing behavior, presence of tinea pedis (TP), and patients' background characteristics in order to identify a concrete intervention method to prevent TP. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study of 30 patients with diabetes (16 with TP) who were admitted to or visited the university hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The presence of TP was confirmed by the detection of dermatophytes by direct microscopy. Data on elements of feet-washing behavior, such as scrubbing between the toes, were collected by observing recorded videos of participants normally washing their feet as they do at home. The patients' background characteristics included demographic data; diabetes-related factors; patient knowledge regarding diabetes, foot problems, and TP prevention; purpose for feet washing; and any difficulties in feet washing. MAIN RESULTS The number of times patients scrubbed between their toes while washing with soap was significantly lower in patients with TP (odds ratio, 0.95; P = .036; with a cutoff value of 35 times) and those who had difficulty in reaching their feet with their hands (B = -14.42, P = .041). CONCLUSIONS An effective foot-washing protocol should include specific instructions for patients to scrub between their toes at least 35 times in all 8 spaces while washing with soap. Appropriate advice is also needed for individuals who have difficulty reaching their feet with their hands. Education about appropriate foot-washing behavior may potentially prevent TP.
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Goto T, Nakagami G, Takehara K, Nakamura T, Kawashima M, Tsunemi Y, Sanada H. Examining the accuracy of visual diagnosis of tinea pedis and tinea unguium in aged care facilities. J Wound Care 2017; 26:179-183. [PMID: 28379097 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.4.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of visual diagnosis of tinea pedis (Athlete's foot) and tinea unguium (fungal nail infection), as well as to provide information on skin abnormalities that could help identify these diseases in aged care facilities (long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and nursing homes). METHOD A multicentre, cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a LTCF and two nursing homes. A dermatologist observed the skin abnormalities in the participants' interdigital and plantar areas, to screen for tinea pedis, and in the participants' toenails, to screen for tinea unguium. If abnormalities were noted, samples such as scales or toenails were collected and examined using direct microscopy. The accuracy of the macroscopic observation for each skin abnormality was examined. RESULTS A total of 173 residents were recruited. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis using macroscopic observation was relatively low. The sensitivities and specificities for clinical diagnosis were 0.37 and 0.95 for tinea pedis in the interdigital areas, 0.47 and 0.94 for tinea pedis in the plantar areas, and 0.80 and 0.61 for tinea unguium in toenails, respectively. Scales in the plantar areas and discoloration of the toenails were more frequently observed in residents with tinea pedis and tinea unguium than in those without them. CONCLUSION Several skin abnormalities were observed in the residents recruited in this study, but there was insufficient correlation with tinea pedis and tinea unguium to be used for screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Goto
- PhD student, Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; Global Leadership Initiative for an Age-Friendly Society, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Nakagami
- Lecturer, Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Takehara
- Lecturer, Department of Advanced Clinical Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Physician, Shukokai Medical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Kawashima
- Professor, Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Tsunemi
- Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Sanada
- Professor, Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Takehara K, Amemiya A, Mugita Y, Tsunemi Y, Seko Y, Ohashi Y, Ueki K, Kadowaki T, Oe M, Nagase T, Ikeda M, Sanada H. Association between Washing Residue on the Feet and Tinea Pedis in Diabetic Patients. Nurs Res Pract 2015; 2015:872678. [PMID: 25793125 PMCID: PMC4352499 DOI: 10.1155/2015/872678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinea pedis (TP) may lead to the development of foot ulcers in diabetic patients; thus, its prevention in diabetic patients is important. TP occurs after dermatophytes on the skin scales of TP patients attach to the feet. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the scales and dermatophytes, and this can be performed using various methods, including foot washing. This study aimed to objectively examine the association between the presence of TP and foot-washing habits. We included 33 diabetic patients, and, of these, 17 had TP. The presence of washing residue on the feet was determined by applying a fluorescent cream to the participants' feet, and images of the feet were captured under ultraviolet light before and after foot washing. Our results showed that diabetic patients with TP had higher levels of washing residue on their feet than those without TP. The importance of washing feet to prevent TP needs to be emphasized through educational programs for diabetic patients. Furthermore, the development of an effective foot-washing technique is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimie Takehara
- Department of Nursing Administration, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ayumi Amemiya
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuko Mugita
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Tsunemi
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yoko Seko
- The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yumiko Ohashi
- The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Makoto Oe
- Department of Advanced Nursing Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagase
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mari Ikeda
- Department of Nursing Administration, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sanada
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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