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Calatayud DG, Lledos M, Casarsa F, Pascu SI. Functional Diversity in Radiolabeled Nanoceramics and Related Biomaterials for the Multimodal Imaging of Tumors. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2023; 3:389-417. [PMID: 37876497 PMCID: PMC10591303 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology advances have the potential to assist toward the earlier detection of diseases, giving increased accuracy for diagnosis and helping to personalize treatments, especially in the case of noncommunicative diseases (NCDs) such as cancer. The main advantage of nanoparticles, the scaffolds underpinning nanomedicine, is their potential to present multifunctionality: synthetic nanoplatforms for nanomedicines can be tailored to support a range of biomedical imaging modalities of relevance for clinical practice, such as, for example, optical imaging, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET). A single nanoparticle has the potential to incorporate myriads of contrast agent units or imaging tracers, encapsulate, and/or be conjugated to different combinations of imaging tags, thus providing the means for multimodality diagnostic methods. These arrangements have been shown to provide significant improvements to the signal-to-noise ratios that may be obtained by molecular imaging techniques, for example, in PET diagnostic imaging with nanomaterials versus the cases when molecular species are involved as radiotracers. We surveyed some of the main discoveries in the simultaneous incorporation of nanoparticulate materials and imaging agents within highly kinetically stable radio-nanomaterials as potential tracers with (pre)clinical potential. Diversity in function and new developments toward synthesis, radiolabeling, and microscopy investigations are explored, and preclinical applications in molecular imaging are highlighted. The emphasis is on the biocompatible materials at the forefront of the main preclinical developments, e.g., nanoceramics and liposome-based constructs, which have driven the evolution of diagnostic radio-nanomedicines over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. Calatayud
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Department
of Electroceramics, Instituto de Cerámica
y Vidrio, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Marina Lledos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Casarsa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
- Centre
of Therapeutic Innovations, University of
Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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2
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Conte L, De Nunzio G, Lupo R, Mieli M, Lezzi A, Vitale E, Carriero MC, Calabrò A, Carvello M, Rubbi I, Federico M. Breast Cancer Prevention: The Key Role of Population Screening, Breast Self-Examination (BSE) and Technological Tools. Survey of Italian Women. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:1728-1742. [PMID: 37400725 PMCID: PMC10509132 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common tumor among women worldwide and still remains the leading cause of death in women in Italy. Although survival from this pathology has increased, this disease and its treatment can have lasting or delayed effects that can greatly affect a woman's quality of life. Primary and secondary prevention are currently the best strategies to combat this cancer: improved lifestyle, early adherence to screening, Breast Self-Examination (BSE), and even now the use of technology, have become among the most important tools to ensure increasingly early diagnosis of this disease, which is a major cause of suffering and premature mortality in women. Indeed, early diagnosis of the disease can lead to a good prognosis and a high survival rate. This study investigates the attitude of Italian women to perform clinical checkups aimed at cancer prevention, particularly adherence to free screening programs offered by the National Health Service (NHS) for women in the 50-69 age group. The knowledge, use and emotional approach toward BSE as a screening tool and the use of dedicated apps for this purpose are also investigated. Low adherence to screening programs, lack of BSE practice, and nonuse of dedicated apps are just some of the results observed in this study. Therefore, it becomes essential to spread the culture of prevention, cancer awareness and the importance of screening throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Conte
- Laboratory of Biomedical Physics and Environment, Department of Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi", University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research Applied to Medicine, University of Salento, Local Health Authority, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giorgio De Nunzio
- Laboratory of Biomedical Physics and Environment, Department of Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi", University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research Applied to Medicine, University of Salento, Local Health Authority, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Roberto Lupo
- "San Giuseppe da Copertino" Hospital, Local Health Authority, Lecce, Italy
| | - Matilde Mieli
- C.R.A.P. Comunità Riabilitativa Assistenziale Psichiatrica, Taurisano, Italy
| | - Alessia Lezzi
- ANT Italia ONLUS Foundation (National Cancer Association), Lecce, Italy
| | - Elsa Vitale
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Authority, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Calabrò
- "Nuovo Ospedale Degli Infermi" Hospital, Local Health Authority, Biella, Italy
| | - Maicol Carvello
- Brisighella Community Hospital, Local Health Authority, Romagna, Italy
| | - Ivan Rubbi
- School of Nursing, University of Bologna, Faenza, Italy
| | - Massimo Federico
- Breast Unit City of Lecce Hospital, Gruppo Villa Maria (GVM) Care & Research, Lecce, Italy
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Wen Z, Liu T, Zhang Y, Yue Q, Meng H, He Y, Yang Y, Li M, Zheng J, Lin W. Salidroside regulates tumor microenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer via Hsp70/Stub1/Foxp3 pathway in Tregs. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:717. [PMID: 37528345 PMCID: PMC10391887 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is challenging due to immune tolerance and evasion. Salidroside (SAL) is an extract in traditional Chinese medicine and has a potential antitumor effect. However, the mechanism of SAL in regulating the immunological microenvironment of NSCLC is yet to be clarified. METHODS The mouse model with Lewis lung cancer cell line (3LL) in C57BL/6 mice was established. And then, the percentage of tumor-infiltrating T cell subsets including Treg was detected in tumor-bearing mice with or without SAL treatment. In vitro, the effect of SAL on the expression of IL-10, Foxp3 and Stub1 and the function of Treg were detected by flow cytometry. Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking software were used to predict the target of SAL and intermolecular interaction. Furthermore, the effect of SAL on the expression of Hsp70 and the co-localization of Stub1-Foxp3 in Treg was confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal laser microscopy. Finally, Hsp70 inhibitor was used to verify the above molecular expression. RESULTS We discovered that SAL treatment inhibits the growth of tumor cells by decreasing the percentage of tumor-infiltrated CD4+Foxp3+T cells. SAL treatment downregulates the expression of Foxp3 in Tregs, but increases the expression of Stub1, an E3 ubiquitination ligase upstream of Foxp3, and the expression of Hsp70. Inhibiting the expression of Hsp70 reverses the inhibition of SAL on Foxp3 and disrupts the colocalization of Stub1 and Foxp3 in the nucleus of Tregs. CONCLUSIONS SAL inhibits tumor growth by regulating the Hsp70/stub1/Foxp3 pathway in Treg to suppress the function of Treg. It is a new mechanism of SAL for antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Wen
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiujuan Yue
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hang Meng
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yijie He
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University &Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianwen Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China.
- School of Clinical and Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University &Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Critical-care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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Draganic D, Wangen KR. The effect of physician density on colorectal cancer stage at diagnosis: causal inference methods for spatial data applied on regional-level data. Int J Health Geogr 2023; 22:1. [PMID: 36658603 PMCID: PMC9850813 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-023-00323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) through regular screening decreases its incidence and mortality rates and improves survival rates. Norway has an extremely high percentage of CRC cases diagnosed at late stages, with large variations across municipalities and hospital catchment areas. This study examined whether the availability of physicians related to CRC primary diagnosis and preoperative investigations, or physician density, contributes to the observed geographical differences in late-stage incidence rates. METHOD Municipality-level data on CRC stage at diagnosis were obtained from the Cancer Registry of Norway for the period 2012-2020. Physician density was calculated as the number of physicians related to CRC investigations, general practitioners (GPs) and specialists per 10,000 people, using physician counts per municipality and hospital areas from Statistics Norway. The relationship was examined using a novel causal inference method for spatial data-neighbourhood adjustment method via spatial smoothing (NA approach)-which allowed for studying the region-level effect of physician supply on CRC outcome by using spatially referenced data and still providing causal relationships. RESULTS According to the NA approach, an increase in one general practitioner per 10,000 people will result in a 3.6% (CI -0.064 to -0.008) decrease in late-stage CRC rates. For specialists, there was no evidence of a significant correlation with late-stage CRC distribution, while for both groups, GPs and specialists combined, an increase of 1 physician per 10,000 people would be equal to an average decrease in late-stage incidence rates by 2.79% (CI -0.055 to -0.001). CONCLUSION The study confirmed previous findings that an increase in GP supply will significantly improve CRC outcomes. In contrast to previous research, this study identified the importance of accessibility to both groups of physicians-GPs and specialists. If GPs encounter insufficient workforces in hospitals and long delays in colonoscopy scheduling, they will less often recommend colonoscopy examinations to patients. This study also highlighted the efficiency of the novel methodology for spatially referenced data, which allowed us to study the effect of physician density on cancer outcomes within a causal inference framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Draganic
- Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Knut Reidar Wangen
- Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Pethuraj MS, Aboobaider BBM, Salahuddin LB. Analyzing
CT
images for detecting lung cancer by applying the computational intelligence‐based optimization techniques. Comput Intell 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/coin.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Kennedy K, Hulbert A, Pasquinelli M, Feldman LE. Impact of CT screening in lung cancer: Scientific evidence and literature review. Semin Oncol 2022; 49:S0093-7754(22)00053-7. [PMID: 36114033 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of lung cancer has improved significantly in recent years however, lung cancer remains as a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Lung cancer screening has been explored, over the past several decades, as a means of reducing lung cancer mortality, to identify asymptomatic disease when it is potentially curable. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) established that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans of the chest can be instrumental in reducing lung cancer mortality but the criteria for screening implemented in this trial may not be equitably sensitive across racial and sex subpopulations. Furthermore, the high false detection rate reported in this trial has raised concerns regarding overdiagnosis with LDCT alone. The aim of this review is to summarize the history of lung cancer screening trials, limitations of lung cancer screening, the impact of alternative risk prediction models in reducing disparities, and the use of biomarkers in conjunction with imaging to improve diagnostic authenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Kennedy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alicia Hulbert
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Section of Hematology/Oncology, Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mary Pasquinelli
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lawrence E Feldman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Section of Hematology/Oncology, Medical Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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7
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Wang J, Xia Q, Zhu F, Huang W, Meng Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Li H, Sun B. Effects of Acupuncture on Adverse Events in Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pain Ther 2022; 11:1095-1112. [PMID: 35922617 PMCID: PMC9633895 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-022-00415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acupuncture has gradually penetrated into many disciplines in clinical medicine, such as surgery, anesthesia, and outpatient examinations. Although a number of clinical trials have investigated the effects of acupuncture on colonoscopy, the results were inconsistent. In this meta-analysis, we analyzed the effects of acupuncture on colonoscopy to provide evidence for subsequent research and clinical application of acupuncture in colonoscopy. METHODS This meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.4 and Stata version 16 software. The primary outcome was the incidence of adverse events, and the secondary outcomes included patients' anxiety score before colonoscopy, time to insert the colonoscope, total detection time, propofol consumption, patients' pain score, and patient satisfaction rate. RESULTS The results showed that the incidence of adverse events (odds ratio [OR] 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.16-0.43, P = 0.00, I2 = 25%), patients' pain score (mean difference [MD] - 1.03, 95% CI - 1.45 to - 0.62, P = 0.00, I2 = 94%), and time to insert the colonoscope (MD = - 2.54, 95% CI - 4.96 to - 0.13, P = 0.04, I2 = 0%) were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group. Compared with the control group, the satisfaction rate of patients (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.56-4.10, P = 0.00, I2 = 47%) in the treatment group was significantly improved. There was no significant between-group difference in patients' anxiety score, the total detection time, and propofol dosage. CONCLUSIONS During colonoscopy, acupuncture can significantly reduce the incidence of adverse events, relieve patients' pain, and improve patient satisfaction. REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number CRD42022324428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyi Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijun Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hulun Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China. .,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Health Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Quagliarini E, Digiacomo L, Caputo D, Coppola A, Amenitsch H, Caracciolo G, Pozzi D. Magnetic Levitation of Personalized Nanoparticle-Protein Corona as an Effective Tool for Cancer Detection. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091397. [PMID: 35564106 PMCID: PMC9104194 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Unprecedented opportunities for early stage cancer detection have recently emerged from the characterization of the personalized protein corona (PC), i.e., the protein cloud that surrounds nanoparticles (NPs) upon exposure to a patients’ bodily fluids. Most of these methods require “direct characterization” of the PC., i.e., they necessitate protein isolation, identification, and quantification. Each of these steps can introduce bias and affect reproducibility and inter-laboratory consistency of experimental data. To fulfill this gap, here we develop a nanoparticle-enabled blood (NEB) test based on the indirect characterization of the personalized PC by magnetic levitation (MagLev). The MagLev NEB test works by analyzing the levitation profiles of PC-coated graphene oxide (GO) NPs that migrate along a magnetic field gradient in a paramagnetic medium. For the test validation, we employed human plasma samples from 15 healthy individuals and 30 oncological patients affected by four cancer types, namely breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Over the last 15 years prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and PDAC have continuously been the second, third, and fourth leading sites of cancer-related deaths in men, while breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and PDAC are the second, third and fourth leading sites for women. This proof-of-concept investigation shows that the sensitivity and specificity of the MagLev NEB test depend on the cancer type, with the global classification accuracy ranging from 70% for prostate cancer to an impressive 93.3% for PDAC. We also discuss how this tool could benefit from several tunable parameters (e.g., the intensity of magnetic field gradient, NP type, exposure conditions, etc.) that can be modulated to optimize the detection of different cancer types with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Quagliarini
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.Q.); (L.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Luca Digiacomo
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.Q.); (L.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Damiano Caputo
- Department of Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy;
- General Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Coppola
- General Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.Q.); (L.D.); (G.C.)
| | - Daniela Pozzi
- NanoDelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.Q.); (L.D.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Gómez-Cortés JC, Díaz-Carmona JJ, Padilla-Medina JA, Calderon AE, Gutiérrez AIB, Gutiérrez-López M, Prado-Olivarez J. Electrical Impedance Tomography Technical Contributions for Detection and 3D Geometric Localization of Breast Tumors: A Systematic Review. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040496. [PMID: 35457801 PMCID: PMC9025021 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Impedance measuring acquisition systems focused on breast tumor detection, as well as image processing techniques for 3D imaging, are reviewed in this paper in order to define potential opportunity areas for future research. The description of reported works using electrical impedance tomography (EIT)-based techniques and methodologies for 3D bioimpedance imaging of breast tissues with tumors is presented. The review is based on searching and analyzing related works reported in the most important research databases and is structured according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) parameters and statements. Nineteen papers reporting breast tumor detection and location using EIT were systematically selected and analyzed in this review. Clinical trials in the experimental stage did not produce results in most of analyzed proposals (about 80%), wherein statistical criteria comparison was not possible, such as specificity, sensitivity and predictive values. A 3D representation of bioimpedance is a potential tool for medical applications in malignant breast tumors detection being capable to estimate an ap-proximate the tumor volume and geometric location, in contrast with a tumor area computing capacity, but not the tumor extension depth, in a 2D representation.
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10
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Son D, Phillips J, Mehta TS, Mehta R, Brook A, Dialani VM. Patient preferences regarding use of contrast-enhanced imaging for breast cancer screening. Acad Radiol 2022; 29 Suppl 1:S229-S238. [PMID: 33846061 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Our purpose is to understand patient preferences towards contrast-enhanced imaging such as CEM or MRI for breast cancer screening. METHODS AND MATERIALS An anonymous survey was offered to all patients having screening mammography at a single academic institution from December 27 th 2019 to March 6 th 2020. Survey questions related to: (1) patients' background experiences (2) patients' concern for aspects of MRI and CEM measured using a 5-point Likert scale, and (3) financial considerations. RESULTS 75% (1011/1349) patients completed the survey. 53.0% reported dense breasts and of those, 47.6% had additional screening. 49.6% had experienced a callback, 29.0% had a benign biopsy, and 13.7% had prior CEM/MRI. 34.7% were satisfied with mammography for screening. A majority were neutral or not concerned with radiation exposure, contrast allergy, IV line placement, claustrophobia, and false positive exams. 54.7% were willing to pay at least $250-500 for screening MRI. Those reporting dense breasts were less satisfied with mammography for screening (p<0.001) and willing to pay more for MRI (p<0.001). If patients had prior CEM/MRI, there was less concern for an allergic reaction (p<0.001), IV placement (p=0.025), and claustrophobia (p=0.006). There was less concern for false positives if they had a prior benign biopsy (p=0.029) or prior CEM/MRI (p=0.005) and less concern for IV placement if they had dense breasts (p=0.007) or a previous callback (p=0.013). CONCLUSION The screening population may accept CEM or MRI as a screening exam despite its risks and cost, especially patients with dense breasts and patients who have had prior CEM/MRI.
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11
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Zheng H, Chen C. Downregulation of CacyBP by CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB Prevents Bladder Cancer Progression. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:692941. [PMID: 34179100 PMCID: PMC8226165 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.692941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. CacyBP is initially described as a binding partner of calcyclin and has been shown to be involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, protein ubiquitination, cytoskeletal dynamics and tumorigenesis. In the present study, we found that CacyBP expression was significantly upregulated in BCa tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, its expression was negatively correlated with overall survival time. Secondly, CacyBP had higher expressions in BCa cell lines than normal urothelial cells which was consistent with the results of BCa tissues. Finally, knockdown of CacyBP by CRIPSR-dCas9-KRAB in T24 and 5,637 BCa cells inhibited cell proliferation and migration by CCK-8 assay and scratch assay, and promoted apoptosis by caspase-3/ELISA. These data elucidate that CacyBP is an important oncogene contributing to malignant behavior of BCa and provide a potentially molecular target for treatment of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiong Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chiheng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Cui S, Zhang X, Zou R, Ye F, Wang Y, Sun J. MLH1 Exon 12 Gene Deletion Leading to Lynch Syndrome: A Case Report. Oncol Res Treat 2021; 44:414-421. [PMID: 34091457 DOI: 10.1159/000516659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Deleterious heterozygous mutation of the MLH1 gene is an important cause of Lynch syndrome (LS), an autosomal dominant cancer caused by functional defects in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) complex. CASE REPORT The proband was a 35-year-old patient with confirmed colorectal cancer (CRC). Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining revealed the absence of MLH1 and PMS2 expression in the colorectal tissue specimens of the patient. Genetic counselling and tumor gene testing were performed using next-generation sequencing technology. The genetic tumor verification report showed the deletion of 4 bases in exon 12 of the tested MLH1 gene and a transcoding mutation. To our knowledge, this germline splice site mutation of MLH1 has not been reported before. The proband accepted several therapeutic regimens including PD-1 inhibitor and ultimately died of multiple organ failure. CONCLUSION Nonsense mutations and frameshift mutations of MMR genes are the most common causes of LS. Common mutations include those in MSH2, MLH1, MSH6, and PMS2. We report a mutation of MLH1 that has never been reported before. We recommend that patients with a history of colon or rectal cancer receive universal MMR or MSI testing and checkpoint inhibitor therapy for the first-line treatment of deficient MMR CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruihan Zou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Ye
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Xie FW, Liu JC. LncRNA SNHG12 regulates the miR-101-3p/CUL4B axis to mediate the proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:664-674. [PMID: 34002487 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. SNHG12 has been identified in multiple types of malignant tumors. However, the role of SNHG12 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poorly characterized, and the relevant underlying mechanism remains unclear. The expression levels of SNHG12, miR-101-3p, and CUL4B in collected human NSCLC tumor tissues and NSCLC cell lines were tested via qRT-PCR. Then, NSCLC cellular proliferation, migration and invasion were determined, followed by MTT, scratch and Transwell assays. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA pulldown assays were adopted to explore the target site. Moreover, western blotting was performed to detect the relevant protein expression concerning the CUL4B/PI3K/AKT pathway. This study clarified that SNHG12 knockdown significantly reduced proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of NSCLC cells. Our data indicated that SNHG12 targeted and negatively regulated miR-101-3p, and this depletion reversed the inhibitory effect of si-SNHG12 on NSCLC cells. Furthermore, CUL4B was confirmed as a functional target of miR-101-3p, and its knockdown resulted in a strong alleviation of the NSLCL cell phenotype, which was enhanced by the silencing of miR-101-3p. Mechanistically, we found that SNHG12 regulated miR-101-3p to modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway mediated by CUL4B.These observations suggested that lncRNA SNHG12-mediated miR-101-3p downregulation regulated the malignant phenotype of NSCLC cells by targeting CUL4B through the PI3K/AKT pathway, which may present a path to novel therapeutic strategies for NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Wen Xie
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ji-Chun Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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14
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Application of circulating genetically abnormal cells in the diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 148:685-695. [PMID: 33893839 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03648-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The early detection of lung cancer is crucial for the diagnosis of this disease. Therefore, an effective and noninvasive method for the early diagnosis of lung cancer is urgently needed. METHODS To evaluate the diagnostic performance of circulating genetically abnormal cells (CACs) in early lung cancer, a total of 63 participants who completed CAC detection by Zhuhai SanMed Biotech Inc. and obtained pathological results from January to December 2020 were included in our study; 50 patients had lung cancer and 13 patients had benign lung disease. The levels of lung cancer-related markers in peripheral blood and the chest computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of these patients were collected before pathological acquisition. RESULTS The positive rate of CAC was 90.0% in the lung cancer group and 23.1% in the benign lung disease group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of CAC was 0.837, the sensitivity was 90%, and the specificity was 76.9%. The area under the ROC curve and sensitivity were both higher than those of the combined or single serum tumor marker test. CONCLUSIONS This study preliminarily concludes that the CAC test, as a noninvasive test, has high sensitivity and specificity for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. This test is expected to help with the early detection of disease in lung cancer patients.
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15
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Zhao Y, Cai C, Zhang M, Shi L, Wang J, Zhang H, Ma P, Li S. Ephrin-A2 promotes prostate cancer metastasis by enhancing angiogenesis and promoting EMT. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2013-2023. [PMID: 33772606 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ephrin-A2, a member of the Eph receptor subgroup, is used in diagnosing and determining the prognosis of prostate cancer. However, the role of ephrin-A2 in prostate cancer is remains elusive. METHODS We established stable clones overexpressing or silencing ephrin-A2 from prostate cancer cells. Then, CCK-8 was used in analyzing the proliferation ability of cells. CD31 staining was used in evaluating angiogenesis. Migration and invasion assay were conducted in vivo and in vitro. The expression of EMT-related markers was evaluated in prostate cancer cells through Western blotting. RESULTS We revealed that the ectopic expression of ephrin-A2 in prostate cancer cells facilitated cell migration and invasion in vitro and promoted tumor metastasis and angiogenesis in vivo and that the silencing of ephrin-A2 completely reversed this effect. Although ephrin-A2 did not affect tumor cell proliferation in vitro, ephrin-A2 significantly promoted primary tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, to determine the biological function of ephrin-A2, we assayed the expression of EMT-related markers in stable-established cell lines. Results showed that the overexpression of ephrin-A2 in prostate cancer cells down-regulated the expression of epithelial markers (ZO-1, E-cadherin, and claudin-1) and up-regulated the expression of mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin, β-catenin, vimentin, Slug, and Snail), but the knocking out of ephrin-A2 opposed the effects on the expression of EMT markers. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that ephrin-A2 promotes prostate cancer metastasis by enhancing angiogenesis and promoting EMT and may be a potentially therapeutic target in metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chenchen Cai
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Lubing Shi
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Haoliang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| | - Shibao Li
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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16
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Fatima K, Mohsin F, Rao MO, Alvi MI. Mammographic Breast Density in Pakistani Women, Factors Affecting It, and Inter-Observer Variability in Assessment. Cureus 2021; 13:e14050. [PMID: 33898136 PMCID: PMC8059668 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast density on mammography can affect the sensitivity of breast cancer detection and is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer in Pakistani women is reported to be the highest among women in Asia. No published data is describing the patterns of mammographic breast density in this population. We undertook this study to assess the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) patterns of breast density on mammography, factors that affect breast density, and inter-observer variability in breast density assessment. Methods Bilateral breast mammograms were retrospectively reviewed for breast density by two separate readers (resident and attending radiologist). Breast density was categorized into four types according to the BI-RADS lexicon. Types 1 and 2 were grouped into non-dense and types 3 and 4 into dense breasts. The association of patient factors with breast density was assessed, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The inter-observer variability in breast density assessment between the two readers was calculated using Cohen's κ coefficient. Results A total of 612 women underwent mammography in the study period. Type 3 (heterogeneously dense breast parenchyma) was the most frequent pattern (51.6%) followed by type 2 (scattered fibroglandular) pattern (38.9%). Fatty parenchyma (type 1) and extremely dense parenchyma (type 4) were the least common. Breast density was inversely related to age (p < 0.001) and parity (p <0.002). Breast density was also lower in postmenopausal women (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in mean age at menarche, age at first delivery, family history of breast cancer, or presence of cancer among women with dense and non-dense breasts. The inter-observer agreement was almost perfect (κ = 0.86). Conclusion The majority of women in our population (56.9%) had dense breasts (BI-RADS type 3 and 4) which decrease the sensitivity of breast cancer detection on mammography suggesting it may be insufficient as the sole screening/diagnostic tool in this population. Lower breast density was associated with increasing age, parity, and post-menopausal status. Breast density assessment was almost perfect among the resident and attending radiologist.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farwa Mohsin
- Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK
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17
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Khanna U, Galimberti F, Li Y, Fernandez AP. Dermatomyositis and malignancy: should all patients with dermatomyositis undergo malignancy screening? ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:432. [PMID: 33842653 PMCID: PMC8033297 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disease that occurs in association with underlying malignancy in a subset of patients. Given this association, diagnosis of dermatomyositis typically triggers malignancy screening. Although various malignancy screening protocols have been proposed, none have been extensively studied or taken into account prevalence of dermatomyositis-associated malignancies. We utilized peer-reviewed manuscripts identified by a Medline search from May 2000 to April 2020 to present a focused review concerning the association between dermatomyositis and malignancy, and controversies related to screening for malignancies most commonly occurring in dermatomyositis patients. This information was then synthesized to propose a rational strategy for approaching malignancy screening in dermatomyositis patients. Our review supports that risk of malignancy in dermatomyositis patients is well-established. However, the subset of dermatomyositis patients in whom the benefits of malignancy screening outweigh the risks of harm is unknown. Additionally, an evidence-based malignancy screening protocol for dermatomyositis patients that optimizes the risk:benefit ratio does not exist. Given the clear harms that can result, we propose that shared decision-making strategies be implemented to determine whether pursuit of malignancy screening conforms with dermatomyositis patients’ desires and values. Physicians should be clear about potential risks and benefits of malignancy screening, and discuss clinical and serologic features present that may suggest/refute underlying malignancy during conversations aimed at shared decision-making. Research is greatly needed to determine which dermatomyositis patients warrant malignancy screening, which tests should be performed, and the intensity with which they should be ordered. Only after such work is done can malignancy screening in dermatomyositis patients be considered to have high value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmi Khanna
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fabrizio Galimberti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anthony P Fernandez
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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18
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Shah A, Polascik TJ, George DJ, Anderson J, Hyslop T, Ellis AM, Armstrong AJ, Ferrandino M, Preminger GM, Gupta RT, Lee WR, Barrett NJ, Ragsdale J, Mills C, Check DK, Aminsharifi A, Schulman A, Sze C, Tsivian E, Tay KJ, Patierno S, Oeffinger KC, Shah K. Implementation and Impact of a Risk-Stratified Prostate Cancer Screening Algorithm as a Clinical Decision Support Tool in a Primary Care Network. J Gen Intern Med 2021; 36:92-99. [PMID: 32875501 PMCID: PMC7858708 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-06124-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementation methods of risk-stratified cancer screening guidance throughout a health care system remains understudied. OBJECTIVE Conduct a preliminary analysis of the implementation of a risk-stratified prostate cancer screening algorithm in a single health care system. DESIGN Comparison of men seen pre-implementation (2/1/2016-2/1/2017) vs. post-implementation (2/2/2017-2/21/2018). PARTICIPANTS Men, aged 40-75 years, without a history of prostate cancer, who were seen by a primary care provider. INTERVENTIONS The algorithm was integrated into two components in the electronic health record (EHR): in Health Maintenance as a personalized screening reminder and in tailored messages to providers that accompanied prostate-specific antigen (PSA) results. MAIN MEASURES Primary outcomes: percent of men who met screening algorithm criteria; percent of men with a PSA result. Logistic repeated measures mixed models were used to test for differences in the proportion of individuals that met screening criteria in the pre- and post-implementation periods with age, race, family history, and PSA level included as covariates. KEY RESULTS During the pre- and post-implementation periods, 49,053 and 49,980 men, respectively, were seen across 26 clinics (20.6% African American). The proportion of men who met screening algorithm criteria increased from 49.3% (pre-implementation) to 68.0% (post-implementation) (p < 0.001); this increase was observed across all races, age groups, and primary care clinics. Importantly, the percent of men who had a PSA did not change: 55.3% pre-implementation, 55.0% post-implementation. The adjusted odds of meeting algorithm-based screening was 6.5-times higher in the post-implementation period than in the pre-implementation period (95% confidence interval, 5.97 to 7.05). CONCLUSIONS In this preliminary analysis, following implementation of an EHR-based algorithm, we observed a rapid change in practice with an increase in screening in higher-risk groups balanced with a decrease in screening in low-risk groups. Future efforts will evaluate costs and downstream outcomes of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ariel Schulman
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Maimonides Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christina Sze
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Kae Jack Tay
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,SingHealth, Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Marín-Romero S, Jara-Palomares L. Screening for occult cancer: where are we in 2020? Thromb Res 2020; 191 Suppl 1:S12-S16. [PMID: 32736769 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(20)30390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer has become an area of intense debate due to the importance and the potential benefits of the identification of occult cancer following the diagnosis of unprovoked VTE. At present, extended screening is not recommended in patients with unprovoked VTE. However, if we were able to identify a group at greater risk of presenting cancer during follow-up, these patients would benefit from extended screening. The creation of a trans-organ screening model enables the unification of metrics of quality in the screening of cancer in different localizations. Likewise, it can incorporate cancer screening for other localizations or other specific situations of risk such as unprovoked VTE. This study summarizes the contribution of the Population-based Research Optimizing Screening through Personalized Regimens (PROSPR) initiative aimed at improving the cancer screening process. Likewise, we have carried out an updated review of unprovoked VTE and occult cancer. Finally, we discuss the studies currently ongoing aimed at identifying the population at greatest risk of presenting cancer during follow-up. The identification of this population at high risk could help to determine the following steps to undertake in order to implement screening in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Marín-Romero
- Medical Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Virgen del Rocio Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Jara-Palomares
- Medical Surgical Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Virgen del Rocio Hospital, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Song N, Li P, Song P, Li Y, Zhou S, Su Q, Li X, Yu Y, Li P, Feng M, Zhang M, Lin W. MicroRNA-138-5p Suppresses Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting PD-L1/PD-1 to Regulate Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:540. [PMID: 32754587 PMCID: PMC7365935 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still challenging for treatment owing to immune tolerance and evasion. MicroRNA-138 (miR-138) not only acts as a tumor suppressor to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration but also regulates immune response. The regulatory mechanism of miR-138 in NSCLC remains not very clear. Herein, we demonstrated that miR-138-5p treatment decreased the growth of tumor cells and increased the number of tumor-infiltrated DCs. miR-138-5p not only down-regulated the expression of cyclin D3 (CCND3), CCD20, Ki67, and MCM in A549/3LL cells, but also regulated the maturation of DCs in A549-bearing nude mice and the 3LL-bearing C57BL/6 mouse model, and DCs’ capability to enhance T cells to kill tumor cells. Furthermore, miR-138-5p was found to target PD-L1 to down-regulate PD-L1 on tumor cells to reduce the expression of Ki67 and MCM in tumor cells and decrease the tolerance effect on DCs. miR-138-5p also directly down-regulates the expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 on DCs and T cells. Similar results were obtained from isolated human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and DCs. Thus, miR-138-5p inhibits tumor growth and activates the immune system by down-regulating PD-1/PD-L1 and it is a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Song
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Pingping Song
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Yintao Li
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Shuping Zhou
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Qinghong Su
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Departments of Medicine, Tibet Nationalities University, Xianyang, China
| | - Meng Feng
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Departments of Medicine, Tibet Nationalities University, Xianyang, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical School, Jinan, China
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21
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Dumitras DC, Petrus M, Bratu AM, Popa C. Applications of Near Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy for Analysis of Human Respiration: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E1728. [PMID: 32283766 PMCID: PMC7180475 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, applications of near-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy are presented as an opportunity to evaluate human respiration because the measurement of breath is fast, intact and simple to implement. Recently, analytical methods for measuring biomarkers in exhaled air have been extensively developed. With laser-based photoacoustic spectroscopy, volatile organic compounds can be identified with high sensitivity, at a high rate, and with very good selectivity. The literature review has shown the applicability of near-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy to one of the problems of the real world, i.e., human health. In addition, the review will consider and explore different breath sampling methods for human respiration analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan C. Dumitras
- University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Physics Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mioara Petrus
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Laser Department, 409 Atomistilor St., PO Box MG 36, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.P.); (A.-M.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Ana-Maria Bratu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Laser Department, 409 Atomistilor St., PO Box MG 36, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.P.); (A.-M.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristina Popa
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Laser Department, 409 Atomistilor St., PO Box MG 36, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.P.); (A.-M.B.); (C.P.)
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22
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Dash C, Yu J, Nomura S, Lu J, Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Adams-Campbell LL. Obesity is an initiator of colon adenomas but not a promoter of colorectal cancer in the Black Women's Health Study. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:291-302. [PMID: 32124186 PMCID: PMC7144805 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence for the association of anthropometrics with colorectal neoplasms is limited for African Americans. METHODS We examined anthropometric measures with both colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in the ongoing Black Women's Health Study. In a nested case-control analysis, 954 cases of colorectal adenoma were compared with 3,816 polyp-free controls, matched on age and follow-up time. For the CRC analyses, 413 incident CRC cases were identified over a 16-year follow-up (802,783 person-years). Adenoma cases and CRC were verified by medical record review. We used multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses (for adenoma) and Cox proportional hazards analyses (for CRC) that included anthropometric exposures and selected confounders. RESULTS Overall body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric factors were not associated with colorectal adenoma or cancer risk in Black women. However, increased risk of adenoma (but not CRC) was observed among especially related to adenomas in the proximal colon. Among women ≥ 50 years of age, risk of proximal adenoma increased 14% (95% CI 1.00, 1.31), 35% (95% CI 1.12, 1.63), and 25% (0.93, 1.68) with each standard deviation increase in BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio, respectively. None of the anthropometric factors were associated with young onset CRC or adenoma risk. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that obesity might be an initiator for colon adenomas but not a promoter for colorectal cancer among Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjeev Dash
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1000 New Jersey Ave SE, Washington, DC, 20003, USA
| | - Jeffrey Yu
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Nomura
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jiachen Lu
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lucile L Adams-Campbell
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1000 New Jersey Ave SE, Washington, DC, 20003, USA.
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A novel ultrasensitive sandwich-type photoelectrochemical immunoassay for PSA detection based on dual inhibition effect of Au/MWCNTs nanohybrids on N-GQDs/CdS QDs dual sensitized urchin-like TiO2. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang W, Shi J, Cheng C, Wang H. CircTIMELESS regulates the proliferation and invasion of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells via the miR-136-5p/ROCK1 axis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5962-5971. [PMID: 31960961 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies demonstrate that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are critical regulators of the occurrence and progression of tumors. However, research on the involvement of circRNAs in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is limited. In our study, circTIMELESS (also named hsa_circ_0000408 in the Human circRNA Database) was upregulated in both LUSC tissues and LUSC cells, and circTIMELESS expression was positively associated with the TNM stage. Moreover, circTIMELESS silencing markedly suppressed invasion in vitro and disrupted proliferation in vitro as well as in vivo. Additional investigations have shown that circTIMELESS functions as a miR-136-5p "sponge" and regulates miR-136-5p expression. Furthermore, the impact of miR-136-5p upregulation was consistent with the results of circTIMELESS silencing, both of which inhibited the proliferation and invasion of LUSC cells. Additional results showed that Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) is targeted by miR-136-5p. The results of recovery experiments showed that ROCK1 overexpression partly rescued the impact of circTIMELESS silencing and miR-136-5p upregulation on proliferation and invasion. Consequently, our findings confirmed that circTIMELESS exists in LUSC and acts as a tumor promoter through the miR-136-5p/ROCK1 axis. Based on these findings, circTIMELESS may be potentially utilized as a therapeutic target for LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuanhao Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huaqi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Binju M, Amaya-Padilla MA, Wan G, Gunosewoyo H, Suryo Rahmanto Y, Yu Y. Therapeutic Inducers of Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1786. [PMID: 31766284 PMCID: PMC6896143 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancers remain one of the most common causes of gynecologic cancer-related death in women worldwide. The standard treatment comprises platinum-based chemotherapy, and most tumors develop resistance to therapeutic drugs. One mechanism of developing drug resistance is alterations of molecules involved in apoptosis, ultimately assisting in the cells' capability to evade death. Thus, there is a need to focus on identifying potential drugs that restore apoptosis in cancer cells. Here, we discuss the major inducers of apoptosis mediated through various mechanisms and their usefulness as potential future treatment options for ovarian cancer. Broadly, they can target the apoptotic pathways directly or affect apoptosis indirectly through major cancer-pathways in cells. The direct apoptotic targets include the Bcl-2 family of proteins and the inhibitor of apoptotic proteins (IAPs). However, indirect targets include processes related to homologous recombination DNA repair, micro-RNA, and p53 mutation. Besides, apoptosis inducers may also disturb major pathways converging into apoptotic signals including janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-Catenin, mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET)/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/v-AKT murine thymoma viral oncogene homologue (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Several drugs in our review are undergoing clinical trials, for example, birinapant, DEBIO-1143, Alisertib, and other small molecules are in preclinical investigations showing promising results in combination with chemotherapy. Molecules that exhibit better efficacy in the treatment of chemo-resistant cancer cells are of interest but require more extensive preclinical and clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudra Binju
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Curtin Health Innovative Research Institute, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Monica Angelica Amaya-Padilla
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Curtin Health Innovative Research Institute, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Graeme Wan
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Curtin Health Innovative Research Institute, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Hendra Gunosewoyo
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Curtin Health Innovative Research Institute, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Yohan Suryo Rahmanto
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yu Yu
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Curtin Health Innovative Research Institute, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- University of Western Australia Medical School, Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Kuo CN, Liao YM, Kuo LN, Tsai HJ, Chang WC, Yen Y. Cancers in Taiwan: Practical insight from epidemiology, treatments, biomarkers, and cost. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 119:1731-1741. [PMID: 31522970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death in Taiwan, and the overall incidence rate has gradually increased. The four most common cancers in Taiwan are colorectal, lung, breast and liver cancers. With the rise in incidence, the clinical use and costs of all anticancer drugs have steadily increased. The costs of novel therapeutics, such as targeted therapies and immunotherapy were accounted almost two-third of all antineoplastic agents in Taiwan. Moving forward, it will be necessary to discuss the economic impacts to clinical use of new therapeutics, while continuing to monitor and improve the quality of cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the epidemiology, disease screening policies and medication treatment policies for colorectal, lung, breast and liver cancer. We focus on the recent developments in cancer therapeutics, discuss the use of biomarkers, and finally consider the costs and the recent advances of anticancer medications in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Nan Kuo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Liao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Na Kuo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yun Yen
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rim SH, Hall IJ, Massetti GM, Thomas CC, Li J, Richardson LC. Primary Care Providers' Intended Use of Decision Aids for Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing for Prostate Cancer Screening. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2019; 34:666-670. [PMID: 29582364 PMCID: PMC6158108 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Decision aids are tools intended to help people weigh the benefits and harms of a health decision. We examined primary care providers' perspective on use of decision aids and explored whether providers' beliefs and interest in use of a decision aid was associated with offering the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for early detection of prostate cancer. Data were obtained from 2016 DocStyles, an annual, web-based survey of U.S. healthcare professionals including primary care physicians (n = 1003) and nurse practitioners (n = 253). We found that the majority of primary care providers reported not using (patient) decision aids for prostate cancer screening, but were interested in learning about and incorporating these tools in their practice. Given the potential of decision aids to guide in informed decision-making, there is an opportunity for evaluating existing decision aids for prostate cancer screening for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Rim
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA.
| | - Ingrid J Hall
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Greta M Massetti
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Cheryll C Thomas
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Lisa C Richardson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS F-76, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
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Tseng TS, Gross T, Celestin MD, Dang W, Young L, Kao YH, Li M, Smith DL, Bok LR, Fuloria J, Moody-Thomas S. Knowledge and attitudes towards low dose computed tomography lung cancer screening and smoking among African Americans-a mixed method study. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:S431-S442. [PMID: 35117119 PMCID: PMC8797997 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.04.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to investigate knowledge, attitudes, and smoking cessation needs for African Americans who receive low dose computed tomography (LDCT) in an effort to reduce the health burden of lung cancer. Methods A mixed method study was conducted among African Americans who received LDCT. Data were gathered using a self-administered questionnaire and structured in-depth interview. Descriptive statistics were used to provide summary information on knowledge, attitude and smoking behaviors. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interview data. The sample size for both the quantitative and qualitative approach was fifteen. Results The results showed that 73% of participants were male, the mean age was 61.8 (SD =4.6) years old, and 66.7% of participants had an income less than $20,000. Eighty percent had an education level of high school or below and 73.3% were overweight or obese. Smoking history was long (mean years =39 SD =14.9), but the number of cigarettes smoked per day was low (mean =9.2 SD =7.3), and 64% of the patients had a low nicotine dependence. Assessment of knowledge and attitudes towards LDCT revealed that participants had a moderate/lower knowledge score (mean =4.3 SD =2.6), and most had a positive attitude. All participants planned to quit smoking, with 73% planning to quit within the next 6 months. Similar findings were also observed in the qualitative analysis. Conclusions African Americans who receive LDCT lung cancer screening in this study have a moderate/lower knowledge score and positive attitude towards LDCT. Most were not heavy smokers and had a lower nicotine dependence. Understanding the factors associated with smoking cessation among at-risk African American smokers will help reduce disparities in lung cancer burden, and is important to improve health for medically underserved minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Sung Tseng
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tyra Gross
- Xavier University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Michael D Celestin
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Wendy Dang
- Xavier University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lucretia Young
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mirandy Li
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - David L Smith
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Leonard R Bok
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jyotsna Fuloria
- University Medical Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sarah Moody-Thomas
- LSU Health New Orleans School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Wei S, Zheng Y, Jiang Y, Li X, Geng J, Shen Y, Li Q, Wang X, Zhao C, Chen Y, Qian Z, Zhou J, Li W. The circRNA circPTPRA suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transitioning and metastasis of NSCLC cells by sponging miR-96-5p. EBioMedicine 2019; 44:182-193. [PMID: 31160270 PMCID: PMC6604667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) are prevalent, lethal cancers with especially grim prospects due to late-stage detection and chemoresistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that participate in tumor development. However, the role of circRNAs in NSCLC is not well known. This study investigated the role of one circRNA - circPTPRA- in NSCLC and characterized its molecular mechanism of action. METHODS circPTPRA expression was analyzed in human NSCLC tumors and matched healthy lung tissue. We performed functional characterization in NSCLC cell lines and a mouse xenograft model of NSCLC to elucidate the molecular role of circPTPRA in epithelial-mesenchymal transitioning (EMT). We also assessed the regulatory action of circPTPRA on the microRNA miR-96-5p and its target the tumor suppressor Ras association domain-containing protein 8 (RASSF8). FINDINGS circPTPRA was significantly downregulated in NSCLC tumors relative to matched healthy lung tissue. Lower circPTPRA levels correlated with metastasis and inferior survival outcomes in NSCLC patients. circPTPRA suppressed EMT in NSCLC cell lines and reduced metastasis in the murine xenograft model by sequestering miR-96-5p and upregulating RASSF8. Correlation analyses in patient-derived NSCLC tumor specimens supported the involvement of the circPTPRA/miR-96-5p/RASSF8/E-cadherin axis dysregulation in NSCLC tumor progression. INTERPRETATION circPTPRA suppresses EMT and metastasis of NSCLC cell lines by sponging miR-96-5p, which upregulates the downstream tumor suppressor RASSF8. The circPTPRA/miR-96-5p/RASSF8/E-cadherin axis can be leveraged as a potential treatment avenue in NSCLC. FUND: The Key research and development projects of Anhui Province (201904a0720079), the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (1908085MH240), the Graduate Innovation Program of Bengbu Medical College (Byycx1843), the National Natural Science Foundation of Tibet (XZ2017ZR-ZY033) and the Science and Technology Project of Shannan (SNKJYFJF2017-3) and Academic Subsidy Project for Top Talents in Universities of Anhui in 2019 (gxbjZD16).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Wei
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Yanru Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Jian Geng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, 233004, China
| | - Yuanbing Shen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Chengling Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Zhongqing Qian
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, China
| | - Jihong Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, 233004, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease in Anhui, Bengbu 233004, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, 233004, China.
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Wang T, Wang X, Du Q, Wu N, Liu X, Chen Y, Wang X. The circRNA circP4HB promotes NSCLC aggressiveness and metastasis by sponging miR-133a-5p. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:904-911. [PMID: 31005252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) continues to top the list of cancer mortalities worldwide. The role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tumorigenesis has been increasingly appreciated, although it is relatively unexplored in NSCLC. Herein, we report on the role of circP4HB in NSCLC. METHODS First, we evaluated circP4HB levels in patient-derived NSCLC tissue versus paired healthy samples. Next, we conducted experiments in vitro in NSCLC cell-lines and in vivo in a murine xenograft NSCLC model to assess the impact of circP4HB on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and metastasis in vivo. The downstream impact of circP4HB on the microRNA miR-133a-5p, and its target the EMT marker vimentin, were also evaluated. RESULTS NSCLC tumor specimens exhibited higher circP4HB levels in comparison to paired healthy lung samples and was associated with metastatic disease and poorer survival. circP4HB promoted EMT and vimentin expression in vitro and xenograft metastasis in vivo through sequestration of miR-133a-5p. CONCLUSION circP4HB enhances EMT and metastatic disease through miR-133a-5p sequestration, leading to upregulation of vimentin. Therefore, these findings advocate targeting the circP4HB/miR-133a-5p/vimentin axis as a potential therapeutic option for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qianyu Du
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xincheng Liu
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Department of Respiration, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China.
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Lei Q, Wang Y, Dong W, Sun H, Lv J, Li H. Self-powered electrochromic sensing for visual determination of PSA in serum using PB as an indicator. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Huang X, Zhang W, Shao Z. Prognostic and diagnostic significance of circRNAs expression in lung cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18459-18465. [PMID: 30895620 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Weiyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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Screening Mammography Findings in Women With Chronic Kidney Disease on a Renal Transplant Waiting List. Clin Breast Cancer 2019; 19:e433-e439. [PMID: 30837172 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of breast cancer has been reported to be increased in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, breast cancer screening is stated to be mandatory. However, it is as yet unclear what age group or what type of breast structure indicate a need for mammography. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of age and breast parenchymal density on mammography findings. The rate of detection of calcification from mammographies increased in dialysis patients with CKD. The associations of calcifications with comorbid pathologies were also evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were divided into the two age groups of 40 to 49.9 years and ≥ 50 years. The patients were asked about smoking habits, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, the pathology that caused CKD, state of hemodialysis, and, if relevant, the type and duration of dialysis. RESULTS The mean age of the 55 patients included in this study was 54.8 years, and 78.2% (n = 43) were ≥ 50 years old. The rate of malignancy across the entire group was 3.6%. No association was found between breast arterial calcification and cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, state of dialysis, duration of dialysis, and breast parenchymal density in any age group. CONCLUSION A pretransplantation evaluation of CKD patients may include a breast screening program for patients aged 40 to 49.9 and for the patients aged ≥ 50. Breast parenchymal density was demonstrated to have no effect on the findings, and no association was found between calcifications and comorbid pathologies.
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Owens OL, Felder T, Tavakoli AS, Revels AA, Friedman DB, Hughes-Halbert C, Hébert JR. Evaluation of a Computer-Based Decision Aid for Promoting Informed Prostate Cancer Screening Decisions Among African American Men: iDecide. Am J Health Promot 2019; 33:267-278. [PMID: 29996666 DOI: 10.1177/0890117118786866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of iDecide on prostate cancer knowledge, informed decision-making self-efficacy, technology use self-efficacy, and intention to engage in informed decision-making among African American men. DESIGN One-group, pretest/posttest. SETTING Community settings in South Carolina. PARTICIPANTS African American men, ages 40 years +, without a prior prostate cancer diagnosis (n = 354). INTERVENTION iDecide, an embodied conversational agent-led, computer-based prostate cancer screening decision aid. MEASURES Prostate cancer knowledge, informed decision-making self-efficacy, technology use self-efficacy, and intention to engage in informed decision-making. ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics, paired t tests, general linear modeling, Spearman correlations. RESULTS On average, participants experienced significant improvements in their prostate cancer knowledge ( P ≤ .001), informed decision-making self-efficacy ( P ≤ .001), and technology use self-efficacy ( P ≤ .001), postintervention. Additionally, 67% of participants reported an intention to engage in informed decision-making. CONCLUSION Given the significant improvements across all measures, this research demonstrates that embodied conversational agent-led decision aids can be used to enhance the capacity for making informed prostate cancer screening decisions among African American men and increase their technology use self-efficacy. One critical limitation of this study is that most men had received prostate cancer screening prior to engaging in our intervention, so the implications of this intervention may be different for men who do not have a history of screening. Additionally, actual engagement in informed decision-making postintervention was not assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otis L Owens
- 1 College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,2 Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Tisha Felder
- 2 Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,3 College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Abbas S Tavakoli
- 3 College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Asa A Revels
- 4 Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Daniela B Friedman
- 4 Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Chanita Hughes-Halbert
- 5 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- 2 Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Long noncoding RNA CYTOR sponges miR-195 to modulate proliferation, migration, invasion and radiosensitivity in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181599. [PMID: 30487160 PMCID: PMC6435535 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) play critical roles in cancer initiation and progression. Previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of cytoskeleton regulator RNA (CYTOR) predicates poor prognosis and promotes tumor progression. However, the functional roles and underlying mechanism of CYTOR in NSCLC remain unknown. In the present study, we found that CYTOR promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability, and induced radioresistance in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, CYTOR could directly interact with miR-195 and increase its targets. Thus, CYTOR played an oncogenic role in NSCLC progression through sponging miR-195. Together, our study elucidates the role of CYTOR as a microRNA sponge in NSCLC, and CYTOR may be used as a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
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Qi Y, Zhang B, Wang J, Yao M. Upregulation of circular RNA hsa_circ_0007534 predicts unfavorable prognosis for NSCLC and exerts oncogenic properties in vitro and in vivo. Gene 2018; 676:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Valean S, Chira R, Dumitrascu D. Epidemiological trends in digestive cancers in Romania, 1955-2012, compared to alcohol consumption. Correlation or coincidence? CLUJUL MEDICAL (1957) 2018; 91:376-386. [PMID: 30564012 PMCID: PMC6296719 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cancer has emerged as the leading cause of death in human populations. The contribution of alcohol has been highly suspected. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the time trend of digestive cancers in Romania, in terms of mortality rates (1955-2012), and incidence rates (2008-2012), and the alcohol consumption data (1961-2010), aiming to find out if there is any association. METHODS The data on six more common digestive cancers mortality rates (1955-2012) and incidence rates (2008-2012) were obtained from the historical and recent country statistics and publications of International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)/World Health Organisation (WHO), as age-standardized rate expressed per 100,000 population (ASRw). Data on alcohol consumption were obtained from the statistics and publications of WHO and United European Gastroenterology (UEG), as liters of pure alcohol/year. RESULTS Between 1955-2012, the ASRw of mortality registered an increase of the cancers of the esophagus in M (from 2.03 to 3.90), and of colorectal cancer in both sexes (from 4.65 to 18.20 in M, and from 4.57 to 9.70 in F). Between 1980-2012, an increasing trend of mortality was registered, in both sexes, for the cancers of the pancreas (from 5.50 to 9.30 in M and from 2.92 to 5.10 in F) and liver (from 1.77 to 11.00, in M, and from 0.83 to 4.20 in F). In terms of incidence, between 2008-20012, an increasing trend of ASRw was registered for the cancers of the esophagus in M (from 3.90 to 4.30), gastric cancer in M (from 15.90 to 16.30), colorectal cancer in both sexes (from 27.60 to 34.50 in M and from 19.00 to 20.20 in F), pancreatic cancer in F (form 5.20 to 5.90), and liver cancer in M (from 8.10 to 9.20). Alcohol consumption per capita (liters pure alcohol/year) increased in the same period, from an average of 5 in 1961, to 12.8 in 2003-2005, and to 14.4 in 2008-2010. CONCLUSIONS Given the parallel increase of some digestive cancers and alcohol consumption registered in our area, alcohol could represent more than a coincidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Valean
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; County Emergency Clinical Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romeo Chira
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; County Emergency Clinical Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Dumitrascu
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; County Emergency Clinical Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Label-free distinction between p53+/+ and p53 -/- colon cancer cells using a graphene based SERS platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 118:108-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Wengert GJ, Helbich TH, Kapetas P, Baltzer PA, Pinker K. Density and tailored breast cancer screening: practice and prediction - an overview. Acta Radiol Open 2018; 7:2058460118791212. [PMID: 30245850 PMCID: PMC6144518 DOI: 10.1177/2058460118791212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammography, as the primary screening modality, has facilitated a substantial
decrease in breast cancer-related mortality in the general population. However,
the sensitivity of mammography for breast cancer detection is decreased in women
with higher breast densities, which is an independent risk factor for breast
cancer. With increasing public awareness of the implications of a high breast
density, there is an increasing demand for supplemental screening in these
patients. Yet, improvements in breast cancer detection with supplemental
screening methods come at the expense of increased false-positives, recall
rates, patient anxiety, and costs. Therefore, breast cancer screening practice
must change from a general one-size-fits-all approach to a more personalized,
risk-based one that is tailored to the individual woman’s risk, personal
beliefs, and preferences, while accounting for cost, potential harm, and
benefits. This overview will provide an overview of the available breast density assessment
modalities, the current breast density screening recommendations for women at
average risk of breast cancer, and supplemental methods for breast cancer
screening. In addition, we will provide a look at the possibilities for a
risk-adapted breast cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg J Wengert
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas H Helbich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Panagiotis Kapetas
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pascal At Baltzer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katja Pinker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Radiology, Breast Imaging Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Liu T, Song Z, Gai Y. Circular RNA circ_0001649 acts as a prognostic biomarker and inhibits NSCLC progression via sponging miR-331-3p and miR-338-5p. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1503-1509. [PMID: 30029881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence documented the key functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various malignancies. However, the study regarding the involvement of circRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has just begun. In the present study, qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression of circ_0001649 in NSCLC tissues and cells. Its clinical significance was further assessed by Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model. Additionally, loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments were carried out to detect the functional role of circ_0001649 in cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, animal study was performed to confirm the in vitro results. Importantly, luciferase reporter assay was induced to reveal the underlying mechanism of circ_0001649. As a result, circ_0001649 was decreased in NSCLC tissues and cells and this downregulation is correlated with advanced TNM stage, positive lymph node metastasis and unfavorable prognosis. Additionally, circ_0001649 inhibited cell growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. In mechanism, circ_0001649 was identified as the sponge of miR-331-3p and miR-338-5p. Moreover, the biological functions of circ_0001649 is partly dependent on its regulation on miR-331-3p and miR-338-5p. Collectively, this study suggested that circ_0001649/miR-331-3p/miR-338-5p regulatory signaling might be a potential target for NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongmiao Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, 161000, China.
| | - Zhuo Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, 161000, China
| | - Yanling Gai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, 161000, China
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Lepore SJ, Nair RG, Davis SN, Wolf RL, Basch CE, Thomas N, Shmukler C, Ullman R. Patient and Physician Factors Associated with Undisclosed Prostate Cancer Screening in a Sample of Predominantly Immigrant Black Men. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 19:1343-1350. [PMID: 27449217 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Medical guidelines do not recommend prostate cancer screening, particularly without informed and shared decision making. This study investigates undisclosed opportunistic screening using prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing in black immigrant and African American men. Participants (N = 142) were insured urban men, 45- to 70-years old. Patients' reports of testing were compared with medical claims to assess undisclosed PSA testing. Most (94.4 %) men preferred to share in screening decisions, but few (46.5 %) were aware PSA testing was performed. Four factors predicted being unaware of testing: low formal education, low knowledge about prostate cancer, no intention to screen, and no physician recommendation (all p's < .05). Undisclosed PSA testing was common. Both patient and provider factors increased risk of being uninformed about prostate cancer screening. Interventions combining patient education and physician engagement in shared decision making may better align practice with current prostate cancer screening guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Lepore
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, 957 Ritter Annex, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Rasmi G Nair
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1301 Cecil B. Moore Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Stacy N Davis
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behaviors, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Randi L Wolf
- Department of Health and Behavioral Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 West 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Charles E Basch
- Department of Health and Behavioral Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 West 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Nigel Thomas
- 1199SEIU Benefit and Pension Funds, 330 W. 42nd Street, New York, NY, 10036, USA
| | - Celia Shmukler
- 1199SEIU Benefit and Pension Funds, 330 W. 42nd Street, New York, NY, 10036, USA
| | - Ralph Ullman
- 1199SEIU Benefit and Pension Funds, 330 W. 42nd Street, New York, NY, 10036, USA
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Immune Condition of Colorectal Cancer Patients Featured by Serum Chemokines and Gene Expressions of CD4+ Cells in Blood. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:7436205. [PMID: 29992127 PMCID: PMC6016223 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7436205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC), the most common malignancy worldwide, causes inflammation. We explored the inflammatory pathophysiology of CRC by assessing the peripheral blood parameters. METHODS The differences in gene expression profiles of whole blood cells and cell subpopulations between CRC patients and healthy controls were analyzed using DNA microarray. Serum cytokine/chemokine concentrations in CRC patients and healthy controls were measured via multiplex detection immunoassays. In addition, we explored correlations between the expression levels of certain genes of peripheral CD4+ cells and serum chemokine concentrations. RESULTS The gene expression profiles of peripheral CD4+ cells of CRC patients differed from those of healthy controls, but this was not true of CD8+ cells, CD14+ cells, CD15+ cells, or CD19+ cells. Serum IL-8 and eotaxin-1 levels were significantly elevated in CRC patients, and the levels substantially correlated with the expression levels of certain genes of CD4+ cells. Interestingly, the relationships between gene expression levels in peripheral CD4+ cells and serum IL-8 and eotaxin-1 levels resembled those of monocytes/macrophages, not T cells. CONCLUSIONS Serum IL-8 and eotaxin-1 concentrations increased and were associated with changes in the gene expression of peripheral CD4+ cells in CRC patients.
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Yu J, Fang Q, Meng S. Knockdown of Long Noncoding RNA ENST457720 Inhibits Proliferation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Oncol Res 2018; 27:47-53. [PMID: 29495976 PMCID: PMC7848414 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15193843443255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. More and more reports have identified important roles for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer development. ENST457720 expression was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma in a microarray-based lncRNA screen. We determined the expression levels of ENST457720 in NSCLC tissues with quantitative real-time PCR and then studied their clinical significance. We explored the biological significance of ENST457720 with gain- and loss-of-function analyses in vitro and in vivo. In this study, ENST457720 was expressed at higher levels in NSCLC tissues than in paired normal tissues. Higher ENST457720 expression was associated with larger tumor sizes, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stage. ENST457720 silencing suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ENST457720 knockdown inhibited NSCLC invasion and reversed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. ENST457720 promoted NSCLC proliferation and invasion, which may be a novel potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiyu Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Meng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Abstract
Team-based care in the outpatient women's health setting has the potential to help alleviate the demand for women's health care providers and to deliver improved quality of care to the growing population of US women. Although teamwork is necessary in the current health care system, most of the current obstetrics and gynecology and advanced practice provider (APP) workforce were not trained for collaborative practice. Core competencies for building an effective outpatient women's health care team are explained and current evidence regarding the specific role of APPs in women's health care is reviewed.
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45
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Park SM, Lee J, Kim YA, Chang YJ, Kim MS, Shim YM, Zo JI, Yun YH. Factors related with colorectal and stomach cancer screening practice among disease-free lung cancer survivors in Korea. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:600. [PMID: 28854914 PMCID: PMC5577681 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer survivors are more likely to develop colorectal and stomach cancer than the general population. However, little is known about the current status of gastrointestinal cancer screening practices and related factors among lung cancer survivors. Methods We enrolled 829 disease-free lung cancer survivors ≥40 years of age, who had been treated at two hospitals from 2001 to 2006. The patients completed a questionnaire that included stomach and colorectal cancer screening after lung cancer treatment, as well as other sociodemographic variables. Results Among lung cancer survivors, correlations with stomach and colorectal screening recommendations were 22.7 and 25.8%, respectively. Of these, 40.7% reported receiving physician advice to screen for second primary cancer (SPC). Those who were recommended for further screening for other cancers were more likely to receive stomach cancer screening [adjusted odds ratios (aOR) = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16–2.30] and colorectal cancer screening [aOR = 1.37, 95% CI, 0.99–1.90]. Less-educated lung cancer survivors were less likely to have stomach and colorectal cancer screenings. Conclusions Lack of a physician’s advice for SPC screening and lower educational status had negative impact on the gastrointestinal cancer screening rates of lung cancer survivors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3583-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Republic of Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmog Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ae Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Chang
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Soo Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mog Shim
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Center, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ill Zo
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Center, Samsung Comprehensive Cancer Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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How I monitor long-term and late effects after blood or marrow transplantation. Blood 2017; 130:1302-1314. [PMID: 28743716 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-03-725671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) is used with curative intent for hematologic malignancies. Conditional on surviving the first 2 years after BMT, 5-year survival generally exceeds 70%. However, the cumulative therapeutic exposures lead to premature onset of chronic health conditions, such that the 15-year cumulative incidence of severe or life-threatening chronic health conditions exceeds 40%, resulting in premature mortality. The high burden of morbidity, coupled with a long latency between BMT and the development of chronic health conditions necessitates life-long risk-based monitoring of the BMT survivors. The issues of how and when to screen BMT survivors for therapy-related complications and exacerbation of preexisting conditions are important and largely unanswered questions. For BMT survivors, screening recommendations must incorporate risks associated with pre-BMT therapy as well as risks related to transplant conditioning and graft-versus-host disease. Here, we describe our approach to monitoring BMT survivors for risk-based screening and early detection of key late-occurring or long-term complications using patient scenarios to illustrate our discussion.
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Abstract
The incidence of brain tumors in the elderly population has increased over the last few decades. Current treatment includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but the optimal management of older patients with brain tumors remains a matter of debate, since aggressive radiation treatments in this population may be associated with high risks of neurological toxicity and deterioration of quality of life. For such patients, a careful clinical status assessment is mandatory both for clinical decision making and for designing randomized trials to adequately evaluate the optimal combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Several randomized studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy for patients with glioblastoma or lymphoma; however, the use of radiotherapy given in association with chemotherapy or as salvage therapy remains an effective treatment option associated with survival benefit. Stereotactic techniques are increasingly used for the treatment of patients with brain metastases and benign tumors, including pituitary adenomas, meningiomas and acoustic neuromas. Although no randomized trials have proven the superiority of SRS over other radiation techniques in older patients with brain metastases or benign brain tumors, data extracted from recent randomized studies and large retrospective series suggest that SRS is an effective approach in such patients associated with survival advantages and toxicity profile similar to those observed in young adults. Future trials need to investigate the optimal radiation techniques and dose/fractionation schedules in older patients with brain tumors with regard to clinical outcomes, neurocognitive function, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Minniti
- Department of Neurological Sciences, IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy. .,UPMC San Pietro FBF, Radiotherapy Center, Rome, Italy.
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Hoffman AS, Lowenstein LM, Kamath GR, Housten AJ, Leal VB, Linder SK, Jibaja-Weiss ML, Raju GS, Volk RJ. An entertainment-education colorectal cancer screening decision aid for African American patients: A randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2017; 123:1401-1408. [PMID: 28001305 PMCID: PMC5384861 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer screening rates for African American patients remain suboptimal. Patient decision aids designed with an entertainment-education approach have been shown to improve saliency and foster informed decision making. The purpose of this study was to assess whether an entertainment-education decision aid tailored for African American patients improved patients' decision making, attitudes, intentions, or colorectal cancer screening behavior. METHODS Eighty-nine participants were randomized to view 1) a patient decision aid video containing culturally tailored information about colorectal cancer screening options and theory-based support in decision making presented in an entertainment-education format or 2) an attention control video about hypertension that contained similarly detailed information. Participants met with their clinician and then completed follow-up questionnaires assessing their knowledge, decisional conflict, self-advocacy, attitudes, perceived social norms, and intentions. At 3 months, completion of screening was assessed by chart review. RESULTS Viewing the culturally tailored decision aid significantly increased African American patients' knowledge of colorectal cancer screening recommendations and options. It also significantly reduced their decisional conflict and improved their self-advocacy. No significant differences were observed in participants' attitudes, norms, or intentions. At three months, 23% of all patients had completed a colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS Designing targeted, engaging patient decision aids for groups that receive suboptimal screening holds promise for improving patient decision making and self-advocacy. Additional research is warranted to investigate the effectiveness of such aids in clinical practices with suboptimal screening rates and on downstream behaviors (such as repeat testing). Cancer 2017;123:1401-1408. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubri S. Hoffman
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lisa M. Lowenstein
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Geetanjali R. Kamath
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ashley J. Housten
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Viola B. Leal
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Suzanne K. Linder
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | | | - Gottumukkala S. Raju
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert J. Volk
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Scheel JR, Molina Y, Patrick DL, Anderson BO, Nakigudde G, Lehman CD, Thompson B. Breast Cancer Downstaging Practices and Breast Health Messaging Preferences Among a Community Sample of Urban and Rural Ugandan Women. J Glob Oncol 2017; 3:105-113. [PMID: 28503660 PMCID: PMC5424549 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2015.001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Among a community sample of Ugandan women, we provide information about breast cancer downstaging practices (breast self-examination, clinical breast examination [CBE]) and breast health messaging preferences across sociodemographic, health care access, and prior breast cancer exposure factors. METHODS Convenience-based sampling was conducted to recruit Ugandan women age 25 years and older to assess breast cancer downstaging practices as well as breast health messaging preferences to present early for a CBE in the theoretical scenario of self-detection of a palpable lump (breast health messaging preferences). RESULTS The 401 Ugandan women who participated in this survey were mostly poor with less than a primary school education. Of these women, 27% had engaged in breast self-examination, and 15% had undergone a CBE. Greater breast cancer downstaging practices were associated with an urban location, higher education, having a health center as a regular source of care, and receiving breast cancer education (P < .05). Women indicated a greater breast health messaging preference from their provider (66%). This preference was associated with a rural location, having a health center as a regular source of care, and receiving breast cancer education (P < .05). CONCLUSION Most Ugandan women do not participate in breast cancer downstaging practices despite receipt of breast cancer education. However, such education increases downstaging practices and preference for messaging from their providers. Therefore, efforts to downstage breast cancer in Uganda should simultaneously raise awareness in providers and support improved education efforts in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Scheel
- University of Washington; Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | - Benjamin O Anderson
- University of Washington; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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Zorogastua K, Sriphanlop P, Reich A, Aly S, Cisse A, Jandorf L. Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening among US and non US Born African American Muslim Women in New York City. AIMS Public Health 2017; 4:78-93. [PMID: 29922704 PMCID: PMC5963119 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2017.1.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Health disparities related to breast and cervical cancer among African American and African-born Muslim women in the United States have been identified in previous literature. Our study aimed at exploring the breast and cervical screening rates and factors that influence this population's disposition to adhere to cancer screening exams. METHODS Mixed methods were used to collect data with African American and African-born Muslim women in New York City. Data were collected from a total of 140 women; among them, 40 participated in four focus groups. FINDINGS Focus groups revealed nine themes: healthcare practices; lack of knowledge/misconceptions; negative perceptions and fear; time; modesty; role of religion; role of men; role of community; stigma and shame. Among 130 women who reported their cancer screening status, 72.3% of those age 21 and over were adherent to cervical cancer screening; 20.0% never had a Pap test. Among women age 40 and over, 80.2% reported adherence to recommended mammogram; 12.8% never had one. Among women under age 40, 52.2% had their last clinical breast exam (CBE) less than three years ago. Among women age 40 and over, 75.0% were adherent to yearly CBE. CONCLUSIONS While rates of screenings were above the national average and higher than expected, specific barriers and facilitators related to religious and health beliefs and attitudes that influence the decision to adhere to screening were revealed. These factors should be further explored and addressed to inform future research and strategies for promoting regular breast and cervical cancer screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karent Zorogastua
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pathu Sriphanlop
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alyssa Reich
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sarah Aly
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Aminata Cisse
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lina Jandorf
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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