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Abdel-Shafi S, Abd El-Hack ME, Amen S, Helmi A, Swelum AA, Tellez-Isaias G, Enan G. The efficacy of some probiotics and prebiotics on the prevalence of E. coli and the immune response of chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103219. [PMID: 37993387 PMCID: PMC10755822 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of probiotics and prebiotics in controlling Escherichia coli (E. coli) spp. isolated from chicken. A total of 230 birds representing 19 different commercial breeds were taken from various points. Birds were monitored for postmortem and clinical investigation. Aseptically collected liver samples, lungs, kidneys, hearts, and yolk sacs were then subjected to bacterial isolation and identification. E. coli were observed in 9 pooled samples from 120 examined with an incidence of 7.5%. Nine farms were E. coli-positive, with an incidence of farm infection of 47.3%. The 9 suspected isolates of E. coli were profiled by morphological and microbiological identification of the colony, motility, and gram reaction. The serogroup analysis showed 9 different E. coli for which 3 other groups were identified: 2 E. coli O78, 3 E. coli O111, and 4 untyped groups. Nine isolates of E. coli were subjected to PCR. Molecular detection of 9 strains was conducted to find the virulence genes of E. coli strains (8 STX1, 4 STX2, and 9 EAE). Probiotics and prebiotics significantly increased the total erythrocytic and leukocytic counts throughout the experiment. The phagocytic percentage's main values at 14 d were 47 and 30%, respectively. An increase in the humoral immunity against Newcastle disease (ND) was noticed after ND vaccination. The geometric mean (HI) was 5.9 and 4.2 for probiotic and prebiotic, respectively. It could be concluded that probiotics and prebiotics could stimulate a nonspecific immune response against experimental infection with a virulent strain of E. coli spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Abdel-Shafi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Samy Amen
- Bacteriology Department, Animal Health Research, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Anaam Helmi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Gamal Enan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Hoque MR, Jung HI, Kim IH. Effect of Yeast Culture ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Supplementation on Growth Performance, Excreta Microbes, Noxious Gas, Nutrient Utilization, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chicken. J Poult Sci 2021; 58:216-221. [PMID: 34899016 PMCID: PMC8630410 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0190144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to test the effects of using yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as feed additive on the growth performance, noxious gas emission, utilization of nutrients, excreta microbial count, and meat quality of broilers. In total, 360 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers with average body weight (BW) of 42.90±1.43 g were randomly selected and allotted to two groups; they were fed either a basal diet (control) or a basal diet supplemented with 1% yeast culture (YC). Each treatment group had 10 replication pens and each replication contained 18 birds. The experiment was divided into 3 phases (1 to 7, 8 to 21, and 22 to 35 days) for growth performance observation. In the 1st phase (1 to 7 days), only the body weight gain (BWG) significantly increased (P<0.05) in birds with the YC diet compared to the control diet. Significant effects on BWG (P<0.05) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P<0.05) were seen in birds receiving the YC-supplemented diet in the 3rd phase (22 to 35 days) as compared to the control diet. In addition, during the overall period (1-35 d), BWG was significantly higher (P<0.05) and FCR was reduced (P<0.05). Throughout this experiment, the meat quality, nutrient utilization, noxious gas emission, and bacterial count in the excreta did not vary significantly between the groups. This study proved that a higher dose of YC (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation could maintain the consistent positive effect on broiler growth but eliminated the speculated outcomes on digestibility, bacterial count, or excreta gas emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md-Raihanul Hoque
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, South Korea
| | - Hong-Ik Jung
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, South Korea
| | - In-Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, South Korea
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Hussein MA, Rehan IF, Rehan AF, Eleiwa NZ, Abdel-Rahman MAM, Fahmy SG, Ahmed AS, Youssef M, Diab HM, Batiha GE, Alrashood ST, Khan HA, Shanab O, Ahmed E, Hassan H, Elnagar A, Elkelish A, Hesham AEL, Maky MA. Egg Yolk IgY: A Novel Trend of Feed Additives to Limit Drugs and to Improve Poultry Meat Quality. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:350. [PMID: 32760743 PMCID: PMC7371932 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs that are commonly used in poultry farms can potentially cause a detrimental effect on meat consumers as a result of chemical residues. Therefore, seeking a natural alternative is crucial for the health of the consumers. The egg yolk immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is a promising natural replacement for antibiotics in the broilers' diet. There is a scarce focus on the influence of probiotics and IgY on the quality and the nutritive values of broiler meat and whether it can efficiently displace the anti-microbial power of antibiotics. Herein we used 40 Ross chicks (1.2 ± 0.43 days old) and separated them into four groups with variant feed additives (basal diet "control," probiotic, IgY, and probiotic + IgY). Our findings showed that the combination of probiotic and IgY supplementation enhanced the carcass quality traits and decreased the pH values that could retard spoilage due to bacteria and improve shelf life and meat quality. The same group also achieved a significant reduction in thiobarbituric acid value, indicating an improvement of meat quality. Moreover, color, shear force, water holding capacity, and cooking loss were most acceptable in broiler meat supplemented with IgY, which confirmed the highest carcass quality. Notably, the weight gain in the combination group has been greatly increased. Also, the protein percentage was the highest (22.26 ± 0.29, P < 0.001) in this combined supplementation group, which revealed the highest nutritive values. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli could not be detected in the meat of the probiotics group and/or in the combined treatment group. Interestingly, the IgY group showed an evidence of the killing power (log colony-forming units per milliliter) of S. aureus and Listeria monocytogenes at 1,500 μg/ml. Our findings, in vitro as well as in vivo, revealed that the combination group had antimicrobial bioactivity and enhanced the chickens' immunity. Therefore, IgY, a novel trend of feed additives, can be used to limit drugs. Additionally, the mortality percentage recorded was zero in all groups that received feed supplementation, while the combination group reached the best financial advantages. We concluded that feeding IgY powder with probiotic is a frontier to improve the productivity, immunity, and meat quality of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Hussein
- Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim F. Rehan
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menofia University, Shebin Alkom, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Ibrahim F. Rehan
| | - Ahmed F. Rehan
- Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nesreen Z. Eleiwa
- Department of Food Hygiene, Agricultural Research Center, Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mootaz A. M. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Behavior, Management and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Sohaila G. Fahmy
- Department of Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Ahmed
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Youssef
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Hassan M. Diab
- Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Environment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Gaber E. Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Sara T. Alrashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Obeid Shanab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Eslam Ahmed
- Department of Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Hamdy Hassan
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Elnagar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Maky
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control (Meat Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Mohamed A. Maky
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Vase-Khavari K, Mortezavi SH, Rasouli B, Khusro A, Salem AZM, Seidavi A. The effect of three tropical medicinal plants and superzist probiotic on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood constitutes, immune response, and gut microflora of broiler. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 51:33-42. [PMID: 30047009 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pivotal aim of the present context was to determine the effect of probiotic (superzist) and medicinal plants (R. coriaria, H. persicum, and M. piperita) powder on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immunity response, and microflora counts of broilers over a 42-day feeding period. One hundred and fifty one-day-old chickens were randomly allocated to the following five treatments: (1) Control diets; (2) control diets + 0.03% w/v superzist; (3) control diets + 0.5% w/v R. coriaria; (4) control diets + 0.5% w/v H. persicum; and (5) control diets + 0.5% w/v M. piperita. No significant differences among treatments on broiler performance during 29th to 35th days of age, whereas a gradual reduction (P < 0.05) in the feed efficiency and economic index values between 36th to 42nd days of age, across the treatments versus control diet. Supplementations were increased (P < 0.05), the colon weight, colon length, and right cecum weight versus control. However, the superzist and phytogenic supplementation slightly increased the jejunum length, ileum length, and left cecum length. The supplementation showed reduced heterophils, increased lymphocytes and monocytes percentage, and decreased heterophils/lymphocytes ratio. Additions of superzist and medicinal plants reduced (P < 0.05) the total counts of E. coli and improved (P < 0.05) the cecal lactobacilli. In conclusion, under the appropriate conditions of this investigation, the superzist and tested medicinal plants could undoubtedly be ideal alternatives to the use of existing antibiotics as growth promoters in poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Vase-Khavari
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Behrouz Rasouli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600034, India
| | - Abdelfattah Z M Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
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