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Mumbo MT, Nyaboga EN, Kinyua JK, Muge EK, Mathenge SGK, Rotich H, Muriira G, Njiraini B, Njiru JM. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of salmonella spp. and escherichia coli isolated from fresh nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) fish marketed for human consumption. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:306. [PMID: 37880584 PMCID: PMC10601154 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella spp. and pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli are among the major foodborne zoonotic pathogens. These bacterial pathogens cause human illnesses characterized by hemorrhagic colitis, vomiting, nausea, and other agent-related symptoms. The increasing occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in these pathogens is also a serious public health concern globally. Regular surveillance of phenotypes and genotypes of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli from animal-derived foods is necessary for effective reduction and control of these foodborne pathogens. This study was conducted to assess the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and genetic diversity of Salmonella spp. and E. coli isolates from fresh Nile tilapia obtained from retail markets in Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS A total of 68 fresh Nile tilapia fish samples were collected from retail markets and used for isolation of Salmonella spp. and E. coli. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates weretested by Kirby-Bauer agar disc diffusion method. According to the antimicrobial resistance profiles, the multi-drug resistant isolates were identified by 16 S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis using the Bayesian inference method. The MDR Salmonella spp. and E. coli isolates were subjected to PCR-based screening for the detection virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. RESULTS The prevalence of contamination of the fish samples with Salmonella spp. and E.coli was 26.47% and 35.29% respectively. Overall phenotypic resistance among the Salmonella spp. ranged from 5.5% for ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, meropenem, nitrofurantoin and streptomycin and 22.2% for penicillin-G. For E. coli phenotypic resistance ranged from 4.2% for ceftazidime and chloramphenicol and 25% for rifampicin. Multi-drug resistance was observed in three Salmonella spp. and two E. coli isolates. Results of 16 S rRNA sequences, sequence alignment and phylogenic trees confirmed the identified MDR isolates as S. typhymurium WES-09, S. typhymurium MAK-22, S. typhimurium EMB-32 and E. coli MAK-26 and E. coli LAN-35. The presence of antibiotic-resistance genes belonging to β-lactamases, tetracycline, sulfonamide, trimethoprim and aminoglycosides-resistant genes were detected in all the identified MDR isolates. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study indicate that Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) sold in retail markets can acts as reservoirs of Salmonella spp. and E. coli pathogens linked to human disease, some of which were multidrug resistance to critically important antimicrobials. Both microorganisms are of zoonotic significance and represent a significant public health risk to the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millicent T Mumbo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Evans N Nyaboga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Johnson K Kinyua
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Edward K Muge
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Henry Rotich
- Research and development Department, Kenya Bureau of Standards, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Geoffrey Muriira
- Research and development Department, Kenya Bureau of Standards, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bernard Njiraini
- Research and development Department, Kenya Bureau of Standards, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joshua M Njiru
- Research and development Department, Kenya Bureau of Standards, Nairobi, Kenya
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Sanz-García F, Gil-Gil T, Laborda P, Ochoa-Sánchez LE, Martínez JL, Hernando-Amado S. Coming from the Wild: Multidrug Resistant Opportunistic Pathogens Presenting a Primary, Not Human-Linked, Environmental Habitat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8080. [PMID: 34360847 PMCID: PMC8347278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use and misuse of antibiotics have made antibiotic-resistant bacteria widespread nowadays, constituting one of the most relevant challenges for human health at present. Among these bacteria, opportunistic pathogens with an environmental, non-clinical, primary habitat stand as an increasing matter of concern at hospitals. These organisms usually present low susceptibility to antibiotics currently used for therapy. They are also proficient in acquiring increased resistance levels, a situation that limits the therapeutic options for treating the infections they cause. In this article, we analyse the most predominant opportunistic pathogens with an environmental origin, focusing on the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance they present. Further, we discuss the functions, beyond antibiotic resistance, that these determinants may have in the natural ecosystems that these bacteria usually colonize. Given the capacity of these organisms for colonizing different habitats, from clinical settings to natural environments, and for infecting different hosts, from plants to humans, deciphering their population structure, their mechanisms of resistance and the role that these mechanisms may play in natural ecosystems is of relevance for understanding the dissemination of antibiotic resistance under a One-Health point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - José L. Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.S.-G.); (T.G.-G.); (P.L.); (L.E.O.-S.); (S.H.-A.)
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Na IY, Kwon KT, Ko KS. Plasmids Carrying blaVIM-2 in Acinetobacter nosocomialis and A. seifertii Isolates from South Korea. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1186-1189. [PMID: 33544029 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified nine Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase-2 (VIM-2)-producing Acinetobacter nosocomialis (n = 8) and Acinetobacter seifertii (n = 1) isolates from South Korea and performed whole-plasmid sequencing for two A. nosocomialis isolates and one A. seifertii isolate. Genotyping, antibiotic resistance profiles, and whole plasmid sequences indicated clonal dissemination of the eight VIM-2-producing A. nosocomialis isolates. The plasmid-bearing blaVIM-2 in the A. seifertii isolate differed from those in the A. nosocomialis isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Young Na
- Department of Microbiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Tae Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Ko
- Department of Microbiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Tavares LCB, Cunha MPV, de Vasconcellos FM, Bertani AMDJ, de Barcellos TAF, Bueno MS, Santos CA, Sant'Ana DA, Ferreira AM, Mondelli AL, Montelli AC, Sadatsune T, Sacchi CT, Gonçalves CR, Tiba-Casas MR, Camargo CH. Genomic and Clinical Characterization of IMP-1-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter bereziniae Isolates from Bloodstream Infections in a Brazilian Tertiary Hospital. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 26:1399-1404. [PMID: 32155381 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2019.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is the main species of the Acinetobacter genus; however, non-baumannii Acinetobacter (NBA) species causing infections have been described for the past years, as well as antimicrobial resistance. In this study, we describe the occurrence of two multidrug-resistant (MDR) IMP-1-producing Acinetobacter bereziniae isolates recovered from bloodstream infections in different patients but in the same intensive care unit among 134 carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter screened. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance to carbapenems, extended spectrum, and antipseudomonad cephalosporins, amikacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Both A. bereziniae isolates shared the same ApaI-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern. Whole-genome sequencing of both isolates revealed that blaIMP-1 was embedded into an In86 Class I integron carrying also sul1, aac(6')-31, and aadA genes. A new sequence type (ST1309 Pasteur) was deposited. The virulence genes lpxC and ompA, seen in A. baumannii, were detected in the A. bereziniae strains. Recognition of A. bereziniae causing invasive MDR infection underscores the role of NBA species as human pathogens especially in at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Calissi Brisolla Tavares
- Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thays Almeida Franco de Barcellos
- Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Sardinha Bueno
- Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Terue Sadatsune
- Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Henrique Camargo
- Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Van Ba H, Seo HW, Seong PN, Kang SM, Cho SH, Kim YS, Park BY, Moon SS, Kang SJ, Choi YM, Kim JH. The fates of microbial populations on pig carcasses during slaughtering process, on retail cuts after slaughter, and intervention efficiency of lactic acid spraying. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 294:10-17. [PMID: 30711888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to detect and identify microbial populations on pig carcasses at different slaughtering stages and on retail pork cuts at 24 h after slaughter as well as to evaluate the intervention efficiency of sprays containing different concentrations (2% and 4%) of lactic acid. The sprays were applied to the carcass surfaces at the end of the slaughter line. Microbial samples were collected from carcass surfaces after bleeding and after eviscerating, and from retail cuts at 24 h after chilling/spraying. The detected microorganisms were identified through using a Microflex identification instrument and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The diversity of the bacterial genera; Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Enterococci, Escherichia, Acinetobacter and Corynebacterium spp. showed counts ranging from 2.70 to 4.91 log10 cfu/100 cm2 on the carcasses during slaughter. Most of these genera were also detected on the carcasses after 24 h of chilling. Three species (Staphylococcus hyicus, Acinetobacter albensis, and Corynebacterium xerosis) were also found on the retail cuts of non-sprayed carcasses but not on those of the sprayed groups. Significantly greater reductions in all bacterial species were observed on the carcasses and retail cuts that were sprayed with lactic acid, particularly at the 4% level. Thus, spraying with 4% lactic acid may be an effective intervention for controlling bacterial contamination on pig carcasses to improve the microbiological safety of pork meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Van Ba
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Seo
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Nam Seong
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Moon Kang
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Huyn Cho
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Young Park
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Sil Moon
- Sunjin Meat Research Center, Ansung 17532, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ju Kang
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Min Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyoung Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Li Z, He X, Ding F, Wu W, Luo Y, Fan B, Cao H. Overproduction of efflux pumps caused reduced susceptibility to carbapenem under consecutive imipenem-selected stress in Acinetobacter baumannii. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:457-467. [PMID: 29636625 PMCID: PMC5880185 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s151423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acinetobacter baumannii is an important pathogen in the nosocomial infections worldwide. Combining with carbapenemases, efflux pumps and outer membrane proteins (OMPs) have been thought to affect the development of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii. This study aimed to investigate the contributions of different efflux pumps and OMPs in developing carbapenem resistance in a clinical isolate of A. baumannii and reveal the possible mechanism of overproduction of main efflux pumps. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this study, an imipenem-susceptible clinical isolate was identified as A. baumannii and named SZE. Several common carbapenemases were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Imipenem-selected mutants were selected from SZE by serial subcultivations on Mueller-Hinton agar, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was detected. Gene expressions of four families of efflux pumps, five OMPs, and blaOXA-51 were determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR, and comparisons were made between SZE strain and the imipenem-selected mutants. The adeRS system in SZE and its mutant was sequenced and aligned. RESULTS Under consecutive imipenem-selected stress, the MIC to imipenem increased gradually from 0.125 μg/mL to 8 μg/mL. The effect of resistance inducement was almost neutralized when treated with an efflux pump inhibitor. The expression of efflux pumps, adeB, adeG, and adeJ, was increased by 6.9-, 4.0-, and 2.1-fold in mutants, respectively, compared to SZE. A single mutation (G to A) at position 58 was detected in the regulatory adeRS system and possibly upregulated the adeB expression, and then affected the carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii strains. CONCLUSION In conclusion, under consecutive imipenem-selected stress in vitro, A. baumannii strain evolved the ability to reduce susceptibility to a variety of antimicrobials by overproduction of efflux pumps. Especially, the resistance-nodulation-cell division super family and a nucleotide mutant in adeRS regulating system caused the overexpression of adeABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Laboratory Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhuocheng Li
- Laboratory Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaolong He
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Fanglin Ding
- Laboratory Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Weiqing Wu
- Laboratory Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Laboratory Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Bing Fan
- Laboratory Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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Naik OA, Shashidhar R, Rath D, Bandekar JR, Rath A. Characterization of multiple antibiotic resistance of culturable microorganisms and metagenomic analysis of total microbial diversity of marine fish sold in retail shops in Mumbai, India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:6228-6239. [PMID: 29243150 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0945-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine fish species were analyzed for culturable and total metagenomic microbial diversity, antibiotic resistance (AR) pattern, and horizontal gene transfer in culturable microorganisms. We observed a high AR microbial load of 3 to 4 log CFU g-1. Many fish pathogens like Providencia, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Vagococcus, and Aeromonas veronii were isolated. Photobacterium and Vibrio were two major fish and human pathogens which were identified in the fish metagenome. Other pathogens that were identified were Shewanella, Acinetobacter, Psychrobacter, and Flavobacterium. Most of these pathogens were resistant to multiple antibiotics such as erythromycin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, penicillin, cefotaxime, bacitracin, rifampicin, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline with a high multiple antibiotic resistance index of 0.54-0.77. The fish microflora showed high prevalence of AR genes like bla TEM, Class I integron, tetA, aph(3')-IIIa, ermB, aadA, and sul1. Nineteen of 26 AR isolates harbored Class I integrons showing high co-resistance to trimethoprim, kanamycin, doxycycline, and cefotaxime. Mobile R-plasmids from 6 of the 12 AR pathogens were transferred to recipient E. coli after conjugation. The transconjugants harbored the same R-plasmid carrying bla CTX-M, dfr1, tetA, bla TEM, and cat genes. This study confirms that fish is a potential carrier of AR pathogens which can enter the human gut via food chain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in the Indian subcontinent reporting a direct evidence of spread of AR pathogens to humans from specific marine fish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onkar A Naik
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400098, India
| | | | - Devashish Rath
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Jayant R Bandekar
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Archana Rath
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, 400098, India.
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Halaji M, Rezaei A, Zalipoor M, Faghri J. Investigation of Class I, II, and III Integrons Among Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolates from Hospitalized Patients in Isfahan, Iran. Oman Med J 2018; 33:37-42. [PMID: 29467997 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2018.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence of class I, II, and III integrons among clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected from hospitalized patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at two teaching hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, from October 2015 to October 2016. A total of 147 non-duplicate A. baumannii isolates were collected from clinical specimens and identified as A. baumannii using standard microbiological methods and confirmed by genotyping. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using disc diffusion method, and the presence of integron genes was performed using the polymerase chain reaction. Results Out of 147 confirmed A. baumannii isolates, 97.3% of isolates were extensive drug-resistant (XDR) and 2.7% were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Class I and II integrons were detected in 63.9% and 78.2% of the A. baumannii, respectively. Class III integron was not detected in any of the isolates. Conclusion Our results show a high prevalence of classes I and II integrons which may play a key role in the acquisition of MDR and XDR phenotype among A. baumannii isolates in our region. Therefore, use of appropriate infection control in clinical settings and implementation of treatment strategies is necessary for our hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Halaji
- Department of Microbiology, School of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zalipoor
- Department of Microbiology, School of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Faghri
- Department of Microbiology, School of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Dissemination of Classes 1, 2, and 3 Integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Recovered from Intensive Care Units Using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Goudarzi H, Azad M, Seyedjavadi SS, Azimi H, Salimi Chirani A, Fallah Omrani V, Goudarzi M. Characterization of integrons and associated gene cassettes in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from intensive care unit in Tehran, Iran. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joad.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Azizi O, Shakibaie MR, Badmasti F, Modarresi F, Ramazanzadeh R, Mansouri S, Shahcheraghi F. Class 1 integrons in non-clonal multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Iran, description of the new blaIMP-55 allele in In1243. J Med Microbiol 2016; 65:928-936. [PMID: 27430533 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections and outbreaks caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) are prevalent and have been reported worldwide over the past 20 or more years. Class 1 integron in MDR-AB plays an important role in the spread of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings. This study has been conducted to evaluate the detection of metallo-β-lactamase, characterization of class 1 integron and determination of clonal relatedness among A. baumannii hospital isolates. Sixty-five clinical isolates of MDR-AB were recovered from two Iranian hospital's intensive care units from February to August 2013. Integrase (intI1) and blaIMP genes were detected in 70.8 % (n=46/65) and 9.23 % (n=6/65) of the isolates using PCR assay, respectively. No other metallo-β-lactamase genes (blaVIM, blaSIM and blaNDM) were detected. PCR sequencing of integron gene cassette revealed the following arrays: blaOXA10-aacA4-blaIMP-55-cmlA5 (as a novel array was designated In1243), aacC1 and aadA1. Analysis of blaIMP gene revealed a new allele designated as blaIMP-55. Gene transfer experiment by conjugation showed the 36 kb conjugative plasmid harbouring In1243. The clonal assessment by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR demonstrated a high-degree relatedness among the strains, but strains harbouring In1243 displayed a different repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR profile. In this study, we found that a novel class 1 integron (In1243) that encoded a new blaIMP allele resided on a transferable plasmid in non-clonal strains of MDR-AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Azizi
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shakibaie
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Kerman Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Kerman, Iran.,Environmental Health Sciences and Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzad Badmasti
- Department of Bacteriology, Microbiology Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzan Modarresi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Rashid Ramazanzadeh
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Shahla Mansouri
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Shahcheraghi
- Department of Bacteriology, Microbiology Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates obtained from two hospital outbreaks in Los Angeles County, California, USA. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:194. [PMID: 27146090 PMCID: PMC4857389 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii have been responsible for an increasing number of nosocomial infections including bacteremia and ventilator-associated pneumonia. In this study, we analyzed 38 isolates of A. baumannii obtained from two hospital outbreaks in Los Angeles County for the molecular epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance determinants. METHODS Pulsed field gel electrophoresis, tri-locus multiplex PCR and multi-locus sequence typing (Pasteur scheme) were used to examine clonal relationships of the outbreak isolates. Broth microdilution method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates. PCR and subsequent DNA sequencing were employed to characterize antibiotic resistance genetic determinants. RESULTS Trilocus multiplex PCR showed these isolates belong to Global Clones I and II, which were confirmed to ST1 and ST2, respectively, by multi-locus sequence typing. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis identified two clonal clusters, one with 20 isolates (Global Clone I) and the other with nine (Global Clone II), which dominated the two outbreaks. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using 14 antibiotics indicated that all isolates were resistant to antibiotics belonging to four or more categories of antimicrobial agents. In particular, over three fourth of 38 isolates were found to be resistant to both imipenem and meropenem. Additionally, all isolates were found to be resistant to piperacillin, four cephalosporin antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Resistance phenotypes of these strains to fluoroquinolones were correlated with point mutations in gyrA and parC genes that render reduced affinity to target proteins. ISAba1 was detected immediately upstream of the bla OXA-23 gene present in those isolates that were found to be resistant to both carbapenems. Class 1 integron-associated resistance gene cassettes appear to contribute to resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics. CONCLUSION The two outbreaks were found to be dominated by two clonal clusters of A. baumannii belonging to MLST ST1 and ST2. All isolates were resistant to antibiotics of at least four categories of antimicrobial agents, and their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles correlate well with genetic determinants. The results of this study will facilitate our understanding of the molecular epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanisms of resistance of A. baumannii obtained from Los Angeles hospitals.
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Sun X, Liu B, Chen Y, Huang H, Wang G, Li F, Ni Z. Molecular characterization of Ambler class A to D β-lactamases, ISAba1, and integrons reveals multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates in northeastern China. J Chemother 2016; 28:469-475. [PMID: 27077928 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2015.1133014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of various Ambler class A to D β-lactamases, ISAba1, and class 1 and 2 integrons as well as the clonal relatedness in 105 Acinetobacter spp. isolates found in northeastern China was investigated. All 105 Acinetobacter spp. isolates were determined to be multidrug resistant (MDR), and the resistance rates to carbapenem agents were approximately 50%. PER, IMP, AmpC, and OXA-23 were found to be dominant β-lactamases belonging to different classes, respectively. This is the first report of the coexistence of blaPER, blaIMP, blaAmpC, and blaOXA-23-like genes in Acinetobacter spp. isolates from northeastern China. ISAba1 was found upstream of the blaOXA-23-like gene in 87.8% (36/41) strains and upstream of the blaOXA-51-like gene in 26.5% (13/49) strains. ISAba3-like element was found upstream of the blaOXA-58-like gene in one blaOXA-58-like-positive strain. The presence of IntI1 was detected in 63.8% (67/105) of the isolates and the most prevalent gene cassettes were aacA4, aadA1, and catB8. The highly prevalent isolates belong to international clonal lineage (ICL)-II. These results indicate that the wide horizontal and clonal spread of MDR Acinetobacter spp. isolates harbouring multiple β-lactamase genes has become a serious problem in northeastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogenobiology , College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- b Cardiovascular Disease Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- c Department of Neurosurgery , The Second Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Honglan Huang
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogenobiology , College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogenobiology , College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Fan Li
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogenobiology , College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun , P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Ni
- a Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathogenobiology , College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University , Changchun , P.R. China
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Al Atrouni A, Joly-Guillou ML, Hamze M, Kempf M. Reservoirs of Non-baumannii Acinetobacter Species. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:49. [PMID: 26870013 PMCID: PMC4740782 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter spp. are ubiquitous gram negative and non-fermenting coccobacilli that have the ability to occupy several ecological niches including environment, animals and human. Among the different species, Acinetobacter baumannii has evolved as global pathogen causing wide range of infection. Since the implementation of molecular techniques, the habitat and the role of non-baumannii Acinetobacter in human infection have been elucidated. In addition, several new species have been described. In the present review, we summarize the recent data about the natural reservoir of non-baumannii Acinetobacter including the novel species that have been described for the first time from environmental sources and reported during the last years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Atrouni
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement, Centre AZM pour la Recherche en Biotechnologie et ses Applications, Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie, Université LibanaiseTripoli, Liban
- ATOMycA, Inserm Atip-Avenir Team, CRCNA, Inserm U892, 6299 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of AngersAngers, Lebanon
| | - Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou
- ATOMycA, Inserm Atip-Avenir Team, CRCNA, Inserm U892, 6299 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of AngersAngers, Lebanon
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé – Centre Hospitalier UniversitaireAngers, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement, Centre AZM pour la Recherche en Biotechnologie et ses Applications, Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie, Université LibanaiseTripoli, Liban
- Faculté de Santé Publique, Université LibanaiseTripoli, Lebanon
| | - Marie Kempf
- ATOMycA, Inserm Atip-Avenir Team, CRCNA, Inserm U892, 6299 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of AngersAngers, Lebanon
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé – Centre Hospitalier UniversitaireAngers, France
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