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Lin RT, Boonhat H, Lin YY, Klebe S, Takahashi K. Health Effects of Occupational and Environmental Exposures to Nuclear Power Plants: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Curr Environ Health Rep 2024; 11:329-339. [PMID: 38886298 PMCID: PMC11324671 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-024-00453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Numerous epidemiological studies have shown increased health risks among workers and residents living near nuclear power plants exposed to radiation levels meeting regulatory dose limits. This study aimed to evaluate the association between radiation exposure and disease risks among these populations exposed to radiation levels meeting the current regulatory dose limits. RECENT FINDINGS We searched four databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science) for studies published before August 2023, screened eligible studies (inclusion and exclusion criteria based on population, exposure, comparator, and outcome framework), and collected data on exposure indicators and disease risks. We applied random-effects models of meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effects and meta-regression to assess the dose-response relationship (radiation dose rate for workers and distance for residents). We identified 47 studies, 13 with worker and 34 with resident samples, covering 175 nuclear power plants from 17 countries, encompassing samples of 480,623 workers and 7,530,886 residents. Workers had a significantly lower risk for all-cancer and a significantly higher risk for mesothelioma. Residents had significantly higher risks for all-cancer, thyroid cancer, and leukemia. Notably, children under 5 years old showed the highest risk for all-cancer. Our meta-regression showed a significantly positive dose-response relationship between cumulative dose of radiation exposure and risk for circulatory disease among workers. Our findings demonstrated higher risks for mesothelioma for workers and all-cancer, thyroid cancer, and leukemia for residents exposed to low-dose radiation from nuclear power plants. Some included studies did not adjust for cancer risk confounders, which could overestimate the association between radiation exposure and cancer risk and increase the risk of bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ro-Ting Lin
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Address: No. 100, Sec. 1, Jing-Mao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2139, Australia.
| | - Hathaichon Boonhat
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yu Lin
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2139, Australia
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- JEOL Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
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Saenko V, Mitsutake N. Radiation-Related Thyroid Cancer. Endocr Rev 2024; 45:1-29. [PMID: 37450579 PMCID: PMC10765163 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Radiation is an environmental factor that elevates the risk of developing thyroid cancer. Actual and possible scenarios of exposures to external and internal radiation are multiple and diverse. This article reviews radiation doses to the thyroid and corresponding cancer risks due to planned, existing, and emergency exposure situations, and medical, public, and occupational categories of exposures. Any exposure scenario may deliver a range of doses to the thyroid, and the risk for cancer is addressed along with modifying factors. The consequences of the Chornobyl and Fukushima nuclear power plant accidents are described, summarizing the information on thyroid cancer epidemiology, treatment, and prognosis, clinicopathological characteristics, and genetic alterations. The Chornobyl thyroid cancers have evolved in time: becoming less aggressive and driver shifting from fusions to point mutations. A comparison of thyroid cancers from the 2 areas reveals numerous differences that cumulatively suggest the low probability of the radiogenic nature of thyroid cancers in Fukushima. In view of continuing usage of different sources of radiation in various settings, the possible ways of reducing thyroid cancer risk from exposures are considered. For external exposures, reasonable measures are generally in line with the As Low As Reasonably Achievable principle, while for internal irradiation from radioactive iodine, thyroid blocking with stable iodine may be recommended in addition to other measures in case of anticipated exposures from a nuclear reactor accident. Finally, the perspectives of studies of radiation effects on the thyroid are discussed from the epidemiological, basic science, and clinical points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Norisato Mitsutake
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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Lee J, Jeong S, Lee HY, Park S, Jeong M, Jo YS. Comparative Analysis of Driver Mutations and Transcriptomes in Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Region of Residence in South Korea. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:720-729. [PMID: 37931624 PMCID: PMC10764997 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Radiation exposure is a well-known risk factor for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). South Korea has 24 nuclear reactors in operation; however, no molecular biological analysis has been performed on patients with PTC living near nuclear power plants. METHODS We retrospectively included patients with PTC (n=512) divided into three groups according to their place of residence at the time of operation: inland areas (n=300), coastal areas far from nuclear power plants (n=134), and nuclear power plant areas (n=78). After propensity score matching (1:1:1) by age, sex, and surgical procedure, the frequency of representative driver mutations and gene expression profiles were compared (n=50 per group). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), BRAF, thyroid differentiation, and radiation scores were calculated and compared. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in clinicopathological characteristics, including radiation exposure history and the frequency of incidentally discovered thyroid cancer, among the three groups. BRAFV600E mutation was most frequently detected in the groups, with no difference among the three groups. Furthermore, gene expression profiles showed no statistically significant difference. EMT and BRAF scores were higher in our cohort than in cohorts from Chernobyl tissue bank and The Cancer Genome Atlas Thyroid Cancer; however, there was no difference according to the place of residence. Radiation scores were highest in the Chernobyl tissue bank but exhibited no difference according to the place of residence. CONCLUSION Differences in clinicopathological characteristics, frequency of representative driver mutations, and gene expression profiles were not observed according to patients' region of residence in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jandee Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonhyang Jeong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunmi Park
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Meesson Jeong
- Radiation Effect Research Section, Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee GB, Park S, Jang WI, Park S, Jun JK, Seo S. Increased Screening Rates for Thyroid Cancer Among Residents Living Near Nuclear Power Plants. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e369. [PMID: 37967879 PMCID: PMC10643248 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent screening for thyroid cancer has been suggested as a probable explanation for the observed high risk of thyroid cancer in nuclear power plant (NPP) areas. We aimed to compare thyroid cancer screening rates of residents living near NPPs to those of the general population. This study utilized data from two national survey-based studies in 2016 and in 2014, respectively, for residents (n = 1,200) living in administrative districts within 5 km of NPP sites as the interest group, and the general population (n = 228,712) including distant-living residents (n = 19,100) in administrative districts within 30 km of NPP sites as reference groups. We observed an increase in screening rates in residents near NPPs, which may lead to a higher possibility of thyroid cancer detection. Therefore, further epidemiological studies investigating radiation-induced thyroid cancer risk among residents near NPPs should be carefully designed and interpreted considering possible detection bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Bin Lee
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Il Jang
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhoo Park
- Department of Pathology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Jun
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Songwon Seo
- National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
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Wu WT, Pan CY, Chang SL, Chen YH, Tung CJ, Lin P. Study Protocol for Radiation Exposure and Cancer Risk Assessment: The Taiwan Nuclear Power Plants and Epidemiology Cohort Study (TNPECS). J Epidemiol 2023; 33:52-61. [PMID: 34053962 PMCID: PMC9727215 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cohort was established to evaluate whether 38-year radiation exposure (since the start of nuclear reactor operations) is related to cancer risk in residents near three nuclear power plants (NPPs). METHODS This cohort study enrolled all residents who lived within 8 km of any of the three NPPs in Taiwan from 1978 to 2016 (n = 214,502; person-years = 4,660,189). The control population (n = 257,475; person-years = 6,282,390) from three towns comprised all residents having lived more than 15 km from all three NPPs. Radiation exposure will be assessed via computer programs GASPAR-II and LADTAP-II by following methodologies provided in the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulatory guides. We calculated the cumulative individual tissue organ equivalent dose and cumulative effective dose for each resident. This study presents the number of new cancer cases and prevalence in the residence-nearest NPP group and control group in the 38-year research observation period. CONCLUSION TNPECS provides a valuable platform for research and opens unique possibilities for testing whether radiation exposure since the start of operations of nuclear reactors will affect health across the life course. The release of radioactive nuclear species caused by the operation of NPPs caused residents to have an effective dose between 10-7 and 10-3 mSv/year. The mean cumulative medical radiation exposure dose between the residence-nearest NPP group and the control group was not different (7.69; standard deviation, 18.39 mSv and 7.61; standard deviation, 19.17 mSv; P = 0.114).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Te Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan,Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ya Pan
- Medical Physics Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Li Chang
- Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,Radiation Protection Association, Republic of China (ROC), Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hau Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Jong Tung
- Medical Physics Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan,Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Raghavapudi H, Singroul P, Kohila V. Brain Tumor Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Radiotherapy Treatment. Curr Med Imaging 2021; 17:931-942. [PMID: 33573575 DOI: 10.2174/1573405617666210126160206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The strategy used for the treatment of given brain cancer is critical in determining the post effects and survival. An oncological diagnosis of tumor evaluates a range of parameters such as shape, size, volume, location and neurological complexity that define the symptomatic severity. The evaluation determines a suitable treatment approach chosen from a range of options such as surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy and other targeted therapies. Often, a combination of such therapies is applied to achieve superior results. Radiotherapy serves as a better treatment strategy because of a higher survival rate. It offers the flexibility of synergy with other treatment strategies and fewer side effects on organs at risk. This review presents a radiobiological perspective in the treatment of brain tumor. The cause, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, post-treatment effects and the framework involved in its elimination are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haarika Raghavapudi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal -506004, Telangana, India
| | - Pankaj Singroul
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal -506004, Telangana, India
| | - V Kohila
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal -506004, Telangana, India
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Kim BK, Kim JM, Kim MH, Paek DM, Hwang SS, Ha MN, Ju YS. Increased risk of thyroid cancer in female residents nearby nuclear power plants in Korea: was it due to detection bias? Ann Occup Environ Med 2018; 30:21. [PMID: 29644078 PMCID: PMC5891994 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-018-0233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Korea Radiation Effect & Epidemiology Cohort - The resident cohort (KREEC-R) study concluded that there is no epidemiological or causal evidence supporting any increase in cancer risks resulting from radiation from Korean nuclear power plants (NPPs). But the risks of thyroid cancer in women were significantly higher in residents living near NPPs than control. Debate about the cause of the pattern of thyroid cancer incidence in women is ongoing and some researchers argue that detection bias influenced the result of KREEC-R study. Therefore there was a need to investigate whether residents living near NPPs who were assessed in the KREEC-R were actually tested more often for thyroid cancer. We evaluated the possibility of detection bias in the finding of the KREEC-R study based on materials available at this time. Methods Using the KREEC-R raw data, we calculated age standardized rates (ASRs) of female thyroid cancer and re-analyzed the results of survey on the use of medical services. We also marked the administrative districts of residents who received the Radiation Health Research Institute (RHRI) health examinations and those in which thyroid cancer case occurred as per the Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) final report on maps where the locations of NPPs and 5 km-radii around them were also indicated. And we compared the incidence rates of Radiation-induced cancer measured between the first period when RHRI health examinations were not yet implemented, and the second period when the RHRI health examinations were implemented. Results The ASR for the far-distance group, which comprised residents living in areas outside the 30 km radius of the NPPs, increased rapidly after 2000; however, that of the exposed group, which comprised residents living within a 5 km radius of the NPPs, started to increase rapidly even before 1995. The frequencies of the use of medical services were significantly higher in the intermediate proximate group, which comprised residents living within a 5-30 km radius of the NPPs, than in the exposed group in women. In case of female thyroid cancer, the second period ASR was higher than the first period ASR, but in case of female liver cancer and female stomach cancer no significant difference were observed between the periods. On map, many administrative districts of residents who received RHRI health examinations and most administrative districts in which thyroid cancer case occurred on RIMS final report were outside 5 km-radii around NPPs. Conclusions We could not find any evidence supporting the assertion that detection bias influenced the increased risks of female thyroid cancer observed in the exposed group of the KREEC-R study, as opposed to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Kyu Kim
- 1Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea.,2Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Cheong Ju Medical Center, Cheongju, Korea.,4Department of Medical Science, Graduate school of Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Hee Kim
- The People's Health Institute, Center for Health Equity Research, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do-Myung Paek
- 2Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Sik Hwang
- 6Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Na Ha
- 7Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College, Dankook University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Young-Su Ju
- 1Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea
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Kim JM, Kim MH, Ju YS, Hwang SS, Ha M, Kim BK, Zoh KE, Paek D. Reanalysis of Epidemiological Investigation of Cancer Risk among People Residing near Nuclear Power Plants in South Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E481. [PMID: 29522487 PMCID: PMC5877026 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: A 20-year follow-up study on cancer incidence among people living near nuclear power plants in South Korea ended in 2011 with a finding of significantly, but inconsistently, elevated thyroid cancer risk for females. Reanalysis of the original study was carried out to examine the dose-response relationship further, and to investigate any evidence of detection bias. Methods: In addition to replicating the original Cox proportional hazards models, nested case-control analysis was carried out for all subjects and for four different birth cohorts to examine the effects of excluding participants with pre-existing cancer history at enrollment. The potential for detection bias was investigated using the records of medical utilization and voluntary health checks of comparison groups. Results: The overall risk profile of the total sample was similar to that of the original study. However, in the stratified analysis of four birth cohorts, the cancer risk among people living near nuclear power plants became higher in younger birth cohorts. This was especially true for thyroid cancers of females (hazard ratio (HR) 3.38) and males (HR 1.74), female breast cancers (HR 2.24), and radiation-related cancers (HR 1.59 for males, HR 1.77 for females), but not for radiation-insensitive cancers (HR 0.59 for males, HR 0.98 for females). Based on medical records and health check reports, we found no differences between comparison groups that could have led to detection bias. Conclusions: The overall results suggest elevated risk of radiation-related cancers among residents living near nuclear power plants, controlling for the selective survival effect. This is further supported by the lack of evidence of detection bias and by records of environmental exposure from radiation waste discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Min Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Cheongju Medical Center, Cheongju 28547, Korea.
| | | | - Young-Su Ju
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea.
| | - Seung-Sik Hwang
- Department of Public Health Science, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116, Korea.
| | - Bong-Kyu Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Kyung Ehi Zoh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Domyung Paek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Desbiolles A, Roudier C, Goria S, Stempfelet M, Kairo C, Quintin C, Bidondo M, Monnereau A, Vacquier B. Cancer incidence in adults living in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in France, based on data from the French Network of Cancer Registries. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:899-909. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Desbiolles
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
| | - Candice Roudier
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
| | - Sarah Goria
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
| | - Morgane Stempfelet
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
| | - Cécile Kairo
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
| | - Cécile Quintin
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
| | - Marie‐Laure Bidondo
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
| | - Alain Monnereau
- French Network of Cancer Registries (FRANCIM) and INSERM U1219 EPICENE Team, Bordeaux France
| | - Blandine Vacquier
- Santé publique France, French National Public Health AgencySaint‐MauriceF‐94415 France
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Kim J, Bang Y, Lee WJ. Living near nuclear power plants and thyroid cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 87:42-48. [PMID: 26638017 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There has been public concern regarding the safety of residing near nuclear power plants, and the extent of risk for thyroid cancer among adults living near nuclear power plants has not been fully explored. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies was conducted to investigate the association between living near nuclear power plants and the risk of thyroid cancer. A comprehensive literature search was performed on studies published up to March 2015 on the association between nuclear power plants and thyroid cancer risk. The summary standardized incidence ratio (SIR), standardized mortality ratio (SMR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effect model of meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed by study quality. Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, covering 36 nuclear power stations in 10 countries. Overall, summary estimates showed no significant increased thyroid cancer incidence or mortality among residents living near nuclear power plants (summary SIR=0.98; 95% CI 0.87-1.11, summary SMR=0.80; 95% CI 0.62-1.04). The pooled estimates did not reveal different patterns of risk by gender, exposure definition, or reference population. However, sensitivity analysis by exposure definition showed that living less than 20 km from nuclear power plants was associated with a significant increase in the risk of thyroid cancer in well-designed studies (summary OR=1.75; 95% CI 1.17-2.64). Our study does not support an association between living near nuclear power plants and risk of thyroid cancer but does support a need for well-designed future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keimyung University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yejin Bang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Jin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Myon Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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12
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Lee WJ. Can screening effects explain increased risk of thyroid cancer among population living near nuclear power plants in Korea? ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:e2015013. [PMID: 26796892 PMCID: PMC4722967 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2015013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Bae JM. Development and application of patient decision aids. Epidemiol Health 2015; 37:e2015018. [PMID: 25868639 PMCID: PMC4430759 DOI: 10.4178/epih/e2015018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With the current overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer resulting from routine screening in Korea, it is necessary to educate the public that not all cancers are malignant. The exposure to patient decision aids (PtDAs) compared to usual care reduced the number of people choosing to undergo prostate-specific antigen screening. This article introduces the definition, usefulness, and developmental processes of PtDAs and suggests the urgent need for a Korean PtDA related to thyroid cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Myon Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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Kim JM, Kim MH, Ju YS, Hwang SS, Ha M, Paek D. Rebuttal to authors' reply, re: cancer risk in adult residents near nuclear power plants in Korea: a cohort study of 1992-2010. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:115-6; discussion 116. [PMID: 25552892 PMCID: PMC4278018 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.1.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Min Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Cheongju Medical Center, Cheongju, Korea
| | | | - Young-Su Ju
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Seung-sik Hwang
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Domyung Paek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JM, Kim MH, Ju YS, Hwang SS, Ha M, Paek D. Re: cancer risk in adult residents near nuclear power plants in Korea: a cohort study of 1992-2010. J Korean Med Sci 2014; 29:1436-7. [PMID: 25368500 PMCID: PMC4214947 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.10.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Min Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Cheongju Medical Center, Cheongju, Korea
| | | | - Young-Su Ju
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Seung-sik Hwang
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Domyung Paek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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