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Cai ZM, Li ZZ, Zhong NN, Cao LM, Xiao Y, Li JQ, Huo FY, Liu B, Xu C, Zhao Y, Rao L, Bu LL. Revolutionizing lymph node metastasis imaging: the role of drug delivery systems and future perspectives. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:135. [PMID: 38553735 PMCID: PMC10979629 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The deployment of imaging examinations has evolved into a robust approach for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis (LNM). The advancement of technology, coupled with the introduction of innovative imaging drugs, has led to the incorporation of an increasingly diverse array of imaging techniques into clinical practice. Nonetheless, conventional methods of administering imaging agents persist in presenting certain drawbacks and side effects. The employment of controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) as a conduit for transporting imaging agents offers a promising solution to ameliorate these limitations intrinsic to metastatic lymph node (LN) imaging, thereby augmenting diagnostic precision. Within the scope of this review, we elucidate the historical context of LN imaging and encapsulate the frequently employed DDSs in conjunction with a variety of imaging techniques, specifically for metastatic LN imaging. Moreover, we engage in a discourse on the conceptualization and practical application of fusing diagnosis and treatment by employing DDSs. Finally, we venture into prospective applications of DDSs in the realm of LNM imaging and share our perspective on the potential trajectory of DDS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Min Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zi-Zhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Nian-Nian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lei-Ming Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fang-Yi Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4066, Australia
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Rao
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
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Negm AS, Collins JD, Bendel EC, Takahashi E, Knavel Koepsel EM, Gehling KJ, Burke CE, Barker DR, Stenzel WS, Bathke AM, Polites SF, Abcejo AS, Morris JM, Favazza C, Lu A, François CJ, Young P, Thompson SM. MR Lymphangiography in Lymphatic Disorders: Clinical Applications, Institutional Experience, and Practice Development. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230075. [PMID: 38271257 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Lymphatic flow and anatomy can be challenging to study, owing to variable lymphatic anatomy in patients with diverse primary or secondary lymphatic pathologic conditions and the fact that lymphatic imaging is rarely performed in healthy individuals. The primary components of the lymphatic system outside the head and neck are the peripheral, retroperitoneal, mesenteric, hepatic, and pulmonary lymphatic systems and the thoracic duct. Multiple techniques have been developed for imaging components of the lymphatic system over the past century, with trade-offs in spatial, temporal, and contrast resolution; invasiveness; exposure to ionizing radiation; and the ability to obtain information on dynamic lymphatic flow. More recently, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MR lymphangiography (MRL) has emerged as a valuable tool for imaging both lymphatic flow and anatomy in a variety of congenital and acquired primary or secondary lymphatic disorders. The authors provide a brief overview of lymphatic physiology, anatomy, and imaging techniques. Next, an overview of DCE MRL and the development of an MRL practice and workflow in a hybrid interventional MRI suite incorporating cart-based in-room US is provided, with an emphasis on multidisciplinary collaboration. The spectrum of congenital and acquired lymphatic disorders encountered early in an MRL practice is provided, with emphasis on the diversity of imaging findings and how DCE MRL can aid in diagnosis and treatment of these patients. Methods such as DCE MRL for assessing the hepatic and mesenteric lymphatic systems and emerging technologies that may further expand DCE MRL use such as three-dimensional printing are introduced. ©RSNA, 2024 Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Negm
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Jeremy D Collins
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Emily C Bendel
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Edwin Takahashi
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Erica M Knavel Koepsel
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Kathleen J Gehling
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Courtney E Burke
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Devin R Barker
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Wayne S Stenzel
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Angela M Bathke
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Stephanie F Polites
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Arnoley S Abcejo
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Jonathan M Morris
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Christopher Favazza
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Aiming Lu
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Christopher J François
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Phillip Young
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
| | - Scott M Thompson
- From the Department of Radiology, Division of Cardiovascular Imaging (A.S.N., J.D.C., E.T., D.R.B., W.S.S., C.F., A.L., C.J.F., P.Y., S.M.T.), Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (E.C.B., E.T., K.J.G., C.E.B., A.M.B., J.M.M., S.M.T.), Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (S.F.P.), and Department of Anesthesiology (A.S.A.), Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905; and Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis (E.M.K.K.)
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